CN1025986C

CN1025986C - Four link roll forging method and its roll forging machine

Info

Publication number: CN1025986C
Application number: CN 91105161
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于汶溥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1991-07-25
Filing date: 1991-07-25
Publication date: 1994-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2006-07-25
Also published as: CN1060047A

Abstract

The present invention provides a very easy and practical roll forging method which can solve the problem that a drawing out working procedure is difficult in press die forging. A roll forging machine with four connecting rods, which is designed according to the method, can greatly simplify the existing roll forging machine with double supports. The roll forging machine with four connecting rods has the main technical characteristics that the roll forging machine with four connecting rods is composed of a pair of noncircular forging rollers and two pairs of cross connecting rods, and the forging rollers and the connecting rods are hinged via shafts and eccentric sleeves, so that roll forging can be realized via two fanlike dies simply by exerting reciprocating force on one side of the forging rollers. The forging machine with four connecting rods can accomplish the work in various roll forging technologies and can accomplish the drawing out process of shafts and the cogging process of a small amount of steel ingots.

Description

Four link roll forging method and its roll forging machine

The roll forging device that the present invention is attached on the forcing press is loaded on the various forcing presses, is the means that realize roll-forging process in die forging, and can oil cylinder be the power a tree name this design novel double base forging roll in the forging equipment, can claim four connecting rod forging rolls.

The manufacturing of middle-size and small-size forging part is a developing direction with replacement die hammers such as hotdie forging press, fly press and friction presses.But various forcing presses all have a common weakness, can not resemble exactly to be easy to finish preforming the die hammer, particularly dial farm labourer's preface and more can not finish.Generally need forging roll of configuration or pneumatic hammer etc. to finish for this reason and dial farm labourer's preface.Dial long more satisfactoryly with roll forging, but its equipment complexity is taken up an area of greatly, needs manipulator again, and once investment is very big.Therefore some factory would rather reduce stock utilization, or on the forging kind the restricted forging roll of also not buying.

The structure of existing forging roll is that to have an a pair of rotating speed identical, and the forging roller of switched in opposite is realized its basic demand with the method (as " scheming in the roll forging technology " 6-1) or the hydraulic pressure of machinery with the mechanical method that combines (as " roll forging technology " middle Fig. 6-9).Its common characteristic is that mechanism is huge, must establish one's own system.

Do not dispose the problem that shaping equipment also can be finished roll-forging process for solving in the press die forging, invent this and be attached to roll forging device on the forcing press, as add power source and itself also can be designed to four connecting rod forging rolls, this has just simplified the structure of double base forging roll, also just greatly reduces cost.

The roll forging device that the present invention is attached on the forcing press needn't dynamicly only be fixed between press slide and the following table this device or the side, and two fan-shaped roller forging dies just can be realized roll-forging process in slide block moves up and down.Its primary structure is made up of (6) two pairs of cross link of two non-circular forging rollers (1) (2) (5) and eight axles (7).Connecting rod is arranged in symmetrically forges the roller two ends, and is hinged to double base in the roll forging device with forging roller by axle (7) and eccentric bushing (8), and fan-shaped roller forging die (3) (4) is fixed on the forging roller with known method.Its operation principle is a lanar four rod mechanism, and forging roller is a rod member, and its computational length is K, and connecting rod is a rod member, and its computational length is L.As fan-shaped roller forging die radius is R, when L=(1.5～1.7) R; K=(1.03～1.06) R is subjected to reciprocating force at ac or bd one side, and two fan-shaped roller forging dies can obtain the effect that approximate two circle fixed points are rotated in 75 ° of scopes.If K, L not in above-mentioned scope, can obtain the roll forging action too, but the error of Z wants big.Considering structural factor K=(1.03～1.06) R is better, and rotating eccentric sleeve has then changed the size relationship of △ aeb and △ cfd, has also just changed the relative position between center of rotation and the fan-shaped roller forging die.Just can realize the adjustment and the die angle adjustment of drafts at work.Or under the constant situation of mould, making the drafts inconsequent, this is that present forging roll is not accomplished, so more can satisfy the requirement of roll-forging process.

From the above, being attached to roll forging device on the forcing press, to have structure extremely simple, and volume is little, and is in light weight.Under the situation of various forcing press die forgings, can determine four connecting rod sizes by stroke of a press parameter, finish roll-forging process in shoe edge or side, use the forcing press die forging thereby solved, itself be difficult to dial the problem of farm labourer's preface.

Make hydraulic pressure four connecting rod forging rolls, then can cancel the travelling gear in the existing D42 series forging roll, clutch, brake, flywheel and big frame etc.This has just simplified frame for movement greatly, has alleviated weight.Owing to be that working in reciprocating mode is not continuous rotation, the operation location also is safe from danger without manipulator easily, can cancel manipulator fully again, and this just more can reach the purpose that reduces production costs and shorten the production cycle.Owing to leverage, required pressure only is 1/2～1/3 of roll forging power again, and large-scale more forging roll economic benefit is big more.

Its shortcoming is owing to structural reason, only 60 ° at fan-shaped roller center of forging die angle, and forging short transverse tolerance is big than the D42 forging roll.As make format roll and forge then and will on the basis of calculating, mould be done corresponding finishing just can make forging precision reach the level of D42 forging roll.

The present invention has following accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is that the roll forging schematic diagram of device that is attached on the forcing press: R is a fan-shaped roller forging die radius, and K1, K2 and L1, L2 form four connecting rods, a, and b, c, d are the center of rotation of connecting rod; Z is the gap between fan-shaped roller center of forging die on line ef.M is for forging roller maximum functional corner.

Fig. 2 is the roll forging device process chart that is attached on the forcing press: A is an original state, and B, C, D are the sequential working state, and E is a final state.E, D, C, B, A get back to original state in reverse order when returning.

Fig. 3 is the diagram of drafts inconsequent: Z1＜Z2＜Z3

Fig. 4 is attached to the diagram that the roll forging device on the forcing press is used on press

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of hydraulic pressure four connecting rod forging rolls.

Fig. 6 is the cut-away view of eccentric bushing and guiding mechanism: gear wheel (21) has on pointer, forging roller (1), (6) and scale is arranged so that accurately adjust.Axle (7) available solid shafting, plate washer this moment (24) is fixing without long bolt (25), can be screwed in the pull bar both sides, and (23) be that nut, (26), (27) are the semicircle tapered sleeve.(28) be lock-screw.

Fig. 7 is one of hydraulic schematic diagram of four connecting rod forging rolls.By two-position three way magnetic valve (34) control oil cylinder (31) action.Operating rate and opening speed are regulated by two flow control valves (42) respectively.The overload safety device of roll forging power size and forging roll is finished by unidirectional unloader (37) and unloader (36).(32) be flow divider, (33) are check valve, and (35) are bladder accumulator, and (38) are oil pump, and (39) are oil filter, and (40) are cooler, and (41) are high pressure nitrogen.

The control of two-position three way magnetic valve is finished manually by electric wiring, and foot-operated two kinds of forms continuously, single, three kinds of standards of adjusting microinching, and are forged the adjusting of roller Work-corner size with travel switch.

Be structure and the effect that illustrates further the present invention, as follows according to the description of drawings of one of embodiment of the invention again:

Fig. 4 is attached to the roll forging device on the forcing press carries out roll forging on various forcing presses diagram for using, and is connecting by two ear seats (10), (11) between forcing press lower shoe (9) and the slide block (12) in the middle of forging roller (1), (6) homonymy diaxon.Figure is that slide block is at lower dead point position.Fan-shaped roller forging die radius and connecting rod size etc. should be by the dress modular space decisions of the stroke of a press and bottom dead centre at this moment.Closed height is the maximum dress of equipment modular space, and the big die holder that adds guide pillar is generally all arranged, and does not generally have too big space in the big die holder.So be placed on the die holder outside as shown, arrange for the easy to operate angle of will changeing certainly.For dialling long branch batching, need not adjust drafts as only, can be without eccentric bushing, this can make structure greatly simplify.Adjust drafts and angle as needs, for simplified structure also can make hexagon with the eccentric bushing profile, with cancellation eccentric bushing guiding mechanism.Available six fixed point sizes calculate each point work track and mould corner according to several leg-of-mutton corners relation in four connecting rods.During operation, when slide block is in top dead-centre, blank is placed on the fan-shaped roller forging die and locates, roll forging when slide block is depressed, the part that roll forging was good when slide block returned also turns back to fore side.When the divinatory symbol of needs adjustment fan-shaped roller forging die close height and corner, take out the hexagonal eccentric bushing, turning to needs the position to reinstall.Adjust inconvenience, but simple and compact for structure, under this kind form of implementation, operating position will move up and down in the same way with slide block.

Fig. 5 is four connecting rod forging rolls design embodiment: for making operating position maintenance level, axle (16), (19) are fixed in the fan-shaped roller forging die home position of forging on the roller.Axle (16) directly is articulated in the bottom of frame (13).Axle (19) is positioned upper rack by slide block (18).Two oil cylinders (14) are arranged in symmetrically forges the roller two ends, and is connected with the following roller (6) of forging by bearing pin (15), and the oil cylinder rod end is connected with last forging roller (1) by bearing pin (20).When the oil-feed of oil cylinder epicoele, can finish roll forging, when epicoele is drained the oil, make forging roller homing at once by the cavity of resorption air cushion by the oil cylinder pulling force.

When designing four connecting rod forging rolls, fan-shaped roller forging die diameter is forged the roller length available, forges roller centre-to-centre spacing regulated quantity, and the malleable square billet length of side and nominal pressure and forging roller rotating speed etc. are with reference to existing double base forging roll technical parameter.K, L size are chosen the back and use Calculation Method, graphic method, or do the method for areal model examination action with the book plate, verify K, L value, as verifying again behind undesirable modification K, the L.Because the adjusting of four eccentric bushings, can make four centers of rotation of a.b.c.d produce various combinations, adjustment to drafts and fan-shaped roller forging die corner will be learnt on the basis of intuitive analysis as calculated, certainly can be reflected to result of calculation intuitively on the scale of forging roller, tabulation just uses and has made things convenient for again.Forge when roller centre-to-centre spacing or fan-shaped roller forging die corner need be adjusted and all can finish by pinion (17) and gear wheel (21) rotating eccentric sleeve (8).Must the two ends symmetry carry out in the time of will noting adjusting simultaneously.Pinion has the spring ringfeder, and locking device (26,27,28) is arranged in the ringfeder.The axial adjustment of forging the axial location of roller and mould is with known additional locating ring and with the method for pad.

The foregoing description only is used to illustrate the present invention, is not in order to restriction the present invention.Not in the scope of spirit of the present invention, be familiar with this operator, principle can be done all displacements according to this.The change design is very obvious, such as making hand lever jewel forging roll; Drive positive and negative leading screw with oil motor and make the folding of forging roller; Even make with the steel wire rope transmission with the both sides assembly pulley and to forge the roller folding or only to establish eccentric bushing or the like in a side.All belong to feasible.All this kind variation all should be included in the present invention's the category.

Claims

1, a kind of roll forging device that is attached on the forcing press, it is characterized in that being fixed on the forging roller of the identical switched in opposite of a pair of rotating speed by a pair of fan-shaped roller forging die, two non-circular forging rollers (1) (6) by two pairs of cross link (2) (5) by hinged the forming of eight axles (7), as fan-shaped roller forging die radius is R, connecting rod computational length L=(1.5～1.7) R, forge roller computational length K=(1.03～1.06) R, then the fan-shaped roller forging die can obtain the forging that precision meets the demands with interior at 75 °, and only executes reciprocating force in a side and can finish roll forging.

2, according to claim 1 described be attached to roll forging device on the forcing press, it is characterized in that at axle (7) and forge between roller (1) (6) eccentric bushing (8) is housed, eccentric bushing is rotated by gear wheel (21) by pinion (17), forge adjusting of roller centre-to-centre spacing and fan-shaped roller forging die angular adjustment thereby finish, this adjusting must be carried out in forging roller two ends symmetry.

3, according to claim 1 described be attached to roll forging device on the forcing press, add that hydraulic system and oil cylinder promptly can be made into four connecting rod forging rolls, is characterized in that:

(1) forges roller (6) down and be articulated in frame (13) bottom by axle (16), last forging roller (1) is positioned upper rack by axle (19) and slide block (18), its axis (16) (19) is fixed in the home position of fan-shaped roller forging die, two oil cylinders (14) are arranged symmetrically in forges the roller two ends, and oil cylinder is by bearing pin (20) (15) and to forge roller up and down hinged;

(2) drafts of forging roll and mould corner are adjusted by rotating eccentric sleeve, and eccentric bushing (8) is rotated by canine tooth axle (21) by pinion (17), and pinion has retaining mechanism (26,27,28);

(3) axial force of forging roller is born the axial adjustment pad of mould by additional locating ring.