CN102625367B - Time slot optimized multichannel multiple-access control method in multi-hop Ad Hoc network - Google Patents
Time slot optimized multichannel multiple-access control method in multi-hop Ad Hoc network Download PDFInfo
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- CN102625367B CN102625367B CN201210064043.7A CN201210064043A CN102625367B CN 102625367 B CN102625367 B CN 102625367B CN 201210064043 A CN201210064043 A CN 201210064043A CN 102625367 B CN102625367 B CN 102625367B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time slot optimized multichannel multiple-access control method in a multi-hop Ad Hoc network. According to the method, the overall data packet transmission process is divided into three stages, namely reservation time slot selection, competition micro time slot section and request-to-send/clear-to-send (RTS/CTS) handshake, and data packet transmission and confirmation. By the method, network throughput is improved in a multi-hop network, and simultaneously the problems of hidden terminals and exposed terminals are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology, be specifically related to the multichannel multiple access connection control method that in multi-hop Ad Hoc network, time slot is optimized.
Background technology
IEEE802.11DCF agreement, provides distributed access control, is to obtain paying close attention to one of maximum agreement in the research of Ad Hoc Medium Access Control Protocols and application.IEEE802.11DCF agreement is the Carrier Sense Multiple Access of avoiding with conflict based on CSMA/CA() machine-processed MAC agreement.This agreement adopts shares single-channel pattern, shakes hands for twice or RTS-CTS-DATA-ACK 4-Way Handshake mechanism completes the access procedure of distributed data business by DATA-ACK, and wherein 4-Way Handshake mechanism has solved concealed terminal and exposed terminal problem substantially.Meanwhile, avoid sharing with the technology control such as random back the conflict of data message under single-channel mode by carrier sense, conflict.The core mechanism of DCF comprises: handshake mechanism, carrier sense mechanism, interFrameGap and random back mechanism.It is its maximum shortcomings that this agreement can not effectively be utilized bandwidth resources in the time that system load is larger.
DBTMA agreement is used busy-back signal (BTs and BTr) notice neighbors effectively to alleviate packet conflict, but need to add extra transceiver, and takies certain bandwidth; DBTMA agreement is not considered the problem of concealed terminal yet.
The data that PCDC agreement reduces interfering nodes by power ratio control have solved the problem of concealed terminal, but do not consider the problem of exposed terminal.
The method that DCMA-CSBI agreement is broadcasted busy indication bag by use has solved the conflict of concealed terminal transmission data, but can not receive data.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcomings and deficiencies of prior art, the object of the invention is to design a kind of multichannel multiple access connection control method that in multi-hop Ad Hoc network, time slot is optimized that is applicable to, the method has improved network throughput under multihop network, has solved the problem of concealed terminal and exposed terminal simultaneously.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by the following technical solutions: the multichannel multiple access connection control method that in multi-hop Ad Hoc network, time slot is optimized, comprises the following steps:
The first step, reservation Slot selection: shake hands while transmission if listen to the RTS/CTS of conflict, sending node is just kept out of the way next one reservation time slot and is continued to attempt RTS grouping transmission, do not receive CTS grouping for the 1st time, transmit leg is first intercepted 1 packet sending time slots of Common Control Channel (CCH), if recipient does not does not receive and dispatch RTS or CTS grouping during this period, just in the reservation time slot after this packet sending time slots finishes, send RTS reservation, for repeatedly still not receiving CTS grouping, sending node sends the K after attempting unsuccessfully in this packet
mAXreservation time slot of the medium general selection of individual reservation time slot, attempts retransmitting this packet;
Second step, competition mini-slot selects and RTS/CTS shakes hands: in the time that the reservation time slot of sending node on CCH starts, there is packet will send to certain neighbors, before sending RTS, to select one to divide into groups to send as RTS the time starting at random from the NMS of current reservation time slot competition mini-slot, and competition mini-slot before intercepting before sending RTS grouping, send control packet if all do not listen to other nodes in the competition mini-slot before its selected competition mini-slot arrives, this sending node just starts to send RTS grouping and carries out channel booking on selected competition mini-slot so, and treat that receiving node replys CTS grouping CCH is first-class, otherwise while keeping out of the way the arrival of next one reservation time slot, then re-start reservation, if receiving node correctly receives RTS grouping, it just replys CTS grouping at once so,
The 3rd step, packet sends and confirms: if sending node is correctly received CTS grouping in official hour, preengage successfully, forward the upper ensuring escapement from confliction transmission packet on corresponding packet sending time slots of tentation data channel (DCH) to, after receiving node is correctly received, reply ACK grouping and carry out successfully confirmation of receipt, thereby complete a complete packet process of transmitting;
Described K
mAXbe the number of an artificial reservation time slot of setting in the time setting up network, general selection such as described grade refers at K
mAXin individual time slot with identical probability selection 0-K
mAXbetween a time slot; Described NMS is the number of the artificial mini-slot of setting in the time setting up network.
Described second step comprises the following steps:
S21, select one and keep out of the way mini-slot at random in selected reservation time slot;
Whether S22, judgement are kept out of the way mini-slot and are arrived;
Arrive if S23 keeps out of the way mini-slot, and listened to node and send RTS/CTS and shake hands, keep out of the way next one reservation time slot, then return to step S2; If keep out of the way mini-slot arrive, and do not listened to node send RTS/CTS shake hands, the RTS/CTS that intercepts control channel shakes hands, and then returns to step S3;
If S24 keep out of the way mini-slot arrive, and do not listened to node send RTS/CTS shake hands, send RTS and preengage;
If S25 recipient receives RTS, and recipient listens to the right reservation of other nodes, is in and keeps out of the way the stage, and recipient replys CTS;
Described the 3rd step comprises the following steps:
If S31 transmit leg is received CTS, preengage successfully, recipient, transmit leg both sides are switched to the transmission of carrying out packet on corresponding data channel, and transmit leg sends DATA;
If S32 recipient receives DATA, recipient replys ACK; Transmit leg receives after ACK, and DATA sends successfully, completes once communication and meets.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1, the method that the present invention proposes is optimized and revised by the time slot of common signal channel (CCH) and Traffic Channel (TCH), make the packet on channel booking and the data channel on control channel send perfect matching, i.e. grouping on CCH and TCH transmission reaches balance, does not all waste correlated channels resource, has solved the bottleneck problem of control channel.
2, the time slot prioritization scheme adopting in the method that the present invention proposes also makes used data channel corresponding with the reservation time slot of control channel, having realized default data channel selects, thereby do not need too much to intercept control channel or data channel and retain channel status result, do not need to set up Channel Status Table, do not need to change RTS/CTS frame format and add therein to consult selected channel, do not need to adopt unnecessary control packet to carry out channel booking and confirmation, do not need to set up NAV according to control packets such as detecing receipts RTS/CTS and keep out of the way the phase, greatly save relevant communication, storage and computing cost, avoid channel to use the out-of-date or wrong packet collisions problem causing of information.
3, in the present invention, each sending node only need to be intercepted NTCH reservation time slot (i.e. 1 packet sending time slots) just can know whether its receiving node is is receiving and dispatching grouping, only need intercept own selected that reservation time slot, can determine whether and need to send RTS grouping, if and after RTS/CTS shakes hands successfully, can complete conflict free packet and send on the corresponding TCH of this reservation time slot.The dual reservation avoidance mechanism that adopts reservation time slot and competition mini-slot, can effectively solve concealed terminal and exposed terminal problem in multihop network, improves access efficiency and network multiple access performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sequential chart of connection control method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is connection control method flow chart.
In Fig. 1, CCH is reservation channel; DCH is data channel; RTS is reserve requests signal; CTS is reservation answer signal; DATA is the packet that will send; ACK is data receiver successful respond signal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
The present invention uses multichannel strategy, each node uses a Common Control Channel (CCH) transmission control packet (RTS grouping, CTS grouping), use multiple data channels (DCH) transmission of data packets (DATA) and confirm grouping (ACK), and the number of establishing data channel is N
dCH.Only some is operated in the transceiver of semiduplex mode to each node, if do not have associated packets to send on DCH and CCH, on CCH, detects and receives RTS and the CTS grouping that adjacent node sends.
The method that the present invention proposes by time shaft be divided on reservation stage on CCH and DCH without colliding data grouping transmission phase.In the methods of the invention, CCH and DCH are divided into respectively to time slot one by one, in the reservation time slot on CCH, send RTS/CTS grouping and preengage, then on the packet sending time slots of predetermined DCH, send DATA and divide into groups and confirm.
The present invention comprises transmitting time and 2 short interFrameGaps (SIFS) of competition mini-slot, RTS and CTS grouping that NMS length is TMS at each CCH reservation time slot, SIFS comprises signal round trip propagation time, receiver processing time, transmitting-receiving change-over time and necessary guard time.Each DCH time slot comprises transmitting time and 2 SIFS times of DATA and ACK grouping.
Fig. 1 is as sequential chart of the present invention.In the method proposing in the present invention, CCH and DCH are divided into respectively to time slot one by one, in the reservation time slot on CCH, send RTS/CTS grouping and preengage, then on the packet sending time slots of predetermined DCH, send DATA and divide into groups and confirm.Each CCH reservation time slot comprises transmitting time and 2 short interFrameGaps (SIFS) of competition mini-slot, RTS and CTS grouping that NMS length is TMS, and SIFS comprises signal round trip propagation time, receiver processing time, transmitting-receiving change-over time and necessary guard time.Each DCH time slot comprises transmitting time and 2 SIFS times of DATA and ACK grouping.The wherein transfer rate R on CCH
cCHwith the transfer rate R on DCH
dCHcan equate, also can be unequal, can be according to the transmitted self adaptation such as block length, applied occasion adjustment.
Whole packet process of transmitting is divided into reservation Slot selection, the selection of competition mini-slot to the method that the present invention proposes and RTS/CTS shakes hands, packet sends and confirm 3 stages.
Described reservation Slot selection process is as follows: to the first transmission of new generation packet, preengage time slot or successfully send the 1st reservation time slot after a packet for the 1st after sending node selects this grouping to produce, get started packet process of transmitting, in process of transmitting, need time slot to preengage selection.Shake hands while transmission if listen to the RTS/CTS of conflict, sending node is just kept out of the way next one reservation time slot continuation trial RTS grouping and is sent.Do not receive that for the 1st time CTS divides into groups, transmit leg is first intercepted CCH1 packet sending time slots, if recipient does not does not receive and dispatch RTS or CTS grouping during this period, just in the reservation time slot after this packet sending time slots finishes, sends RTS reservation.For repeatedly still not receiving CTS grouping, sending node sends the K after attempting unsuccessfully in this packet
mAXreservation time slot of the medium general selection of individual reservation time slot, attempts retransmitting the process of this packet.Described K
mAXbe the number of an artificial reservation time slot of setting in the time setting up network, general selection such as described grade refers at K
mAXin individual time slot with identical probability selection 0-K
mAXbetween a time slot.
Described competition mini-slot selection and RTS/CTS handshake procedure are as follows: in the time that the reservation time slot of sending node on CCH starts, there is packet will send to certain neighbors, select one grouping sends the time starting as RTS will be from the NMS of current reservation time slot competition mini-slot at random sending before RTS, and sending the competition mini-slot of RTS before intercepting before dividing into groups.Send control packet if all do not listen to other nodes in the competition mini-slot before its selected competition mini-slot arrives, this sending node just starts to send RTS grouping and carries out channel booking on selected competition mini-slot so, and treats that receiving node replys CTS grouping CCH is first-class; Otherwise while keeping out of the way the arrival of next one reservation time slot, then re-start reservation.If receiving node correctly receives RTS grouping, it just replys CTS grouping at once so.Described NMS is the number of the artificial mini-slot of setting in the time setting up network.
Described packet transmission and confirmation process are as follows: if sending node can correctly be received CTS grouping in official hour, illustrate and preengage successfully, just forward the upper ensuring escapement from confliction transmission packet on corresponding packet sending time slots of predetermined DCH to.After receiving node is correctly received, reply ACK grouping and carry out successfully confirmation of receipt, thereby complete a complete packet process of transmitting.
In the present embodiment, the flow chart of connection control method of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, on control channel, intercept RTS/CTS and shake hands, if there is packet to send, select at random a reservation time slot;
S2, select one and keep out of the way mini-slot at random in selected reservation time slot;
Whether S3, judgement are kept out of the way mini-slot and are arrived;
Arrive if S4 keeps out of the way mini-slot, and listened to node and send RTS/CTS and shake hands, keep out of the way next one reservation time slot, then return to step S2; If keep out of the way mini-slot arrive, and do not listened to node send RTS/CTS shake hands, the RTS/CTS that intercepts control channel shakes hands, and then returns to step S3;
If S5 keep out of the way mini-slot arrive, and do not listened to node send RTS/CTS shake hands, send RTS and preengage;
If S6 recipient receives RTS, and recipient listens to the right reservation of other nodes, is in and keeps out of the way the stage, and recipient replys CTS;
If S7 transmit leg is received CTS, preengage successfully, recipient, transmit leg both sides are switched to the transmission of carrying out packet on corresponding data channel, and transmit leg sends DATA;
If S8 recipient receives DATA, recipient replys ACK; Transmit leg receives after ACK, and DATA sends successfully, completes once communication and meets.
Wherein, the reservation Slot selection stage is step S1, and step S2-6 main composition competition mini-slot is selected and RTS/CTS handshake phase, the packet transmission of step S7-8 main composition and the stage of recognition.
Above-described embodiment is preferably execution mode of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the multichannel multiple access connection control method that in multi-hop Ad Hoc network, time slot is optimized, it is characterized in that, by time shaft be divided on reservation stage on Common Control Channel CCH and data channel DCH without colliding data grouping transmission phase, CCH and DCH are divided into respectively to time slot one by one, in reservation time slot on CCH, sending RTS/CTS grouping preengages, then on the packet sending time slots of predetermined DCH, send packet and confirm, each CCH reservation time slot comprises the transmitting time of RTS and CTS grouping, 2 short interFrameGap SIFS and N
mSindividual length is T
mScompetition mini-slot, SIFS comprises signal round trip propagation time, receiver processing time, transmitting-receiving change-over time and necessary guard time; Each DCH time slot comprises transmitting time and 2 SIFS times of packet and ACK grouping; In wherein said multi-hop Ad Hoc network, the multichannel multiple access connection control method of time slot optimization comprises the following steps:
The first step, reservation Slot selection: to the first transmission of new generation packet, preengage time slot or successfully send the 1st reservation time slot after a packet for the 1st after sending node selects this packet to produce, get started packet process of transmitting, in process of transmitting, need time slot to preengage selection; If listening to the RTS/CTS of conflict shakes hands while transmission, sending node is just kept out of the way next one reservation time slot and is continued to attempt RTS grouping transmission, do not receive CTS grouping for the 1st time, transmit leg is first intercepted packet sending time slots of CCH, if recipient does not does not receive and dispatch RTS or CTS grouping during this period, just in the reservation time slot after this packet sending time slots finishes, send RTS reservation, for repeatedly still not receiving CTS grouping, sending node sends the K after attempting unsuccessfully in this packet
mAXreservation time slot of the medium general selection of individual reservation time slot, attempts retransmitting this packet;
Second step, competition mini-slot selects and RTS/CTS shakes hands: in the time that the reservation time slot of sending node on CCH starts, there is packet will send to certain neighbors, will be from the N of current reservation time slot before sending RTS
mSin individual competition mini-slot, as RTS, grouping sends the time starting in one of random selection, and competition mini-slot before intercepting before sending RTS grouping, send control packet if all do not listen to other nodes in the competition mini-slot before its selected competition mini-slot arrives, this sending node just starts to send RTS grouping and carries out channel booking on selected competition mini-slot so, and treats that receiving node replys CTS grouping CCH is first-class; Otherwise while keeping out of the way the arrival of next one reservation time slot, then re-start reservation; If receiving node correctly receives RTS grouping, it just replys CTS grouping at once so;
The 3rd step, packet sends and confirms: if sending node is correctly received CTS grouping in official hour, preengage successfully, forward the upper ensuring escapement from confliction transmission packet on corresponding packet sending time slots of predetermined DCH to, after receiving node is correctly received, reply ACK grouping and carry out successfully confirmation of receipt, thereby complete a complete packet process of transmitting;
Described K
mAXbe the number of an artificial reservation time slot of setting in the time setting up network, general selection such as described grade refers at K
mAXin individual time slot with identical probability selection 0-K
mAXbetween a time slot; Described N
mSfor the number of the artificial mini-slot of setting in the time setting up network.
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| CN105493559B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2019-07-09 | 哈曼国际工业有限公司 | Slot selection method and system in wireless communication |
| WO2015032250A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-12 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Time slot selection in wireless communication |
| US9560674B2 (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-01-31 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Virtual busy-tone for full-duplex wireless networks |
| CN105141544B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-12-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of data distributing method in car networking |
| CN106130860B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-05-28 | 广东工业大学 | The MAC cut-in method of nonopiate multiple access self-organizing network |
| CN107295566B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2020-01-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hierarchical multiple access method and device with collision avoidance in space-to-air vehicle network |
| CN107864516B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-12-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | Multi-address access method suitable for density non-uniform state QoS hard guarantee |
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