CN102611341A - Photovoltaic inverter and method for tracking maximum power of same - Google Patents

Photovoltaic inverter and method for tracking maximum power of same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102611341A
CN102611341A CN2012100634648A CN201210063464A CN102611341A CN 102611341 A CN102611341 A CN 102611341A CN 2012100634648 A CN2012100634648 A CN 2012100634648A CN 201210063464 A CN201210063464 A CN 201210063464A CN 102611341 A CN102611341 A CN 102611341A
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battery
photovoltaic
voltage
converter
inversion
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CN102611341B (en
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刘亚军
迟屹楠
郑开科
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Shenzhen yingweiteng Photovoltaic Technology Co. Ltd.
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Shenzhen Invt Electric Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

Disclosed are a photovoltaic inverter and a method for tracking maximum power of the same. At least two batteries serve as input power sources of the photovoltaic inverter. The method includes the steps: sampling input voltage of one battery 1 of the batteries; judging whether the input voltage of the currently sampled battery 1 is larger than a preset first threshold value or not; if the input voltage of the currently sampled battery 1 is not larger than the preset first threshold value, judging whether the input voltage of the currently sampled battery 1 is smaller than a preset second threshold value or not, wherein the first threshold value is larger than the second threshold value; if the input voltage of the currently sampled battery 1 is not smaller than the preset second threshold value, judging whether an inverted maximum tracking mark of the battery 1 is effective or not; and tracking the inverted maximum power of the battery 1 if the inverted maximum tracking mark of the battery 1 is effective. By the aid of the technical scheme of the photovoltaic inverter and the method in the embodiment, accuracy rate of seeking a maximum power tracking point of the photovoltaic inverter can be effectively increased.

Description

A kind of maximum power tracking method of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photovoltaic system field, relate in particular to a kind of maximum power tracking method and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Background technology
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is a kind of electric power adjusting device of being made up of semiconductor device, is mainly used in and converts direct current power to alternating electromotive force.Generally constitute by boost loop and inversion bridge type return.The loop of boosting boosts to the required direct voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter output control to the direct voltage of solar cell.The inversion bridge type return then converts the direct voltage after boosting to the alternating voltage of conventional frequency of equal valuely.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the topological structure of a kind of three-phase photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter commonly used at present.Its input side joint two-way solar cell, like solar cell among Fig. 11 and solar cell 2, the inversion side is a public side.Owing to the variation along with intensity of illumination of the output voltage of solar cell changes; And the relation of its power output and output voltage is as shown in Figure 2; Visible by Fig. 2; The power voltage curve of two-way input battery is different, and wherein, V1 and V2 are respectively the voltage of two-way input battery correspondence when reaching maximum power.
In order to improve the service efficiency of solar cell, must search out the maximum power point of solar cell.Existing maximal power tracing technology utilizes booster circuit to follow the tracks of the maximum of power sum for asking the power sum of two-way input battery then.Yet; Because a plurality of extreme values may appear in the corresponding power voltage curve of two-way power sum; Prior art can only solve power can trace into certain extreme value; But be not necessarily the maximum of system, i.e. the maximum power point of its tracking possibly not be real maximum power point, and is certain extreme point of power.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of maximum power tracking method and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, is used for when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is taken over the battery of meaning road different qualities, effectively improving the accuracy rate of the maximal power tracing point of seeking photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of maximum power tracking method of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, wherein, said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is by the two-way battery is as the input power supply at least, and said maximum power tracking method comprises: the wherein input voltage of one road battery 1 to the said battery of two-way is at least sampled; Whether the input voltage of battery 1 of judging current sampling is greater than first threshold values that presets; If the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is not more than first threshold values that presets, whether the input voltage of battery 1 of then judging said current sampling is less than second threshold values that presets, and wherein, said first threshold values is greater than said second threshold values; If the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is not less than second threshold values that presets, judge then whether the maximum tracking mark of inversion of battery 1 is effective; And, then said battery 1 is carried out the inversion maximal power tracing if the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is effective.
Preferably; Whether the input voltage of the said battery 1 of judging current sampling also comprises after the step greater than first threshold values that presets: if the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is greater than said first threshold values that presets; Then the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is changed to effectively, and said battery 1 is carried out the inversion maximal power tracing.
Preferably; Said sampling also comprises samples to the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way at least; Wherein, the step of said battery 1 being carried out the inversion maximal power tracing also comprises: the boosted switch pipe that breaks off the loop of boosting at said battery 1 place; The busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said second threshold values; The input power of all batteries that said input voltage that obtains according to said sampling and said input current calculate the maximum tracking mark of current inversion respectively when being effective, with the input power summation of said all batteries to obtain the inversion input power; According to said inversion input power, utilize method of perturbation to calculate the first disturbance voltage; And, the input voltage of said battery 1 is carried out inversion control according to the busbar voltage initial value of said first disturbance voltage and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Preferably; The step that the said busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said second threshold values comprises: if the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter greater than said second threshold values, then progressively decays to said second threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to the first predetermined step-length.
Preferably; The step of carrying out inversion control at said input voltage to said battery 1 comprises before: if the said first disturbance voltage surpasses first maximum threshold that presets; Then the said first disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing; Perhaps if the said first disturbance voltage during less than first minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said first disturbance voltage and handles.
Preferably, the step that said input voltage to said battery 1 carries out inversion control comprises: the busbar voltage of current said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is deducted the busbar voltage initial value of said first disturbance voltage and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, obtain first difference; Said first difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained first current value; The current value of inductance on the inversion circuit of said first current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is poor, obtain the first electric current difference; With obtaining first output variable after the said first electric current difference passing ratio adjusting, utilize said first output variable to control the ON time of the inverse switch pipe on the inversion circuit of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, carry out inversion control with this input voltage to said battery 1.
Preferably; Whether the input voltage of the said battery 1 of judging said current sampling also comprises after the step less than second threshold values that presets: if the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is less than said second threshold values that presets; It is invalid then the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 to be changed to, and said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing that boosts.
Preferably; Whether the input voltage of the said battery 1 of judging said current sampling also comprises after the step less than second threshold values that presets: if the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is not less than said second threshold values that presets; And when the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is invalid, said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing that boosts.
Preferably; Said sampling also comprises samples to the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way at least; Wherein, The step that said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing that boosts also comprises: if the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at current said battery 1 place is in off-state, and the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at the said battery of conducting 1 place then; The busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said first threshold values; Obtain the input voltage of said battery 1 and the input power that input current calculates said battery 1 according to said sampling; According to the input power of said battery 1, utilize method of perturbation to calculate the second disturbance voltage; And according to the said second disturbance voltage to the control of boosting of the input voltage of said battery 1.
Preferably; The step that the said busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said first threshold values is specially: if the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter less than said first threshold values, then progressively increases to said first threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to the second predetermined step-length.
Preferably; The said input voltage of said battery 1 being boosted according to the said second disturbance voltage comprises before the step of control: if the said second disturbance voltage surpasses second maximum threshold that presets; The said second disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing; Perhaps if the said second disturbance voltage less than second minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said second disturbance voltage and handles.
Preferably, saidly the boost step of control of the input voltage of said battery 1 is comprised: the current input voltage of said battery 1 is deducted the said second disturbance voltage, obtain second difference according to the said second disturbance voltage; Said second difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained second current value; The current value of inductance on the loop of boosting of said second current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is poor, obtain the second electric current difference; Obtain second output variable after the said second electric current difference passing ratio regulated, utilize said second output variable to control the ON time of the boosted switch pipe on the loop of boosting at said battery 1 place, with the control of boosting of this input voltage said battery 1.
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises sampling unit, first judging unit, second judging unit, the 3rd judging unit and inversion maximal power tracing unit, wherein, said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter by two-way battery at least as the input power supply.Sampling unit is used for the wherein input voltage of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way is at least sampled.First judging unit is used to judge that whether the input voltage of battery 1 of the current sampling of said sampling unit is greater than first threshold values that presets.Second judging unit be used for when the judged result of said first judging unit for not the time, whether the input voltage of battery 1 of judging said current sampling less than second threshold values that presets, wherein, said first threshold values is greater than said second threshold values.The 3rd judging unit be used for when the judged result of said second judging unit for not the time, judge whether the maximum tracking mark of inversion of said battery 1 effective.Inversion maximal power tracing unit be used for when the judged result of said the 3rd judging unit when being, said battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.
Preferably; Said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises: the trace labelling setup unit, be used for when the judged result of said first judging unit when being, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is changed to effectively; Wherein, Said inversion maximal power tracing unit also is used at said trace labelling setup unit the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 being changed to when effective, and said battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.
Preferably; Said sampling unit also is used for the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way is at least sampled; Wherein, Said inversion maximal power tracing unit specifically comprises: the first switch controlled unit is used to break off the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at said battery 1 place; First busbar voltage is provided with the unit, and the busbar voltage initial value that is used to be provided with said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter equals said second threshold values; First computing unit; The input power of all batteries when being used for sampling obtains according to said sampling unit said input voltage and said input current to calculate the maximum tracking mark of current inversion respectively being effective; The input power summation of said all batteries is obtained the inversion input power, and utilize method of perturbation to calculate the first disturbance voltage according to said inversion input power; The inversion control unit is used for the busbar voltage initial value according to said first disturbance voltage and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and the input voltage of said battery 1 is carried out inversion control.
Preferably; Said first busbar voltage is provided with that the unit also is used for if the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during greater than said second threshold values, progressively decays to said second threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to the first predetermined step-length.
Preferably; Said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises: first AM unit; Be used for before said inversion control unit carries out inversion control to the input voltage of said battery 1,, then the said first disturbance voltage being carried out amplitude limiting processing if the said first disturbance voltage surpasses first maximum threshold that presets; Perhaps if the said first disturbance voltage less than first minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said first disturbance voltage and handles.
Preferably, said inversion control unit comprises: first makes the differential mode piece, is used for that busbar voltage with current said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter deducts the said first disturbance voltage and said first busbar voltage is provided with the set busbar voltage initial value in unit, obtains first difference; The first proportional integral adjustment module; Be used for said first difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained first current value; Wherein, said first makes the differential mode piece also is used for the current value of inductance on the inversion circuit of said first current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter poorly, obtains the first electric current difference; The first ratio adjustment module is used for obtaining first output variable after the said first electric current difference passing ratio adjusting; The inversion control submodule, the ON time of the inverse switch pipe on the inversion circuit that is used to utilize said first output variable to control said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carries out inversion control with this input voltage to said battery 1.
Preferably; Said trace labelling setup unit also be used for when the judged result of said second judging unit when being; It is invalid that the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is changed to, and wherein, said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises: the maximal power tracing unit boosts; Be used for the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 being changed to when invalid, said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting when said trace labelling setup unit.
Preferably, the said maximal power tracing unit that boosts, also be used for when the judged result of said second judging unit for not, and the judged result of said the 3rd judging unit is carried out the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting to said battery 1 also for not the time.
Preferably; Said sampling unit also is used for the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way is at least sampled; Wherein, The said maximal power tracing unit that boosts specifically comprises: second switch management and control system unit, and when being used for boosted switch pipe and being in off-state in the loop of boosting at current said battery 1 place, the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at the said battery of conducting 1 place; Second busbar voltage is provided with the unit, and the busbar voltage initial value that is used to be provided with said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter equals said first threshold values; Second computing unit; Be used for the said input voltage of the said battery 1 that sampling obtains according to said sampling unit and the input power that said input current calculates said battery 1, and utilize method of perturbation to calculate the second disturbance voltage according to the input power of said battery 1; The control unit that boosts is used for according to the said second disturbance voltage the control of boosting of the input voltage of said battery 1.
Preferably; Said second busbar voltage is provided with the unit and also is used for during less than said first threshold values, progressively the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter being increased to said first threshold values according to the second predetermined step-length at the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Preferably; Said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises: second AM unit; Be used for the said control unit that boosts boosts control to the input voltage of said battery 1 before,, then the said second disturbance voltage being carried out amplitude limiting processing if the said second disturbance voltage surpasses second maximum threshold that presets; Perhaps if the said second disturbance voltage during less than second minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said second disturbance voltage and handles.
Preferably, the said control unit that boosts specifically comprises: second makes the differential mode piece, is used for the current input voltage of said battery 1 is deducted the said second disturbance voltage, obtains second difference; The second proportional integral adjustment module; Be used for said second difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained second current value; Wherein, said second makes the differential mode piece also is used for the current value of inductance on the loop of boosting of said second current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter poorly, obtains the second electric current difference; The second ratio adjustment module is used for obtaining second output variable after the said second electric current difference passing ratio adjusting; The control submodule that boosts, the ON time of the boosted switch pipe on the loop of boosting that is used to utilize said second output variable to control said battery 1 place is with the control of boosting of this input voltage to said battery 1.
Therefore; Set first threshold values and second threshold values in the embodiment of the invention; And first threshold values is greater than second threshold values; Set the maximum tracking mark of inversion of this road battery through the cell voltage relatively gathered and the size of first threshold values, second threshold values, carry out the inversion maximal power tracing or boost maximal power tracing according to this road battery of the maximum tracking mark judgement of inversion.Through independent control two-way or multichannel battery, make the input of every road battery all reach the maximal power tracing point, make photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter when taking over the battery of meaning road different qualities, can accurately search out the maximal power tracing point of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work property, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the topological structure sketch map of a kind of three-phase photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter commonly used;
Fig. 2 be photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter power output and output voltage concern sketch map;
The maximum power tracking method schematic flow sheet of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The inversion maximal power tracing schematic flow sheet that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The maximal power tracing schematic flow sheet that boosts that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter first example structure sketch map that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter second example structure sketch map that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The inversion maximal power tracing cellular construction sketch map that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter the 3rd example structure sketch map that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The maximal power tracing cellular construction sketch map that boosts that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of maximum power tracking method and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
For make goal of the invention of the present invention, characteristic, advantage can be more obvious and understandable; To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below; Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is carried out clear, intactly description; Obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, but not whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
In embodiments of the present invention; Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter by two-way battery (like solar cell) at least as the input power supply; As shown in Figure 1 is that wherein, the above-mentioned battery of two-way at least can have identical characteristics by the topological structure of two-way battery as the three-phase photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of input power supply; Also can have different qualities, not limit here.
Describe in the face of the maximum power tracking method of a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the embodiment of the invention down, in the embodiment of the invention, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carries out independent control to two-way or the multichannel battery that inserts; And, in the battery of every road, carry out identical flow processing, therefore; For the ease of describing and understanding; The embodiment of the invention describes with the processing procedure of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the loop at battery 1 place, and wherein, battery 1 is in the above-mentioned battery of two-way at least wherein one the tunnel; Concrete, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can be with reference to the description in the embodiment of the invention in the processing procedure in the loop at other battery place.
See also Fig. 3, the maximum power tracking method schematic flow sheet of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that provides for the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 3, the maximum power tracking method of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
301, the input voltage of battery 1 is sampled.
In embodiments of the present invention; Can photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter periodically be sampled, for example to the input voltage of each road battery through setting the sampling period; If setting the sampling period is 50 milliseconds, then photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is whenever sampled at a distance from 50 milliseconds of input voltages to each road battery.
Further, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is also sampled to the input current of battery 1 when the input voltage of battery 1 is sampled.
Whether the input voltage of battery 1 of 302, judging current sampling is greater than first threshold values that presets.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter judges that whether the input voltage of battery 1 of current sampling is greater than first threshold values that presets; Wherein, First threshold values can be set according to output voltage, modulation depth and the tube voltage drop of practical application such as photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; As being the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of 50 hertz, 220 volts alternating currents for output voltage, can set first threshold values is 650.
In embodiments of the present invention, if the input voltage of battery 1 of judging current sampling greater than first threshold values that presets, execution in step 303; Be not more than first threshold values that presets, execution in step 304 if judge the input voltage of the battery 1 of current sampling.
303, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 is changed to effectively.
Illustrate; If the maximum tracking mark of definition inversion be 1 o'clock effective; The maximum tracking mark of inversion be 0 o'clock invalid, then during greater than first threshold values that presets, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 is changed to 1 at the input voltage of the battery of judging current sampling 1 in the embodiment of the invention.Certainly, also can define the maximum tracking mark of inversion in the embodiment of the invention and indicate it effectively with invalid, not limit here with other value.
In embodiments of the present invention, after being changed to the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 effectively, execution in step 307.
Whether the input voltage of battery 1 of 304, judging above-mentioned current sampling is less than second threshold values that presets.
In embodiments of the present invention; When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is not more than first threshold values that presets at the input voltage of the battery 1 of judging current sampling; Whether the input voltage of battery 1 that also needs further to judge current sampling is less than second threshold values that presets, and wherein, second threshold values is less than first threshold values.Second threshold values can be set according to output voltage, modulation depth and the tube voltage drop of practical application such as photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and as being the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of 50 hertz, 220 volts alternating currents for output voltage, can set second threshold values is 610.
In embodiments of the present invention, if the input voltage of battery 1 of judging current sampling is less than second threshold values that presets, then execution in step 305; If the input voltage of judging the battery 1 of current sampling is not less than second threshold values that presets, then keep the current maximum tracking mark of inversion of battery 1, get into step 306.
305, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 is changed to invalid.
Illustrate; If the maximum tracking mark of definition inversion be 1 o'clock effective; The maximum tracking mark of inversion be 0 o'clock invalid, then during less than second threshold values that presets, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 is changed to 0 at the input voltage of the battery of judging current sampling 1 in the embodiment of the invention.Certainly, also can define the maximum tracking mark of inversion in the embodiment of the invention and indicate it effectively with invalid, not limit here with other value.
In embodiments of the present invention, with the inversion of battery 1 maximum tracking mark be changed to invalid after, execution in step 308.
306, judge whether the maximum tracking mark of inversion of battery 1 is effective.
If the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 is effective, then execution in step 307, if the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 is invalid, then execution in step 308.
307, battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.
In embodiments of the present invention, inversion maximal power tracing flow process is as shown in Figure 4.
See also Fig. 4, the inversion maximal power tracing schematic flow sheet that provides for the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, inversion maximal power tracing flow process comprises:
The boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at A1, disconnection battery 1 place.
In embodiments of the present invention, if photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter breaks off the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at battery 1 place, at this moment, the busbar voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter promptly equals the input voltage of battery 1.
A2, the busbar voltage initial value that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equal above-mentioned second threshold values.
In a kind of application scenarios; If the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is during greater than above-mentioned second threshold values; First step-length according to predetermined progressively decays to above-mentioned second threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter so that the maximal power tracing algorithm when switching the busbar voltage of system can seamlessly transit.
A3, according to input voltage and input current that sampling obtains, calculate the maximum tracking mark of current inversion respectively and be the effective input power of all batteries, the input power summation of above-mentioned all batteries is obtained the inversion input power.
In embodiments of the present invention, input voltage and input current according to sampling obtains by formula P (power)=U (voltage) * I (electric current), can calculate the input power of the maximum tracking mark of current inversion for effective all batteries respectively.The maximum tracking mark of the current inversion that will calculate then can obtain the inversion input power for the input power of effective all batteries adds up.
The inversion input power that A4, basis obtain utilizes method of perturbation to calculate the first disturbance voltage.
Can know by the curve among Fig. 2; The operating power in loop, battery place increases along with the input voltage of this battery and gradually near maximum power point; After arriving maximum power point; Along with the further increase of the input voltage of this battery, the operating power in loop, battery place will be gradually away from maximum power point.
The input voltage U of the battery 1 that the promptly more current sampling of the method for perturbation in the embodiment of the invention obtains kWith the inversion input power P that calculates kInput voltage U with last sampling period battery 1 K-1With input power P K-1, if P kGreater than P K-1, and U kGreater than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxLeft area, then with U kAdd predetermined change step Δ U, obtain the first disturbance voltage; If P kGreater than P K-1, and U kLess than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxThe right zone, then with U kDeduct Δ U, obtain the first disturbance voltage; If P kLess than P K-1, and U kGreater than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxThe right zone, then with U kDeduct Δ U, obtain the first disturbance voltage; If P kLess than P K-1, and U kLess than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxLeft area, then with U kAdd Δ U, obtain the first disturbance voltage.
A5, the first disturbance voltage that obtains according to steps A 4 and the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carry out inversion control to the input voltage of battery 1.
Under a kind of application scenarios; If the input voltage of the inversion circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is excessive, then possibly cause the unstable even collapse of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter place system, therefore; Before can carrying out inversion control at input voltage in the embodiment of the invention to battery 1; Detect the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage and whether surpass first maximum threshold that presets,, then the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing if surpass; Further, can also whether detect the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage less than first minimum threshold that presets detecting the first disturbance voltage when not surpassing first maximum threshold that presets, if less than, then the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage is carried out increasing degree and handle.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is following the input voltage of battery 1 to be carried out the detailed process of inversion control:
The busbar voltage of current photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is deducted the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter set in the first disturbance voltage that steps A 4 obtains and the steps A 2, obtain first difference; Above-mentioned first difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained first current value; The current value of inductance on the inversion circuit of first current value that obtains and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is poor, obtain the first electric current difference; With obtaining first output variable after the first electric current difference passing ratio adjusting that obtains; The ON time of the inverse switch pipe on the inversion circuit of first output variable control photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that utilization obtains; Carry out inversion control with this input voltage to battery 1, so the input power that makes battery 1 towards the maximal power tracing point of battery 1 near.
Under request in person and continue to consult Fig. 3.
308, battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting.
In embodiments of the present invention, the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting is as shown in Figure 5.
See also Fig. 5, the maximal power tracing schematic flow sheet that boosts that provides for the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting comprises:
B1, if the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at current battery 1 place is in off-state, the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at turn-on battery 1 place then.
In embodiments of the present invention, if the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at current battery 1 place is in conducting state, execution in step B1 not then.
B2, the busbar voltage initial value that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equal above-mentioned first threshold values.
In a kind of application scenarios; If the busbar voltage initial value of current photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is during less than above-mentioned first threshold values; Second step-length according to predetermined progressively increases to above-mentioned first threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter so that the maximal power tracing algorithm when switching the busbar voltage of system can seamlessly transit.
The input voltage and the input current of B3, the battery 1 that obtains according to sampling, the input power of counting cell 1.
The input voltage and the input current of the battery 1 that obtains according to sampling by formula P (power)=U (voltage) * I (electric current), calculate the input power of battery 1.
The input power of the battery 1 that B4, basis obtain utilizes method of perturbation to calculate the second disturbance voltage.
Can know by the curve among Fig. 2; The operating power in loop, battery place increases along with the input voltage of this battery and gradually near maximum power point; After arriving maximum power point; Along with the further increase of the input voltage of this battery, the operating power in loop, battery place will be gradually away from maximum power point.
The input voltage U of the battery 1 that the promptly more current sampling of the method for perturbation in the embodiment of the invention obtains kInput power P with the current battery that calculates 1 kInput voltage U with last sampling period battery 1 K-1With input power P K-1, if P kGreater than P K-1, and U kGreater than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxLeft area, then with U kAdd predetermined change step Δ U, obtain the second disturbance voltage; If P kGreater than P K-1, and U kLess than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxThe right zone, then with U kDeduct Δ U, obtain the second disturbance voltage; If P kLess than P K-1, and U kGreater than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxThe right zone, then with U kDeduct Δ U, obtain the second disturbance voltage; If P kLess than P K-1, and U kLess than U K-1, then show P kBe positioned at maximum power point P on the curve MaxLeft area, then with U kAdd Δ U, obtain the second disturbance voltage.
B5, the second disturbance voltage that obtains according to step B4 are to the control of boosting of the input voltage of battery 1.
Under a kind of application scenarios; If the input voltage of the inversion circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is excessive, then possibly cause the unstable even collapse of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter place system, therefore; Can be before the control of boosting in the embodiment of the invention; Detect the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage and whether surpass second maximum threshold that presets,, then the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing if surpass; Further, can also whether detect the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage less than second minimum threshold that presets detecting the second disturbance voltage when not surpassing second maximum threshold that presets, if less than, then the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage is carried out increasing degree and handle.
In embodiments of the present invention, following to the boost detailed process of control of the input voltage of battery 1:
The current input voltage of battery 1 is deducted the second disturbance voltage that step B4 obtains, obtain second difference; Above-mentioned second difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained second current value; The current value of inductance on the loop of boosting of second current value that obtains and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is poor, obtain the second electric current difference; With obtaining second output variable after the second electric current difference passing ratio adjusting that obtains; The ON time of the boosted switch pipe on the loop of boosting at second output variable control battery, 1 place that utilization obtains; With the control of boosting of this input voltage to battery 1, so the input power that makes battery 1 towards the maximal power tracing point of battery 1 near.
The flow process of embodiment of the invention Fig. 3 triggers when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is incorporated into the power networks work; Need to prove; Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter will get into initialized process when electrifying startup; Treating the work of just being incorporated into the power networks after initialization procedure finishes, is invalid with the maximum tracking mark default setting of above-mentioned inversion in above-mentioned initialization procedure in the embodiment of the invention.
The maximum power tracking method of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the embodiment of the invention can be applied to single-phase photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also can be applied in the three-phase photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; Battery in the embodiment of the invention can be a solar panel; Perhaps; Also can be other battery that can realize opto-electronic conversion, not limit here.
Therefore; Set first threshold values and second threshold values in the embodiment of the invention; And first threshold values is greater than second threshold values; Set the maximum tracking mark of inversion of this road battery through the cell voltage relatively gathered and the size of first threshold values, second threshold values, carry out the inversion maximal power tracing or boost maximal power tracing according to this road battery of the maximum tracking mark judgement of inversion.Through independent control two-way or multichannel battery, make the input of every road battery all reach the maximal power tracing point, make photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter when taking over the battery of meaning road different qualities, can accurately search out the maximal power tracing point of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system.And; Because the maximum power tracking method of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the embodiment of the invention optionally carries out maximal power tracing in inverter circuit; With respect to only using booster circuit to do the scheme of maximal power tracing, effectively increased the maximal power tracing scope of system.
Describe in the face of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the embodiment of the invention down; Wherein, Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the embodiment of the invention as the input power supply, sees also Fig. 6 by two-way battery at least, the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter first example structure sketch map that provides for the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 6, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 600 comprises: sampling unit 601, first judging unit 602, second judging unit 603, the 3rd judging unit 604 and inversion maximal power tracing unit 605.
Sampling unit 601 is used for the wherein input voltage of one road battery 1 of the above-mentioned battery of two-way is at least sampled.
In embodiments of the present invention; Can sampling unit 601 periodically be sampled, for example to the input voltage of each road battery through setting the sampling period; If setting the sampling period is 50 milliseconds, then sampling unit 601 is whenever sampled at a distance from 50 milliseconds of input voltages to each road battery.Further, sampling unit 601 is also sampled to the input current of battery 1 when the input voltage of battery 1 is sampled.
First judging unit 602, whether the input voltage of battery that is used to judge sampling unit 601 current samplings is greater than first threshold values that presets.In embodiments of the present invention; First threshold values can be set according to output voltage, modulation depth and the tube voltage drop of practical application such as photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; As being the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of 50 hertz, 220 volts alternating currents for output voltage, can set first threshold values is 650.
Second judging unit 603, be used for when the judged result of first judging unit 602 for not the time, whether the input voltage of battery 1 of judging above-mentioned current sampling less than second threshold values that presets, wherein, above-mentioned first threshold values is greater than above-mentioned second threshold values.
In embodiments of the present invention; When first judging unit 602 is not more than first threshold values that presets at the input voltage of the battery 1 of judging current sampling; Also need the input voltage of battery 1 that second judging unit 603 further judges current sampling whether less than second threshold values that presets; Wherein, second threshold values is less than first threshold values.Second threshold values can be set according to output voltage, modulation depth and the tube voltage drop of practical application such as photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and as being the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of 50 hertz, 220 volts alternating currents for output voltage, can set second threshold values is 610.
The 3rd judging unit 604, be used for when the judged result of second judging unit 603 for not the time, judge whether the inversion maximum tracking mark of battery 1 effective.Illustrate, can define the maximum tracking mark of inversion and be 1 o'clock effective, the maximum tracking mark of inversion be 0 o'clock invalid, be 1 or 0 to determine whether effectively through judging the maximum tracking mark of inversion.
Inversion maximal power tracing unit 605, be used for when the judged result of the 3rd judging unit 604 when being, above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.Wherein, the detailed structure view of inversion maximal power tracing unit 605 is as shown in Figure 8.
In embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out describe among inversion maximal power tracing flow process and Fig. 4 identical, just repeat no more at this.
See also Fig. 7, the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter second example structure sketch map that provides for the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 7, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 is on the basis of Fig. 6 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 600, to have increased the trace labelling setup unit 606 and first AM unit 607, and the function of unit 601～605 and Fig. 6 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 600 is identical, just repeats no more at this.
Trace labelling setup unit 606 be used for when the judged result of first judging unit 602 when being; The maximum tracking mark of the inversion of above-mentioned battery 1 is changed to effectively; And also be used for when the judged result of second judging unit 603 when being, it is invalid that the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of above-mentioned battery 1 is changed to.Illustrate; If the maximum tracking mark of definition inversion be 1 o'clock effective; The maximum tracking mark of inversion be 0 o'clock invalid, then during greater than first threshold values that presets, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 is changed to 1 at the input voltage of the battery of judging current sampling 1 in the embodiment of the invention; Perhaps in the judged result of second judging unit 603 when being, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of above-mentioned battery 1 is changed to 0.Certainly, also can define the maximum tracking mark of inversion in the embodiment of the invention and indicate it effectively with invalid, not limit here with other value.
Inversion maximal power tracing unit 605 also is used at above-mentioned trace labelling setup unit 606 the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of above-mentioned battery 1 being changed to when effective, and above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.In embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out describe among inversion maximal power tracing flow process and Fig. 4 identical, just repeat no more at this.
See also Fig. 8, inversion maximal power tracing unit 605 structural representations that provide for the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 8, inversion maximal power tracing unit 605 comprises: the first switch controlled unit 6051, first busbar voltage are provided with unit 6052, first computing unit 6053 and inversion control unit 6054.
The first switch controlled unit 6051 is used to break off the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at above-mentioned battery 1 place.In embodiments of the present invention, if photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 breaks off the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at battery 1 place, at this moment, the busbar voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 promptly equals the input voltage of battery 1.
First busbar voltage is provided with unit 6052, and the busbar voltage initial value that is used to be provided with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 equals above-mentioned second threshold values.In embodiments of the present invention; If the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 is during greater than above-mentioned second threshold values; First step-length according to predetermined progressively decays to above-mentioned second threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 so that the maximal power tracing algorithm when switching the busbar voltage of system can seamlessly transit.
First computing unit 6053; Be used for 601 samplings obtain according to sampling unit input voltage and input current; Calculate the input power of the maximum tracking mark of current inversion respectively for effective all batteries; The input power summation of above-mentioned all batteries is obtained the inversion input power, and utilize method of perturbation to calculate the first disturbance voltage according to above-mentioned inversion input power.In embodiments of the present invention, the computational methods of the computational methods of inversion input power and the first disturbance voltage respectively with Fig. 4 in A3, A4 step identical, just repeat no more at this.
Inversion control unit 6054, the first disturbance voltage that is used for obtaining according to first computing unit 6053 and the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 carry out inversion control to the input voltage of above-mentioned battery 1.
Concrete, inversion control unit 6054 can comprise that first makes differential mode piece, the first proportional integral adjustment module, the first ratio adjustment module and inversion control submodule (not drawing among the figure).Wherein, first makes the differential mode piece, is used for that busbar voltage with current photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 deducts the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage and above-mentioned first busbar voltage is provided with the busbar voltage initial value that unit 6052 is provided with, and obtains first difference; The first proportional integral adjustment module is used for making the first difference passing ratio integration that the differential mode piece obtains with first and regulates and obtain first current value; Above-mentioned first to make the current value of inductance on the inversion circuit of first current value that the differential mode piece also is used for the first proportional integral adjustment module is obtained and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 poor, obtains the first electric current difference; The first ratio adjustment module is used for doing to obtain first output variable after the first electric current difference passing ratio that the differential mode piece obtains is regulated with above-mentioned first; The inversion control submodule; Be used to utilize the ON time of the inverse switch pipe on the inversion circuit of first output variable control photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 that the first ratio adjustment module obtains; Carry out inversion control with this input voltage to above-mentioned battery 1, so the input power that makes battery 1 towards the maximal power tracing point of battery 1 near.
Please continue to consult Fig. 7; First AM unit 607 was used for before the input voltage of the 6054 pairs of above-mentioned batteries 1 in inversion control unit carries out inversion control; If the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage surpasses first maximum threshold that presets; Then the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing, perhaps if the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage less than first minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the above-mentioned first disturbance voltage and handles.In embodiments of the present invention, through first AM unit 607 is set, can avoid the excessive phenomenon generation that possibly cause photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700 place systems instability even collapse of input voltage because of the inversion circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700.
See also Fig. 9, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter the 3rd example structure sketch map that provides for the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 9; Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 800 is on the basis of Fig. 7 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700, to have increased boost the maximal power tracing unit 608 and second AM unit 609; And the function of unit 601～607 is identical with Fig. 7 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 700, just repeats no more at this.
Wherein, inversion maximal power tracing unit 605 also is used at above-mentioned trace labelling setup unit 606 the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of above-mentioned battery 1 being changed to when effective, and above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.In embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out describe among inversion maximal power tracing flow process and Fig. 4 identical, just repeat no more at this.
The maximal power tracing unit 608 that boosts is used for when above-mentioned trace labelling setup unit 606 the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of above-mentioned battery 1 being changed to when invalid, and above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting.Further, the maximal power tracing unit 608 that boosts, also be used for when the judged result of second judging unit 603 for not, and the judged result of the 3rd judging unit 604 is carried out the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting to above-mentioned battery 1 also for not the time.In embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned battery 1 is carried out describe among boost maximal power tracing flow process and Fig. 5 identical, just repeat no more at this.
See also Figure 10, maximal power tracing unit 608 structural representations that boost that provide for the embodiment of the invention.Shown in figure 10, the maximal power tracing unit 608 that boosts comprises: second switch management and control system unit 6081, second busbar voltage are provided with unit 6082, second computing unit 6083 and the control unit 6084 that boosts.
Second switch management and control system unit 6081, when being used for boosted switch pipe and being in off-state in the loop of boosting at current above-mentioned battery 1 place, the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at the above-mentioned battery of conducting 1 place.
Second busbar voltage is provided with unit 6082, and the busbar voltage initial value that is used to be provided with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 800 equals above-mentioned first threshold values.In embodiments of the present invention; If the busbar voltage initial value of current photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 800 is during less than above-mentioned first threshold values; Second step-length according to predetermined progressively increases to above-mentioned first threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 800 so that the maximal power tracing algorithm when switching the busbar voltage of system can seamlessly transit.
Second computing unit 6083 is used for the input voltage and the input current of the above-mentioned battery 1 that sampling obtains according to sampling unit 601, the input power of counting cell 1, and utilize method of perturbation to calculate the second disturbance voltage according to the input power of battery 1.In embodiments of the present invention, the computational methods of the computational methods of the input power of battery 1 and the second disturbance voltage respectively with Fig. 5 in B3, B4 step identical, just repeat no more at this.
The control unit 6084 that boosts, the second disturbance voltage that is used for obtaining according to above-mentioned second computing unit 6083 is to the control of boosting of the input voltage of above-mentioned battery 1.
Concrete, the control unit 6084 that boosts can comprise: second makes differential mode piece, the second proportional integral adjustment module, the second ratio adjustment module and boosts control submodule (not shown).Wherein, second makes the differential mode piece, is used for the current input voltage of above-mentioned battery 1 is deducted the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage, obtains second difference; The second proportional integral adjustment module is used for making the second difference passing ratio integration that the differential mode piece obtains with second and regulates and obtain second current value; Above-mentioned second to make the current value of inductance on the loop of boosting of second current value that the differential mode piece also is used for the second proportional integral adjustment module is obtained and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 800 poor, obtains the second electric current difference; The second ratio adjustment module is used for doing to obtain second output variable after the second electric current difference passing ratio that the differential mode piece obtains is regulated with above-mentioned second; The control submodule boosts; Second output variable that is used to utilize the above-mentioned second ratio adjustment module to obtain is controlled the ON time of the boosted switch pipe on the loop of boosting at above-mentioned battery 1 place; With the control of boosting of this input voltage to battery 1, so the input power that makes battery 1 towards the maximal power tracing point of battery 1 near.
Please continue to consult Fig. 9; Second AM unit 609 is used for input voltage at the 6084 pairs of above-mentioned batteries 1 of control unit that boost and boosts before the control; If the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage surpasses second maximum threshold that presets; Then the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing, perhaps if the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage less than second minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the above-mentioned second disturbance voltage and handles.In embodiments of the present invention, through second AM unit 609 is set, can avoid the excessive phenomenon generation that possibly cause photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 800 place systems instability even collapse of input voltage because of the inversion circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 800.
Need to prove; Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 600,700,800 in the embodiment of the invention can be used for realizing whole technical schemes of said method embodiment; The function of its each functional module can specifically realize according to the method among the said method embodiment; Its concrete implementation procedure can repeat no more with reference to the associated description in the foregoing description here.
Therefore; Set first threshold values and second threshold values in the embodiment of the invention; And first threshold values is greater than second threshold values; Set the maximum tracking mark of inversion of this road battery through the cell voltage relatively gathered and the size of first threshold values, second threshold values, carry out the inversion maximal power tracing or boost maximal power tracing according to this road battery of the maximum tracking mark judgement of inversion.Through independent control two-way or multichannel battery, make the input of every road battery all reach the maximal power tracing point, make photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter when taking over the battery of meaning road different qualities, can accurately search out the maximal power tracing point of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system.And; Because the maximum power tracking method of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the embodiment of the invention optionally carries out maximal power tracing in inverter circuit; With respect to only using booster circuit to do the scheme of maximal power tracing, effectively increased the maximal power tracing scope of system.
The those skilled in the art can be well understood to, for the convenience described with succinct, the concrete course of work of the device of foregoing description and unit can repeat no more at this with reference to the corresponding process among the preceding method embodiment.
In several embodiment that the application provided, should be understood that the apparatus and method that disclosed can realize through other mode.For example, device embodiment described above only is schematically, for example; The division of said unit; Only be that a kind of logic function is divided, during actual the realization other dividing mode can be arranged, for example a plurality of unit or assembly can combine or can be integrated into another system; Or some characteristics can ignore, or do not carry out.Another point, the coupling each other that shows or discuss or directly coupling or communication to connect can be through some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING of device or unit or communication connect, and can be electrically, machinery or other form.
Said unit as separating component explanation can or can not be physically to separate also, and the parts that show as the unit can be or can not be physical locations also, promptly can be positioned at a place, perhaps also can be distributed on a plurality of NEs.Can realize the purpose of present embodiment scheme according to the needs selection some or all of unit wherein of reality.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in the processing unit, also can be that the independent physics in each unit exists, and also can be integrated in the unit two or more unit.Above-mentioned integrated unit both can adopt the form of hardware to realize, also can adopt the form of SFU software functional unit to realize.
If said integrated unit is realized with the form of SFU software functional unit and during as independently production marketing or use, can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium.Based on such understanding; Part or all or part of of this technical scheme that technical scheme of the present invention contributes to prior art in essence in other words can come out with the embodied of software product; This computer software product is stored in the storage medium; Comprise some instructions with so that computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, the perhaps network equipment etc.) carry out all or part of step of the said method of each embodiment of the present invention.And aforesaid storage medium comprises: various media that can be program code stored such as USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD.
More than the maximum power tracking method and the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter provided by the present invention carried out detailed introduction; For one of ordinary skill in the art; Thought according to the embodiment of the invention; The part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, to sum up, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (24)

1. the maximum power tracking method of a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is characterized in that, said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is by the two-way battery is as the input power supply at least, and said maximum power tracking method comprises:
The wherein input voltage of one road battery 1 to the said battery of two-way is at least sampled;
Whether the input voltage of battery 1 of judging current sampling is greater than first threshold values that presets;
If the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is not more than first threshold values that presets, whether the input voltage of battery 1 of then judging said current sampling is less than second threshold values that presets, and wherein, said first threshold values is greater than said second threshold values;
If the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is not less than second threshold values that presets, judge then whether the maximum tracking mark of inversion of battery 1 is effective; And
If the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is effective, then said battery 1 is carried out the inversion maximal power tracing.
2. maximum power tracking method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, whether the input voltage of the said battery 1 of judging current sampling also comprises after the step greater than first threshold values that presets:
If the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling greater than said first threshold values that presets, then is changed to the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 effectively, and said battery 1 is carried out the inversion maximal power tracing.
3. maximum power tracking method according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Said sampling also comprises samples to the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way at least, and wherein, the step that said battery 1 is carried out the inversion maximal power tracing also comprises:
Break off the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at said battery 1 place;
The busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said second threshold values;
The input power of all batteries that said input voltage that obtains according to said sampling and said input current calculate the maximum tracking mark of current inversion respectively when being effective, with the input power summation of said all batteries to obtain the inversion input power;
According to said inversion input power, utilize method of perturbation to calculate the first disturbance voltage; And
According to the busbar voltage initial value of said first disturbance voltage and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the input voltage of said battery 1 is carried out inversion control.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the step that the said busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said second threshold values comprises:
If the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter greater than said second threshold values, then progressively decays to said second threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to the first predetermined step-length.
5. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the step of carrying out inversion control at said input voltage to said battery 1 comprises before:
If the said first disturbance voltage surpasses first maximum threshold that presets, then the said first disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing, perhaps if the said first disturbance voltage less than first minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said first disturbance voltage and handles.
6. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the step that said input voltage to said battery 1 carries out inversion control comprises:
The busbar voltage of current said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is deducted the busbar voltage initial value of said first disturbance voltage and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, obtain first difference;
Said first difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained first current value;
The current value of inductance on the inversion circuit of said first current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is poor, obtain the first electric current difference;
With obtaining first output variable after the said first electric current difference passing ratio adjusting, utilize said first output variable to control the ON time of the inverse switch pipe on the inversion circuit of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, carry out inversion control with this input voltage to said battery 1.
7. maximum power tracking method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, whether the input voltage of the said battery 1 of judging said current sampling also comprises after the step less than second threshold values that presets:
If the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is less than said second threshold values that presets, it is invalid then the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of battery 1 to be changed to, and said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing that boosts.
8. maximum power tracking method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, whether the input voltage of the said battery 1 of judging said current sampling also comprises after the step less than second threshold values that presets:
If the input voltage of the battery 1 of said current sampling is not less than said second threshold values that presets, and the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing that boosts to said battery 1 when being invalid.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described maximum power tracking methods; It is characterized in that; Said sampling also comprises samples to the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way at least, and wherein, the step that said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing that boosts also comprises:
If the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at current said battery 1 place is in off-state, the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at the said battery of conducting 1 place then;
The busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said first threshold values;
Obtain the input voltage of said battery 1 and the input power that input current calculates said battery 1 according to said sampling;
According to the input power of said battery 1, utilize method of perturbation to calculate the second disturbance voltage; And
According to the said second disturbance voltage to the control of boosting of the input voltage of said battery 1.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the step that the said busbar voltage initial value that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set equals said first threshold values is specially:
If the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter less than said first threshold values, then progressively increases to said first threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to the second predetermined step-length.
11. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the said input voltage of said battery 1 being boosted according to the said second disturbance voltage comprises before the step of control:
If the said second disturbance voltage surpasses second maximum threshold preset, then the said second disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing, perhaps if the said second disturbance voltage during less than second minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said second disturbance voltage and handles.
12. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, saidly according to the said second disturbance voltage the boost step of control of the input voltage of said battery 1 is comprised:
The current input voltage of said battery 1 is deducted the said second disturbance voltage, obtain second difference;
Said second difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained second current value;
The current value of inductance on the loop of boosting of said second current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is poor, obtain the second electric current difference;
Obtain second output variable after the said second electric current difference passing ratio regulated, utilize said second output variable to control the ON time of the boosted switch pipe on the loop of boosting at said battery 1 place, with the control of boosting of this input voltage said battery 1.
13. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is characterized in that, said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is by the two-way battery is as the input power supply at least, and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
Sampling unit is used for the wherein input voltage of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way is at least sampled;
First judging unit, whether the input voltage of battery 1 that is used to judge the current sampling of said sampling unit is greater than first threshold values that presets;
Second judging unit, be used for when the judged result of said first judging unit for not the time, whether the input voltage of battery 1 of judging said current sampling less than second threshold values that presets, wherein, said first threshold values is greater than said second threshold values;
The 3rd judging unit, be used for when the judged result of said second judging unit for not the time, judge whether the maximum tracking mark of inversion of said battery 1 effective;
Inversion maximal power tracing unit, be used for when the judged result of said the 3rd judging unit when being, said battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.
14. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 13 is characterized in that, said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises:
The trace labelling setup unit, be used for when the judged result of said first judging unit when being, the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is changed to effectively;
Wherein, said inversion maximal power tracing unit also is used at said trace labelling setup unit the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 being changed to when effective, and said battery 1 is carried out inversion maximal power tracing flow process.
15., it is characterized in that said sampling unit also is used for the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way is at least sampled according to claim 13 or 14 described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters, wherein, said inversion maximal power tracing unit specifically comprises:
The first switch controlled unit is used to break off the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at said battery 1 place;
First busbar voltage is provided with the unit, and the busbar voltage initial value that is used to be provided with said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter equals said second threshold values;
First computing unit; The input power of all batteries when being used for sampling obtains according to said sampling unit said input voltage and said input current to calculate the maximum tracking mark of current inversion respectively being effective; The input power summation of said all batteries is obtained the inversion input power, and utilize method of perturbation to calculate the first disturbance voltage according to said inversion input power;
The inversion control unit is used for the busbar voltage initial value according to said first disturbance voltage and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and the input voltage of said battery 1 is carried out inversion control.
16. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 15; It is characterized in that; Said first busbar voltage is provided with that the unit also is used for if the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during greater than said second threshold values, progressively decays to said second threshold values with the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to the first predetermined step-length.
17. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 15; It is characterized in that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises: first AM unit was used for before said inversion control unit carries out inversion control to the input voltage of said battery 1; If the said first disturbance voltage surpasses first maximum threshold that presets; Then the said first disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing, perhaps if the said first disturbance voltage less than first minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said first disturbance voltage and handles.
18. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 15 is characterized in that, said inversion control unit comprises:
First makes the differential mode piece, is used for that busbar voltage with current said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter deducts the said first disturbance voltage and said first busbar voltage is provided with the set busbar voltage initial value in unit, obtains first difference;
The first proportional integral adjustment module; Be used for said first difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained first current value; Wherein, said first makes the differential mode piece also is used for the current value of inductance on the inversion circuit of said first current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter poorly, obtains the first electric current difference;
The first ratio adjustment module is used for obtaining first output variable after the said first electric current difference passing ratio adjusting;
The inversion control submodule, the ON time of the inverse switch pipe on the inversion circuit that is used to utilize said first output variable to control said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carries out inversion control with this input voltage to said battery 1.
19. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 14; It is characterized in that, said trace labelling setup unit also be used for when the judged result of said second judging unit when being, it is invalid that the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 is changed to; Wherein, said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises:
The maximal power tracing unit that boosts is used for when said trace labelling setup unit the maximum tracking mark of the inversion of said battery 1 being changed to when invalid, and said battery 1 is carried out the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting.
20. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 19; It is characterized in that; The said maximal power tracing unit that boosts; Also be used for when the judged result of said second judging unit for not, and the judged result of said the 3rd judging unit is carried out the maximal power tracing flow process of boosting to said battery 1 also for not the time.
21., it is characterized in that said sampling unit also is used for the wherein input current of one road battery 1 of the said battery of two-way is at least sampled according to claim 19 or 20 described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters, wherein, the said maximal power tracing unit that boosts specifically comprises:
Second switch management and control system unit, when being used for boosted switch pipe and being in off-state in the loop of boosting at current said battery 1 place, the boosted switch pipe in the loop of boosting at the said battery of conducting 1 place;
Second busbar voltage is provided with the unit, and the busbar voltage initial value that is used to be provided with said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter equals said first threshold values;
Second computing unit; Be used for the said input voltage of the said battery 1 that sampling obtains according to said sampling unit and the input power that said input current calculates said battery 1, and utilize method of perturbation to calculate the second disturbance voltage according to the input power of said battery 1;
The control unit that boosts is used for according to the said second disturbance voltage the control of boosting of the input voltage of said battery 1.
22. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 21; It is characterized in that; Said second busbar voltage is provided with the unit and also is used for during less than said first threshold values, progressively the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter being increased to said first threshold values according to the second predetermined step-length at the busbar voltage initial value of said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
23. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 21; It is characterized in that said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises: second AM unit was used for the said control unit that boosts boosts control to the input voltage of said battery 1 before; If the said second disturbance voltage surpasses second maximum threshold that presets; Then the said second disturbance voltage is carried out amplitude limiting processing, perhaps if the said second disturbance voltage less than second minimum threshold that presets, then carries out increasing degree to the said second disturbance voltage and handles.
24. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 21 is characterized in that, the said control unit that boosts specifically comprises:
Second makes the differential mode piece, is used for the current input voltage of said battery 1 is deducted the said second disturbance voltage, obtains second difference;
The second proportional integral adjustment module; Be used for said second difference passing ratio integration adjusting is obtained second current value; Wherein, said second makes the differential mode piece also is used for the current value of inductance on the loop of boosting of said second current value and said photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter poorly, obtains the second electric current difference;
The second ratio adjustment module is used for obtaining second output variable after the said second electric current difference passing ratio adjusting;
The control submodule that boosts, the ON time of the boosted switch pipe on the loop of boosting that is used to utilize said second output variable to control said battery 1 place is with the control of boosting of this input voltage to said battery 1.
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