CN102634094A - Optical and thermal-oxidative dual-degradation plastic thin film and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Optical and thermal-oxidative dual-degradation plastic thin film and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102634094A CN102634094A CN2012100908309A CN201210090830A CN102634094A CN 102634094 A CN102634094 A CN 102634094A CN 2012100908309 A CN2012100908309 A CN 2012100908309A CN 201210090830 A CN201210090830 A CN 201210090830A CN 102634094 A CN102634094 A CN 102634094A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical and thermal-oxidative dual-degradation plastic thin film and a manufacturing method thereof. The plastic thin film comprises a TiO2 photocatalyst and a transitional metal carboxylate thermal-oxidative degradation accelerating agent. The preparation method for the plastic thin film comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing an optical catalyst, transitional metal carboxylate, polyethylene micro powder and oxidized polyethylene wax according to a certain proportion, performing melt extrusion, obtaining optical and thermal-oxidative dual-degradation plastic mother particles, uniformly mixing the plastic mother particles and polyolefin according to a certain proportion, and performing blow molding to obtain the optical and thermal-oxidative dual-degradation plastic thin film. According to the method, the process is simple, the raw materials are available and cheap, and the plastic thin film can be produced by the conventional plastic production equipment. The prepared plastic thin film can generate optical degradation under the irradiation of the sunshine and thermal-oxidative degradation by heat accumulated by stacked garbage, so that the waste plastic thin film which is not degraded by the sunshine completely can be continued to be subjected to thermal degradation. Furthermore, according to the method of the national standard (GB/T19276.2-2003), residues obtained by degradation of the thin film are determined, and a result shows that the degraded residues can be degraded by microorganisms, so that the optical and thermal-oxidative dual-degradation plastic thin film has extremely high practical value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastics film and method of manufacture thereof that degraded can take place in physical environment, be specially
A kind of light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film and method of manufacture thereof,It is mainly used in series product such as making wrapping material, disposable plastic articles for use, agricultural mulching, belongs to chemical field.
Background technology
The polyolefins plastics are widely used in national economy and human lives's all respects owing to its economy, convenience and good stability.Because such polymer architecture is highly stable, be difficult to degraded under field conditions (factors), a large amount of disposable plastic goods have also caused serious pollution to ecotope like the use of plastic film, refuse bag, shopping bag etc. when bringing convenience to people.Global according to estimates Plastic wastes just accumulate in environment with the speed in 4,000 ten thousand tons of every year, and China is about 2,000,000 tons.How to administer " white pollution " and become a global problem.The main way of handling these waste plastics at present has landfill, pyrolysis liquefaction and burning, reclaims reprocessing etc.Yet these ways are not in treating refuse, to have brought new environmental problem, let prestige with its high cost and low excessively return rate exactly and step back.Such polymer materials is suitably handled, and making it can be that people urgently hope by natural degradation after discarded.
The plastics that develop novel easy production and in environment, be prone to degraded are one of industries of giving priority to of China, also are the important channels that solves the environmental problem that serious " white pollution " at present cause.The degradative plastics of current extensive research and development mainly contains biology and separates plastics and photodegradable plastics etc.
Biodegradable plastic mainly is that the materials processed with readily biodegradables such as starch, Mierocrystalline celluloses forms; Though this type plastics can biological degradation because cost is high, with high content of technology, a little less than bad mechanical strength and heat-resisting, the water tolerance etc. drawbacks limit its mass market development.
Photodegradable plastics mainly is in polymkeric substance, to be added with optically active inorganic or organic photosensitive agent, under the effect of light, causes free radical reaction, thereby accelerates degradation rate.Wherein the most representative is nano-TiO
2Based composite plastic, this type photodegradable plastics mainly are to utilize nano-TiO
2Photocatalysis degraded, like Chinese patent " photodegradation nano-TiO
2The preparation method of-Vilaterm composite plastic (200410060618.3), " utilizing the method (02146778.1) of titanium oxide for Preparation of Catalyst ultraviolet light photocatalysis degradation plastics " etc. all confirmed nano-TiO
2Can effectively promote the photodegradation of polymeric film as photocatalyst.After yet this type plastic prod goes out of use, have only first meeting to be exposed under the sunlight usually, along with the accumulation of rubbish, these waste plastics gradually by landfill in lower floor, thereby lost the photodegradation chance.Because the disposal efficiency is lower, cause polymkeric substance resistates molecular weight after photodegradation to be difficult to by biological degradation on the other hand still than higher.
In recent years, photocatalyst and biodegradation agent are mixed as auxiliary agent, the research for preparing the photo-degradable and bio-degradable plastics film is also a lot.Like Chinese patent " double degradation plastic film and working method thereof (ZL02150992.1) ", its raw materials for production comprise Vilaterm, degraded starch, photodegradation additives, glycerine and ethylene-propylene copolymers.Photodegradation additives can be N, any in the metal-salt of N-dialkyldithiocarbamacompositions, titanium oxide or the quicklime.The ratio of degraded starch is 5-33% in this invention, and the starch-based bio plastics have been proved that starch is degraded in biodegradation process, and polyolefine is fragmentated by disintegration and is scattered in the soil, has increased the difficulty of recycling on the contrary.The elongation at break retention value is vertical 29% after this degradative plastics photodegradation, and is horizontal 12%, and this moment, polyolefinic molecular weight was still bigger, and its resistates can not be continued biological degradation as the carbon source of mikrobe.And the natural law of plastics film after going out of use is to expose in the sun earlier, along with the accumulation of rubbish by landfill compost gradually, produce heat.The plastics that the heat that utilizes garbage compost to produce carries out thermal-oxidative degradation also do not appear in the newspapers at present.
The present invention is with polyolefin plastics and the nano-TiO with photocatalysis property
2, transition metal carboxylate salt with autoxidation property combines, preparation bright dipping-Re oxygen biodegradable plastic can either be in photodegradation under the solar radiation, and the heat energy that can in composting process, produce promote under oxidative degradation.In addition; Method with reference to GB (GB/T 19276.2-2003) is measured the final aerobiont resolving power of film light-thermal-oxidative degradation resistates material in the water-based nutrient solution, has confirmed that the degraded resistates of such polyolefin plastics film can continue to be degraded by microorganisms.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is: simple with nano-TiO
2With and the surface-treated product be the nano-TiO of catalyzer
2Base-polyolefine photodegradable plastics is merely able to by photodegradation such as ultraviolet ray or sunshines, owing to after these kind disposable plastics go out of use, along with the continuous accumulation of rubbish, finished at once in underground back photodegradation by landfill gradually.Therefore it is exposed on the limited time under the irradiate light, and palliating degradation degree is limited.The photodegradation resistates molecular weight of most of product is still higher, can not satisfy the requirement of microbiological deterioration, therefore still can cause environmental pollution and burden.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes the problem that will solve is: on the basis of inorganic nanometer powder photocatalyst; Interpolation-transition metal carboxylate salts etc. are as thermal-oxidative degradation promotor; Make the plastics film of preparation not only can under solar light irradiation, carry out photocatalytic degradation; And can utilize the heat of sanitary fill accumulation to carry out oxidative degradation, therefore improved its degradation property.Its photodegradation or thermal destruction resistates can both continue to be engulfed by mikrobe, thereby reach the final purpose of degraded fully.
The present invention is a kind of light-Re oxygen biodegradable plastic; Contain photocatalyst and thermal-oxidative degradation promotor in these plastics; Its plastics not only can be in photodegradation under the solar radiation; And can promote oxidative degradation down at heat energy, and the resistates of degrading can be engulfed by mikrobe, and its photocatalyst and thermal-oxidative degradation promotor total amount are the 1%-3% of this plastic quality.
Light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastic mass percent of the present invention consists of: photocatalyst 0.5%-1.5%, thermal-oxidative degradation promotor 0.5%-1.5%, Vilaterm oxidized petroleum waves 0.5%-1.5%, polyethylene micropowder 2%-6%; The surplus polyolefine, wherein photocatalyst and thermal-oxidative degradation promotor total amount are 1%-3%.
Light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastic of the present invention, preferred mass per-cent consists of: photocatalyst 1%, thermal-oxidative degradation promotor 1%, Vilaterm oxidized petroleum waves 1%, polyethylene micropowder 4%, surplus polyolefine.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, described polyolefine is meant Vilaterm, Vestolen PP 7052, PS, wherein a kind of or several combinations.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, described photocatalyst is meant anatase octahedrite nano titanium oxide and surperficial titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent modified derivative.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, described thermal-oxidative degradation promotor is meant the transition metal carboxylate salt.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, preferred transition metal carboxylate salt is carboxylic acid molysite or manganese carboxylate salt.
The making method of a kind of light of the present invention-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film, its preparation process: by above-mentioned quality of material per-cent,
1) the two degradation master batchs of preparation light-Re oxygen: photocatalyst, thermal-oxidative degradation promotor, OPE and polyethylene micropowder are mixed in proportion, again through melt extruding granulation;
2) preparation light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film: two degradation master batchs of the light that makes in the step 1)-Re oxygen and polyolefine are mixed, make light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film through the blowing operation then;
Wherein, described polyolefine is meant Vilaterm, Vestolen PP 7052, PS, wherein a kind of or several combinations; Described photocatalyst is meant anatase octahedrite nano titanium oxide and surperficial titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent modified derivative; Described thermal-oxidative degradation promotor is meant the transition metal carboxylate salt, optimization acid's molysite or manganese carboxylate salt.
The device that the present invention prepares the two degradation master batchs of above-mentioned light-Re oxygen is this area multipurpose plant, like duplex bar forcing machine, impeller, Banbury mixer etc.
The blow moulding machine that the present invention prepares above-mentioned light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film is the general device in present technique field.
Advantage of the present invention is: (1) this light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film main body still is polyolefine, does not add starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose etc., and mechanical performance of products is good, can satisfy basic demands such as daily life and agricultural use;
(2) equipment for preparing this light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film is multipurpose plant in this area, and generation technique is ripe, therefore not extra increase production cost;
(3) this light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film not only can carry out photodegradation under solar radiation, and can promote oxidative degradation down at heat energy, so is biodegradable plastic.Its degraded resistates is proved and can be engulfed by mikrobe, thereby reaches degraded fully.
(4) this light-required catalyst content of Re oxygen double degradation plastic film is the 1%-3% of film total mass.
Description of drawings
The infrared spectrogram of Fig. 1 after according to the light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film thermal treatment of instance 1 preparation.
Fig. 2 is according to light-60 days carbonyl index map of Re oxygen double degradation plastic film thermal-oxidative degradation of instance 1 preparation.
Fig. 3 is the biological degradation rate figure of 60% degraded resistates according to the light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film light-thermal-oxidative degradation rate of weight loss of instance 1 preparation.
The infrared spectrogram of Fig. 4 after according to the light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film thermal treatment of instance 2 preparation.
Fig. 5 is according to light-60 days carbonyl index map of Re oxygen double degradation plastic film thermal-oxidative degradation of instance 2 preparations.
Embodiment
Further specify light of the present invention-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film composition, preparation and performance through embodiment below.
Light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastic mass percent consists of the value of appointing in the following ranges among the embodiment: photocatalyst 0.5%-1.5%, thermal-oxidative degradation promotor 0.5%-1.5%, Vilaterm oxidized petroleum waves 0.5%-1.5%, polyethylene micropowder 2%-6%; The surplus polyolefine, wherein photocatalyst and thermal-oxidative degradation promotor total amount are 1%-3%.Described polyolefine is in Vilaterm, Vestolen PP 7052 and PS, to choose any one kind of them or several combinations; Described photocatalyst is selected from anatase octahedrite nano titanium oxide and surperficial titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent modified derivative; Described thermal-oxidative degradation promotor is selected from the transition metal carboxylate salt.Therefore content of the present invention does not receive the restriction of embodiment.
Light-preparation of Re oxygen double degradation plastic film and performance test.
1, the two degradation master batchs of preparation light-Re oxygen: nano-TiO
2(German import P25; Domestic packing), carboxylic acid molysite (Gaomi City, Shandong Province friend with auxiliary agent ltd), polyethylene micropowder (the desirable plastics in Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Ltd.), OPE (Jiangyin City, Jiangsu turns round and look at Shandong wind and synthesizes chemical industry ltd) be that 1:1:1:4 mixes by mass ratio, melt extrudes granulation then.
2, preparation light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film: is that 7:93 mixes with the degradation master batch and the linear low density polyethylene particle (Sinopec Central Plains petrochemical complex Ltd) that obtain in 1 by mass ratio; The mass content of catalyzer this moment in film is 1%, blowing film forming then.The thickness of gained film is 25 ± 5 μ m.
The above-mentioned mechanical properties in films that makes is tested by the method for GB GBT 1040.3-2006, and the pure relatively polyvinylidene film of its elongation at break has improved 6%, and the pure relatively polyvinylidene film of tensile strength has reduced by 18%, but still old 154MPa.The result is following:
Project extension at break degree/Mpa elongation at break/%
LLDPE-P25-Fe 154 352
LLDPE 181 331。
3, the photodegradation of the above-mentioned film that makes: will make film clip 15cm * 7 cm sizes and place irradiation under the uv lamp, uv lamp power is 3 * 30 w, and the distance of film and fluorescent tube is 3 cm.Illumination 12d rear film rate of weight loss is 60 %.
4, the thermal-oxidative degradation of the above-mentioned film that makes: the plastics film clip that makes 10 * 10 cm sizes are placed in the baking oven, and design temperature is 70 ° of C.After the thermal treatment 15 days, the loss of film mechanical property is serious.Detect film at 1 712cm through Fourier infrared spectrograph
-1Strong carbonyl absorption peak appears in the place, and the carbonyl index reaches 34%.Infrared spectrogram is seen Fig. 1, and the carbonyl index map sees 2.
5, the light of the above-mentioned film that makes-thermal-oxidative degradation rate of weight loss is 60% resistates, presses the measuring method of the final aerobiont resolving power of material in the GBT 19276.2-2003 water-based nutrient solution, biological degradation 60 days, and its biological degradation rate can reach 6.5%.The biological degradation curve is seen Fig. 3.
Light-preparation of Re oxygen double degradation plastic film and performance test.
1, two degradation master batch: the TiO of preparation light-Re oxygen
2(German import P25; Domestic packing), manganese carboxylate salt (Gaomi City, Shandong Province friend with auxiliary agent ltd), polyethylene micropowder (the desirable plastics in Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Ltd.), OPE (Jiangyin City, Jiangsu turns round and look at Shandong wind and synthesizes chemical industry ltd) is that 1:1:1:4 mixes by mass ratio, melt extrudes granulation then.
2, preparation light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film: method is with embodiment 1 (also being to use linear low density polyethylene).
3, the above-mentioned mechanical properties in films that makes is tested by the method for GB GBT 1040.3-2006, and the pure relatively polyvinylidene film of its elongation at break and tensile strength slightly reduces, and is respectively 311% and 142MPa.The result is following:
Project fracture tensile strength/Mpa extension at break strain/%
LLDPE-P25-Mn 142 311
LLDPE 182 332 。
4, the photodegradation of the above-mentioned film that makes: method is with instance 1.12 days rear film rate of weight loss of illumination are 35%.
5, the thermal-oxidative degradation of the above-mentioned film that makes: method is with instance 1.. thermal treatment is after 15 days, and the loss of film mechanical property is serious.Detect film at 1 712cm through Fourier infrared spectrograph
-1Strong carbonyl absorption peak appears in the place, and the carbonyl index reaches 41%.Infrared spectrogram is seen Fig. 4, and the carbonyl index map sees 5.
Claims (9)
1. light-Re oxygen biodegradable plastic; It is characterized in that; Contain photocatalyst and thermal-oxidative degradation promotor in these plastics, its plastics not only can be in photodegradation under the solar radiation, and can oxidative degradation under heat energy promotes; The degraded resistates can be engulfed by mikrobe, and its photocatalyst and thermal-oxidative degradation promotor total amount are the 1%-3% of this plastic quality.
2. a kind of light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastic according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; This light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastic mass percent consists of: photocatalyst 0.5%-1.5%, thermal-oxidative degradation promotor 0.5%-1.5%, Vilaterm oxidized petroleum waves 0.5%-1.5%, polyethylene micropowder 2%-6%, surplus polyolefine.
3. light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastic according to claim 2 is characterized in that, this plastic quality per-cent consists of: photocatalyst 1%, thermal-oxidative degradation promotor 1%, Vilaterm oxidized petroleum waves 1%, polyethylene micropowder 4%, surplus polyolefine.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastics, it is characterized in that described polyolefine is meant Vilaterm, Vestolen PP 7052, PS, wherein a kind of or several combinations.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastics, it is characterized in that described photocatalyst is meant anatase octahedrite nano titanium oxide and surperficial titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent modified derivative.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastics, it is characterized in that described thermal-oxidative degradation promotor is meant the transition metal carboxylate salt.
7. light and heat oxygen biodegradable plastic according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described transition metal carboxylate salt is carboxylic acid molysite or manganese carboxylate salt.
8. the making method of light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film is characterized in that: by claim 2 or 3 described quality of material per-cents,
1) the two degradation master batchs of preparation light-Re oxygen: photocatalyst, thermal-oxidative degradation promotor, OPE and polyethylene micropowder are mixed in proportion, again through melt extruding granulation;
2) preparation light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film: two degradation master batchs of the light that makes in the step 1)-Re oxygen and polyolefine are mixed, make light-Re oxygen double degradation plastic film through the blowing operation then;
Wherein, described polyolefine is meant Vilaterm, Vestolen PP 7052, PS, wherein a kind of or several combinations; Described photocatalyst is meant anatase octahedrite nano titanium oxide and surperficial titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent modified derivative; Described thermal-oxidative degradation promotor is meant the transition metal carboxylate salt.
9. the making method of light and heat oxygen double degradation plastic film according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described transition metal carboxylate salt is carboxylic acid molysite or manganese carboxylate salt.
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| CN103642110A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-03-19 | 西南科技大学 | Photo-thermal cooperatively controllably degradable mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN103819594A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-28 | 汕头大学 | Polyolefin plastic light-biodegradable modified additive as well as preparation and application thereof |
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| CN103642110A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-03-19 | 西南科技大学 | Photo-thermal cooperatively controllably degradable mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN103642110B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-12-09 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of photo-thermal works in coordination with controlled degradation mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN103819594A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-28 | 汕头大学 | Polyolefin plastic light-biodegradable modified additive as well as preparation and application thereof |
| CN103819594B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 汕头大学 | A kind of polyolefin plastics optically and biologically degrading property-modifying additive and preparation thereof and application |
| CN103834084A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-04 | 苏州天兼新材料科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly modified high-polymer new material capable of initiating multiple degradation and preparation method thereof |
| CN106220946A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 芜湖凯奥尔环保科技有限公司 | The quickly master batch of photodegradable plastics particle |
| CN112423952B (en) * | 2018-03-25 | 2022-06-17 | 雷迪克塑料公司 | Use of fine minerals in the conversion of non-biodegradable plastics and in the remediation of soil contaminated with non-biodegradable plastics |
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| CN109577100B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-08-24 | 广州泽田餐饮用品实业有限公司 | Photooxygenically degradable polyethylene coated paper and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110028688A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-07-19 | 香港生产力促进局 | A kind of preparation method and applications of degradable poly styrene materials |
| CN110467736A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-19 | 枣阳市东航塑编彩印有限公司 | A kind of biodegradable plastics woven bag production technology |
| CN110467736B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-12-07 | 枣阳市东航塑编彩印有限公司 | Biodegradable plastic woven bag production process |
| CN112280107A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-29 | 上海奥巴迪降解塑料有限公司 | Biodegradable polyolefin plastic composite additive in open land environment and preparation method and application thereof |
| US11926798B2 (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2024-03-12 | Radical Plastics Inc. | Fine mineral matter for upgrading the quality of the products of thermal or catalytic cracking or in-situ heavy oil catalytic cracking |
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| CN115594905A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-13 | 鸿霖国际实业有限公司（Tw） | Degradable polyolefin plastic and application thereof |
| CN114149634A (en) * | 2021-11-28 | 2022-03-08 | 洛阳绿之汇塑料降解科技有限公司 | Natural ecological degradation master batch for high-transparency BOPP (biaxially-oriented Polypropylene) film and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120815 |