CN102621887A - Garment sewing process analysis and combination method - Google Patents
Garment sewing process analysis and combination method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a garment sewing process analysis and combination method which comprises the following steps of: calculating the beat of a garment production line; calculating the dependence process number and influence value of each process according to a garment process flow chart, and marking the process of which all dependence process numbers are 0 as P; sequentially taking a process from P, and searching for all combinations in the same branch and P according to the combination rules by taking the process as the current process; judging whether each combination meets the beat requirements; if a combined process meeting the beat requirements exists, taking the combination with the maximum sum of influence from all combinations as the currently searched combination; otherwise, taking the combination most approaching to the beat requirements from all combinations not meeting the beat requirements as the currently searched combination; and re-calculating the dependence process number for the unselected process in the combination, and performing the next round of combination screening. Through the method, the garment production line is basically balanced, the idle time of each station can be reduced, the uniform load of stations is realized, and the time loss ratio of the production line is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of streamline operation combined method, relate in particular to a kind of garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method.
Background technology
In clothing industry production, the clothes process flow chart is the basic data of garment sewing production line, and the clothes process flow chart is represented the whole process of making from the garment piece to clothes, has comprised processing technology order, method, devices and other information.Because do not wait the process time of basic working procedure, causes the clothes streamline phenomenon to occur parking and waiting for, reduced production efficiency.Smooth for the clothes streamline is produced, the clothes streamline must make up the operation in the process flow chart by beat, thereby makes every bit manipulation workman's working time equal basically, makes the clothes streamline reach balance.
The balance of clothing production line is to improve the key element of clothing production line production efficiency, is the important indicator of estimating a production line quality.The balance of clothes streamline can be considered from two aspects; First carries out the combination of clothes basic working procedure according to the beat of streamline exactly; Form an initial production operation, the quality of initial production operation establishment has direct influence to actual production and dynamic management; The secondth, the dynamic management of clothing production line.
The balance of clothes operation mainly is to adopt manual method at present, is with the manual establishment of streamline managerial personnel's experience.The clothes streamline balance of this method establishment is relatively poor, goods often occur and transmits problems such as adverse current is intersected, the busy spare time of workman is uneven, life cycle of the product is long, capacity utilization is low.The method of employing traditional hand analysis and clustered operation is efficient not only, and should not find optimum combination, also is unfavorable for adapting to the market demand of present short run, many kinds.
Clothes operation combinatorial problem belongs to combinatorial optimization problem; Though can pass through dynamic programming method; Methods such as branch and bound method solve combinatorial optimization problem, but the objective function of these methods all is defined as linearity, yet in clothes operation combinatorial problem; Its objective function be non-linear and the variable that relates to too many, solution space is too huge.At present, the method that is used for clothes procedure analysis and combination mainly contains following two kinds of methods.
First method is to adopt genetic algorithm, and this method is to utilize genetic algorithm in the intelligence computation to solve the equilibrium problem of clothes operation.Be described as clothes operation equilibrium problem in the method: clothes processing is made up of multiple working procedure in a certain order; If the per pass operation is accomplished by a workman, because of per pass working procedure processing content is different different with everyone speciality, they accomplish this operation and take time also different; So how to distribute this multiple working procedure to everyone; Make whole work institute's time spent of completion the shortest? Adopt genetic algorithm can obtain result preferably, but there is precocity in genetic algorithm itself, local search ability is not enough and direction-free shortcoming, and the selection of crossover probability and variation probability is the key that influences genetic algorithm behavior and performance; Directly influence convergence; To different optimization problems, need experiment repeatedly to confirm crossover probability and variation probability, this is a loaded down with trivial details job.Utilize genetic algorithm to solve that the description to problem does not conform to actual conditions in the clothes operation equilibrium problem in addition; Also restrict its practicality; Actual conditions are known the beat of streamline often, how need to confirm to make that the clothes process line is smoothly by clustered operation.
Second method is earlier the clothes process flow chart to be simplified, regeneration directed networks figure, and then determine priority area, and last, utilize precedence relationship and priority area and combination range to organize into groups.This method when operation makes up for process time of making each station as far as possible near beat, make up different work posts, still, people's multimachine situation can appear in this kind method, just a people will operate the situation of two or more machine.
Therefore, to above-mentioned technical matters, be necessary to provide a kind of new garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method, to overcome above-mentioned defective.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of combination of the clothes streamline that do not flow backwards, make the clothes streamline reach in a basic balance, effectively reduce the rate loss of time of streamline.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
S1: calculate and accomplish a clothes required time, the unit of obtaining is the time value S of second, calculates and accomplishes the required number of clothes, obtains people's numerical value A, calculates the beat W of clothes streamline through formula W=S/A;
S2: process required operation and sequencing manufacturing clothes process flow chart based on clothes; Per pass operation in the clothes process flow chart is numbered; And each branch in the clothes process flow chart specified a unique numbering, utilize those numberings with clothes process flow chart digitized processing and form a data structure;
S3: according to the dependence operation of the digitalized clothing process flow chart calculation process among the step S2 and by the influence power value F that other operations relied on, the dependence operation is meant will process the preceding working procedure that must accomplish before this operation, is an operation set, is designated as P
D, P
DThe number of middle element is called the dependence process number, and the value of F equals all operation sums that this operation had dependence;
S4: getting all dependence process numbers is zero operation, is designated as P;
S5: getting an operation among the P from step S4, is current operation with this operation, according to rule of combination, in same branch and P, seeks all combinations, writes down each combination and judges whether to meet the beat requirement;
S6: when meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement; The combination of getting influence power sum maximum in all combinations is as the current combination that searches out; When not meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, get in all combinations that do not meet the beat requirement the combination that requires near beat as the current combination that searches out;
S7: the operation in the not selected combination is relied on the calculating of operation again, carry out the screening of next round combination, dispose until whole operations.
Preferably; In above-mentioned garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method, the beat among the said step S1 comprises the beat upper limit and beat lower limit, according to streamline establishment definitions of efficiency; The beat upper limit=streamline beat/establishment efficient, beat lower limit=2* beat-beat upper limit.
Preferably, in above-mentioned garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method, the data structure among the said step S2 comprises following several sections:
S21: the operation sequence number is used to represent the numbering of clothes operation;
S22: processing type is used to represent the processing mode of this operation;
S23: be used for expression and accomplish this operation required time process time, unit is second;
S24: place branch is used to the branch that representes that this operation belongs to;
S25: parent branch is used to the branch that representes that this operation place branch inserts;
S26: the position, insertion point is used to represent this operation place branch inserts parent branch in which position.
Preferably, in above-mentioned garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method, the rule of combination that the clothes operation among the said step S5 adopts comprises:
S51: clothing production line does not flow backwards in the transmission of goods;
S52: the operation in the same branch is combined as far as possible;
S53: the time of clustered operation is as much as possible near beat or be the integral multiple of beat;
S54: have only the identical operation of processing type to make up;
S55: meet in the combination of beat, what the influence power sum was big pays the utmost attention to.
Can find out from technique scheme; The garment sewing procedure analysis and the combined method of the embodiment of the invention make the clothes streamline reach in a basic balance, can reduce the free time of each station; Make between the station and load evenly, effectively reduce the rate loss of time of streamline.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing relevant of the present invention in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the operation combination flow chart of specific embodiment in garment sewing procedure analysis of the present invention and the combined method;
Fig. 2 is a portion of garment process flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to enhance productivity, the production of clothes streamline must be satisfied three basic demands: (1) is reasonably given each station work allocation by the operation sequencing, avoids occurring flowing backwards and crossover phenomenon; (2) activity duration of each station will be as far as possible near beat; (3) each station free time will be lacked, and makes between the station load evenly, and is minimum to guarantee the streamline rate loss of time.
Based on above-mentioned three basic demands, the invention discloses a kind of garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method, comprising: the beat that calculates the clothes streamline; Calculate the influence power value of each operation and rely on process number according to the clothes process flow chart, getting all, to rely on process numbers be that 0 operation is designated as P; From P, getting an operation successively, is current operation with this operation, in same branch and P, seeks all combinations according to rule of combination; Judge whether each combination meets the beat requirement; When meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement; The combination of getting influence power sum maximum in all combinations is as the current combination that searches out; When not meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, get in all combinations that do not meet the beat requirement the combination that requires near beat as the current combination that searches out; Operation in the not selected combination is recomputated the dependence process number, carry out the screening of next round combination.Method of the present invention is on the basis of clothes streamline basic demand; The proposition of novelty the digitizing solution of clothes process flow diagrams, the dependence operation of operation and the notion and the computing method of influence power; Guaranteeing under the situation that the goods transmission is not flow backwards, the clothes operation to be carried out optimum combination in conjunction with rule of combination.Through using this method, make the clothes streamline reach in a basic balance, can reduce the free time of each station, make between the station and load evenly, effectively reduce the rate loss of time of streamline.
To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is carried out detailed description, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skills are obtained under the prerequisite of not making creative work belongs to the scope that the present invention protects.
Garment sewing procedure analysis of the present invention and combined method, it comprises the steps:
S1: calculate and accomplish a clothes required time, the unit of obtaining is the time value S of second, calculates and accomplishes the required number of clothes, obtains people's numerical value A, calculates the beat W of clothes streamline through formula W=S/A;
S2: process required operation and sequencing manufacturing clothes process flow chart based on clothes; Per pass operation in the clothes process flow chart is numbered; And each branch in the clothes process flow chart specified a unique numbering, utilize those numberings with clothes process flow chart digitized processing and form a data structure;
S3: according to the dependence operation of the digitalized clothing process flow chart calculation process among the step S2 and by the influence power value F that other operations relied on, the dependence operation is meant will process the preceding working procedure that must accomplish before this operation, is an operation set, is designated as P
D, P
DThe number of middle element is called the dependence process number, and the value of F equals all operation sums that this operation had dependence;
S4: getting all dependence process numbers is zero operation, is designated as P;
S5: getting an operation among the P from step S4, is current operation with this operation, according to rule of combination, in same branch and P, seeks all combinations, writes down each combination and judges whether to meet the beat requirement;
S6: when meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement; The combination of getting influence power sum maximum in all combinations is as the current combination that searches out; When not meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, get in all combinations that do not meet the beat requirement the combination that requires near beat as the current combination that searches out;
S7: the operation in the not selected combination is relied on the calculating of operation again, carry out the screening of next round combination, dispose until whole operations.
Further, the beat among the step S1 comprises the beat upper limit and beat lower limit, according to streamline establishment definitions of efficiency, the beat upper limit=streamline beat/establishment efficient, beat lower limit=2* beat-beat upper limit.Should be on the streamline establishment efficiency principle more than or equal to 85%.It is to be lower than 85% that some inefficient streamlines are also arranged certainly.Do not limit concrete establishment efficiency value in this present invention, any numerical value is all within protection scope of the present invention.
Further, the clothes process flow chart representes that clothes process required operation and sequencing, and generally, the clothes process flow chart is similar to a tree because be made up of a lot of branches.For the ease of analyzing and treatment process; Described in above-mentioned step S2; At first the clothes process flow diagram is numbered, the designated unique numbering of each branch has designed a new data structure and has represented each operation in the clothes process flow chart; This data structure has comprised all information of operation, and this data structure comprises following several sections:
S21: the operation sequence number, be used to represent the numbering of clothes operation, require an operation numbering in the branch to number by ascending order from top to bottom in principle;
S22: processing type is used to represent the processing mode of this operation;
S23: be used for expression and accomplish this operation required time process time, unit is second;
S24: place branch is used to the branch that representes that this operation belongs to;
S25: parent branch is used to the branch that representes that this operation place branch inserts;
S26: the position, insertion point is used to represent this operation place branch inserts parent branch in which position.
Further; The influence power of an operation equals all among the above-mentioned steps S3 has the operation of dependence total to this operation, and the purposes of influence power is to be used for representing the influence degree of operation to subsequent handling, and influence power is big more; Show that the more operation of this operation relies on; If this operation is not handled, all its operations of dependence all can not be handled so, that is to say to be used for showing that those operations combinations should priority processing.
Further, among the above-mentioned steps S3, when the dependence operation of certain operation is zero, show that this operation can be processed, do not need other any operation advanced processing.
Further, the rule of combination that the clothes operation among the above-mentioned steps S5 adopts is the restriction condition of clothes basic working procedure combination, and rule of combination can increase and decrease according to actual needs, and the rule of combination that the present invention relates to comprises:
S51: clothing production line does not flow backwards in the transmission of goods;
S52: the operation in the same branch is combined as far as possible;
S53: the time of clustered operation is as much as possible near beat or be the integral multiple of beat;
S54: have only the identical operation of processing type to make up;
S55: meet in the combination of beat, what the influence power sum was big pays the utmost attention to.
Concrete, said method once can only be selected a combination.What at first consider is in meeting the combination that beat requires, to select the maximum combination of influence power; If do not meet the combination of beat requirement; So just do not meet in the combination of beat requirement the combination that requires near beat at all, the combination that remaining influence power is less or do not meet that beat requires and not with other approaching combinations of beat in operation participate in the combined sorting of next round again.
Innovative point of the present invention is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(1) digitizing solution of clothes process flow diagram;
(2) the dependence operation of clothes operation and the calculating of influence power;
(3) according to rule of combination, the operation that the clothes basic working procedure is not flow backwards makes up.
The principle of work of garment sewing procedure analysis of the present invention and combined method is: the beat that at first calculates the clothes streamline; Process required operation and sequencing manufacturing clothes process flow chart according to clothes then; Calculate the influence power value of each operation and rely on process number according to the clothes process flow chart, getting all, to rely on process numbers be that 0 operation is designated as P; From P, get an operation successively; With this operation is current operation, according to rule of combination, in same branch and P; Seek all possible combination; Write down each combination simultaneously and judge whether to meet the beat requirement, when meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, the combination of getting influence power sum maximum in all combinations is as the current combination that searches out; When not meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, get in all combinations that do not meet the beat requirement the combination that requires near beat as the current combination that searches out; This flow process is selected a satisfactory combination after finishing, and then the operation in not satisfactory other combinations is recomputated the dependence process number, carries out the screening of next round combination, disposes until whole operations.
Below in conjunction with a concrete embodiment concrete description is carried out in garment sewing procedure analysis of the present invention and combined method.
The clothes of present embodiment are woman style jacket.The process flow chart of this woman style jacket (part) is as shown in Figure 2, and its digitalized clothing process flow is as shown in table 1, and is as shown in table 2 according to the combined result that garment sewing procedure analysis of the present invention and combined method obtain.In the present embodiment, this garment sewing lines scheduling beat is 45 seconds, and this parameter changes with different enterprises situation; The calculating of bound is calculated according to streamline establishment efficient, should be on the streamline establishment efficiency principle more than or equal to 85%, and this example gets 85%, is limited to 53 seconds on it, is limited to 37 seconds down.Rule of combination is: do not flow backwards in the goods transmission on (1) clothing production line; (2) operation in the same branch is combined as far as possible; (3) time of clustered operation is as much as possible near beat or be the integral multiple of beat; (4) have only the identical operation of processing type to make up; (5) meet in the combination of beat, what the influence power sum was big pays the utmost attention to.
Table 1 digitalized clothing process flow chart
Procedure analysis of table 2 garment sewing and combined result
| The station sequence number | Station | Operation | | Beat | Number | |
| 1 | |
35，24，1 | 47 | 45 | 1 | |
| 2 | |
44，5，2 | 77 | 45 | 2 | |
| 3 | Flat seam machine | 10，11 | 40 | 45 | 1 | |
| 4 | |
12，6 | 85 | 45 | 2 | |
| 5 | Manual | 45，25，13 | 42 | 45 | 1 | |
| 6 | |
15，3 | 62 | 45 | 1 | |
| 7 | Flat seam machine | 19，16 | 50 | 45 | 1 | |
| 8 | Double needle machine | 20，17 | 44 | 45 | 1 | |
| 9 | In courage make | 27 | 238 | 45 | 5 | |
| 10 | |
42，37，4，38 | 64 | 45 | 1 | |
| 11 | |
7 | 51 | 45 | 1 | |
| 12 | Flat seam machine | 8 | 47 | 45 | 1 | |
| 13 | Flat seam machine | 9，14 | 112 | 45 | 3 | |
| 14 | Flat seam machine | 18，21 | 68 | 45 | 2 | |
| 15 | Double needle machine | 22 | 38 | 45 | 1 | |
| 16 | Flat seam machine | 23 | 37 | 45 | 1 | |
| 17 | Flat seam machine | 26 | 45 | 45 | 1 | |
| 18 | Flat seam machine | 34 | 56 | 45 | 1 | |
| 19 | Double needle machine | 36 | 59 | 45 | 1 | |
| 20 | Flat seam machine | 39，40 | 75 | 45 | 2 | |
| 21 | Flat seam machine | 41 | 44 | 45 | 1 | |
| 22 | Flat seam machine | 43 | 48 | 45 | 1 | |
| 23 | Flat seam machine | 46，47 | 113 | 45 | 3 | |
| 24 | Manual | 48 | 35 | 45 | 1 | |
| 25 | Double needle machine | 49 | 44 | 45 | 1 | |
| 26 | Flat seam machine | 50 | 15 | 45 | 1 |
As shown in Figure 1, the principle of work of present embodiment is: the beginning treatment scheme, judge whether all process steps is handled, and if do not handle, finding out all dependence process numbers is that 0 operation is designated as P; From P, get an operation successively; With this operation is current operation, according to rule of combination, in same branch and P; Seek all possible combination; Write down each combination simultaneously and judge whether to meet the beat requirement, when meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, the combination of getting influence power sum maximum in all combinations is as the current combination that searches out; When not meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, get in all combinations that do not meet the beat requirement the combination that requires near beat as the current combination that searches out; This flow process is selected a satisfactory combination after finishing, and then the operation in not satisfactory other combinations is recomputated the dependence process number, carries out the screening of next round combination, disposes until whole operations.
Garment sewing procedure analysis of the present invention and combined method are on the basis of clothes streamline basic demand; The proposition of novelty the digitizing solution of clothes process flow diagrams, the dependence operation of operation and the notion and the computing method of influence power; Guaranteeing in conjunction with rule of combination the clothes operation to be carried out optimum combination under the situation that the goods transmission is not flow backwards.Through using this method, make the clothes streamline reach in a basic balance, can reduce the free time of each station, make between the station and load evenly, effectively reduce the rate loss of time of streamline.
Method provided by the invention is prone to realization on computers, thereby can improve clothes streamline management level, has vast market prospect.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned example embodiment, and under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, can realize the present invention with other concrete form.Therefore; No matter from which point; All should regard embodiment as exemplary; And be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited accompanying claims rather than above-mentioned explanation, therefore is intended to the implication of the equivalents that drops on claim and all changes in the scope are included in the present invention.Should any Reference numeral in the claim be regarded as limit related claim.
In addition; Describing according to embodiment though should be appreciated that this instructions, is not that each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme; This narrating mode of instructions only is for clarity sake; Those skilled in the art should make instructions as a whole, and the technical scheme among each embodiment also can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that through appropriate combination.
Claims (4)
1. garment sewing procedure analysis and combined method, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
S1: calculate and accomplish a clothes required time, the unit of obtaining is the time value S of second, calculates and accomplishes the required number of clothes, obtains people's numerical value A, calculates the beat W of clothes streamline through formula W=S/A;
S2: process required operation and sequencing manufacturing clothes process flow chart based on clothes; Per pass operation in the clothes process flow chart is numbered; And each branch in the clothes process flow chart specified a unique numbering, utilize those numberings with clothes process flow chart digitized processing and form a data structure;
S3: according to the dependence operation of the digitalized clothing process flow chart calculation process among the step S2 and by the influence power value F that other operations relied on, the dependence operation is meant will process the preceding working procedure that must accomplish before this operation, is an operation set, is designated as P
D, P
DThe number of middle element is called the dependence process number, and the value of F equals all operation sums that this operation had dependence;
S4: getting all dependence process numbers is zero operation, is designated as P;
S5: getting an operation among the P from step S4, is current operation with this operation, according to rule of combination, in same branch and P, seeks all combinations, writes down each combination and judges whether to meet the beat requirement;
S6: when meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement; The combination of getting influence power sum maximum in all combinations is as the current combination that searches out; When not meeting the clustered operation of beat requirement, get in all combinations that do not meet the beat requirement the combination that requires near beat as the current combination that searches out;
S7: the operation in the not selected combination is relied on the calculating of operation again, carry out the screening of next round combination, dispose until whole operations.
2. according to said garment sewing procedure analysis of claim 1 and combined method; It is characterized in that: the beat among the said step S1 comprises the beat upper limit and beat lower limit; According to streamline establishment definitions of efficiency, the beat upper limit=streamline beat/establishment efficient, beat lower limit=2* beat-beat upper limit.
3. according to said garment sewing procedure analysis of claim 1 and combined method, it is characterized in that: the data structure among the said step S2 comprises following several sections:
S21: the operation sequence number is used to represent the numbering of clothes operation;
S22: processing type is used to represent the processing mode of this operation;
S23: be used for expression and accomplish this operation required time process time, unit is second;
S24: place branch is used to the branch that representes that this operation belongs to;
S25: parent branch is used to the branch that representes that this operation place branch inserts;
S26: the position, insertion point is used to represent this operation place branch inserts parent branch in which position.
4. according to said garment sewing procedure analysis of claim 1 and combined method, it is characterized in that: the rule of combination that the clothes operation among the said step S5 adopts comprises:
S51: clothing production line does not flow backwards in the transmission of goods;
S52: the operation in the same branch is combined as far as possible;
S53: the time of clustered operation is as much as possible near beat or be the integral multiple of beat;
S54: have only the identical operation of processing type to make up;
S55: meet in the combination of beat, what the influence power sum was big pays the utmost attention to.
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| CN106295840A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-01-04 | 北京福田康明斯发动机有限公司 | A kind of optimize the method for production line operation, device and production line |
| CN106355472A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 上海深厚数码科技有限公司 | Method and system for drawing process flow chart for large-scale customization of clothes |
| CN112486107A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-12 | 威保控股股份有限公司 | Multi-process flow product production scheduling method |
| CN112327786A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-05 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Comprehensive scheduling method for dynamically adjusting non-occupied time period of equipment |
| CN116307406A (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-06-23 | 无锡锐泰节能系统科学有限公司 | Energy efficiency management method and system based on Internet of things |
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