CN102595541B - For the method and apparatus of the downlink macro diversity in cellular network - Google Patents
For the method and apparatus of the downlink macro diversity in cellular network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention described here enables a kind of downlink macro diversity in packet switched cellular network network carry out.It allows by one or more access node (300,300 '), such as base station, connect on (402,502) from/to the available link iayer reaching a terminal node (200) (such as Wireless Telecom Equipment or terminal) at one group, transmit grouping (650,650 ', 652,652 ', 654,654 ', 656,656 ', 658,658 ', 660,660 ', 662) from network/internetwork to described terminal node (200) selectively.When the link layer between terminal node (200) and corresponding access node (300,300 ') connects (402,502), such as access link, signal strength signal intensity with interference are subject to independently or part relevant time variations time, downlink macro diversity is particular importance.According to the present invention, terminal node (200) is from one group of available access link, be grouped into basis with each, according to availability and other constraint of main channel status, air link resources, dynamically select the down link (402,502) that will use.Present invention improves over the robustness of communication and efficiency, the overall utilization of air link resources and the service quality experienced by terminal node (200).
Description
The application is that the application number submitted on November 5th, 2003 is 200380110191.7, name is called the divisional application of " method and apparatus for the downlink macro diversity in cellular network ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication system, especially, relate to the method and apparatus for the downlink macro diversity in packet switched cellular network network.
Background technology
The existing cellular network technologies based on CDMA, by using known " soft handover " mechanism, realizes being commonly called downlink macro diversity.In soft handoff mechanism, from the base station controller unit being usually located at Radio Access Network center, will at multiple copies of the descending chain circuit frame of link layer or M AC (MAC) sublayer, be sent to multiple base station transceiver concurrently, the copy of described descending chain circuit frame is transferred to Wireless Telecom Equipment or the terminal of user by described base station transceiver subsequently simultaneously.Then wireless terminal uses the technology of such as frame selection or soft combination, and arq (ARQ) mechanism, to attempt reproduce and correctly receive the frame sent from base station controller.The development of this design is support circuit-switched applications (such as voice) substantially, is not well suited for packet switching network/internetworking.This design is also applied with choose opportunities and synchronous requirement between base station transceiver and/or between base station controller and base station transceiver.
These requirements exceedingly limit many packet switching network/internet techniques.In connectionless packet switching network/internet such as those networks based on IP(Internet Protocol) (IP), the order of packets (or stream of packets) between two terminal systems in whole network/internetwork without the need to along identical path.Usually also need particular airlink interfacing to be dynamically confined to interface itself substantially, thus allow intelligent for the network layer edge mentioning fixed infrastructure.
iP(Internet Protocol) overview
IP technology is designed to make that the packet switching of the computer communication network of foreign peoples is interconnected can carry out.The gateway (or router) of serving by providing forwarding of packets, the network of the possible multiple difference group that interconnects and link-layer technologies.Information, as the data block being called as packet, is delivered to destination from source, and wherein carrying out source and destination (or main frame) is by the Address Recognition of regular length.Route in IP internet is in fact connectionless, because be that destination address based on hop-by-hop, in usage data bag carrys out forwarding data bag between the routers.Each router uses the inside of himself to transmit the forwarding deciding independently down hop.IP additionally provides the segmentation of long data bag and reconfigures, and if necessary, is transmitted by " little grouping " network.In some IP internet, between main frame and router, there is relatively little difference.At this, when without the need to distinguishing, term " node " will be used.Although the difference be suitable for substantially be arbitrarily IP node may transmit and receive data bag time, only have router can forwarding data bag.
interconnected between the IP network based on radio communication and network technology
Communicated and network technology by wired with wireless, all can be provided in the connection between the node in IP internet.Radio communication and network technology can be used for the direct connection be provided between the IP node of wireless communication device interface, or by non-IP radio link layer equipment, such as, as the WAP (wireless access point) of bridger between WLAN and circuit LAN.Under any circumstance, channel status, spatial relationship and other factors are all connected with important impact to physics and link layer, and this makes the connection of these links more dynamically and in time change compared with in circuit network.
Before IP packet can transmit between two Wireless Telecom Equipments, a feasible link must be set up.The process setting up wireless link can be undertaken by following a series of possible stage.
1 in the first stage that can be called as " physical layer synchronization ", and equipment detects mutually according to physical layer mechanism usually, and synchronous to allow further communication mutually,
2 in the second stage that can be called as " physical layer access exchanges ", and equipment usually exchanges series of physical layer signal or controls message thus can access air link resources.After this stage, equipment can send and control message with receiver layer.
3 in the phase III that can be called as " link layer exchange ", and equipment usually exchanges a series of link layer and controls message.This may comprise such as authentication, mandate, registers and determine the task of key of encryption and decryption link flow.After this stage, equipment can send and receive network layer control and data traffic (like this, link can support the exchange of link-layer data messages and IP packet).
4 in the fourth stage that can be called as " network layer exchange ", the usual switching network of equipment and more high-rise control message.This may comprise the task of such as address resolution, network layer access control, internet Route Selection and consulting service quality.According to the characteristic of network/internetwork situation, the various control flows in fourth stage may be needed before supporting to exchange conventional IP traffic amount (particularly having to pass through the data traffic of a more than network hop) to exchange.
Notice that some message switching may comprise entity directly or indirectly, such as, authentication except Wireless Telecom Equipment, mandate and charging (AAA) server and those surround their entity (particularly in the third and fourth above-mentioned stage).
Use some wireless technologys, likely keep with the connection of multiple Wireless Telecom Equipment to obtain the benefit of various performance simultaneously.Assuming that the link layer while that wireless technology being supported multiple connects, Wireless Telecom Equipment can also can not be restricted to can only be transmitted on such a connection or receive at every turn.In the environment of cellular network, such technology enables wireless terminal and multiple base station keep link layer to be connected simultaneously.In the environment of IP internet, wireless IP node can keep link layer to be connected with multiple WAP (wireless access point) or wireless access routers simultaneously.This is possible, even if described IP node only has single wireless communication equipment or network interface unit (NIC), and thus only has single IP interface routinely.Also likely develop single NIC, it supports to use various wireless communication to be connected with the link layer while network technology.
Summary of the invention
The present invention described here enables a kind of downlink macro diversity in packet switched cellular network network carry out.Its allow one group by one or more access node (such as base station) from/to in the available connection (such as physics and/or link layer connection) of a terminal node, from a network/internetwork selectively by transmitted in packets to described terminal node, such as Wireless Telecom Equipment or terminal.The method meets the example of connectionless networks.In certain embodiments, by introduce key position in or be placed within network/internetwork, and use by terminal node support fast and the selectable packet copies of innovation that links together of Based Intelligent Control and signaling mechanism and Forward Proxy, partly achieve the new method of this downlink macro diversity.
Cellular network architecture is particularly suitable for application of the present invention, because by any one group of available access link and/or access node in network/internetwork, terminal node can communicate with other node such as other terminal node and/or application server node usually.
When the link layer between terminal node and corresponding access node connects the time variations that such as access link is subject to independently in signal strength signal intensity with interference or part is relevant, downlink macro diversity will be important.The present invention is by enabling terminal node from one group of available access links, such as be grouped into basis with each, according to availability and/or other constraint of main channel status, air link resources, dynamically select the down link that will use, achieve downlink macro diversity.Present invention improves over the robustness of communication and efficiency, the overall utilization of air link resources and the service quality experienced by terminal node.
In view of discussing in detail subsequently, many additional characteristic superiorities of the present invention and embodiment will be apparent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents the network diagram of the exemplary communications systems that a kind of the present invention is suitable for.
Fig. 2 represents a kind of according to exemplary end node of the invention process.
Fig. 3 represents a kind of according to exemplary access node of the invention process.
Fig. 4 represents and is sent to as comparison basis the stream of packets that is only connected to the terminal node of an access node, and is represent the first width in five width figure group (4 to 8) of various signaling and the operation performed according to the present invention in Fig. 1 exemplary communications systems environment.
Fig. 5 represents according to the first exemplary embodiments of the present invention, is sent to the relevant signaling of stream of packets being connected to the terminal node of multiple access node and operation to copying.
Fig. 6 represents according to the first exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and is being sent to signaling and the operation of exchange correlation between a stream of packets copied being connected to the terminal node of multiple access node.
Fig. 7 represents according to the second exemplary embodiments of the present invention, is sent to the relevant signaling of stream of packets being connected to the terminal node of multiple access node and operation to copying.
Fig. 8 represents according to the second exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and is being sent to signaling and the operation of exchange correlation between a stream of packets copied being connected to the terminal node of multiple access node.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 represents the typical communication system 100 that a kind of the present invention is suitable for, such as cellular communications networks.This typical communication system 100 comprises multiple node be connected to each other by communication link.Node in typical communication system 100 can, according to communication protocol such as IP, use signal such as message to carry out exchange message.Can such as use wire, optical cable and/or wireless communication technology, realize the communication link of system 100.Typical communication system 100 comprise multiple via multiple access node 130,140,150 to access the terminal node 134,136,144,146,154,156 of this communication system.Terminal node 134,136,144,146,154,156 can be such as Wireless Telecom Equipment or terminal, and access node 130,140,150 can be such as wireless access routers or base station.Typical communication system 100 also comprises other node that may need in a large number to provide interconnectivity or provide special services or function.Especially, typical communication system 100 comprises a mobile agent node 108, such as mobile IP home agent node, it may need the mobility of the terminal node supported between access nodes, a session signal server node 106, such as sip proxy server, it may need the communication session supporting to set up and maintain between terminal node, and application server node 104, such as a multimedia server, it may need to support specific application layer business.
The canonical system 100 of Fig. 1 depicts a network 102, and it comprises and is all connected respectively to the application server node 104 of intermediate network node 110, session signal server node 106 and mobile agent node 108 by corresponding network link 105,107,109.Intermediate network node 110 in network 102 additionally provides via network link 111 and the interconnection of network node coming automatic network 102 perspective view outside.Network link 111 is connected to another intermediate network node 112, which provides and be connected with multiple the further of access node 130,140,150 via network link 131,141,151 respectively.
Each access node 130,140,150 is depicted as respectively via access link (135,137), (145,147), (155,157) of correspondence, provides the connection with N number of terminal node (134,136), (144,146), (154,156).In typical communication system 100, each access node 130,140,150 is depicted as and uses wireless technology such as wireless access links to provide access.The wireless coverage area of each access node 130,140,150 such as communication unit 138,148,158 is expressed as a circle round corresponding access node.
Then, typical communication system 100 is worked as the basis acting on and describe the embodiment of the present invention.Alternate embodiment of the present invention comprises various network topology, the interconnection wherein between the quantity of the quantity of network node and type, link and type and node can with being not quite similar of exemplary communications systems 100 depicted in figure 1.
According to the present invention, by following functional entity, enable the support to downlink macro diversity in canonical system 100.
1. optional packet copies agency (SPRA): SPRA provides and supports duplication packets stream selectively, and such as pass through to the tunneling stream copied of different intermediate nodes in the distance arriving final destination, thus along the stream that the Route guiding separated copies.
2. optional forwarding of packets agency (SPFA): SPFA provides support and forwards, cushions or abandon the grouping belonging to a specific stream selectively.
In different embodiments of the invention, these functional entitys may be arranged in or be positioned on the difference of network, or within different node.In some embodiments of the invention, SPRA and SPFA functional entity all can be configured or be combined within same network node.About one or one group of stream of packets, the specific destination of the SPRA duplication packets of going to---point, such as a node, is called as optional packet copies point (SPRP).Similarly, a point being forwarded, cushion and/or abandon the grouping belonged in or one group of stream of packets by SPFA selectively, such as node, is called as optional forwarding of packets point (SPFP).In general, impact may be had at multiple SPRP and SPFP going to one or one group particular flow of packets in specific destination way.And, because SPRA and SPFA can be configured or be combined within consolidated network node, concerning SPRP and SPFP likely becoming one or one group stream of packets such node.
Fig. 2 provides the detailed description according to exemplary end node 200 of the invention process.The exemplary end node 200 described in fig. 2 is detailed expressions of the device of any one in the terminal node 134,136,144,146,154,156 that can be used as describing in Fig. 1.In the embodiment of fig. 2, terminal node 200 comprises a processor 204, wireless communication interface 230, user's input/output interface 240 and memory 210 of being linked together by bus 206.Therefore, via bus 206, each element of terminal node 200 can exchange message, signal and data.The element 204,206,210,230,240 of terminal node 200 is positioned within shell 202.
The inner member that wireless communication interface 230 provides terminal node 200 can receive from/to external equipment and network node (such as access node) and send the mechanism of signal.Wireless communication interface 230 comprises such as one transmitter circuitry 234 having the receiver circuit 232 of corresponding reception antenna 236 and to have corresponding transmitting antenna 238, for such as terminal node 200 being connected to other network node via radio communication channel.Terminal node 200 can via wireless communication interface 230, and from/to other node multiple, such as access node, side by side receives and transmit control signal and data traffic.In some embodiments of the invention, wireless communication interface 230 comprises multiple baseband transceiver.
Exemplary end node 200 also comprises user input device 242, such as a keypad being connected to bus 206 via user's input/output interface 240, and user's output equipment 244, such as a display.Like this, user's input-output apparatus 242,244 can via user's input/output interface 240 and bus 206, with other element exchange message, signal and data of terminal node 200.User's input/output interface 240 and relevant equipment 242,244 provide user can operating terminal node 200 to complete the mechanism of some task.Especially, user input device 242 and user's output equipment 244 provide and allow the application examples of user control terminal node 200 and execution in the memory 210 of terminal node 200 as the function of module, program, routine and/or function.
Be included in the modules within memory 210 (such as routine) control under processor 204 control the operation of terminal node 200 to perform various signaling as described below and Processing tasks.When starting or when being accessed by other module, perform the module be included within memory 210.When module is performed, can swap data, information and signal.When module is performed, data and information can also be shared.In the embodiment of fig. 2, the memory 210 of terminal node 200 of the present invention comprises a downlink macro diversity control module 212 and downlink macro diversity control data 214.
When terminal node 200 has multiple link layer arriving one or more access node to connect (such as access link) simultaneously, downlink macro diversity control module 212 controls and the operation of terminal node 200 copying and carry out between multiple downlink packet flow copied exchange correlation of downlink packet flow.Notice that terminal node can have that supported by same access node or different access node, simultaneously in two or more unit/sector link layer to connect.Especially, downlink macro diversity control module 212 controls and optionally copies with what use SPRA to adjust downlink packet flow and/or use SPFA to adjust the relevant process of the optional forwarding of stream of packets to monitoring state that link layer connects, evaluate relative performance or quality that available link iayer connects and send/receive signal such as message.Downlink macro diversity control data 214 comprises such as parameter, state information and/or the out of Memory relevant with the operation that downlink macro diversity controls.Especially, downlink macro diversity control data 214 can comprise configuration information (such as about the information of the restriction of the maximum quantity connected while supported or down link exchange frequency) and operation information (such as about the information of current processing state, pending signal response state etc.).Downlink macro diversity control module 212 can access and/or revise downlink macro diversity control data 214.
Fig. 3 provides the detailed description according to exemplary access node 300 of the invention process.The exemplary access node 300 described in figure 3 is detailed expressions of the device of any one in the access node 130,140,150 that can be used as describing in Fig. 1.In the embodiments of figure 3, access node 300 comprises a processor 304, network/internetwork interface 320, wireless communication interface 330 and memory 310 of being linked together by bus 306.Therefore, via bus 306, each element of access node 300 can exchange message, signal and data.The element 304,306,310,320,330 of access node 300 is positioned within shell 302.
The inner member that network/internetwork interface 320 provides access node 300 can receive from/to external equipment and network node and send the mechanism of signal.Network/internetwork interface 320 comprises a receiver circuit 322 and a transmitter circuitry 324 for such as node 300 being connected to via copper cash or fibre circuit other network node.The inner member that wireless communication interface 330 additionally provides access node 300 can receive from/to external equipment and network node such as terminal node and send the mechanism of signal.Wireless communication interface 300 comprises such as one transmitter circuitry 334 having the receiver circuit 332 of corresponding reception antenna 336 and to have corresponding transmitting antenna 338, for such as access node 300 being connected to other network node via radio communication channel.
Be included in the modules within memory 310 (such as routine) control under processor 304 control the operation of access node 300 to perform various signaling as described below and Processing tasks.When starting or when being accessed by other module, perform the module be included within memory 310.When module is performed, can swap data, information and signal.When module is performed, data and information can also be shared.In the embodiments of figure 3, the memory 310 of access node 300 of the present invention comprises a SPFA module 316 having the SPRA module 312 of corresponding SPRA data 314 and to have corresponding SPFA data 318.
SPRA module 312 controls the operation of access node 300 to support that the link layer while of can using multiple connects the SPRA function controlling the terminal node (such as example end node 200) of downlink macro diversity.SPRA module 312 controls the signal received from other network node and/or module, the process of such as message, optionally copies for what control such as to start or suspend stream of packets and such as guide via independently path the stream of packets copied via tunnel in the distance arriving final destination.SPRA module 312 also control the signal going to associated terminal node received from other network node, the process of such as message, for classifying and screening to determine whether to need packet copies.SPRA data 314 comprise such as end-node identifier, parameter, filter information and/or the out of Memory relevant with providing SPRA function described here.SPRA data 314 be accessed and/or be revised to SPRA module 312 can.
SPFA module 316 controls the operation of access node 300 to support that the link layer while of can using multiple connects the SPFA. function controlling the terminal node (such as example end node 200) of downlink macro diversity.SPFA module 316 controls the signal received from other network node and/or module, and the process of such as message, for controlling the optional forwarding such as starting or suspend the stream of packets copied.SPFA module 316 also control the signal going to associated terminal node received from other network node, the process of such as message, for classifying and screening to determine whether should forward, cushion or abandon grouping.SPFA data 318 comprise such as end-node identifier, parameter, filter information and/or the out of Memory relevant with providing SPFA function described here.SPFA data 318 be accessed and/or be revised to SPFA module 316 can.
Access node 300 can provide SPRA and SPFA function independently.Like this, go to the stream of packets of specific destination about one or one group through access node 300, described access node 300 can be a SPRP, a SPFP or be a SPRP and a SPFP.
Fig. 4,5,6,7 and 8 represents the operation according to the downlink macro diversity of the present invention's execution in the environment of exemplary communications systems 100.Compared to Figure 1, the explanation in Fig. 4-8 is more prone in logic instead of physically in itself, in exemplary communication system 100, therefore depict only a relevant node subgroup, eliminate many physical nodes and link like this.Wherein represent signaling between the two entities or transmit grouping, assuming that such signal or grouping transmit via the intermediate node of these two entities that interconnect physically and/or link as required.Explanation in Fig. 4-8 comprises according to described mobile agent node of the invention process 108, two access nodes 300,300 ', and according to single terminal node 200 of the invention process.Terminal node 200 shown in Fig. 4-8 and access node 300,300 ' are the reduced representation of those nodes described respectively in figs 2 and 3.
Fig. 4 represents does not have the situation of downlink macro diversity to contrast as baseline.In the example in fig. 4, via the first access link 402, terminal node 200 is connected to the first access node 300.Fig. 4 also uses sequence number i to i+9 to depict the order of the grouping 450,452,454,456,458,460,462 as a part for the stream of packets of going to terminal node 200.The source of grouping 450,452,454,546,458,460,462 can be other node any in exemplary communications systems 100.Solid arrow 410,412,414 depicts the path that grouping 450,452,454,546,458,460,462 adopts according to the guiding of the routing information of terminal node 200.Like this, they, through mobile agent node 108 and the first access node 300, are passed to terminal node 200 from this via the first access link 402 by grouping 450,452,454,546,458,460,462.
Fig. 5-8 represents the various aspects of downlink macro diversity.Fig. 5 and 6 represents the first embodiment, and Fig. 7 and 8 represents the second embodiment.Before the specific characteristic that these two embodiments are described in detail in detail, will first the of the present invention following characteristic being applicable to two embodiments be described.According to the present invention, terminal node 200 is periodically monitored the signal that receives from one or more access node and is used this information to determine whether to set up, keep or disconnect and is connected with the link layer of specific access node.In one embodiment, terminal node 200 uses one group of configurable parameter, such as but not limited to pilot power, pilot power average duration, required minimum terminal node transmitting power, impact etc. on Lin Qu interference, as the input factor connected for control link layer.Terminal node 200 makes every effort to keep one or more access link usually, such as, be connected with the link layer of one or more access node, provides reliable access to network to use the abundant restoring force of bearing dynamic channel conditions.As time goes by, because signal receives from different access nodes, terminal node 200 is set up according to the instruction of regulating parameter, keep or disconnecting link layer connects to keep one group of suitable access link.The quantity that link layer connects simultaneously submits to the hardware and software restriction of terminal node 200.In general, terminal node 200 and access node 300,300 ' all can limit the quantity that link layer is connected.
In figs. 5 to 8, terminal node 200 has been depicted as multiple link layer connect, such as one via the first access link 402 to the first access node 300, another is via the second access link 502 to the second access node 300 '.Although notice that this example depicts the situation of the link layer connection 402,502 of two to two different access nodes 300,300 ', the present invention is more widely applicable for two or more situations about being connected with the link layer of one or more access node.
In order to enable the exchange of link-layer data messages (and thus more high-rise flow), terminal node 200 and access node 300,300 ' perform necessary operation with keeps access link 402,502 to reach and pass through previous described in link layer switching phase.This can use known technology.Be that link layer is distinctive about the detailed content how to complete, due to known method can be used, be not thus described at this.But, set up multiple link layer in order to terminal node 200 simultaneously and connect such as access link 402,502, may need to control message with multiple entity such as access node 300,300 ' link exchange layer independently concerning terminal node 200.And terminal node 200 as required, should directly control to the message of a special entity (such as access node).
Assuming that each access link 402,502 can support the two-way exchange of link-layer data messages and more higher-layer Traffic (such as IP packet), although this in time every optional in a flash.Channel status, spatial relationship and other time dependent dynamic factors can hinder the ability of the link exchange layer message (and thus more high-rise flow) in one or both directions of arbitrary moment in time.Usually, physics, MAC and link layer provide ability to adapt to and the dynamic change of bearing to a certain degree and do not disconnect and re-establish link layer and be connected.Like this, for description object of the present invention, two-way link layer connects and can be counted as comprising two unidirectional link layers and connect, and wherein can change as the function of time in the ability of either direction transmitted traffic.When difference is required or has the used time for explanation the present invention, we call the connection of direction from terminal node to access node " up link ", and the connection of direction from access node to terminal node is called " down link ".
According to the present invention, terminal node 200 monitors the state of available access links 402,502 to determine the first-selected link of transmit uplink and downlink traffic.Attention can select first-selected up link and first-selected down link independently, and thus any point in time may be different.In connectionless packet switching network, terminal node 200 can on one group of available access links 402,502, fast time put on forwarding uplink flow selectively, to hold physics and link layer dynamic change.But, usually according to by the such as access node 300,300 ' and/or the routing information preserved of mobile agent node 108 of the node in network infrastructure, guide the downlink traffic forwarding and go to terminal node 200.The delay of the control loop that the corresponding routing information using conventional art dynamically to revise or be configured for downlink traffic is correlated with and signaling, will exceed physics and the dynamic markers of link layer usually.The optional down link put on when innovation of the present invention makes on a group of access link 402,502, fast forwards and can realize, such as, to hold physics and link layer dynamic characteristic, rapid fading.
Fig. 5 and 6 represents the operation according to the downlink macro diversity of the first exemplary embodiments further.In described first exemplary embodiments of the present invention, mobile agent node 108 is SPRP, and each access node 300,300 ' is SPFP.Before bringing into use downlink macro diversity, the state that supposition like this is current or routing information, by going to the grouping of terminal node 200 to guide to the first access node 300, such as they are delivered to terminal node 200 along the path represented by solid arrow 410,412,414 from this o'clock via the first access link 402.As discussed previously, partly according to the analysis to the signal received from access node, terminal node 200 starts to set up the second access link 502 via the second access node 300 '.
Based on the foundation of the second access link 502, terminal node 200 pilot signal 520 to the second access node 300 ', to start from mobile agent node 108, i.e. SPRP, to the operation of the optional packet copies of the second access node 300 ', as shown in Figure 5.Receive and process by the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' signal 520 sent by terminal node 200.The signal 520 received comprises for controlling the configuration of the second access node 300 ' as SPFP and the information of operation, for the stream of packets copied from pointed SPRP (such as mobile agent node 108).The signal 520 received is passable, and it is certain in certain embodiments, comprise the configuration information relevant with the initial operation of SPFP, such as flow identification parameter, grouping filter information and/or initial optional forwarding behavior, and other configuration information relevant with the initial operation of SPRP, such as flow identification parameter, grouping filter information and/or initial optional replication, it can be forwarded to SPRP in follow-up signal.As a part for the signal 520 that process receives, SPRP pointed in the SPFA module 316 ' pilot signal 522 in the second access node 300 ' to the signal 520 received, such as mobile agent node 108, as shown in Figure 5.
Receive by providing the mobile agent node of SPRA function in the case and process the signal 522 sent by the second access node 300 '.The signal 522 received comprises for controlling the configuration of mobile agent node 108 as SPRP and the information of operation, guides the stream of packets copied with duplication packets stream to pointed SPFP such as the second access node 300 '.The signal 522 received is passable, and positively in certain embodiments, comprise the configuration information relevant with the initial operation of SPRP, such as flow identification parameter, grouping filter information and/or initial optional replication, comprise the information continuing forwarding from the signal 520 between terminal node 200 and the second access node 300 '.As the part of signal 522 that process receives from the second access node 300 ', mobile agent node 108 starts to copy the stream of packets of some specific criterias of coupling and such as guides via compression or tunnel the stream of packets copied to the second access node 300 '.
Like this, the signal 520,522 described in Figure 5 establishes necessary routing information jointly, the second access node 300 ' can be guided to make the grouping copied of going to terminal node 200, from this point can by them via the second access link 502 such as along the path represented by solid arrow 512,514, be delivered to terminal node 200.For identifying the standard of the grouping copied at SPRP, it can be pre-configured or configure according to the information that provides in the signal 522 received in mobile agent node 108, according to various known packet classification and triage techniques, such as, can mate one group of packets headers word territory.Assuming that the flexibility of the method, the stream of packets copied can comprise such as all groupings of going to terminal node 200, or only comprises and such as call out the subset of relevant this grouping to specific ip voice (VoIP).Similarly, for identifying the standard of the grouping forwarded by the SPFA module 316,316 ' at SPFP, it can be pre-configured or configure according to the information that provides in the signal 520 received in the SPFA data 318,318 of each access node 300,300 ', according to various known packet classification and triage techniques, such as, can mate one group of packets headers word territory.
Fig. 5 also use sequence number j to j+9 depict the grouping (550,550 ') of the part as the stream of packets of going to terminal node 200, (552,552 '), (554,554 '), (556,556 '), (558,558 '), (560,560 '), 562 order.Note the original copy of apostrophe (') for the copy copied and same grouping that distinguish grouping.Grouping (550,550 '), (552,552 '), (554,554 '), (556,556 '), (558,558 '), (560,560 '), 562 source can be other node any in exemplary communication system 100.According to the routing information preserved by other network node in exemplary communication system 100, guide the grouping of going to terminal node 200 to mobile agent node 108, for example, see sequence number is the grouping 562 of j+9.Based on by the mobile agent node 108 i.e. reception of SPRP, check that the grouping of terminal node 200 is gone in such as classification or screening, to determine whether they mate the standard for optional packet copies.By the grouping of match certain criteria, for example, see sequence number be the grouping (550,550 ') of j to j+8, (552,552 '), (554,554 '), (556,556 '), (558,558 '), (560,560 ') copy, and to the first and second access nodes 300,300 ' i.e. SPFP Parallel transmutation.Between SPRP and SPFP, forward grouping can via means known arbitrarily, and such as compression and tunnel or local hop-by-hop Route Selection have been come.
SPFA module 316,316 ' in each access node 300,300 ' checks that the grouping of terminal node 200 is gone in such as classification or screening, to determine whether they mate the standard for optional forwarding of packets, such as, at SPFA data 318, the 318 ' middle defined of correspondence.According to the current operating state of the configuration information such as in SPFA data 318,318 ' and/or SPFA module 316,316 ', on the access link 402,502 of correspondence, can forward, cushion or abandon the grouping of going to terminal node 200 from access node 300,300 '.Note, in the example of fig. 5, first access node 300 forwards the grouping 550,552,554 of sequence number from j to j+2 on access link 402, and the second access node 300 ' abandons the duplicate copy 550 ', 552 ', 554 ' of same packets, as in Fig. 5 represented by the X be positioned on grouping 550 ', 552 ' and 554 '.The initial behavior that this represent the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' is the situation by abandoning the stream of packets copied.
Fig. 6 illustrates the signaling relevant to exchanging first-selected down link and operation, wherein should transmit the grouping of going to terminal node 200 on said link.First in the example of fig. 6, identical substantially with the example of Fig. 5 of the state of network and node thereof such as mobile agent node 108, access node 300,300 ' and terminal node 200.Fig. 6 also use sequence number k to k+9 depict the grouping (650,650 ') of the part as the stream of packets of going to terminal node 200, (652,652 '), (654,654 '), (656,656 '), (658,658 '), (660,660 '), 662 order.As shown in Figure 5, the grouping of coupling required standard is copied by mobile agent node 108 i.e. SPRP, for example, see sequence number is the grouping (650,650 ') of k to k+8, (652,652 '), (654,654 '), (656,656 '), (658,658 '), (660,660 '), and to the first and second access nodes 300,300-and SPFP Parallel transmutation.But Fig. 6 also illustrates the change in the optional forwarding behavior of that controlled by the downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200, in each access node 300,300 ' SPFA module 316,316 '.
SPFA module 316 in the first access node 300 forwards the grouping 650 that sequence number is k, and the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' abandons the copy 650 ' copied of same grouping.After being the grouping 650 of k by the first access node 300 transmission sequence number, the downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200 starts to switch first-selected down link.Downlink macro diversity control module 212 can make this judgement according to the various factors previously herein described.Based on do judge switch the first-selected down link that should transmit stream of packets, downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200 is SPFP pilot signal 620,622 to access node 300,300 ', to point out change required in optional forwarding behavior.In certain embodiments, the downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200 can send signal 620,622 directly in access node 300,300 ' or both.In alternate embodiments more of the present invention, the SPFA module 316,316 ' in each access node 300,300 ' can at network infrastructure exchanging signals 624, to adjust the change in optional forwarding behavior.Under any circumstance, signal is by each access node 300,300, in SPFA module 316,316 ' receive and process, and provide the instruction about whether should then forward, cushion or abandon the particular flow of packets from access node 300,300 ' on corresponding access link 402,502.
In the example of fig. 6, based on receiving the signal such as 620 or 624 pointing out required change in optional forwarding behavior, the SPFA module 316 in the first access node 300 starts to abandon the grouping 652,654 from specific stream.Correspondingly, based on receiving the signal such as 622 or 624 pointing out required change in optional forwarding behavior, the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' starts to forward grouping 652 ', 654 ' to terminal node 200 on the access link 502 of correspondence.Like this, although terminal node 200 have received from the first access node 300 grouping 650 that sequence number is k via the first access link 402, be the grouping 652 ', 654 ' of k+1 and k+2 from the second access node 300 ' Receive sequence number via the second access link 502.When there is no the follow-up change of optional forwarding behavior, also the duplicate copy of the follow-up grouping described stream will be transmitted from the second access node 300 ' via the second access link 502, such as 656 ', 658 ', 660 '.
In some embodiments of the invention, point out that the signal 620,622,624 of the change in optional forwarding behavior comprises extra information to be minimized in copy transmission and/or the loss of the grouping within described stream.In one particular embodiment of the present invention, signal 620,622,624 comprises packet sequence identifying information, the value of the identification field such as in IP head or the sequence number in real-time protocol (RTP) (RTP) head, to point out the last grouping transmitted on previous first-selected down link and/or next grouping will transmitted on new first-selected down link.
Fig. 7 and 8 represents the operation according to the downlink macro diversity of the second exemplary embodiments further.In this second exemplary embodiments of the present invention, first access node 300 is SPRP, wherein guide to terminal node 200 by one of each grouping copied copy via the first access link 402, the second copy of each grouping copied guides to the second access node 300 ' via the second access link 502 to be transferred to terminal node 200.Each access node 300,300 ' also works as SPFP, with the transmission of control packet on its each access link 402,502.Like this, describe in typical case at Fig. 7 and 8, the first access node 300 is SPRP and SPFP, and the second access node is only SPFP.Before bringing into use downlink macro diversity, the state that supposition like this is current or routing information, by going to the grouping of terminal node 200 to guide to the first access node 300, such as they are delivered to terminal node 200 along the path represented by solid arrow 410,412,414 from this o'clock via the first access link 402.As discussed previously, partly according to the analysis to the signal received from access node, terminal node 200 starts to set up the second access link 502 via the second access node 300 '.
Based on the foundation of the second access link 502, terminal node 200 pilot signal 720 to the second access node 300 ', to start from the first access node 300, i.e. SPRP, to the operation of the optional packet copies of the second access node 300 ', as shown in Figure 7.Receive and process by the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' signal 720 sent by terminal node 200.The signal 720 received comprises for controlling the configuration of the second access node 300 ' as SPFP and the information of operation, for the stream of packets copied from pointed SPRP (such as the first access node 300).The signal 720 received can comprise the configuration information relevant with the initial operation of SPFP, such as flow identification parameter, grouping filter information and/or initial optional forwarding behavior, and other configuration information relevant with the initial operation of SPRP, such as flow identification parameter, packet filtering information and/or initial optional replication, it will continue to forward in the follow-up signal of SPRP.As a part for the signal 720 that process receives, SPRP such as the first access node 300 pointed in the SPFA module 316 ' pilot signal 722 in the second access node 300 ' to the signal 720 in reception, as shown in Figure 7.
Received and processed the signal 722 sent by the second access node 300 ' by the SPRA module 312 in the first access node 300.The signal 722 received comprises for controlling the configuration of the first access node 300 as SPRP and the information of operation, guides the stream of packets copied with duplication packets stream to pointed SPFP (such as the second access node 300 ').The signal 722 received is passable, and positively in certain embodiments, comprise the configuration information relevant with the initial operation of SPRP, such as flow identification parameter, grouping filter information and/or initial optional replication, comprise the information continuing forwarding from the signal 720 between terminal node 200 and the second access node 300 '.As the part of signal 722 that process receives from the second access node 300 ', the first access node 300 starts to copy the stream of packets of some specific criterias of coupling and such as guides via compression or tunnel the stream of packets copied to the second access node 300 '.
Like this, the signal 720,722 described in the figure 7 establishes necessary routing information jointly, the second access node 300 ' can be guided to make the grouping copied of going to terminal node 200, from this point can by them via the second access link 502 such as along the path represented by solid arrow 713,714, be delivered to terminal node 200.For being identified in the standard of grouping that SPRP will copy, it can be pre-configured or configure according to the information that provides in the signal 722 received in the SPRA data 314 of the first access node 300, according to various known packet classification and triage techniques, such as, can mate one group of packets headers word territory.Assuming that the flexibility of the method, the stream of packets copied can comprise such as all groupings of going to terminal node 200, or only comprises and such as call out the subset of relevant this grouping to specific ip voice (VoIP).Similarly, for identifying the standard of the grouping forwarded by the SPFA module 316,316 ' at SPFP, it can be pre-configured or configure according to the information that provides in the signal 720 received in the SPFA data 318,318 ' of each access node 300,300 ', according to various known packet classification and triage techniques, such as, can mate one group of packets headers word territory.
Fig. 7 also use sequence number j to j+9 depict the grouping (750,750 ') of the part as the stream of packets of going to terminal node 200, (752,752 '), (754,754 '), 756,758,760, the order of 762.Grouping (750,750 '), (752,752 '), (754,754 '), 756,758,760, the source of 762 can be other node any in exemplary communication system 100.According to the routing information preserved by other network node in exemplary communication system 100, the grouping of terminal node 200 will be gone to, for example, see sequence number is the grouping 756,758,760,762 of j+3 to j+9, guide to mobile agent node 108, then to the first access node 300.Based on by the first access node 300 i.e. reception of SPRP, check that the grouping of terminal node 200 is gone in such as classification or screening, to determine whether they mate the standard for optional packet copies.By the grouping of match certain criteria for example, see sequence number be the grouping (750,750 ') of j to j+2, (752,752 '), (754,754 ') copy, and to SPFA module 316, the 316 ' Parallel transmutation in first and second these two access nodes 300,300 '.Between the first access node 300 and the second access node 300 ', forward grouping can use various known technology, such as compression and tunnel or local hop-by-hop Route Selection have been come.
SPFA module 316,316 ' in each access node 300,300 ' checks that the grouping of terminal node 200 is gone in such as classification or screening, to determine whether they mate the standard for optional forwarding of packets, such as, specified by the SPFA data 318,318 ' of correspondence.According to the current operating state of the configuration information such as in SPFA data 318,318 ' and/or SPFA module 316,316 ', can from access node 300 on the access link 402,502 of correspondence, 300 ' forwards, cushions or abandons the grouping of going to terminal node 200.Note, in the example of fig. 7, the first access node 300 forwards the grouping 750,752,754 of sequence number from j to j+2 on access link 402, and the second access node 300 ' abandons the copy 750 ', 752 ', 754 ' copied of same grouping.The initial behavior that this represent the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' is the situation abandoning duplication packets stream.
Fig. 8 illustrates the signaling relevant to switching first-selected down link and operation, wherein should transmit the grouping of going to terminal node 200 on said link.First in the example of fig. 8, identical substantially with the example of Fig. 7 of the state of network and node thereof such as mobile agent node 108, access node 300,300 ' and terminal node 200.Fig. 8 also use sequence number k to k+9 depict the grouping (850,850 ') of the part as the stream of packets of going to terminal node 200, (852,852 '), (854,854 '), 856,858,860, the order of 862.As shown in Figure 7, the grouping of coupling required standard is copied by the first access node 300 i.e. SPRP, for example, see sequence number is grouping (850,850 '), (852,852 '), (854,854 ') of k to k+2, and to SPFA module 316, the 316 ' Parallel transmutation of the first and second access nodes 300,300 ' in both.But Fig. 8 also illustrates the change in the optional forwarding behavior of that controlled by the downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200, in each access node 300,300 ' SPFA module 316,316 '.
SPFA module 316 in the first access node 300 forwards the grouping 850 that sequence number is k, and the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' abandons the copy 850 ' copied of same grouping.After being the grouping 850 of k by the first access node 300 transmission sequence number, the downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200 starts to switch first-selected down link.Downlink macro diversity control module 212 is passable, and positively in certain embodiments, makes this judgement according to the various factors previously herein described.Based on do judge switch the first-selected down link that should transmit stream of packets, downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200 is SPFP pilot signal 820,822 to access node 300,300 ', to point out change required in optional forwarding behavior.In certain embodiments, the downlink macro diversity control module 212 in terminal node 200 can send signal 820,822 directly in access node 300,300 ' or both.In alternate embodiments more of the present invention, the SPFA module 316,316 ' in each access node 300,300 ' can at network infrastructure exchanging signals 824, to adjust the change in optional forwarding behavior.These signals are by the SPFA module 316,316 in each access node 300,300 ', receive and process, and the instruction about whether should then forward, cushion or abandon the particular flow of packets from access node 300,300 ' on corresponding access link 402,502 is provided.
In the example of fig. 8, start to abandon the grouping 852,854 from specific stream based on the SPFA module 316 received in signal such as 820 or 824, first access node 300 pointing out required change in optional forwarding behavior.Correspondingly, based on receiving the signal such as 822 or 824 pointing out required change in optional forwarding behavior, the SPFA module 316 ' in the second access node 300 ' starts to forward grouping 852 ', 854 ' to terminal node 200 on the access link 502 of correspondence.Like this, although terminal node 200 have received from the first access node 300 grouping 850 that sequence number is k via the first access link 402, be the grouping 852 ', 854 ' of k+1 and k+2 from the second access node 300 ' Receive sequence number via the second access link 502.When there is no the follow-up change of optional forwarding behavior, also the duplicate copy of the follow-up grouping described stream will be transmitted from the second access node 300 ' via the second access link 502.
In some embodiments of the invention, point out that the signal 820,822,824 of the change in optional forwarding behavior comprises extra information to be minimized in copy transmission and/or the loss of the grouping within described stream.In one particular embodiment of the present invention, signal 820,822,824 comprises packet sequence identifying information, the value of the identification field such as in IP head or the sequence number in real-time protocol (RTP) (RTP) head, with point out the last grouping transmitted on previous first-selected down link and, or will next grouping of transmission on new first-selected down link.
In some embodiments of the invention, communication is among the nodes whole or in part based on interconnected between IP network.Like this, data between network nodes and/or the communication of control signal all can use IP to divide into groups, such as packet.In the embodiments of the invention using IP grouping, can use clean culture or multicast addressing and transmitting device that described IP grouping is passed to the destination node of expection.When sending identical information from a node to other node multiple, the use of IP multicast is useful especially.When use unicast transmission to multiple destination node send identical information such as divide into groups payload data, to be sent to each destination node by source node and have the independently IP of information copy to divide into groups.As an alternative, when using multicast transmission to send identical information to multiple destination node, sent by source node and have the single IP of information to divide into groups, and network node copying described grouping on request to transmit to each destination node.Like this, IP multicast provides a kind of more effective method from source node to one group of destination node transmission of information.In some embodiments of the invention, IP multicast is used for the stream of packets of transmission copying between SPRP and one or more SPFP.In such an embodiment, in fact SPRP can not copy the grouping of coupling required standard, but encapsulates this grouping to go to specific IP multicast group with an extra IP head as an alternative, and forwards the grouping after described encapsulation according to IP Multicast Routing information.Correspondingly, in such an embodiment, SPFP connects specific IP multicast group to receive the grouping copy after encapsulation.
Each characteristic of the present invention uses module to implement.This module can use the combination of software, hardware or software and hardware to implement.Many in above-described method or method step can use machine-executable instruction to be such as included in machine readable media such as memory device such as the software within RAM, floppy disk etc. and implement, such as have with control machine or there is no the all-purpose computer of additional hardware, thus implementing all or part of above-described method.Therefore, wherein it should be noted is that, the present invention is directed to a kind of machine-executable instruction that comprises with the machine readable media causing machine such as processor and related hardware to perform the step of one or more method mentioned above.
For those familiar with the art, in view of foregoing description of the present invention, many changes additionally of above-described method and apparatus of the present invention will be apparent.This change will be believed to comprise within category of the present invention.Method and apparatus of the present invention can coordinate and can be used for providing the communication technology of the CDMA of the wireless communication link between access node and mobile node, OFDM (OFDM) or other type various to use.Therefore, in certain embodiments, access node is implemented as the base station using OFDM or CDMA and mobile node to set up communication link.In various embodiments, mobile node is comprised receiver/transmitter circuitry and logic and/or routine as notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) or other portable set and implements, to perform the methods of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. locate the method performed infrastructure provider, comprising:
After receiving corresponding signal, a series of packet copies of match certain criteria are become multiple duplicate packet, and guide described multiple duplicate packet at least one other infrastructure provider; And
Forward described multiple duplicate packet by least one other infrastructure provider described to terminal node, be dropped before being forwarded to described terminal node with the unmatched one or more duplicate packet of standard for optional forwarding of packets in wherein said multiple duplicate packet.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, is included in before arriving described terminal node further, described multiple duplicate packet is forwarded at least one other infrastructure provider described.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, comprises further:
Described a series of packet fragmentation is become multiple packet partial, and described multiple packet partial is copied into multiple duplicate packet part.
4. method as claimed in claim 1, comprises further:
Described a series of packet fragmentation is become multiple packet partial, and described multiple packet partial is copied into multiple duplicate packet part.
5. method as claimed in claim 1, wherein saidly copies described a series of grouping and comprises further:
Described multiple duplicate packet is received from another infrastructure provider.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said multiple duplicate packet is the duplicate packet part in a series of grouping.
7. method as claimed in claim 1, described one or more duplicate packet in wherein said multiple duplicate packet, before being forwarded to described terminal node, is dropped according to the current operating state of the configuration information in SPFA (the optional forwarding of packets agency) data at least one other infrastructure provider described and/or SPFA module.
8. locate the device performed infrastructure provider, comprising:
For after receiving corresponding signal, a series of packet copies of match certain criteria are become multiple duplicate packet, and guide the unit of described multiple duplicate packet at least one other infrastructure provider; And
For being forwarded the unit of described multiple duplicate packet to terminal node by least one other infrastructure provider described, be dropped before being forwarded to described terminal node with the unmatched one or more duplicate packet of standard for optional forwarding of packets in wherein said multiple duplicate packet.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, comprises the unit for described multiple duplicate packet being forwarded at least one other infrastructure provider described before arriving described terminal node further.
10. device as claimed in claim 9, comprises further for described a series of packet fragmentation being become multiple packet partial and described multiple packet partial being copied into the unit of multiple duplicate packet part.
11. devices as claimed in claim 8, comprise further for described a series of packet fragmentation being become multiple packet partial and described multiple packet partial being copied into the unit of multiple duplicate packet part.
12. devices as claimed in claim 8, the wherein said unit for copying described a series of grouping comprises the unit for receiving described multiple duplicate packet from another infrastructure provider further.
13. as the device of claim 12, and wherein said multiple duplicate packet is the duplicate packet part in a series of grouping.
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| US5978365A (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 1999-11-02 | Orbital Sciences Corporation | Communications system handoff operation combining turbo coding and soft handoff techniques |
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| CA2554122C (en) | 2015-05-12 |
| RU2331985C2 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
| AU2003285148A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
| CN102595541A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| CA2814253A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
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| UA83212C2 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| RU2503148C1 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
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| CN1759546B (en) | 2012-05-02 |
| CN102006647A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| RU2456745C2 (en) | 2012-07-20 |
| RU2008111828A (en) | 2009-10-10 |
| CN1759546A (en) | 2006-04-12 |
| AU2010201420A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
| EP1586171A1 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
| CN102006647B (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| EP2595326A1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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