CN102615030B - Microwave/hot air collaborative drying method of paste-like coating - Google Patents
Microwave/hot air collaborative drying method of paste-like coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN102615030B CN102615030B CN201210095604.XA CN201210095604A CN102615030B CN 102615030 B CN102615030 B CN 102615030B CN 201210095604 A CN201210095604 A CN 201210095604A CN 102615030 B CN102615030 B CN 102615030B
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave/hot air collaborative drying method of a paste-like coating, which belongs to the technical field of microwave heating application. the method comprises the following steps of: respectively adjusting microwave power and hot air volume for a coating with water content of 75-90 wt% in a preheating drying stage, a constant speed drying stage and a decelerating drying stage according to water evaporation rate and water diffusion rate in the coating; and fast and deeply drying the coating at a lower temperature. Compared with other drying methods, the microwave-hot air collaborative low temperature fast and deep drying method of the paste-like coating, which is provided by the invention, has the advantages of energy conservation, environment friendliness and high drying speed; and because the drying temperature is lower, high temperature oxidization of a coating metal substrate can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical field
A kind of collaborative dry method of microwave/hot blast that the present invention relates to pulpous state coating, belongs to heating using microwave applied technical field.
Background technology
Current coating becomes five large synthetic materials in plastics, adhesive, synthetic rubber, synthetic fibers.Coatings industry belongs to new high-tech industry, and its development level is one of sign of a flourishing level of national chemical industry.Coating has formed serious threat to the volatile organic matter distributing in air to human ecological environment when drying and forming-film.For this reason, corresponding environmental regulation has been formulated according to own characteristic in countries in the world, the discharge of VOC in restriction coating.The research of coating is also hydrotropismization, high solid differentiation, high performance and functionalization development.And slurry coating material owing to being easy to disperse, that dress is coated with is convenient, both can heating cure, also advantage that can air drying is widely used in beyond water paint, also the fields such as surface treatment of, plastics painted at solvent-borne type paint, rubber, chemical fibre, building and metal material are widely used, but because slurry coating material complicated component, moisture higher, filming performance require harsher feature, bring technical barrier to the rapid draing of filming, seriously restricted the development of coatings industry.
Slurry coating material dress is coated on workpiece and generally will be heated to certain temperature, could meet the requirement of the dry moisture content of coating and surface quality, the mode of conventional heating generally has radiation heating, three kinds of modes of the compound forced convertion heating of forced convertion heating and radiation heating, traditional heating means are all heated partses or the temperature in heating furnace are equaled or the dry required temperature of a little higher than coating, its firing rate is slower, film and be easily heated inequality and occur crackle, seriously restrict the dry production efficiency of coating.And energy consumption for drying is higher, can not realize serialization produces.
In known drying process, no matter be radiation heating or Convective Heating, the transmission of heat is all from outward appearance to inner essence, need to just can remove moisture through the long period, reduced drying efficiency; Especially to depth drying, conventionally all workpiece will be heated to higher temperature, just can be dried to the inside of coating, and the volatilization of chemical reaction or solvent easily occurs while reaching uniform temperature for some coating, this is undoubtedly the dry difficult point of high-moisture percentage coating.
Summary of the invention
A kind of collaborative dry method of microwave/hot blast that the object of this invention is to provide pulpous state coating, feature in conjunction with microwave drying, heated-air drying, can utilize on the one hand the inner heater of microwave built in the inner vapour pressure gradient that produces of material, hygroscopic water forced conveyance is arrived to material surface; Can adopt on the other hand energy-efficient heat pump as the auxiliary thermal source of drying system, utilize hot blast to carry out highly effective drying the hygroscopic water that is transported to material surface under microwave action.Thereby, carry out collaborative dry speed, energy efficiency and the economy that can effectively improve pulpous state coating drying operation of microwave-heat pump, and cleanliness without any pollution, process is easy to control can realize serialization production run.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is to adopt the adjustable continuous microwave/heat pump drying equipment of power, preheating and drying stage, constant rate drying period, decreasing drying rate period in coating, respectively according to the evaporation of moisture in coating and diffusion rate, regulate microwave power and hot blast air quantity, make high-moisture percentage slurry coating material carry out below quick, depth drying at 65 ℃.Concrete steps comprise as follows:
(1) the preheating and drying stage: slurry coating material is filled and is coated on workpiece uniformly, then workpiece is placed to microwave equipment inner drying, microwave frequency is 2450MHz, microwave output power 4～6KW/m, until coating average moisture content is 50～60wt%;
(2) constant rate drying period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is that 10～15KW/m, microwave frequency are 2450MHz, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 60～65 ℃ of temperature, speed are 1.0～2.5m/s, until coating average moisture content is 15～20wt%;
(3) decreasing drying rate period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 3～5KW/m, and microwave frequency is 2450MHz, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 60～65 ℃ of temperature, speed are 0.2～0.8m/s, until coating average moisture content is less than 1wt%.
Described coating is anticorrosion, resistant to elevated temperatures water paint.
The moisture content of described slurry coating material is 75～90wt%.
The thickness that described dress is coated with coating is 1～6mm, keeps paint thickness uniformity.
Described step (1)～(3) are provided with extractor fan, are convenient to vent water vapor, and Antidewing phenomenon produces, and exhausting amount is controlled at 1000～1500m
3/ h.
Microwave dryer of the present invention can be made the tunnel type continuous microwave-heat pump drying equipment of a plurality of microwave equipment series connection, according to certain speed, dress being coated with to workpiece is transported in microwave-heat pump drying equipment, by the variation of monitoring moisture content, determine travelling speed and the drying time of workpiece, can realize the drying process of serialization.
Technological principle of the present invention is to adopt microwave drying, do not need heat conduction from outward appearance to inner essence, but the energy dissipation in material internal moisture is directly dried by microwave, can remove timely and effectively moisture; The dielectric constant of water is very high, room temperature condition is issued to 78, belong to strong suction ripple material, utilize microwave selective heating, without whole workpiece is heated, only the moisture in coating is heated, thereby realize dry the saving energy and reduce the cost of coating, but for the single microwave drying of high-moisture material, its energy consumption is higher.And heat pump can reclaim the energy in Hot wet air heating effectively, energy-saving benefit is (electric weight of every consumption 1kWh can provide the heat of 3～4kWh) significantly, and can remove the part steam in Hot wet air heating.Thereby the application of heat pump can make the energy utilization efficiency of traditional drying equipment increase substantially.But material is inner inconsistent with the rate of drying on top layer.In the dry intermediary and later stages, although that the skin of material has become is dry, material inside still needs further dry, and the resistance that its hygroscopic water is outwards transmitted is very large, causes the significantly reduction of hygroscopic water evaporation capacity, and lengthen arid cycle, and energy consumption increases.In conjunction with the feature of microwave drying, heat pump drying, can utilize on the one hand the inner heater of microwave built in the inner vapour pressure gradient that produces of material, hygroscopic water forced conveyance is arrived to material surface; Can adopt on the other hand energy-efficient heat pump as the auxiliary thermal source of drying system, utilize hot blast to carry out highly effective drying the hygroscopic water that is transported to material surface under microwave action.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
(1), under suitable exhausting amount, regulate line speed and microwave power, can temperature moisture content is following up to 90% moisture drying to 1% and workpiece lower, can avoid the problems such as the oxidation of substrate is impaired, really realized low temperature, the quick-drying effect of the degree of depth;
(2), by feed arrangement configuration moisture teller, can automatically regulate transport tape speed and microwave power to the coating of different moisture content, with existing drying mode, compare, process is more easy to control, energy-saving effect is more remarkable;
(3), in microwave cavity, set up monitoring device, the superficial appearance that Real-Time Monitoring is filmed also can feed back on display screen, is convenient to prevent the emergency situations such as crackle, " skinning ", material carbonization of dried coating film process;
(4), this patent utilizes the collaborative dry moisture in coating that just optionally heats of microwave/hot blast, heated parts not, can effectively prevent the situations such as the high-temperature oxydation of coating substrate or workpiece be impaired, and baking temperature is lower, effectively avoids VOC, CO in coating
2etc. the generation in public hazards source, real having accomplished saved energy and reduce the cost, cleaner production.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further, but the invention is not restricted to the following stated scope.
Embodiment 1: the collaborative dry method concrete steps of microwave/hot blast of the present embodiment pulpous state coating comprise as follows:
(1) the preheating and drying stage: the fire-resistant slurry coating material of magnesia (moisture content is 83wt%) is filled and is coated on workpiece uniformly, the thickness that dress is coated with coating is 5mm, keep paint thickness uniformity, then workpiece is placed in microwave dryer, microwave output power 5KW/m, microwave frequency is 2450MHz, until coating average moisture content is 50wt%;
(2) constant rate drying period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 12KW/m, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 65 ℃ of temperature, speed are 1.0m/s, until coating average moisture content is 20wt%;
(3) decreasing drying rate period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 3KW/m, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 65 ℃ of temperature, speed are 0.2m/s, until the coating moisture content on discharging opening workpiece be 0.74wt% and smooth surface without obvious crackle, the property indices of filming is all higher than conventional drying.By calculating, microwave drying coating dehydrating amount is 0.41kg/KWh.
Described step (1)～(3) are provided with extractor fan, are convenient to vent water vapor, and Antidewing phenomenon produces, and exhausting amount is controlled at 1247m/h.
Embodiment 2: the collaborative dry method concrete steps of microwave/hot blast of the present embodiment pulpous state coating comprise as follows:
(1) the preheating and drying stage: the anticorrosion slurry coating material of super fine zinc oxide (moisture content is 90wt%) is filled and is coated in Q235-A surface of the work uniformly, the thickness that dress is coated with coating is 1mm, keep paint thickness uniformity, then workpiece is placed in microwave dryer, microwave output power 4KW/m, microwave frequency is 2450MHz, until coating average moisture content is 55wt%;
(2) constant rate drying period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 15KW/m, surface of the work blows the hot blast that temperature 60 C, speed are 2.0m/s, until coating average moisture content is 15wt%;
(3) decreasing drying rate period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 4KW/m, surface of the work blows the hot blast that temperature 60 C, speed are 0.6m/s, until coating average moisture content be 0.65wt% and smooth surface without obvious crackle, the property indices of filming is all higher than conventional drying.By calculating, microwave drying coating dehydrating amount is 0.32kg/KWh.
Described step (1)～(3) are provided with extractor fan, are convenient to vent water vapor, and Antidewing phenomenon produces, and exhausting amount is controlled at 1500m
3/ h.
Embodiment 3: the collaborative dry method concrete steps of microwave/hot blast of the present embodiment pulpous state coating comprise as follows:
(1) the preheating and drying stage: the high temperature resistant slurry coating material of phosphate base (moisture content is 75wt%) is filled and is coated on workpiece uniformly, the thickness that dress is coated with coating is 6mm, keep paint thickness uniformity, then workpiece is placed in microwave dryer, microwave output power 6KW/m, microwave frequency is 2450MHz, until coating average moisture content is 60wt%;
(2) constant rate drying period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 10KW/m, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 63 ℃ of temperature, speed are 2.5m/s, until coating average moisture content is 18wt%;
(3) decreasing drying rate period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 5KW/m, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 62 ℃ of temperature, speed are 0.8m/s, until the coating moisture content on discharging opening workpiece be 0.44wt% and smooth surface without obvious crackle, the property indices of filming is all higher than conventional drying.By calculating, microwave drying coating dehydrating amount is 0.46kg/KWh.
Described step (1)～(3) are provided with extractor fan, are convenient to vent water vapor, and Antidewing phenomenon produces, and exhausting amount is controlled at 1000m
3/ h.
Claims (4)
1. microwave/the hot blast of pulpous state coating is worked in coordination with a dry method, it is characterized in that concrete steps comprise as follows:
(1) the preheating and drying stage: slurry coating material is filled and is coated on workpiece uniformly, then workpiece is placed to microwave equipment inner drying, microwave frequency is 2450MHz, microwave output power 4～6KW/m, until coating average moisture content is 50～60wt%; The moisture content of described slurry coating material is 75～90wt%;
(2) constant rate drying period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is that 10～15 KW/m, microwave frequency are 2450MHz, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 60～65 ℃ of temperature, speed are 1.0～2.5m/s, until coating average moisture content is 15～20wt%;
(3) decreasing drying rate period: the power of adjusting microwave dryer is 3～5 KW/m, and microwave frequency is 2450MHz, surface of the work blows the hot blast that 60～65 ℃ of temperature, speed are 0.2～0.8m/s, until coating average moisture content is less than 1wt%.
2. the collaborative dry method of the microwave/hot blast of pulpous state coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described coating is anticorrosion, resistant to elevated temperatures water paint.
3. the collaborative dry method of the microwave/hot blast of pulpous state coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness that described dress is coated with coating is 1～6mm, keeps paint thickness uniformity.
4. the collaborative dry method of the microwave/hot blast of pulpous state coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1)～(3) are provided with extractor fan, and exhausting amount is controlled at 1000～1500m
3/ h.
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| CN201210095604.XA CN102615030B (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Microwave/hot air collaborative drying method of paste-like coating |
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| CN102615030B true CN102615030B (en) | 2014-09-03 |
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| CN109395996A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-01 | 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 | A kind of water paint drying means |
| CN110495584A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-26 | 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of method that serialization prepares mango fruit cake |
| CN113558166A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-29 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Microwave-assisted drying method for agricultural products |
| CN112981970B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-11-09 | 四川大学 | Microwave-hot air coupled water-based synthetic leather drying process |
| CN115569824A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2023-01-06 | 四川大学 | Microwave drying device for leather coating |
| CN115414790A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-12-02 | 安徽普朗膜技术有限公司 | Method for preparing dry-wet reversible organic ultra/micro-filtration membrane by microwave drying technology |
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