CN102606464B - Real-time monitoring and preventing method for surge and stall of axial flow fan - Google Patents
Real-time monitoring and preventing method for surge and stall of axial flow fan Download PDFInfo
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- CN102606464B CN102606464B CN201110429450.9A CN201110429450A CN102606464B CN 102606464 B CN102606464 B CN 102606464B CN 201110429450 A CN201110429450 A CN 201110429450A CN 102606464 B CN102606464 B CN 102606464B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time monitoring and preventing method for surge and stall of an axial flow fan, wherein the method can monitor parameters of installation angles, air quantity, pressure heads and the like of a movable blade of a fan in real time and send monitoring values into a working point corresponding to a fan performance curve in a monitoring system to compare whether the working point is around a surge and stall alarm zone of a running curve to timely judge and early warn. The real-time monitoring and preventing method can timely find safety hazards in running of the fan, hysteresis quality of monitoring and prevention is eliminated, stability of burning work conditions of a boiler is effectively guaranteed, and a machine set is led to run safely and stably.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to axial fan field, relate to a kind of to the detection of axial fan operating mode and accident prevention method, especially a kind of axial-flow blower surge and stall Real-Time Monitoring and prevention method.
Background technique
Axial fan is the blower fan of a kind of low-head, large flow, and its superiority obtains everybody approval day by day, and is widely used in each industrial field.Axial-flow blower complex structure, the dynamic component of rotation is more, so its reliability ratio centrifugal blower fan is slightly weaker, is mainly reflected in the surge stall of blower fan.During blower fan surge, what air-flow was strong flows periodically back and forth, can cause noise to become large, blade stress increasing, to impeller and bearing and the very large impulse force of connected element generation thereof, when these power increase to a certain degree, can make rotation and the static part of blower fan rupture, even destroy whole blower fan, so we to avoid blower fan in the work of surge stall zone.The surge stall monitoring of axial-flow blower is with the form of surge stall switch, to carry out the supervision warning of its running state at present, after surge switch is reported to the police, remind operations staff's blower fan to enter in nonclient area, must process timely, prevent that long-term surge from causing the unstable of the damage of equipment and operating conditions.While processing again after surge occurs, not only the security of operation of unit has been caused to adverse effect, and equipment has been caused to certain infringement, so be necessary that surge prevents in advance to blower fan.
There is surge in when operation in blower fan, the flow of blower fan, total head and power produce pulsation or significantly pulsation, simultaneously with obvious noise, sometimes or even the noise of high-decibel.Vibration during surge is very violent sometimes, damages blower fan and pipe-line system, so blower fan cannot normally move when surge occurs.For early warning surging phenomenon occurs, axial-flow blower is normally at impeller inlet place device surge alarm device, and this device is by a Pitot tube, to be arranged in the place ahead of impeller, and the opening of Pitot tube is facing to the sense of rotation of impeller, as shown below.Pitot tube is by the end of a straight tube curved (opening of Pitot tube is faced toward to airflow direction) in 90 °, with a U-shaped pipe, be connected with Pitot tube, the reading of U-shaped pipe (pressure gauge) should be the kinetic energy (dynamic pressure) and static pressure sum (total head) of air-flow.Under normal circumstances, the stream pressure that Pitot tube measures is negative value, because it measures, is the pressure before impeller.But when blower fan enters surge area work, because producing, stream pressure fluctuates widely, so the pressure that Pitot tube measures is also the value of a fluctuation.For the pulsating pressure that Pitot tube is sent can send alarm signal by pressure switch, the alarming value of Pitot tube is to stipulate like this: when moving vane is in minimum angles position (30 °), with the pressure that a U-shaped pipe records before draught fan impeller, add 2000Pa pressure, as the warning setting valve of surge alarm device.When operating conditions surpasses surge limit, by Pitot tube and differential pressure switch, utilize acousto-optic to send alarm signal to operating console, require operations staff to process in time, make blower fan return to nominal situation operation.
Surge stall alert switch familiar lacunas: use surge stall switch as obviously some hysteresis of means of axial-flow blower running state monitoring, after occurring, surge stall phenomenon sets about again processing the meaning of often a little " mending the fold after the sheep is lost ", likely cause thus the infringement of Fan Equipment to occur, more even have influence on the stable combustion condition of boiler and cause boiler MFT tripping operation, bring adverse effect to safety, the stable operation of unit.
The above surge stall switch can not meet the needs of generator set long-term safety, economical operation as a kind of " reprocessing " mode to the early warning of current blower fan accident condition, so need to find under this its development and a kind of surge stall phenomenon in axial-flow blower running is carried out to real time on-line monitoring, and method of preventing accident in advance and occurring.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of axial-flow blower surge and stall Real-Time Monitoring and prevention method are provided, the method adopts carries out Real-Time Monitoring to parameters such as the moving vane setting angle of blower fan, air quantity, pressure heads, and monitoring numerical value is sent into operation point corresponding to characteristic curve of fan in monitoring system, to contrast its position, operation point, whether near the surge stall alert district of operation curve, judge in time and early warning.Thereby can find in advance prevention, avoid the operation point of blower fan to enter in surge stall zone, be conducive to the safe and stable operation of unit, produce certain economic benefit, avoid unnecessary equipment damage accident to occur.
The object of the invention is to solve by the following technical programs:
This axial-flow blower surge and stall Real-Time Monitoring and prevention method, comprising:
(1) monitor axial-flow fan blade angle and fan pressure head, by being depicted as thermal control curve after blade angle data test premenstruum (premenstrua) actual measurement corresponding to the aperture instruction of fan blade, be input in Thermal Control System;
(2) the blower fan Q-H curve negotiating thermal technology who producer is provided is depicted as the thermal control curve of this blower fan, performance curve as blower fan after this blower fan thermal control performance curve chart integration again operation fan pressure head being shown on CRT picture in thermal control performance curve chart upper blade angle corresponding blower fan real-time working point A and Thermal Control System shows, show current running state position, judge that present operating point A is whether in the work of the performance curve safety zone of blower fan, compare with the default surge alarm line being presented on thermal control performance curve chart, and send early warning in the scope of setting at surge stall alert line, inform that operation personnel judge in advance and process,
(3) in fan operation process, obtain the real-time blade angle of fan operation, simultaneously according to fan operation pressure head in real time, and compare with the thermal control curve of finishing in advance, in safety zone, work judging whether.
Further, in above step (2), in fan operation process, by the instruction of fan blade aperture, feedback information, directly obtain the real-time blade angle of fan operation, gather real-time fan outlet operation pressure head as real-time fan operation pressure head simultaneously.
Fan blade aperture is input in Thermal Control System after collecting by blade angle data test premenstruum (premenstrua) by-30 °～+ 15 ° corresponding to 0%～100% aperture instruction.
Utilize function generator, generate surge curve alarming line, put into automatic control system.
The present invention adopts the parameters such as the moving vane setting angle of blower fan, air quantity, pressure head is carried out to Real-Time Monitoring, and monitoring numerical value is sent into operation point corresponding to characteristic curve of fan in monitoring system, to contrast its position, operation point, whether near the surge stall alert district of operation curve, judge in time and early warning.Can find in time the potential safety hazard in fan operation, Monitoring and prevention does not have hysteresis quality, can effectively guarantee the stable combustion condition of boiler, thereby makes unit safety, stable operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the blower fan thermal control performance chart that X-Y plotter is drawn;
Fig. 2 is the control pathway figure that the present invention reduces blade angle;
Fig. 3 is FB(flow block) of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is axial-flow blower Q-H performance curve.
Embodiment
The left side of axial-flow blower performance curve has a saddle-shaped region, at this operation by sections, there will be the significantly pulsation of flow, pressure head and the power of blower fan, blower fan and pipeline can produce thus strong vibration, equipment running noises and the undesired operating mode such as significantly increase, be commonly referred to as " surge ", this unstable period district is called surge area.As shown in Figure 4, axial-flow blower Q-H performance curve, if reduce the flow of blower fan with throttling governing method, if blower fan operation point is on K point right side, blower fan work is stable.When the flow Q of blower fan < QK, at this moment the maximum pressure head that blower fan produces will decline thereupon, and be less than the pressure in pipeline, because ducting system capacity is larger, this in a flash the pressure in air channel be still HK, therefore the pressure in air channel is greater than the pressure head that blower fan produces and makes air-flow start to flow backwards in the other direction, by air channel, is poured in blower fan, and operation point moves to rapidly C point by K point.But air-flow flows backwards the air quantity in ducting system is reduced, thereby in air channel, pressure declines rapidly, D point when operation point is dropped rapidly to flow Q=0 along CD line, the air quantity that now blower fan is supplied with is zero.Because blower fan is remaining in operation, so the pressure decreased in air channel during corresponding D point, blower fan starts again output flow, for air channel in pressure balance each other, operating point skips to corresponding operating point F from D again.As long as extraneous required flow keeps being less than QK, said process repeats again.If the working state of blower fan is carried out again and again by F-K-C-D-F, the frequency of this circulation when being in step with the oscillation frequency of blower fan system, will cause resonance, and surge has occurred blower fan.
When blower fan is worked in surge area, flow rapid fluctuation, produces the shock of air-flow, makes blower fan that strong vibration occur, and noise increases, and blast constantly rocks, and capacity and the pressure head of blower fan are larger, and the harmfulness of surge is larger.Therefore producing surge, blower fan should possess following condition:
A) operation point of blower fan is dropped in the unstable region with hump shape Q-H performance curve;
B) ducting system has enough large volume, and it and blower fan form a flexible aerodynamic system;
When c) the air-flow oscillation frequency of the frequency of whole circulation and system is in step with, produce resonance.
For fear of blower fan, produce surge, the axial-flow blower surge that the present invention proposes and stall Real-Time Monitoring and prevention method adopt carries out Real-Time Monitoring to parameters such as the moving vane setting angle of blower fan, air quantity, pressure heads, and monitoring numerical value is sent into operation point corresponding to characteristic curve of fan in monitoring system, to contrast its position, operation point, whether near the surge stall alert district of operation curve, judge in time and early warning.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail to (referring to Fig. 3):
(1) monitor blade angle and fan pressure head.By by blower fan corresponding to every 5% instruction of fan blade aperture instruction (0%～100%) on the spot actual blade angle (for example: blade angle scope is between-30 °～+ 15 °) data test premenstruum (premenstrua) actual measurement after collecting, be depicted as thermal control curve and be input in Thermal Control System, in fan operation process, by the instruction of blade (0%～100%) aperture, feedback information, directly obtain the real-time blade angle of fan operation, gather real-time fan outlet operation pressure head (entering air preheater fan pressure head before) simultaneously;
(2) this characteristic curve of fan (Q-H curve) in addition producer being provided is drawn and is depicted as the thermal control performance curve chart (as shown in Figure 1) of this blower fan by thermal technology, performance curve as blower fan after this blower fan thermal control performance curve chart integration again operation fan pressure head being shown on thermal control performance curve chart upper blade angle corresponding blower fan real-time working point A and CRT picture shows, show current running state position, judge that present operating point A is whether in the work of the performance curve safety zone of blower fan, compare analysis with the default surge alarm line being presented on thermal control performance curve chart, and send early warning in the certain limit of setting at surge stall alert line, inform that operation personnel judge in advance and process.In fan operation process, by the instruction of fan blade aperture, feedback information, directly obtain the real-time blade angle of fan operation, gather real-time fan outlet operation pressure head as real-time fan operation pressure head simultaneously.
As Fig. 2, measure the real-time traffic that gathers fan operation, and according to the inleakage inverse fan outlet actual air volume of air preheater, simultaneously according to fan outlet pressure head data information, generate the current acceptable operating point A of blower fan
1, the assistance operator of synchronizeing with operation point A monitors judgement.
And fan delivery and pressure head signal are sent into thermal technology Q-H plotter, to monitor.On CRT, draw the performance curve of blower fan, and the acceptable operating point of blower fan is shown up, operation point is set to A point, and operator can directly see the operation working state of blower fan from above, as shown in the figure.
More than utilize function generator, generate surge curve alarming line, put into automatic control system, when operating point approaches surge line, send alarm signal.
Gather fan operation real-time current, vibrating numerical information, assistance operator monitors and judges.
Claims (2)
1. axial-flow blower surge and stall Real-Time Monitoring and a prevention method, is characterized in that:
(1) monitor axial-flow fan blade angle and fan pressure head, by being depicted as thermal control curve after blade angle data test premenstruum (premenstrua) actual measurement corresponding to the aperture instruction of fan blade, be input in Thermal Control System; Be specially: blower fan corresponding to every 5% instruction on the spot actual blade angle data test premenstruum (premenstrua) actual measurement is depicted as thermal control curve after collecting and is input in Thermal Control System, in fan operation process, by blade opening instruction, feedback information, directly obtain the real-time blade angle of fan operation, gather real-time fan outlet operation pressure head, described pressure head is to enter air preheater fan pressure head before simultaneously;
(2) the blower fan Q-H curve negotiating thermal technology who producer is provided is depicted as the thermal control curve of this blower fan, performance curve as blower fan after this blower fan thermal control performance curve chart integration again operation fan pressure head being shown on CRT picture in thermal control performance curve chart upper blade angle corresponding blower fan real-time working point A and Thermal Control System shows, show current running state position, judge that present operating point A is whether in the work of the performance curve safety zone of blower fan, compare with the default surge alarm line being presented on thermal control performance curve chart, and send early warning in the scope of setting at surge stall alert line, inform that operation personnel judge in advance and process, wherein in fan operation process, by the instruction of fan blade aperture, feedback information, directly obtain the real-time blade angle of fan operation, gather real-time fan outlet operation pressure head as real-time fan operation pressure head simultaneously, utilize function generator, generate surge curve alarming line, put into automatic control system,
(3) in fan operation process, obtain the real-time blade angle of fan operation, simultaneously according to fan operation pressure head in real time, and compare with the thermal control curve of finishing in advance, in safety zone, work judging whether.
2. axial-flow blower surge according to claim 1 and stall Real-Time Monitoring and prevention method, it is characterized in that, fan blade aperture is input in Thermal Control System after collecting by blade angle data test premenstruum (premenstrua) by-30 °～+ 15 ° corresponding to 0%～100% aperture instruction.
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| CN201110429450.9A CN102606464B (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2011-12-15 | Real-time monitoring and preventing method for surge and stall of axial flow fan |
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| CN201110429450.9A CN102606464B (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2011-12-15 | Real-time monitoring and preventing method for surge and stall of axial flow fan |
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