CN102635495B - Automatic pitch-adjusting wind wheel - Google Patents

Automatic pitch-adjusting wind wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102635495B
CN102635495B CN201210109250XA CN201210109250A CN102635495B CN 102635495 B CN102635495 B CN 102635495B CN 201210109250X A CN201210109250X A CN 201210109250XA CN 201210109250 A CN201210109250 A CN 201210109250A CN 102635495 B CN102635495 B CN 102635495B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sliding sleeve
hub body
wind wheel
screw
blade
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201210109250XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102635495A (en
Inventor
史宏
张理罡
刘延飞
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JIANGYIN GIANSUN PRECISION MACHINERY PARTS CO Ltd
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JIANGYIN GIANSUN PRECISION MACHINERY PARTS CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201210109250XA priority Critical patent/CN102635495B/en
Publication of CN102635495A publication Critical patent/CN102635495A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102635495B publication Critical patent/CN102635495B/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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Abstract

The invention relates to a wind wheel capable of automatically adjusting the pitch by the centrifugal force generated by a blade when the wind wheel of a wind motor rotates. The wind wheel comprises a hub sliding sleeve mechanism, disc spring mechanisms, spiral groove mechanisms, a synchronous connecting rod mechanism and a damping buffer gear, wherein the hub sliding sleeve mechanism comprises a main shaft (1), a hub body (2), cantilever shafts (3), sliding sleeves (4), the blade (5) and a fixed sleeve (9); the three sets of disc spring mechanisms are respectively arranged at the ends of the three cantilever shafts (3) and the three sliding sleeves (4), and extend into the blade (5); the three sets of spiral groove mechanisms are available; and each set of spiral groove mechanism comprises two pin shafts (18), four needle roller bearings (19), a sleeve (20) and two-way spiral grooves (21) arranged at the ends of the sliding sleeves (4). The wind wheel not only can reduce the start-up wind speed, but also can adjust the pitch forward during strong wind, thus being beneficial to reducing the load of the blade; and a reliable damping buffer device is available during the pitch-adjusting process, so that a whole machine is simple in structure, small in volume, long in service life and good in machining technology.

Description

Automatically become the oar wind wheel
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generator, is a kind of wind wheel that utilizes the centrifugal force that produces on wind turbine wind wheel when revolution blade automatically to become oar specifically.
Background technique
Wind-driven generator need to be installed in plentifully area of wind-resources, these areas are awful weather often, wind-force changes violent variable, this just makes wind-driven generator must have the ability that adapts to various different wind speed (comprising typhoon), we wish that wind-driven generator starts at low wind speed, can high efficiency generate electricity at rated wind speed, in strong wind, fitful wind, typhoon situation, still can move and can not damage---can reach this purpose by changing the propeller pitch angle of wind wheel blade under different wind speed, the common change oar technology of paying close attention to of wind-powered electricity generation industry that Here it is.
Both at home and abroad relevant patent is a lot of therewith, and some are the propeller pitch angles that change wind wheel blade by detecting wind direction, wind speed signal after software program is processed by electrical control actuator, are referred to as initiatively to become oar; The propeller pitch angle that other centrifugal force that are blade produces when directly utilizing the suffered blast of wind wheel or utilizing wind wheel to rotate change blade is called passive paddle changing.All there is mechanism's complexity in known passive paddle changing patented technology, volume is large, the life-span is short, cost is high, does not have the shortcomings such as damping buffer unit, and known passive paddle changing technology all can only become oar by negative sense.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, provide a kind of can negative sense and forward become oar and become in the oar process and have reliable damping buffer unit, and simple for structure, volume is little, the automatic change oar wind wheel of long service life.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of automatic change oar wind wheel is characterized in that described wind wheel comprises totally five mechanisms of wheel hub slider mechanism, dish spring mechanism, spiral chute mechanism, synchronization link mechanism and damping buffering mechanism;
Described wheel hub slider mechanism, comprise main shaft, hub body, cantilevered axle, sliding sleeve, blade, fixed cover and round nut, a tri-prismoid in the middle of the hub body, by protruding three cantilevered axle of three side planes of tri-prismoid, three cantilevered axle and hub body are linked to be an integral body, three sliding sleeves are enclosed within respectively and both can have rotated also on three cantilevered axle and can move axially, three blades are connected on three sliding sleeves, round nut is pressed on the hub body, taper hole in the middle of the hub body closely is connected with outer cone on the main shaft, fixed cover covers on outside the sliding sleeve and the flange by the fixed cover end is fixed on the tri-prismoid side plane, the length of fixed cover is greater than the outside stroke of motion of sliding sleeve, simultaneously because slide in the fixed cover and when moving on the cantilevered axle gas of sliding sleeve back annular space can only and can produce damping function (being similar to inflator) from the turnover of the gap between fixed cover and the sliding sleeve;
There are three covers in described dish spring mechanism, every cover dish spring mechanism is contained in the end of three cantilevered axle of described hub body and three sliding sleeves and extend into the inside of blade, every cover dish spring mechanism comprises large socket head screw, leader casing, the dish spring, filler ring, ball and lock screw, a plurality of balls are contained in and form a thrust bearing between filler ring and the sliding sleeve breech face, this thrust bearing make slide under the dish spring compressive state still can be on the cantilevered axle of hub body flexible rotating, the leader casing small end has two boss, when large socket head screw is pushed down leader casing, two boss stretch in two recessed grains of cantilevered axle end, leader casing can not be rotated, and the lock screw on the leader casing withstands large socket head screw again, and that socket head screw can not be rotated is loosening;
There are three covers in described spiral chute mechanism, every cover spiral chute mechanism comprises the two-way spiral groove (there are four two-way spiral grooves each sliding sleeve end) of two bearing pins, four needle bearings, sleeve pipe and sliding sleeve ends, the center line of two-way spiral groove is the curve that satisfies the best two-way change oar function of blower fan, two orthogonal cantilevered axle afterbodys that pass described hub body of bearing pin, the termination of bearing pin is equipped with needle bearing and is extend in the two-way spiral groove of sliding sleeve end; Because two bearing pins maintain static in the cantilevered axle of hub body, when sliding sleeve moves axially, because the effect of sliding sleeve end convolution groove, sliding sleeve will be promoted rotation by bearing pin and needle bearing, sleeve pipe wraps in outside the cylindrical of sliding sleeve end spiral chute mechanism is all covered, it stops grease to leak, and makes needle bearing and two-way spiral groove long-term work in lubricant oil.
Described synchronization link mechanism is comprised of three connecting rods, six roots of sensation pin, six plain radial bearings, six screws, six large washers, six pressure rings, Screw, Cock screw and synchronous flanges.Six roots of sensation pin has three to be installed on three sliding sleeves, and is locking with three Cock screws; There are three to be installed on the synchronous flange, use equally three Cock screws locking.Every connecting rod one end is enclosed within on the sliding sleeve by plain radial bearing, and the other end is enclosed within on the synchronous flange by plain radial bearing, makes the plain radial bearing location with screw, large washer, pressure ring and Screw.Because flange can only rotate centered by main shaft synchronously, such three sliding sleeves are pinned and can only be synchronized with the movement within the specific limits by connecting rod by synchronous flange;
Described damping buffering mechanism comprises front supporting ring, rear supporting ring, two moving dividing plates and a static baffle, front supporting ring and rear supporting ring make synchronous flange main shaft upper limit (can only rotate) on the one hand, before passing through on the other hand, O shape in the middle of the rear supporting ring endoporus encloses seal action, pass the elongated slot of static baffle in the middle of spindle nose annular space is divided into two halves, two moving dividing plates are fixed in the synchronous flange inner chamber and rotate together in company with the footwork orchid, the moving dividing plate of each piece is divided into two little annular spaces to the annular space that static baffle is divided into two halves more again, will drive two moving dividing plates when synchronous flange rotates rotates, because the grease in two little annular spaces that the moving dividing plate of each piece separates can only flow to another little annular space from a little annular space by the damping hole on the moving dividing plate, thereby makes the rotation of synchronous flange realize damping buffering.
The present invention becomes the oar wind wheel automatically, and described moving dividing plate is made by spring steel plate, and the centre cuts out a H shape, and damping hole just is drilled in the center of H.When high-voltage oil cavity pressure is excessive, can be crooked to pressure circlet shape cavity direction behind the two ㄩ shape tongue piece pressurizeds that formed by H shape slot, the damp channel area is strengthened and the restriction oil pressure, protection blower fan main shaft and synchronization link mechanism and damping buffering mechanism.
Wind wheel of the present invention is when static, and blade angle is in position, optimum start-up angle (between blade windward side and the wind wheel rotation card angle namely facing the wind angle be about 12 ~ 15 °).After wind wheel begins rotation, blade can overcome along with the rising of rotating speed disc spring force and outwards throw away synchronously (must throw away synchronously blower fan just can not vibrate) under the effect of centrifugal force, because the effect of the spiral chute mechanism on the blade seat makes the rotation of three blade synchronization negative senses, the angle that facings the wind reduces (negative sense change oar) along with blade throws away gradually, become the optimum efficiency angle (being about 0 ~ 2 °) that facings the wind during to rated speed.When wind-force continues to become large, wind speed round continues to rise, when blade continues to overcome spring force and outwards moves, spiral chute mechanism on the blade seat of the present invention makes blade forward rotate (forward become oar, blade facings the wind the angle change greatly, is beneficial to and reduces blade loads), when wind speed is increased to 25m/s, blade facing the wind the angle can reach+20 ° ~+25 °, blade lift effect this moment disappears, rotating speed no longer rises.Damping buffering mechanism can effectively avoid vibration and the shake in the above-mentioned change oar process, and prolongs the life-span of blower fan.
Compare with known passive paddle changing technology, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, can two-way change oar, not only can reduce to start wind speed but also when strong wind, forward become oar and realize the strong wind protection, be beneficial to the minimizing blade loads.
2, has reliable damping buffer unit.
3, mechanism is succinct, and volume is little, long service life, and technology capability is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is plan view of the present invention (pressing B-B direction complete section among Fig. 2)
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 cut open and open by A-A air guide sleeve right elevation.
Fig. 3 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the D-D sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the parts drawing of hub body.
Fig. 6 is the E-E cut-away view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the parts drawing of sliding sleeve.
Fig. 8 is the F-F cut-away view of Fig. 7.
Main shaft 1, hub body 2, cantilevered axle 3, sliding sleeve 4, blade 5, socket head screw 6, round nut 7, locking pad 8, fixed cover 9, Screw 10, air guide sleeve 11;
Large socket head screw 12, leader casing 13, dish spring 14, filler ring 15, ball 16 and lock screw 17;
Bearing pin 18, needle bearing 19, sleeve pipe 20, two-way spiral groove 21;
Connecting rod 22, pin 23, plain radial bearing 24, screw 25, large washer 26, pressure ring 27, Screw 28, Cock screw 29, synchronous flange 30;
Front supporting ring 31, rear supporting ring 32, moving dividing plate 33, static baffle 34, seal ring 35, O shape circle 36, Cock screw 37,38, socket head screw 39, packing ring 40, air guide sleeve support 41.
Embodiment
Can be found out that by Fig. 1 ~ 8 the present invention becomes the oar wind wheel automatically, be formed by wheel hub slider mechanism, dish spring mechanism, spiral chute mechanism, five mechanisms of synchronization link mechanism and damping buffering mechanism.
Described wheel hub slider mechanism is comprised of main shaft 1, hub body 2, cantilevered axle 3, sliding sleeve 4, blade 5, socket head screw 6, round nut 7, locking pad 8, fixed cover 9 and Screw 10 and air guide sleeve 11, air guide sleeve support 41.Be a tri-prismoid in the middle of the hub body 2, be linked to be an integral body by 3, three cantilevered axle of protruding three cantilevered axle of three side planes of tri-prismoid 3 and hub body 2.Three sliding sleeves 4 are enclosed within respectively and both can have rotated also on three cantilevered axle 3 and can move axially; Three blades 5 are connected on three sliding sleeves 4 by a plurality of socket head screws 6; Two round nuts 7 are pressed on the hub body 2, and taper hole in the middle of the hub body 2 closely is connected with outer cone on the main shaft 1, and there is locking pad 8 two round nuts 7 centres.Fixed cover 9 covers on outside the sliding sleeve and the flange by the fixed cover end is fixed on the tri-prismoid side plane with Screw 10, it all covers sliding sleeve 3 afterbodys (stroke that the length of fixed cover 9 is outwards moved greater than sliding sleeve 4), fixed cover 9 stops greases to leak, simultaneously since sliding sleeve 4 fixed cover 9 in and the gas of cantilevered axle 3 sliding sleeve 4 back annular spaces when moving can only pass in and out from the gap between fixed cover 9 and the sliding sleeve 4 and can produce damping function (being similar to inflator); Air guide sleeve 11 is fixed on the hub body 2 by air guide sleeve support 41.
There are three covers in described dish spring mechanism, every cover dish spring mechanism is contained in the end of three cantilevered axle 3 of described hub body 2 and three sliding sleeves 4 and extend into the inside of blade 5 ends, is comprised of large socket head screw 12, leader casing 13, dish spring 14, filler ring 15, ball 16 and lock screw 17.A plurality of balls 16 are contained between filler ring 15 and sliding sleeve 4 breech faces and form a thrust bearing, and this thrust bearing makes sliding sleeve 4 flexible rotating on still can the cantilevered axle 3 at hub body 2 under dish spring 14 compressive states; Leader casing 13 small ends have two boss, when large socket head screw 12 is pushed down leader casing 13, boss stretches in two recessed grains of cantilevered axle 3 ends, and leader casing 13 can not be rotated, and the lock screw 17 on the leader casing 13 withstands large socket head screw 12 again, and that socket head screw 12 can not be rotated is loosening.
There are three covers in described spiral chute mechanism, every cover spiral chute mechanism is by two bearing pins 18, four needle bearings 19, there are four two-way spiral grooves each sliding sleeve end of the two-way spiral groove 21(of sleeve pipe 20 and sliding sleeve 4 ends) composition (center line of two-way spiral groove 21 is the curves that satisfy the best two-way change oar function of blower fan), two bearing pin 18 orthogonal cantilevered axle 3 afterbodys (position, a hole of staggering) that pass described hub body 2, the termination of bearing pin 18 is equipped with needle bearing and is extend in the two-way spiral groove 21 of sliding sleeve 4 ends BecauseTwo bearing pins 18 maintain static in the cantilevered axle 3 of hub body 2, and when sliding sleeve 4 moved axially, because the effect of the spiral chute 21 of sliding sleeve 4 ends, sliding sleeve 4 will be promoted rotation by bearing pin 18 and needle bearing 19.Sleeve pipe 20 wraps in outside the sliding sleeve 4 end cylindricals spiral chute mechanism is all covered, and it stops grease to leak, and makes needle bearing 19 and spiral chute 21 long-term works in lubricant oil.
Described synchronization link mechanism comprises three connecting rods 22, six roots of sensation pin 23, six plain radial bearings 24, six screws 25, six large washers 26, six pressure rings 27, Screw 28, Cock screw 29 and synchronous flanges 30, six roots of sensation pin 23 has three to be installed on three sliding sleeves 4, and is locking with three Cock screws 29; There are three to be installed on the synchronous flange 30, same locking with three Cock screws 29, every connecting rod 22 1 ends are enclosed within on the sliding sleeve 3 by plain radial bearing 24, the other end is enclosed within on the synchronous flange 30 by plain radial bearing 24, makes plain radial bearing 24 location with screw 25, large washer 26, pressure ring 27 and Screw 28.Because flange 30 can only rotate centered by main shaft 1 synchronously, such three sliding sleeves 3 are pinned and can only be synchronized with the movement within the specific limits by connecting rod 22 by synchronous flange 30.
Described damping buffering mechanism is comprised of front supporting ring 31, rear supporting ring 32, two moving dividing plates 33, static baffle 34, seal ring 35, two O shape circles 36, Cock screw 37,38, socket head screw 39 and packing rings 40.Front supporting ring 31 and rear supporting ring 32 make synchronous flange 30 main shaft 1 upper limit (can only rotate) on the one hand, seal by the circle of the O shape in the middle of the forward and backward supporting ring endoporus 36 on the other hand; Static baffle 34 passes from the elongated slot of main shaft 1 annular space is divided into two halves, two moving dividing plates 33 are fixed in synchronous flange 30 inner chambers and rotate together in company with footwork orchid 30, and the moving dividing plate 33 of each piece is divided into two little annular spaces to the annular space that static baffle 34 is divided into two halves more again.When synchronous flange 30 rotates, will drive two moving dividing plates 33 and rotate,
Because the grease in two little annular spaces that the moving dividing plate 33 of each piece separates can only flow to another little annular space from a little annular space by the damping hole on the moving dividing plate 33 of moving each piece, thereby makes the rotation of synchronous flange 30 realize damping buffering.Moving dividing plate 33 is made by spring steel plate, middlely cuts out a H shape by line, and damping hole just is drilled in the center of H; When high-voltage oil cavity pressure is excessive, can be crooked to pressure circlet shape cavity direction behind the two ㄩ shape tongue piece pressurizeds that formed by H shape slot, the damp channel area is strengthened and the restriction oil pressure, protection blower fan main shaft and synchronization link mechanism and damping buffering mechanism.

Claims (3)

1. one kind becomes the oar wind wheel automatically, it is characterized in that described wind wheel comprises totally five mechanisms of wheel hub slider mechanism, dish spring mechanism, spiral chute mechanism, synchronization link mechanism and damping buffering mechanism;
Described wheel hub slider mechanism, comprise main shaft (1), hub body (2), cantilevered axle (3), sliding sleeve (4), blade (5), fixed cover (9) and round nut (7), a tri-prismoid in the middle of the hub body (2), protruding three cantilevered axle of three side planes (3) by tri-prismoid, three cantilevered axle (3) are linked to be an integral body with hub body (2), three sliding sleeves (4) are enclosed within respectively and both can have rotated also on three cantilevered axle (3) and can move axially, three blades (5) are connected on three sliding sleeves (4), round nut (7) is pressed on the hub body (2), taper hole in the middle of the hub body (2) closely is connected with outer cone on the main shaft (1), fixed cover (9) covers on outside the sliding sleeve and the flange by the fixed cover end is fixed on the tri-prismoid side plane, and the length of fixed cover (9) is greater than the outside stroke of motion of sliding sleeve (4);
There are three covers in described dish spring mechanism, every cover dish spring mechanism is contained in the end of three cantilevered axle (3) of described hub body (2) and three sliding sleeves (4) and extend into the inside of blade (5), every cover dish spring mechanism comprises large socket head screw (12), leader casing (13), dish spring (14), filler ring (15), ball (16) and lock screw (17), a plurality of balls (16) are contained in and form a thrust bearing between filler ring (15) and sliding sleeve (4) breech face, this thrust bearing makes sliding sleeve (4) still can go up flexible rotating in the cantilevered axle (3) of hub body (2) under dish spring (14) impaction state, leader casing (13) small end has two boss, when large socket head screw (12) is pushed down leader casing (13), two boss stretch in two terminal recessed grains of cantilevered axle (3), leader casing (13) can not be rotated, and the lock screw (17) on the leader casing (13) withstands large socket head screw (12) again makes large socket head screw (12) can not rotate loosening;
There are three covers in described spiral chute mechanism, every cover spiral chute mechanism comprises two bearing pins (18), four needle bearings (19), the two-way spiral groove (21) of sleeve pipe (20) and sliding sleeve (4) end, there are four two-way spiral grooves each sliding sleeve end, the center line of two-way spiral groove (21) is to satisfy the best curve that becomes the oar function of blower fan, orthogonal cantilevered axle (3) afterbody that passes described hub body (2) of two bearing pins (18), the termination of bearing pin (18) extend in the two-way spiral groove (21) of sliding sleeve (4) end, because the cantilevered axle (3) of two bearing pins (18) in hub body (2) maintains static, when sliding sleeve (4) when moving axially, because the effect of the spiral chute (21) of sliding sleeve (4) end, sliding sleeve (4) will be promoted rotation by bearing pin (18) and needle bearing (19), and sleeve pipe (20) wraps in outside the cylindrical of sliding sleeve (4) end spiral chute mechanism is all covered;
Described synchronization link mechanism comprises three connecting rods (22), six roots of sensation pin (23), six plain radial bearings (24), six screws (25), six large washers (26), six pressure rings (27), Screw (28), Cock screw (29) and synchronous flange (30), six roots of sensation pin (23) has three to be installed on three sliding sleeves (4), and is locking with three Cock screws (29); There are three to be installed on the synchronous flange (30), same locking with three Cock screws (29), every connecting rod (22) one ends are enclosed within on the sliding sleeve (4) by plain radial bearing (24), the other end is enclosed within on the synchronous flange (30) by plain radial bearing (24), makes plain radial bearing (24) location with screw (25), large washer (26), pressure ring (27) and Screw (28);
Described damping buffering mechanism comprises front supporting ring (31), rear supporting ring (32), two moving dividing plates (33) and a static baffle (34), front supporting ring (31) and rear supporting ring (32) make synchronous flange (30) can only rotate at main shaft (1) upper limit on the one hand, before passing through on the other hand, O shape circle (36) in the middle of the rear supporting ring endoporus seals, static baffle (34) passes from the elongated slot of main shaft (1) annular space is divided into two halves, two moving dividing plates (33) are fixed in synchronous flange (30) inner chamber and rotate together in company with footwork blue (30), each piece moves dividing plate (33) and again the annular space that static baffle (34) is divided into two halves is divided into two little annular spaces again, will drive two moving dividing plates (33) and rotate when synchronous flange (30) rotates, the grease that each piece move in two little annular spaces that dividing plate (33) separates can only flow to another little annular space from a little annular space by the damping hole that each piece moves on the dividing plate (33).
2. a kind of automatic change oar wind wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that described moving dividing plate (33) made by spring steel plate, and the centre cuts out a H shape, and damping hole just is drilled in the center of H shape.
3. a kind of automatic change oar wind wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that described round nut (7) has two, and locking pad (8) is arranged in the middle of two round nuts (7).
CN201210109250XA 2012-04-16 2012-04-16 Automatic pitch-adjusting wind wheel Expired - Fee Related CN102635495B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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KR101435377B1 (en) 2013-06-14 2014-08-28 삼성중공업 주식회사 Wind power generator

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CN106286131A (en) * 2016-11-03 2017-01-04 安徽理工大学 Small-sized wind power generator pitch control mechanism
CN111750113B (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-04-05 合肥市久环给排水燃气设备有限公司 Special equipment for gas pressure regulation

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101435377B1 (en) 2013-06-14 2014-08-28 삼성중공업 주식회사 Wind power generator

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