CN102604134B - Cellulose based water-absorbing and oil-absorbing film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cellulose based water-absorbing and oil-absorbing film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102604134B
CN102604134B CN2012100386169A CN201210038616A CN102604134B CN 102604134 B CN102604134 B CN 102604134B CN 2012100386169 A CN2012100386169 A CN 2012100386169A CN 201210038616 A CN201210038616 A CN 201210038616A CN 102604134 B CN102604134 B CN 102604134B
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lignocellulose
absorbing
oil
preparation
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CN102604134A (en
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徐德增
刘智超
郭静
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a cellulose based water-absorbing and oil-absorbing film. According to the invention, water-absorbing substances and oil-absorbing substances are grafted on lignocellulose, the prepared film is smart and convenient to use and is wide in application fields. The homogeneous grafting copolymerization is adopted, and the problems of the microphase separation of heterogeneous copolymerization, unsatisfactory grafting effect and uneven component distribution are avoided effectively. As the substrate material (namely, cellulose) has good degradability and can eliminate the pollution of the waste synthesized material to the environment and maintains the ecological balance, the problem that the common water-absorbing and oil-absorbing materials can not meet the water absorbing and oil absorbing properties and biodegradation simultaneously can be solved.

Description

A kind of cellulose base water suction oil suction film and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cellulose base water suction oil suction film, belong to the natural macromolecular material field.
Background technology
Mierocrystalline cellulose is the maximum natural high polymer of quantity on the earth, comes from trees, straw, cotton and other agricultural byproducts, and its cost is low, belongs to renewable resources.The derivatize product of Mierocrystalline cellulose after by the physics and chemistry modification has been widely used in the fields such as chemical industry, medicine, environmental protection, material of construction, petroleum chemistry, therefore Mierocrystalline cellulose, as a kind of eco-friendly renewable resources, makes countries in the world all attach great importance to the research and development to it.Traditional fibre grafting copolyreaction is all carried out in nonhomogeneous system, if these reactions are carried out in homogeneous system, just can effectively control the substitution value of derivatived cellulose, regularly substituted radical is incorporated on cellulosic backbone, control better the physicochemical property of products obtained therefrom than heterogeneous conditions, be conducive to improve the homogeneity of speed of response and product property, improve its range of application.Therefore, adopt the homogeneous phase method to carry out graft polymerization reaction, there is more importantly social benefit.
Amphipathic graft copolymer (being called for short AGP) is one of focus of current functional high molecule material research field.Amphipathic wetting ability and the lipophilicity of referring to, be that inconsistent two kinds of chains on thermodynamics are connected together by chemical bond-linking, thereby realized the assembling of amphiphilic species at molecular level.Amphipathic nature polyalcohol can be divided into graft copolymer and segmented copolymer structure.Yet the double suction multipolymer is different from amphipathic multipolymer, it is not only hydrophilic, oleophylic, the more important thing is that it can absorb water and can oil suction.If this polymkeric substance is put into to the medium of oil/water, stretching, extension in the oil/water two-phase medium, swelling and the absorption respectively of its oleophylic and hydrophilic segment, and be suspended in oil and water interface even.
Traditional take the single water suction oil absorption material that resin is matrix, raw material comes from petroleum chemicals fully, and this class sintetics is degradable through 500 years ability at nature, and environment is caused to very big harm.The Mierocrystalline cellulose that utilizes occurring in nature the most extensively to exist, produce the cellulose base water suction oil absorption material with broad prospect of application, the waste liquor treating agent as administering in industry and daily life of usining is administered environment, the comprehensive production cost decrease of oil suction product not only can make to absorb water, and due to the tiny internal structure of Mierocrystalline cellulose, the absorbent of the oil absorption material that can make to absorb water be improved significantly.Simultaneously, due to the excellent degradability of cellulose materials itself, also can eliminate the pollution of discarded synthetic imbibition agent to environment, maintaining ecological balance.Therefore, research environment close friend's reproducible cellulose base water suction oil absorption material, not only can reduce the destruction to environment, the waste of the energy, and the oil absorption material production cost decrease that can also make to absorb water, this also has great importance to enlarging its Application Areas.
The people such as Zhang Mingjie are at New Chemical Materials, have reported that starch graft acrylamide and methyl methacrylate prepare the method for the oil-absorbing resin that absorbs water in 35 (1), 59~60,2007.The water absorbent rate of the starch base water suction oil-absorbing resin that this method makes is 8-12g/g, and the oil suction multiplying power is 4-7g/g.It adopts heterogeneous polymerization, makes product water suction oil suction multiplying power not high, lacks society and economic benefit.
The people such as Cao Aili are in fine chemistry industry, have reported a kind of method for preparing the oil-absorbing resin that absorbs water by dispersion method in 21 (1), 90~94,2004.The employing polyvinylpyrrolidone is dispersion agent, and vinylbenzene and methacrylic acid are comonomer, and Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate is initiator, and divinylbenzene is linking agent, and synthesizing water absorbent rate is that 4.2g/g, oil suction multiplying power are 7.2g/g, has the polymers of double suction function.Equally, its water suction oil suction effect is not ideal enough, and the product feature of environmental protection is lower, lacks economic and practical.Therefore, need to find the preparation method of a kind of more environmental friendliness and economical and practical water suction oil absorption material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of cellulose base water suction oil suction film, comprise the steps:
1. the ethylenediamine solution that is 75% by lignocellulose with mass concentration is 1: 15~20 to mix in mass ratio, under 40 ℃, stirs 4h, filters, and washing is to neutral, and squeezing, obtain lignocellulose I; Wherein, the polymerization degree of described lignocellulose is 400~1500;
2. the lignocellulose I 1. step obtained and alkaline substance solution are 100: 3~6 to mix in mass ratio, and under-10~-20 ℃, after freezing 1~5h, stirring at room, obtain evenly, transparent mixed liquor I; Wherein, the mixture that described alkaline matter is sodium hydroxide and urea or thiocarbamide;
3. under protection of inert gas, in mixed liquor I, add initiator, under 30~60 ℃, stir 0.5~1h; Wherein, the mass ratio of described initiator and lignocellulose is 0.01~0.06: 1;
4. add the monomer of 1~4 times of lignocellulose quality, under 40~70 ℃, stir 1~6h, add N,N methylene bis acrylamide, continue to stir 1~3h, obtain mixed liquor I I; Wherein, described monomer is acrylamide and butyl methacrylate, and the mass ratio of described N,N methylene bis acrylamide and lignocellulose is 0.005~0.04: 1;
5. mixed liquor I I is centrifugal, knifing, be placed on the H of 10wt% 2SO 4Na with 12wt% 2SO 4Solidify 30min in mixed aqueous solution, washing, ethanol are washed, and dry, and obtain cellulose base water suction oil suction film.
In above-mentioned preparation method, for the optimisation technique scheme, the lignocellulose pre-treatment is block.In alkaline substance solution, the add-on of sodium hydroxide is preferably 5~10% of alkaline substance solution quality, and the add-on of urea or thiocarbamide is preferably 4~12% of alkaline substance solution quality.
In above-mentioned preparation method, initiator is preferably Potassium Persulphate, ammonium persulphate or benzoyl peroxide; Potassium Persulphate most preferably.
In above-mentioned preparation method, better in order to make graft effect, in monomer, the preferred mass ratio of acrylamide and butyl methacrylate is 0.25~4: 1.
In above-mentioned reaction, for further optimization, centrifugal to be preferably at rotating speed be 4000~8000r/min, and the time is to carry out under 15~30min.
The cellulose base water suction oil suction film that provides above-mentioned arbitrary described method to prepare is provided.
Therefore, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention has realized the homogeneous phase graft copolymerization of Mierocrystalline cellulose and acrylamide and butyl methacrylate, has effectively avoided the heterogeneous polymerization micron-scale phase separation, and graft effect is undesirable, component problem pockety.
2, in the present invention because the body material Mierocrystalline cellulose itself has good degradability, can eliminate the pollution of discarded synthetic materials to environment, maintaining ecological balance, thus met the demand that general water suction oil absorption material can not solve water suction oil absorbency and biological degradation problem simultaneously.
3, raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, and polymerization single polymerization monomer is easy to get and is inexpensive, and reaction process is simple, comprehensive production cost decrease.
4, solvent system of the present invention is than the more environmental protection of existing copper ammon solution, ionic liquid, and cost is lower, more is conducive to realize suitability for industrialized production, has important society and economic benefit.
5, the prepared product of the present invention is function film, and it is lightly convenient to use, and makes Application Areas more extensive.
Embodiment
Following non-limiting example can make the present invention of those of ordinary skill in the art's comprehend, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Investigate the performance of cellulose base water suction oil suction film in the present invention by measuring water absorbent rate and oil suction multiplying power, the performance of larger its film of numerical value of water absorbent rate and oil suction multiplying power is better.
1, water absorbent rate is measured:
Water absorbent rate (Q 1, g/g): accurately take a certain amount of function film (m 1, g) be placed in a certain amount of deionized water, at room temperature, after the abundant imbibition of standing 24h, through 200 purpose copper mesh, filter, (m weighs 2, g), calculate the product water absorbent rate;
Calculating formula is: Q 1=(m 2-m 1)/m 1
2, oil suction multiplying power is measured:
Oil suction multiplying power (Q 2, g/g): accurately take a certain amount of polymerisate (m 3, g) be placed in a certain amount of soybean oil, at room temperature, after the abundant imbibition of standing 24h, through 200 purpose copper mesh, filter, (m weighs 4, g), calculate the product water absorbent rate.
Calculating formula is: Q 2=(m 4-m 3)/m 3
Embodiment 1
1. the Mierocrystalline cellulose 5.0g that is 548 by the polymerization degree is ground into bulk, is placed in the there-necked flask of 250ml, under 40 ℃, adds the ethylenediamine solution that the 100g massfraction is 75%, stirring reaction 4h, and suction filtration, distilled water wash, to neutral, squeezes stand-by;
The alkaline substance solution of the sodium hydroxide that 2. adds 100g to contain 5wt% and the urea of 8wt%, under-12 ℃, freezing 5h, stirring at room, obtain even, transparent mixed liquor I;
3. the Potassium Persulphate that adds 0.24g, stirring reaction 0.5h;
4. the butyl methacrylate that adds acrylamide and the 2.5g of 2.5g, be warming up to 70 ℃ under stirring, isothermal reaction 2h, add the 0.08g N,N methylene bis acrylamide, continues stirring reaction 1h, obtains mixed liquor I I;
5. by mixed liquor I I on whizzer with after deaeration 20min under the rotating speed of 5000r/min, curtain coating knifing on sheet glass, then film being placed in to massfraction is 10wt%H 2SO 4And 12wt%Na 2SO 4Mixed aqueous solution in solidify 30min, through washing, ethanol is washed, and dries, and obtains cellulose base water suction oil suction film.
The water suction oil suction test result of cellulose base water suction oil suction film:
Specimen liquid absorbency rate (Q, g/g)
Water 23.51
Soybean oil 11.55.
Embodiment 2
1. the Mierocrystalline cellulose 4.0g that is 655 by the polymerization degree is ground into bulk, is placed in the there-necked flask of 250ml, under 40 ℃, adds the ethylenediamine solution stirring reaction 4h that the 80g massfraction is 75%, suction filtration, and water washing, to neutral, is squeezed stand-by;
In the alkaline substance solution of the urea that 2. adds 100g to contain 7wt% sodium hydroxide and 12wt%, under-12 ℃, freezing 5 hours, stirring at room, obtained even, transparent mixed liquor I;
3. the Potassium Persulphate that adds 0.18g, stirring reaction 0.5h;
4. the butyl methacrylate that adds acrylamide and the 1.5g of 2.5g, be warming up to 60 ℃ under stirring, isothermal reaction 2h, add the 0.06g N,N methylene bis acrylamide, continues stirring reaction 1h, obtains mixed liquor I I;
5. by mixed liquor I I on whizzer with after deaeration 15min under the rotating speed of 5000r/min, curtain coating knifing on sheet glass, then film being placed in to massfraction is 10wt%H 2SO 4And 12wt%Na 2SO 4Mixed aqueous solution in solidify 30min, through washing, ethanol is washed, and dries, and obtains cellulose base water suction oil suction film.
The water suction oil suction test result of cellulose base water suction oil suction film:
Specimen liquid absorbency rate (Q, g/g)
Water 21.83
Soybean oil 10.21.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of a cellulose base water suction oil suction film, comprise the steps:
1. the ethylenediamine solution that is 75% by lignocellulose with mass concentration mixes for 1:15~20 in mass ratio, under 40 ℃, stirs 4h, filters, and washing is to neutral, and squeezing, obtain the lignocellulose I; Wherein, the polymerization degree of described lignocellulose is 400~1500;
2. the lignocellulose I 1. step obtained is mixed for 100:3~6 in mass ratio with alkaline substance solution, and under-10~-20 ℃, after freezing 1~5h, stirring at room, obtain evenly, transparent mixed solution I; Wherein, the mixture that described alkaline matter is sodium hydroxide and urea or thiocarbamide,
Wherein, the add-on of sodium hydroxide is 5~10% of alkaline substance solution quality, and the add-on of urea or thiocarbamide is 4~12% of alkaline substance solution quality;
3. under protection of inert gas, in the mixed solution I, add initiator, under 30~60 ℃, stir 0.5~1h; Wherein, the mass ratio of described initiator and lignocellulose is 0.01~0.06:1;
4. add the monomer of 1~4 times of lignocellulose quality, under 40~70 ℃, stir 1~6h, add N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, continue to stir 1~3h, obtains the mixed solution II; Wherein, described monomer is acrylamide and butyl methacrylate, described N, and the mass ratio of N '-methylene-bisacrylamide and lignocellulose is 0.005~0.04:1,
Wherein, the mass ratio of acrylamide and butyl methacrylate is 0.25~4:1;
5. the mixed solution II is centrifugal, knifing, be placed on the H of 10wt% 2SO 4Na with 12wt% 2SO 4Solidify 30min in mixed aqueous solution, washing, ethanol are washed, and dry, and obtain cellulose base water suction oil suction film.
2. the preparation method of cellulose base water suction oil suction film according to claim 1, is characterized in that the initiator during described step 3. is selected from Potassium Persulphate, ammonium persulphate and benzoyl peroxide.
3. the preparation method of cellulose base water suction oil suction film according to claim 2, is characterized in that the initiator during described step 3. is Potassium Persulphate.
4. according to the preparation method of the described cellulose base of claim 1 or 3 water suction oil suction film, it is characterized in that centrifugal during described step is 5. is to be 4000~8000r/min at rotating speed, the time is to carry out under 15~30min.
5. the cellulose base water suction oil suction film that method claimed in claim 1 prepares.
CN2012100386169A 2012-02-20 2012-02-20 Cellulose based water-absorbing and oil-absorbing film and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102604134B (en)

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CN104987466A (en) * 2015-07-06 2015-10-21 安徽成方新材料科技有限公司 Polymer absorbent with enhanced polydimethylsiloxane modified cellulose and preparation method thereof
CN105131187A (en) * 2015-10-09 2015-12-09 厦门大学 Modified regenerated cellulose membrane and preparation method and application thereof
CN111304949A (en) * 2020-03-02 2020-06-19 赛尔睿思复合新材料科技(苏州)有限公司 Water-absorbing and oil-absorbing paper-like material and preparation method thereof

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CN101565488A (en) * 2009-06-01 2009-10-28 新疆大学 Preparation method of cellulose-based oil-absorption material

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101565488A (en) * 2009-06-01 2009-10-28 新疆大学 Preparation method of cellulose-based oil-absorption material

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