CN102602882A

CN102602882A - High-speed centrifugal nanoparticle preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN102602882A
Application number: CN2011100248342A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾亚东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-01-21
Filing date: 2011-01-21
Publication date: 2012-07-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed centrifugal nanoparticle preparation method, which is different from various traditional physical and chemical nanometer preparation methods. By means of simultaneous processing of high-speed rotational centrifuge and photoelectric irradiation denudation, the nanometer preparation efficiency is increased exponentially and quickly as compared with that of the traditional preparation methods. By the method, solid matters are directly made into nanoparticles through machines and equipment without assistance of additional materials, and semiautomatic or full-automatic continuous factory mass production can be achieved.

Description

High-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method,, almost can carry out the preparation of nano particle any solids such as metal or its compound in conjunction with photoelectricity and physics technology of preparing.

Background technology

Nanometer technology is the hot topic of making in the world today in the industry, and national governments and science and technology and industrial circle have dropped into the great amount of manpower financial resources and gone research and development in this field, and it is quite effective to can be described as in the nanometer application; But be relatively very backward and poor efficiency aspect the preparation of nano particle; Cost is high, causes the very product scope that is used in high tip of trace of nano particle major part thus, perhaps is in the laboratory sample state; And all be process for treating surface or the additive that is used for product basically; Such as high speed bit, electro-conductive glass etc., even but surface treatment; Existing product overall performance multiple formula is promoted; This shows the bright prospects of nanometer technology, the nanometer technology that Mr. Qian Xuesen was proposed in 1991 will cause the prediction of another Industrial Revolution in 21 century now, it seems now to have a little symptom of a trends.

Academic and the industrial circle in the world is through for many years difficult method of groping to develop multiple physics and chemical preparation nano particle; Such as melten gel-gel method, chemical precipitation method, chemical reduction method, electrolysis etc. in the chemical preparation method; Using vaporization condensation process, laser focusing, mechanical ball milling, ion injection etc. are arranged in the physics preparation method; In the synthetic preparation method of physical chemistry spray-on process, CVD method (heat, light, electricity, plasma etc.), gamma-radiation irradiation etc. are arranged; The above various nano particle facture respectively has its pluses and minuses, but all can only make nanopowder particles micro-ly, compares with great demand; Can only be a drop in the ocean; The present invention gets on the existing physico-chemical process of the complex optimum part basis at Zhen and adds exclusive high speed centrifugation preparation technique, and powder is produced efficient and compared with former method and be Exponential growth, for the batch production production in enormous quantities of nanopowder particles provides a real efficient approach.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to be raw-material nanopowder particles manufacturing technology with solid matter; On comparatively ripe nanometer technology of preparing basis such as laser evaporation, electron beam evaporation, high-frequency induction, arc discharge heating, powder condensation, combine the precise light electromechanical structure realization high speed centrifugation power that the present invention created, be example with laser irradiation; Its operation principle does; The intensive high energy of laser is beaten on the column solid, the surface receive according to atom or the molecule granule at place because of moment high temperature the similar Showed Very Brisk state that is about to fusion appears, becoming with the electric energy attraction key of other atom or micel, quite weakness is easily broken; And cylindric at this moment solid material itself has been done rotation at a high speed along with mechanism; So active atom or the molecule granule near molten state in solid material surface this moment receives enough big centrifugal force, before it is evaporated, certainly will roll into a ball the moment dialysis with other inactive and active atom and molecule; Being cast aside former solids rapidly beats behind the refrigeration wall of circular periphery and falls into powder groove; Coldly is become comparatively stabilized nano powder of chemical property from enlivening attitude simultaneously by speed, the chamber is built-in with automatic collecting device powder is collected in the air-tight bottle, more than all work all in the vacuum ring cavity, carry out; So do not have the risk of impurity and chemical contamination; More than action can be carried out continuously,, reloads then and carries out next operation cycle till all silkworm has lost gradually by laser until the column solid material; Except that the semi-automation of the above was produced, the utilization electromechanical integration technology can also realize that full-automatic continuing produces.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall appearance sketch of a centrifugal nanopowder particles machine, is the machine that core can also be made other profile and structure with the high speed centrifugation preparation technique, is not to be only limited to that this is a.

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view of this machine.

The specific embodiment

Solid matter has fusing point and boiling point sequencing when receiving the high temperature high-energy irradiation, just become gaseous state after XianCheng's liquid state, and this is an axiom; Nanometer is now made industry and all is accustomed to claiming laser or electromagnetism evaporation; Be that it is too fast to gasify because it is too intensive too surging really that laser or electromagnetic energy are compared general heat energy, naked eyes can't see liquefaction at all; Thisly high-strengthly can impinge upon on the solids; The former subgroup moment fusion of surface molecular is gasified then, and the molten state time is quite of short duration, and fusion thickness is quite micro-; Just usually said nano-scale; Key technology point of the present invention will be held and this of short duration fused solution time period of proper extension exactly, and moment throws away fuel rod with high speed centrifugation power with liquid object moment of this nano-scale before its gasification, and this centrifugal principle and the drying clothing moisture content principle of washing machine are the same simply effective.

Centrifugal nanopowder particles machine integral body shown in the figure one is salable and can guarantees the structure of inner condition of high vacuum degree; When installing, this kind of type requires to have higher installation horizontal operation face; 1 is the housing main body layer; Integral body mainly is welded by steel plate, and inside has that liner is heat insulation, radiation protective layer and the anti-encapsulant that freezes of high-temperature resistant.

The 2nd, seal cover, main body is made by steel plate, and is inner with the anti-sealing ring that freezes of high-temperature resistant; Such as silica gel; Outer periphery can add clamping shape or bolt button bit if necessary, and the seal cover of this kind of type is equipped with a hinge, must two people when antivacuum attitude is opened holds handle 16 simultaneously and up carries and getting final product; Must two people close equally when closing, buckle well button bit then and get final product.

The 3rd, nano powder conveying end hinge door, steel plate is processed the liner sealant, can guarantee vacuum in the entire machine cavity when closing.

Among the figure two, the 4th, powder is collected box, and sheet metal is processed; Also available plastic cement, there is a single or double acting door sealing device at its upper entrance place, and single or double acting door cuts out automatically when vacant; Be placed on conveying end and then hinge door 3 shut, hinge door 3 built-in contacts back down powder box, and nanopowder particles can be bled from box roof door crack; The work of powder process grain is accomplished hinge door 3 is opened, and single or double acting door cuts out automatically.

The 5th, refrigerating plant; Because the nanopowder particles of producing with this centrifugal process is from the instantaneous separation of fusing point; Its temperature promptly is the melting temperature of raw material; Its liveness is not high, resembles the high standard of traditional using vaporization condensation process so its refrigeration requires also not require, the temperature on the in general former stock column 11 refrigeration annular wall 17 on every side can be kept subzero 5 ℃ and get final product.

The 6th, powder is collected sheet, on its inner annular structure an internal gear is arranged, and with the axle tooth interlock of CD-ROM drive motor 18, and by the speed drive of this motor with about 2r/m, scraping blade is done the cycle rotation and promoted the leak that powder flows to powder collection place simultaneously in powder groove 7.

The 8th, high-speed motor and gear thereof, the 9th, motor cover, anti-dust effect, the 10th, the carriage of former stock column 11, built-in clamp mechanism guarantees that cylinder does not get loose when rotating at a high speed.

Former stock column 11 can be that any nanometer prepares the solid object material; Such as metal or metallic compound; If the intensity of raw material cylinder own can not be supported rotation at a high speed; Strengthen steel column for can be at the post center pre-buried one,, when former stock column 11 is about to degraded to steel column, quit work automatically through the electric time control of machine.

12 is the irradiation energy electric control room, electronic devices such as built-in laser generator (or high-frequency electromagnetic generator or electronics line ray tube), optical beam scanner 13 (or electronics line magnetic field diverter), infrared viewer.

The 14th, the vacuum suction valve is extracted air in the chamber out through external high-pressure pump during work via tracheae 15, and vacuum requires 4X10 at least in this equipment cavity ^-3Pa.

The 17th, the refrigeration annular wall; With the steel plate is base material; Inner surface covers one deck and has electric conductivity and diamagnetic high-temperature nano superconducting coating completely; And require to reach the best bright finish of mirror effect, and can make thus by cylinder and cast aside and come nano particle to lead rapidly except that excess enthalpy electronics and refrigeration rapidly, be difficult for being adsorbed on the wall.

The 19th, power line and the integrated cable of other control line.

This equipment concrete operations process description is following:

Be ready to the former stock column 11 of standard specification, open seal cover 2, former stock column 11 is placed locking in the carriage 10; Then seal cover 2 is built fastening, can powder be collected box 4 put and shut 3 fastenings of hinge door well by loop wheel machine if above step material is heavier; Energising, earlier through situation in external control panel and the watch-dog observation chamber, vacuum suction is opened and is accomplished; Formally start the machine then and start working, irradiation bomb starts, light that the irradiation scanner will original single straight line penetrates or electronics line become one and the fan-shaped plan that fixed angle is arranged of cylinder central axes beat on raw material solid; Powder is collected sheet 6 and is swept to powder with the powders that will degrade and cool off at a slow speed of 2r/m automatically and collects box 4, also can see that powder prepares situation in the chamber through monitor terminal in the equipment course of work, have no abnormally etc., is degraded until former stock column 11 quilts and to finish; Machine alarm and autostop, through theoretic preresearch estimates, the right side if Revolution Per Minute 60,000 turns left; The powder that will the copper post of 32 kilograms of bicirculars footpath 10cm height 50cm be become 5～10nm probably must cost 5 hours, then with power-off, vacuum suction valve 14 is opened put into air; Open hinge door 3, take out powder collection box 4 and also properly seal up for safekeeping, then seal cover 2 is opened; Defective material handle in the carriage 10 is taken out, put into new raw material and get into next operation cycle.

The more than just concise and to the point description of equipment operating process; Actual more complicacy; Control such as nanometer particle size is exactly individual relatively key and complex link; Must motor rotary speed and irradiation power be combined and regulate control, even will just can draw true useful empirical data through practical operation debugging repeatedly.

Claims

1. high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method of the present invention has efficiently, nanopowder particles direct and sustainability is made characteristic.

2. require 1 high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method according to the right profit, adopt high speed rotating centrifugal and photoelectricity irradiation to degrade the mode of carrying out simultaneously, make nanopowder particles produce efficient and compare with original various physico-chemical processes and be Exponential growth.

3. require 1 high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method according to the right profit, directly use board equipment to produce nanopowder particles, need not by other raw material reaction reduction.

4. require 1 high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method according to the right profit,, can realize automation or semi-automatic sustainability production fully because of its succinct technological process of production.

5. this invention high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method specification and the accompanying drawing description mode through control high-speed motor 8 rotating speeds and photoelectricity irradiation power can realize that nanometer particle size makes controlledization.

6. the rotary automatic collection powder mechanism of should the described powder of invention high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method specification and accompanying drawing collecting sheet 6.

7. should invention high-speed centrifugal nano particle preparation method specification and described refrigeration annular wall 17 architectural characteristics of accompanying drawing and effect thereof.