CN102609965B - Data processing method of panoramagram generated by dental CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) - Google Patents

Data processing method of panoramagram generated by dental CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) Download PDF

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CN102609965B
CN102609965B CN201210031814.2A CN201210031814A CN102609965B CN 102609965 B CN102609965 B CN 102609965B CN 201210031814 A CN201210031814 A CN 201210031814A CN 102609965 B CN102609965 B CN 102609965B
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curve
point
distance
panorama sketch
normal direction
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CN102609965A (en
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吴宏新
马晓昕
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Beijing Langshi Instrument Co.,Ltd.
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BEIJING LANGSHI INSTRUMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a data processing method of a panoramagram generated by a dental CBCT (cone beam computed tomography), comprising the steps of obtaining three-dimensional image data of full denture from oral digital tomography equipment; initializing a dental arch curve as a starting point of contraction or expansion; taking the contracted or extended curve as a dental arch curve used when expanding the panoramagram; obtaining a coordinate of each point on the curve, computing the normal direction of each point on the curve and setting the distance of the curve contracting inwards or expanding outwards; moving each point on the curve in the outer normal direction or inner normal direction of the point with a distance d; computing the distance of one point on a new curve to all points on the original curve; according to a distance threshold, performing screening; generating a final curve by all non-abandoned points on the new curve; and splicing multiple columns of data obtained by the final curve together in sequence to generate a corresponding panoramagram.

Description

A kind of dentistry CBCT generates the data processing method of panorama sketch
Technical field
Method of the present invention belongs to Clinical Science of Stomatology and field of Computer Graphics, is specifically related to the data processing method that a kind of dentistry CBCT generates panorama sketch.
Background technology
Digitizing layer radiography equipment for dentistry (is called again cone-beam ct apparatus, the English CBCT that is called for short) three-dimensional data collecting, can regard a series of axial vane surface images (referring to accompanying drawing 1) as, along forming perpendicular to paper direction is stacking.Traditional panorama function produces the two-dimensional panoramic figure of dental pattern, can not directly obtain two-dimensional panoramic figure, but can utilize the three-dimensional data collecting to reconstruct two-dimentional dental panoramic figure for the digitizing layer radiography equipment of dentistry.Panorama sketch, also referred to as surface fault figure, can be regarded as all teeth are carried out after curved surface expansion along the direction of denture bending, is arranged in order to carry out afterwards projection point-blank and obtain, as shown in Figure 2.On three dimensions, the gray-scale value of every bit is known, generate the method for panorama sketch with reference to shown in accompanying drawing 3: first along in accompanying drawing 3 papers perpendicular to the direction (being the normal direction of dental arch curve) of dental arch curve (middle that not with the curve of arrow), centered by dental arch curve, get certain thickness T, the gray-scale value on curve both sides is superposeed, obtain the value of a point on panorama sketch; Then according to the stacking order of axial vane surface image, on each axial vane surface image, carry out aforesaid operations successively, and be arranged in order the value by the point calculating on each axial vane surface image, obtain the value of panorama sketch previous column data; Then along the direction of curved, carry out curved surface expansion, obtain multi-column data and be stitched together and just can generate panorama sketch as shown in Figure 2.Before and after launching, the corresponding relation of coordinate system is: after accompanying drawing 3 dental arch curves are stretching, be the X-axis of accompanying drawing 2 images, in accompanying drawing 2, the Y direction of image is perpendicular to the direction of paper in accompanying drawing 3.
Dental arch curve in accompanying drawing 3 has determined to generate the position of panorama sketch, the initialization mode of this curve is, the first step by manually selecting several key points on dental arch, and these key points equidistantly distribute, with straight line or curve, connect adjacent key point again, as shown in Figure 4.
Second step need to be adjusted the position of curve, toward interior contraction or expansion outward, curve and real teeth arrangement position is coincide the curve after initialization.Shrink or the method for dilation curve be by curve a little along move inward identical distance perpendicular to direction of curve, as shown in accompanying drawing 5a and accompanying drawing 5b.
If the inside contract by distance of curve is too large, the method may produce the situation that curve is intertwined mutually, as shown in accompanying drawing 6a or accompanying drawing 6b, in this case by the panorama sketch of generation error.Must re-execute first step initialization curve, make operation become more loaded down with trivial details.
While solving curve shrinkage or expansion, be wound around key to the issue and be to judge and delete the part being wound around after curve shrinkage or expansion, and process curve knotting position contraction or dilation curve after screening are seamlessly transitted, method of the present invention solves the winding problem while generating initialization curve shrinkage in panorama sketch process or expansion based on this principle, thereby the operation steps that generates correct panorama sketch can be reduced.
Summary of the invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of dentistry CBCT generates the data processing method of panorama sketch, it is characterized in that following steps:
(1) first from oral cavity digitizing layer radiography equipment, obtain the 3 d image data of dental pattern;
(2) dental arch curve C0 of initialization, using it as the starting point of shrinking or expanding;
(3) obtain the coordinate of each point in curve C 0, and the normal direction of each point on calculated curve;
(4) the distance value d that inwardly shrinks or expand outwardly according to curve, inter normal direction or outer normal direction displacement d by each point on curve along this point, obtain curve C 1;
(5) upper certain point of calculated curve C1, to institute's distance a little in curve C 0, screens according to distance threshold, by the curve C 2 of dot generation after screening in curve C 1;
(6) first curve C 2 is processed, then according to curve C 2, multi-column data is stitched together successively and generates corresponding panorama sketch.
Further, in described step (1), described 3 d image data by a series of axial vane surface images along forming perpendicular to paper direction is stacking, these data comprise upper tooth row, mandibular dentition one of them, or comprise upper and lower dentition simultaneously.
Further, in described step (2), dental arch curve of described initialization is specially: adopt manual type on dental arch, to select key point, then connect successively adjacent point with straight line, or connect successively four adjacent points by B-spline Curve.
Further, in described step (3), described in obtain each point in curve C 0 coordinate be to sample and obtain in the straight line of constituent curve C0 or B-spline Curve by certain sampling interval.
Further, in described step (4), the acquisition of distance value d is in the following way: if user intend by curve C 0 move to through on image certain a bit, now user specifies the position of this point on image, then calculate this in curve C 0 distance minimum value a little as curve C 0, shrink or the distance d of expansion, and judgment curves expands outwardly or inwardly shrink.
Further, in described step (4), the acquisition of distance value d also can be in the following way:
User can operate to shrink or dilation curve with mouse roller, and mouse roller rolls forward and can think that curve will expand outwardly, and mouse roller rolls backward, can think that curve will inwardly shrink.The distance that mouse roller rolls, is converted to the distance d of curve shrinkage or expansion.
Further, in described step (4), need to record the coordinate of each point in curve C 1, and in curve C 1, each point is come by which point is mobile in curve C 0, the one-to-one relationship of putting in point and curve C 0 in curve C 1.
Further, in described step (5), according to distance threshold, screen and adopt following steps: upper certain the some P1 of calculated curve C1 in curve C 0 distance a little, in this P1 and curve C 0 there is a minimum value d2 in the distance of certain some P2, if this minor increment d2 is less than the distance value d described in step 4, this P1 is given up.
Further, in described step (6), described curve C 2 is processed and comprised: the point in curve C 2 is numbered successively along the trend of curve, is designated as L1, L2, L3......LN, N is total number of point in curve C 2; In the joint disconnecting, by the mode of multi-point average, near point butt junction carries out smoothly.
Further, in described step (6), panorama sketch corresponding to described generation comprises the following steps:
(6.1) on C2 curve, on point and C0 curve, the one-to-one relationship put can obtain by the one-to-one relationship of putting on point on C1 curve and C0 curve, approximately thinks that the normal direction of certain point is identical with its corresponding point on C0 curve on C2 curve;
(6.2) along the normal direction of the some L1 on C2 curve, centered by C2 curve, get certain thickness T, the gray-scale value on curve both sides is superposeed, obtain the value of a point on panorama sketch;
(6.3) according to the stacking order of axial vane surface image, on each axial vane surface image, carry out the operation of above-mentioned steps 6.2 successively, and be arranged in order the value by the point calculating on each axial vane surface image, obtain the value of panorama sketch previous column data;
(6.4) successively to the L2 on C2 curve, L3......LN point carries out the operation of step (6.2)-(6.3), obtains multi-column data and is stitched together successively and generates corresponding panorama sketch.
The present invention compares with technology in the past, only need curve of an initialization, then by shirtsleeve operation, shrink or expand this curve and just can make the curve after change coincide with real teeth arrangement position, thereby generate correct panorama sketch, without repeating initialization curve
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is: axial vane surface image schematic diagram, from axial vane surface image: teeth arrangement is in the alveolar bone of bow row, and denture or mandibular dentition in formation, be the direction of denture bending with the curve of arrow;
Fig. 2 is: dental panoramic figure schematic diagram, and the direction of denture bending in the x axle presentation graphs one in figure, y axle is the paper direction perpendicular to figure mono-;
Fig. 3 is: dental panoramic figure generative process schematic diagram, and in figure, the curve with arrow is not dental arch curve, T represents that with dental arch curve, getting thickness T superposes;
Fig. 4 is: initialization dental arch curve schematic diagram, and the key point of the point in figure for manually selecting on dental arch, connects with straight line or curve between them;
Fig. 5 a is: dental arch curve expands outwardly schematic diagram, and arrow direction, perpendicular to initialized dental arch curve, is that dental arch curve expands outwardly direction, and dotted line indication is the dental arch curve after expanding;
Fig. 5 b is: dental arch curve inwardly shrinks schematic diagram, and arrow direction, perpendicular to initialized dental arch curve, is the direction that dental arch curve inwardly shrinks, and dotted line indication is the dental arch curve after shrinking;
Fig. 6 a is: after the inside contraction of initialization curve (solid line), be mutually intertwined in (dotted line);
Fig. 6 b is: after initialization curve (solid line) expands outwardly, be intertwined in (dotted line);
Fig. 7 a is: the situation after shrinking for dental arch curve, the schematic diagram that the point in curve C 1 is screened;
Fig. 7 b is: for the situation after dental arch curve expansion, the schematic diagram that the point in curve C 1 is screened;
Fig. 8 a is: the situation after shrinking for dental arch curve, and near the coordinate of several points butt junction point is processed, and finally generates the schematic diagram of C2 curve;
Fig. 8 b is: for the situation after dental arch curve expansion, near the coordinate of several points butt junction point is processed, and finally generates the schematic diagram of C2 curve.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
1. first from oral cavity digitizing layer radiography equipment, obtain the 3 d image data of dental pattern, these data are by a series of axial vane surface images as shown in Figure 1 along forming perpendicular to paper direction is stacking, and these data can only include denture, only include mandibular dentition or comprise upper and lower dentition simultaneously.If only obtain the three-dimensional data of denture, the half range panorama sketch that only comprises upper denture will be generated; If only obtain the three-dimensional data of mandibular dentition, the half range panorama sketch that only comprises mandibular dentition will be generated; If obtain the three-dimensional data of upper and lower dentition, the view picture panorama sketch that simultaneously comprises upper and lower dentition will be generated.
2. dental arch curve of initialization, is designated as C0 curve, using it as shrinking or the starting point of expansion, shrink or expansion after curve using the dental arch curve using when launching panorama sketch.The mode of curve initial is: first by manually choose arbitrarily the axial vane surface image that wherein a width comprises whole dental arch region in a series of axial vane surface images, then in the dental arch region on image, in the direction of dental arch bending, select key point, with straight line, connect successively adjacent point again, or connect successively four adjacent points by B-spline Curve, curve after initialization should be able to cover whole dental arch, and meets the shape of dental arch bending.
3. obtain the coordinate of each point on C0 curve, this can sample and obtain with enough little sampling interval (being less than the size of a pixel, as 0.1 pixel) in the group straight line of cost curve or B-spline Curve.
4. calculate the normal direction of each point on C0 curve, the direction of definition curve expansion is outer normal direction, and the direction of curve shrinkage is inter normal direction.If what connect key point is straight line, the normal direction of putting on line between two key points is for (1, k), k is straight slope for this reason; If be B-spline Curve for connecting the curve of key point, due to B-spline Curve be parametric equation:
x=x(u),y=y(u)
B-spline curves equation is obtained to tangential equation after to this parameters u differentiate, then according to the tangential direction of every bit on curve, obtain this normal direction.
5. obtain the distance that C0 curve inwardly shrinks or expands outwardly, this distance can be obtained by user's software interactive.
For example: user intend by C0 curve movement to through on image certain a bit, now user specifies the position of this point on image, then this method will be calculated this distance d to institute's distance minimum value a little on C0 curve as C0 curve movement, and judgment curves expands outwardly or inwardly contraction.
Again for example: user can operate to shrink or dilation curve with mouse roller, mouse roller rolls forward and can think that curve will expand outwardly, and mouse roller rolls backward, can think that curve will inwardly shrink.The distance that mouse roller rolls, can be converted to the distance d of curve shrinkage or expansion.If the dental arch curve before mouse roller rolls is in expanding outwardly state, to the distance of C0 curve, be d0, mouse roller roll forward after dental arch curve by continuing, expand outwardly, to the distance of C0 curve, will become d0+d; After mouse roller rolls backward, dental arch curve will inwardly shrink, and to the distance of C0 curve, will become d0-d.If the dental arch curve before mouse roller rolls is in inside contraction state, to the distance of C0 curve, be d0, mouse roller roll forward after dental arch curve will expand outwardly, to the distance of C0 curve, become d0-d; After mouse roller rolls backward, dental arch curve will continue inwardly to shrink, and to the distance of C0 curve, become d0+d.
6., if in the 5th step, judgment curves will expand outwardly, this method is the outer normal direction displacement d along this point by each point on curve; If judgment curves will inwardly shrink in the 5th step, the inter normal direction displacement d by each point on curve along this point.Point after being moved by these obtains a new curve, is designated as C1, records the coordinate of each point on C1 curve, and on C1 curve, each point is to come by C0 curve, which point is mobile, the one-to-one relationship of putting on point and C0 curve on C1 curve.
7. calculate on C1 curve certain point to institute's distance a little on C0 curve, on this point and C0 curve, a minimum value d2 of distance existence of certain point, if this minor increment is less than the distance d described in the 5th step, is labeled as this point to be rejected.As shown in accompanying drawing 7a, from the 6th step, the P1 point in new curve C 1 is moved inward apart from d by the P0 point on primary curve, and P1 point on C0 curve the distance d2 minimum of ordering of the P2 in a little, and d2 is less than d, the P1 on C1 curve names a person for a particular job and is rejected.As shown in Figure 7a, the situation of curve expansion as shown in Figure 7b for the situation of curve shrinkage.
8. by new curve of all dot generation that are not rejected on C1 curve, be designated as C2 curve, and the trend along curve is numbered successively to the point on C2 curve again, is designated as L1, L2, L3......LN, N is total number of point.The situation of curve shrinkage is as shown in accompanying drawing 8a, the situation of curve expansion is as shown in accompanying drawing 8b, the joint disconnecting, mode with multi-point average, near point (choosing near the point of 10 left and right joint) butt junction carries out smoothly, solve the discontinuous problem in joint, method is: near certain butt junction point is numbered the point (0 < n < N) of Ln, getting X coordinate that Ln orders and its numbers each a of approaching left and right point and (is numbered Ln-a, Ln-a+1, Ln-a+2, ... Ln+1, ... the Ln+a) mean value of X coordinate, X coordinate as this Ln, get Y coordinate that Ln orders and its number each a of approaching left and right point (same, be numbered Ln-a, Ln-a+1, Ln-a+2 ... Ln+1 ... the Ln+a) mean value of Y coordinate, as the Y coordinate of this point.
9. because the one-to-one relationship put on point on C2 curve and C0 curve can obtain by the one-to-one relationship of putting on point on C1 curve and C0 curve, approximately think that the normal direction of certain point is identical with its corresponding point on C0 curve on C2 curve.After sampling the value stack of certain thickness, C2 normal to a curve direction generates panorama sketch, method is: the first step, along the normal direction of the some L1 on C2 curve, centered by C2 curve, is got certain thickness T, the gray-scale value on curve both sides is superposeed, obtain the value of a point on panorama sketch; Second step, according to the stacking order of axial vane surface image, carries out aforesaid operations successively on each axial vane surface image, and is arranged in order the value by the point calculating on each axial vane surface image, obtains the value of panorama sketch previous column data; To the L2 on C2 curve, L3...... point carries out the operation of above-mentioned two steps successively, obtains multi-column data and is stitched together successively and generates corresponding panorama sketch.

Claims (5)

1. dentistry CBCT generates a data processing method for panorama sketch, it is characterized in that:
(1) first from oral cavity digitizing layer radiography equipment, obtain the 3 d image data of dental pattern;
(2) dental arch curve C0 of initialization, using it as the starting point of shrinking or expanding;
(3) obtain the coordinate of each point in curve C 0, and the normal direction of upper each point of calculated curve C0;
(4) the distance value d that inwardly shrinks or expand outwardly according to curve, inter normal direction or outer normal direction displacement d by each point in curve C 0 along this point, obtain curve C 1; The acquisition of described distance value d is in the following way: if user intend by curve C 0 move to through on image certain a bit, now user specifies the position of this point on image, then calculate this in curve C 0 distance minimum value a little as curve C 0, shrink or the distance d of expansion, and judgment curves expands outwardly or inwardly shrink;
Or user can operate to shrink or dilation curve with mouse roller, mouse roller rolls forward and can think that curve will expand outwardly, and mouse roller rolls backward, can think that curve will inwardly shrink; The distance that mouse roller rolls, is converted to the distance d of curve shrinkage or expansion;
(5) upper certain point of calculated curve C1, to institute's distance a little in curve C 0, screens according to distance threshold, by the curve C 2 of dot generation after screening in curve C 1;
(6) first curve C 2 is processed, then according to curve C 2, multi-column data is stitched together successively and generates corresponding panorama sketch; Described curve C 2 is processed and comprised: the point in curve C 2 is numbered successively along the trend of curve, is designated as L1, L2, L3......LN, N is total number of point in curve C 2; In the joint disconnecting, by the mode of multi-point average, near point butt junction carries out smoothly;
Panorama sketch corresponding to described generation comprises the following steps:
(6.1) on C2 curve, on point and C0 curve, the one-to-one relationship put can obtain by the one-to-one relationship of putting on point on C1 curve and C0 curve, approximately thinks that the normal direction of certain point is identical with its corresponding point on C0 curve on C2 curve;
(6.2) along the normal direction of the some L1 on C2 curve, centered by C2 curve, get certain thickness T, the gray-scale value on curve both sides is superposeed, obtain the value of a point on panorama sketch;
(6.3) according to the stacking order of axial vane surface image, on each axial vane surface image, carry out the operation of above-mentioned steps (6.2) successively, and be arranged in order the value by the point calculating on each axial vane surface image, obtain the value of panorama sketch previous column data;
(6.4) successively to the L2 on C2 curve, L3......LN point carries out the operation of step (6.2)-(6.3), obtains multi-column data and is stitched together successively and generates corresponding panorama sketch;
In described step (5), according to distance threshold, screen and adopt following steps:
Upper certain the some P1 of calculated curve C1 is to institute's distance a little in curve C 0, and in this P1 and curve C 0, certain puts a minimum value d2 of distance existence of P2, if this minor increment d2 is less than the distance value d described in step (4), this P1 is given up.
2. dentistry CBCT according to claim 1 generates the data processing method of panorama sketch, it is characterized in that: in step (1), described 3 d image data by a series of axial vane surface images along forming perpendicular to paper direction is stacking, these data comprise upper tooth row, mandibular dentition one of them, or comprise upper and lower dentition simultaneously.
3. dentistry CBCT according to claim 1 generates the data processing method of panorama sketch, it is characterized in that: in step (2), dental arch curve of described initialization is specially: adopt the dental arch region of manual type on axial vane surface image to select key point, with straight line, connect successively adjacent point again, or connect successively four adjacent points by B-spline Curve.
4. dentistry CBCT according to claim 3 generates the data processing method of panorama sketch, it is characterized in that: in step (3), described in obtain each point in curve C 0 coordinate be to sample and obtain in the straight line of constituent curve C0 or B-spline Curve by certain sampling interval.
5. dentistry CBCT according to claim 1 generates the data processing method of panorama sketch, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), record the coordinate of each point in curve C 1, and each point is come by curve C 0, which point is mobile in curve C 1, the one-to-one relationship of putting in point and curve C 0 in curve C 1.
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ITUB20151800A1 (en) * 2015-07-02 2017-01-02 Cefla S C METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE ACQUISITION OF PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHIES AND VOLUMETRIC RADIOGRAPHIES CBCT
CN105608747B (en) * 2015-12-17 2018-11-06 首都师范大学 A method of from three-dimensional dentistry conical beam CT extracting data panorama sketch
CN106373138B (en) * 2016-08-30 2019-07-02 海纳医信(北京)软件科技有限责任公司 For extracting the image processing method and device of dental arch curve
EP3547949B1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2023-11-29 Dental Imaging Technologies Corporation Method and system for braces removal from dentition mesh
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CN111110264B (en) * 2019-12-28 2022-06-17 常州博恩中鼎医疗科技有限公司 Optimization method of dental CBCT panoramic motion trajectory
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