CN102637482B - High-temperature superconducting cable shunt refrigeration method and refrigeration shunt box for realizing method - Google Patents
High-temperature superconducting cable shunt refrigeration method and refrigeration shunt box for realizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102637482B CN102637482B CN201210114696.1A CN201210114696A CN102637482B CN 102637482 B CN102637482 B CN 102637482B CN 201210114696 A CN201210114696 A CN 201210114696A CN 102637482 B CN102637482 B CN 102637482B
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature superconducting cable shunt refrigeration method and a high-temperature superconducting cable refrigeration shunt box for realizing the method. The high-temperature superconducting cable shunt refrigeration method comprises the following specific steps of: connecting the refrigeration shunt box with a high-temperature superconducting cable by virtue of a connector, shunting one part of liquid nitrogen in the high-temperature superconducting cable without interrupting the conductive part of the superconducting cable, and refrigerating the liquid nitrogen and then sending the liquid nitrogen back into the cable. The refrigeration shunt box utilizes one group of pipelines to establish one main pipeline and a liquid nitrogen distribution branch and is connected with a refrigeration station by virtue of a connector. The method and the box solve the problem of insufficient refrigerating capacity of the single refrigeration station of the long-distance high-temperature superconducting cable, and the refrigeration shunt box is flexible to install and arrange and is applicable to various structures of thermal-insulation superconducting cables and cold-insulation superconducting cables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cryogenic refrigeration equipment, relate in particular to one and be mainly used in long distance high-temperature hyperconductive cable refrigeration current divider box and high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method.
Background technology
Along with the development of high temperature superconducting materia manufacturing process and hyperconductive cable technology of preparing, the length of hyperconductive cable constantly increases, and transmission capacity constantly increases.The practical engineering application of high-temperature superconductive cable is carried out gradually.Owing to being operated in the body, the loss that pipeline can absorb from environment heat and the electric energy transmitting of hyperconductive cable own of hyperconductive cable of liquid nitrogen temperature, the increase of transmission range certainly will cause the increase of hyperconductive cable heat load.This refrigerating system to high-temperature superconductive cable is had higher requirement.
The refrigerating system of short distance high-temperature superconductive cable generally adopts refrigeration machine refrigeration, liquid nitrogen closed cycle, the refrigeration modes of decompression backup of finding time.Only need one group of refrigeration machine, cryopump, find time decompression, liquid nitrogen storage tank, supervisory control system, just can meet required refrigerating capacity and the circulation ability of the normal operation of hyperconductive cable.These parts concentrate in together, and form a refrigeration plant.Refrigeration plant can be realized the functions such as refrigeration, pressurized circulation, refrigeration for subsequent use, parameter measurement, control.
But for long distance (kilometer level) high-temperature superconductive cable, due to the restriction of hyperconductive cable and cryogenic technique, a refrigeration plant is difficult to, in several kilometers, the liquid nitrogen in high-temperature superconductive cable is maintained to supercooled state, and forms circulation.Therefore,, in order to make the liquid nitrogen in high-temperature superconductive cable remain on supercooled state, being necessary provides refrigerating capacity and circulation power for it before the liquid nitrogen vaporization in cable.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method, it can solve the deficiency of the single refrigeration plant refrigerating capacity of high-temperature superconductive cable in prior art, solves the refrigeration problem of long distance high-temperature hyperconductive cable.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design:
A kind of high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method, its method is as follows: the liquid nitrogen part in high-temperature superconducting cable body is distributed to body, after freezing, sends again body back to, all the other not splitter section stay and in body, maintain intrinsic low-temperature condition.
Described high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method concrete steps are as follows:
1) set up refrigeration plant, at the mid-dynamic equipment of refrigeration plant and refrigeration plant;
2) in refrigeration plant region, set up a high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box: utilize one group of double-skin duct to set up a main line and a liquid nitrogen diverter branch along hyperconductive cable body, wherein, described main line is directly set on hyperconductive cable body, described liquid nitrogen diverter branch comprise a pair of go out, enter branch line, this goes out, enters branch line respectively by the liquid nitrogen stream UNICOM by the road of first, second threeway and hyperconductive cable body; By liquid nitrogen diverter branch go out, enter branch line respectively by joint and power-equipment and refrigeration plant UNICOM in corresponding refrigeration plant, and with the flow of valve control liquid nitrogen;
3) in double-skin duct, insert by sheathing paper and high reflectivity film and form heat-insulating material, and will between double-skin duct, be evacuated to 10
-2below Pa;
4) be connected with high-temperature superconductive cable by the joint current divider box that makes to freeze, the liquid nitrogen stream that hyperconductive cable current-carrying part directly penetrates current divider box along rectilinear direction is through main road;
5) startup work, opens the valve that leads to refrigeration plant, and liquid nitrogen flows into current divider box pipeline by joint from hyperconductive cable body, and at the first threeway punishment stream, wherein one enters refrigeration plant, and another strand directly by the main line of current divider box;
6) after one liquid nitrogen that enters refrigeration plant freezes, then be back to hyperconductive cable body through the second threeway, and converge by the liquid nitrogen of current divider box main line.
In described high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method, configure respectively different refrigeration current divider boxs is installed for the liquid nitrogen circulating by different passages in high-temperature superconducting cable body; The structure of the high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box of corresponding some refrigeration plants is mutually identical or mutually different, and the structure of the current divider box of corresponding each refrigeration plant adopts a kind of version in equal diameter or different diameter.
Described high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method is applicable to thermal insulation hyperconductive cable and cold insulation hyperconductive cable.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box of realizing said method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design:
A kind of high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box, it comprises:
Utilize one group of pipeline to set up a main line and a liquid nitrogen diverter branch; Wherein, described main line is directly set on hyperconductive cable body, and described main line comprises before shunting, shunting is rear and reflux rear three segment pipes;
Described liquid nitrogen diverter branch comprise a pair of go out, enter branch line, this goes out, enters branch line respectively by threeway and main line UNICOM;
The branch line that goes out, enters of described liquid nitrogen diverter branch connects a refrigeration plant by joint respectively.
Pipeline after the shunting of described high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box is equal diameter or different diameter with the diameter of shunting preceding pipeline, and wherein, in the time that both are different diameter, the diameter of the pipeline after shunting is less than the diameter of shunting preceding pipeline.
In the described high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration liquid nitrogen diverter branch of current divider box and the pipeline of refrigeration plant UNICOM, be provided with the valve of the liquid nitrogen flow of adjustable outflow cable.
The main line of described high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box and liquid nitrogen diverter branch a pair of go out, enter branch line by inside and outside two-layer stainless steel tube steel pipe composition, between inner layer steel pipe and outer layer pipe, leave gap, between described inside and outside layer steel pipe, be wound around some insulation material layers, this heat-insulating material is made up of sheathing paper and high reflectivity film.
In described high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method and high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box, should will between inside and outside layer steel pipe, be evacuated to 10
-2below Pa.
Described high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method and high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box are applicable to thermal insulation hyperconductive cable and cold insulation hyperconductive cable.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) problem of the single refrigeration plant refrigerating capacity of the long distance high-temperature hyperconductive cable of solution deficiency;
2) reduce the requirement of long distance high-temperature hyperconductive cable to single refrigeration plant refrigerating capacity;
3) and its be independent of high-temperature superconducting cable body thermostat, do not increase additional flow resistance, can be according to field condition flexible arrangement;
4) applicability is strong, goes for the various structures of thermal insulation hyperconductive cable and cold insulation hyperconductive cable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box of the present invention and refrigeration plant schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box one embodiment (equal diameter) structural representation of the present invention (overlooking).
Fig. 3 is A-A profile in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged diagram (side is analysed and observe) of partial structurtes C in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box another embodiment (different diameter) structural representation of the present invention (overlooking).
Fig. 6 is A-A profile in Fig. 5.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment
High-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box of the present invention has utilized one group of pipeline (having used 5 segment pipe t1, t2, t3, t4, t5 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1) to set up a main line and a liquid nitrogen diverter branch; Wherein, described main line is directly set on hyperconductive cable body, and described main line comprises before shunting, shunting is rear and reflux rear three segment pipe t1, t5, t2; Described liquid nitrogen diverter branch comprise a pair of go out, enter branch line t3, t4, this goes out, enters branch line respectively by threeway and main line UNICOM.As shown in Figure 1.The main line of high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box of the present invention is connected with hyperconductive cable body 10 by two joint j1, j2, makes the intrinsic liquid nitrogen of hyperconductive cable flow into each pipeline of current divider box.The current-carrying part of hyperconductive cable directly passes current divider box by pipeline t1, t5, t2.Two other joint of current divider box j3, j4 connect a refrigeration plant.In refrigeration plant, there are valve, power-equipment, refrigeration plant etc.In the high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration liquid nitrogen diverter branch of current divider box and the pipeline of refrigeration plant UNICOM, be provided with the valve 20 of the liquid nitrogen flow of adjustable outflow cable, when this valve open, part liquid nitrogen is shunted through pipeline t3, sending into refrigeration plant by power-equipment freezes, pass back into hyperconductive cable body by pipeline t4 again, thereby for hyperconductive cable brings more refrigerating capacity and circulation power, avoid the liquid nitrogen in hyperconductive cable to vaporize because of the heat load that long distance powedr transmission brings.As required, the flow of shunting the liquid nitrogen that enters refrigeration plant can be controlled by the valve of refrigeration plant.
Pipeline after described shunting refers to the rear pipeline that is left the common process of liquid nitrogen of high-temperature superconductive cable current-carrying part and shunting, and it can be to be equal diameter or different diameter with the diameter of shunting preceding pipeline.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 is pipeline and the schematic diagram of shunting preceding pipeline equal diameter structure after the shunting of high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box, and wherein Fig. 2 is current divider box vertical view, and Fig. 3 is the profile of Fig. 2 along A-A, and Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged view of region C in Fig. 3.In this kind of structure, two equal tees 1 connect 5 segment pipe t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, and wherein 4 segment pipes, with joint, have quick flange 4 to connect hyperconductive cable and refrigeration plant on joint.Each joint all adopts inside and outside double-layer pipe 2 to make; The top of joint is respectively equipped with sealed interface 3, docks for realizing with the sealing of refrigeration plant.
As shown in Figures 2 to 4.Liquid nitrogen flows into current divider box pipeline by joint from hyperconductive cable body, and at first threeway punishment stream, a part enters refrigeration plant, then is back to hyperconductive cable body by second threeway place.Hyperconductive cable current-carrying part directly passes current divider box along rectilinear direction.The pipeline of current divider box and joint are all made up of inside and outside two-layer stainless steel tube steel pipe.The diameter of steel pipe should match in the joint dimension of hyperconductive cable, and ensures to leave certain interval between inner layer steel pipe and outer layer pipe.Between inside and outside layer steel pipe, be wound around the heat-insulating material that some layers are made up of sheathing paper, high reflectivity film.Steel pipe 2 welds to ensure air-tightness with threeway 1, quick flange 4, sealed interface by Fig. 2 mode.Between inside and outside layer steel pipe, be evacuated to 10
-2below Pa.Thoroughly avoid conduction, convection current to leak heat, and radiation leakage heat is reduced to minimum.
Because the shunting action of shunt conduit can make in corresponding diagram 1 the liquid nitrogen flow velocity in t5 segment pipe slack-off, this may cause in pipeline temperature rise very fast.In order to strengthen the refrigeration in this pipeline, can further adopt the gauge structure that straightens as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, utilize two reducing joints to dwindle the diameter of the corresponding pipeline of t5 section, to increase liquid nitrogen flow velocity in this pipeline.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, straighten the schematic diagram of gauge structure for pipeline after the shunting of high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box and shunting preceding pipeline.In corresponding diagram 1, the pipe diameter of t5 section dwindles (adopting reducing joint 1 to realize), and remainder is identical with structure shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4.
In addition, may circulate by different passages for liquid nitrogen in high-temperature superconducting cable body, when concrete enforcement, can need to different refrigeration current divider boxs be installed for different passages configure respectively according to refrigeration, a refrigeration current divider box is only for a liquid nitrogen passage provides shunting refrigeration.Now, need to use different hyperconductive cable joints, the liquid nitrogen that makes circulation in different passages is selected to allow the liquid nitrogen of a certain passage enter refrigeration current divider box after separately again.
The various embodiments described above can some variations in addition under not departing from the scope of the present invention, thus above explanation comprises and accompanying drawing shown in structure should be considered as exemplary, but not in order to limit the protection range of the application's patent.
Claims (10)
1. a high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method, it is characterized in that method is as follows: set up a refrigeration plant, be built-in with power-equipment and refrigeration plant at refrigeration plant, and set up a high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box: utilize one group of double-skin duct to set up a main line and a liquid nitrogen diverter branch along high-temperature superconducting cable body, wherein, described main line is directly set on high-temperature superconducting cable body, described liquid nitrogen diverter branch comprise a pair of go out, enter branch line, this goes out, enter branch line respectively by first, the liquid nitrogen stream of the second threeway and high-temperature superconducting cable body UNICOM by the road, by liquid nitrogen diverter branch go out, enter branch line respectively by joint and power-equipment and refrigeration plant UNICOM in corresponding refrigeration plant, and enter the liquid nitrogen flow of refrigeration plant with valve control, a liquid nitrogen part in high-temperature superconducting cable body is distributed to body, after freezing, sends again body back to, all the other not splitter section stay in body to maintain intrinsic low-temperature condition.
2. high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in double-skin duct, insert heat-insulating material, and will between double-skin duct, be evacuated to 10
-2below Pa; The liquid nitrogen stream that high-temperature superconductive cable current-carrying part directly penetrates current divider box along rectilinear direction is through main road; When startup work, open the valve that leads to refrigeration plant, liquid nitrogen flows into current divider box pipeline by joint from high-temperature superconducting cable body, and at the first threeway punishment stream, wherein one enters refrigeration plant, and another strand directly by the main line of current divider box; After one liquid nitrogen that enters refrigeration plant freezes, then be back to hyperconductive cable body through the second threeway, and converge by the liquid nitrogen of current divider box main line.
3. high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: configure respectively different refrigeration current divider boxs is installed for the liquid nitrogen circulating by different passages in high-temperature superconducting cable body; The structure of the high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box of corresponding some refrigeration plants is mutually identical or mutually different, and the structure of the current divider box of corresponding each refrigeration plant adopts a kind of version in equal diameter or different diameter.
4. high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between inside and outside layer steel pipe, be evacuated to 10
-2below Pa.
5. high-temperature superconductive cable separate system cooling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method is applicable to thermal insulation hyperconductive cable and cold insulation hyperconductive cable.
6. a high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box of realizing method described in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising:
Utilize one group of pipeline to set up a main line and a liquid nitrogen diverter branch; Wherein, described main line is directly set on high-temperature superconducting cable body, and described main line comprises before shunting, shunting is rear and reflux rear three segment pipes;
Described liquid nitrogen diverter branch comprise a pair of go out, enter branch line, this goes out, enters branch line respectively by threeway and main line UNICOM;
The branch line that goes out, enters of described liquid nitrogen diverter branch connects a refrigeration plant by joint respectively.
7. high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the pipeline after described shunting is equal diameter or different diameter with the diameter of shunting preceding pipeline.
8. high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the valve that is provided with the liquid nitrogen flow of adjustable outflow cable in the pipeline of described liquid nitrogen diverter branch and refrigeration plant UNICOM.
9. high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described main line and liquid nitrogen diverter branch a pair of go out, enter branch line by inside and outside two-layer stainless steel tube steel pipe composition, between inner layer steel pipe and outer layer pipe, leave gap, between described inside and outside layer steel pipe, be wound around some insulation material layers.
10. high-temperature superconductive cable refrigeration current divider box according to claim 9, is characterized in that: between inside and outside layer steel pipe, be that vacuum degree is 10
-2cavity volume below Pa.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210114696.1A CN102637482B (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2012-04-19 | High-temperature superconducting cable shunt refrigeration method and refrigeration shunt box for realizing method |
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| CN201210114696.1A CN102637482B (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2012-04-19 | High-temperature superconducting cable shunt refrigeration method and refrigeration shunt box for realizing method |
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| CN102637482B true CN102637482B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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| CN114204513B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-04-26 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Terminal structure of conduction cooling high-temperature superconducting cable |
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| CN1773632A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-05-17 | 波克股份有限公司 | Backup cryogenic refrigeration system |
| CN1809901A (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2006-07-26 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Super-conductive cable operation method and super-conductive cable system |
| CN101004959A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-07-25 | 电子科技大学 | Current limiting method for high temperature super conductive cable and its structure, application and connecting mode |
| CN101120218A (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2008-02-06 | 布鲁克斯自动化有限公司 | Refrigeration cycle utilizing a mixed inert component refrigerant |
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2012
- 2012-04-19 CN CN201210114696.1A patent/CN102637482B/en active Active
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| CN1809901A (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2006-07-26 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Super-conductive cable operation method and super-conductive cable system |
| CN101120218A (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2008-02-06 | 布鲁克斯自动化有限公司 | Refrigeration cycle utilizing a mixed inert component refrigerant |
| CN1731536A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-02-08 | 北京云电英纳超导电缆有限公司 | Multi-fission superconductive cable |
| CN1773632A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-05-17 | 波克股份有限公司 | Backup cryogenic refrigeration system |
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| CN101004959A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-07-25 | 电子科技大学 | Current limiting method for high temperature super conductive cable and its structure, application and connecting mode |
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Address after: 100176 West A, floor 3, building B, No. 7, Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing innopower superconductor power technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100176 Beijing City, Rongchang Daxing District economic and Technological Development Zone Industrial Park Longsheng Street No. 7 room 503 Patentee before: Beijing Innopower Superconductor Cable Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20191225 Address after: 650051 No. 105 Yunda West Road, Kunming Economic and Technological Development Zone, Yunnan Province Patentee after: YUNNAN ELECTRIC POWER TEST & RESEARCH INSTITUTE (GROUP) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100176 West A, floor 3, building B, No. 7, Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing Patentee before: Beijing innopower superconductor power technology Co.,Ltd. |