CN102595122A - Method and equipment for coding and decoding prediction mode, and network system - Google Patents
Method and equipment for coding and decoding prediction mode, and network system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102595122A CN102595122A CN2011100081787A CN201110008178A CN102595122A CN 102595122 A CN102595122 A CN 102595122A CN 2011100081787 A CN2011100081787 A CN 2011100081787A CN 201110008178 A CN201110008178 A CN 201110008178A CN 102595122 A CN102595122 A CN 102595122A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/11—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and equipment for coding and decoding a prediction mode, and a network system. The method for coding the prediction mode comprises the following steps of: confirming available prediction modes in a prediction mode set according to availability of adjacent blocks of an image block, wherein the adjacent blocks of the image block comprise an upper block, a left block and a left upper block of the image block, and at least one of the upper block, the left block and the left upper block is unavailable; and coding the prediction mode used by the image block to obtain a code word according to the number of the confirmed available predication modes, wherein the predication mode used by image block is one or more prediction modes in the available prediction modes. Due to the utilization of the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, codes of the prediction mode can occupy less bit number.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image coding technology field, particularly a kind of decoding method of predictive mode, coding/decoding apparatus and network system.
Background technology
Hybrid video coding technology based on piece (Block) is one of general video compression coding processing method, mainly comprises intraframe coding (Intra coding) technology and interframe encode (Inter coding) technology.Wherein, intraframe coding techniques make use spatial correlation promptly utilizes the correlation between current image block and the adjacent block; Through adopting a plurality of prediction direction current image block is predicted; Obtain prediction residual, then prediction residual is carried out conversion, quantification, entropy coding, finally generate compressed bit stream; Intraframe coding can be accomplished by the present frame self information, does not need the information with reference to other frames.
The adjacent block of current image block mainly comprises: left side piece, top piece and upper left etc., and as shown in Figure 1, suppose that current image block is E, B is the top piece of E, and D is upper left of E, and C is upper right of E, and A is the left side piece of E.Because in the present encoding video pictures; Generally adopt raster scan raster-scan mode; Its processing sequence begins for the upper left corner from band; Scan according to from left to right order from top to bottom, if each piece among Fig. 1 is arranged in a band, then available adjacent block is top piece, upper left and upper right in the adjacent block of current image block.
H.264 9 kinds of intra prediction modes (Intra prediction mode) have been defined in the standard, comprising 8 kinds of directivity predictive modes and direct current (Direct Current, DC) pattern.Unified direction intraframe predictive coding (Unified Directional Intra in the video encoding standard of future generation; UDI) technology and standard class H.264 are seemingly; Also use multi-direction Predicting Technique; And having further expanded the prediction direction number, maximum allows 33 directivity predictive modes, adds that the DC pattern always has 34 patterns.These 33 directivity predictive modes distribute as shown in Figure 2; Thick box indicating current image block; The thin black line of each bar is represented prediction direction; The stain remarked pixel; Fig. 2 shows the pixel (pixel) to the inferior horn of current image block, can adopt 33 kinds of prediction direction to predict, these 33 kinds of prediction direction comprise pixel in the piece of top to the connection mode of the pixel of the inferior horn of current image block, the pixel of pixel in the connection mode of the pixel of the inferior horn of current image block and upper left in the piece of the left side to the connection mode of the pixel of the inferior horn of current image block.
Wherein, the process of H.264 utilizing intra prediction mode to carry out image coding and decoding in the standard comprises: when current image block is the boundary block of band, can judge the availability of the adjacent block of this current image block; If unavailable, then relevant with this adjacent block predictive mode is also unavailable, such as; The top piece of current image block is unavailable; Then the upper left corner of current image block is unavailable to the prediction direction on the direction of the line in the lower right corner and this line right side among Fig. 2, and the image encoding end subtracts each other the available prediction direction corresponding reference pixel value and the value of the pixel of inferior horn, obtains the corresponding prediction residual of each prediction direction; The prediction residual corresponding according to each prediction direction; Select a prediction direction, selected prediction direction is encoded the back to the transmission of picture decoding end, simultaneously; Prediction residual to selected prediction direction is corresponding is carried out conversion, quantification, entropy coding; The final compressed bit stream that generates sends to the picture decoding end, and the picture decoding end confirms according to the coding result of the prediction direction that is received which kind of prediction direction the image encoding end adopts, and resolves compressed bit stream; According to the pairing reference pixel value of prediction direction that the analysis result and the image encoding end of compressed bit stream adopted, confirm the pixel value of the inferior horn of current image block.
The UDI compared with techniques has more prediction direction in standard H.264, and it is that with standard difference H.264 it does not limit prediction direction; If when the top piece of current image block or left side piece were unavailable, for disabled prediction direction, it adopted predetermined pixel as disabled prediction direction corresponding reference pixel; The image encoding end can subtract each other each prediction direction (comprising disabled prediction direction) the corresponding reference pixel value and the value of the pixel of inferior horn; Obtain the corresponding prediction residual of each prediction direction, the prediction residual corresponding according to each prediction direction selected a prediction direction; To selected prediction direction encode the back send to the picture decoding end; Simultaneously, the prediction residual that selected prediction direction is corresponding is carried out conversion, quantification, entropy coding, finally generate compressed bit stream and send to the picture decoding end; The processing mode of picture decoding end is similar in the processing of picture decoding end and the standard H.264, repeats no more at this.
Prior art has following shortcoming:
In the prior art, no matter be H.264 standard or UDI technology, when predictive mode is encoded; Do not distinguish boundary block or internal block; All adopt the code word of fixed length to encode,, then adopt the selected predictive mode of 4 bit identification such as H.264 in the standard 9 kinds of predictive modes being arranged; 34 kinds of predictive modes are arranged in the UDI technology, then adopt the selected predictive mode of 6 bit identification, like this, cause the coding of predictive mode is adopted more bit, promptly the coding to predictive mode exists redundant.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of decoding method, coding/decoding apparatus and network system of predictive mode, can make the coding of predictive mode take less bit number.
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides:
A kind of coding method of predictive mode comprises:
According to the availability of the adjacent block of image block, confirm the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded, obtain code word, wherein, the employed predictive mode of said image block is one or more predictive mode in the said available predictions pattern.
A kind of coding/decoding method of predictive mode comprises:
According to the availability of the adjacent block of image block, confirm the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block, and wherein, said bit stream comprises the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece.
A kind of encoding device comprises:
The available predictions pattern determining unit is used for the availability according to the adjacent block of image block, confirms the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
Coding unit; Be used for quantity, the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded, obtain code word according to determined available predictions pattern; Wherein, the employed predictive mode of said image block is one or more predictive mode in the said available predictions pattern.
A kind of decoding device comprises:
The available predictions pattern determining unit is used for the availability according to the adjacent block of image block, confirms the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
Decoding unit is used for the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern, and bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block, and wherein, said bit stream comprises the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece.
A kind of network system comprises: above-mentioned encoding device and above-mentioned decoding device.
The embodiment of the invention is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; Then according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; The employed predictive mode of said image block in the said available predictions pattern is encoded; Because when certain adjacent block of image block was unavailable, the number of available predictive mode can be lacked than the number of predictive mode in the predictive mode set, when coding, has considered the number of available predictive mode; Thereby can reduce the length of code word, make the coding of predictive mode take less bit number.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use among the embodiment below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the adjacent block position view of the current image block that provides of prior art;
Fig. 2 is 33 kinds of prediction direction distribution schematic diagrams that prior art provides;
Fig. 3 A is the coding method flow chart of the predictive mode that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 B is 33 kinds of prediction direction distribution schematic diagrams that one embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 4 is that the top piece that provides of the embodiment of the invention is unavailable, the coding method flow chart of the predictive mode under the available situation of left side piece;
Fig. 5 is that the left side piece that provides of the embodiment of the invention is unavailable, the coding method flow chart of the predictive mode under the available situation of top piece;
Fig. 6 is the coding/decoding method flow chart of the predictive mode that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is that the top piece that provides of the embodiment of the invention is unavailable, the coding/decoding method flow chart of the predictive mode under the available situation of left side piece;
Fig. 8 is that the left side piece that provides of the embodiment of the invention is unavailable, the coding/decoding method flow chart of the predictive mode under the available situation of top piece;
Fig. 9 is the encoding device structure chart that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Figure 10 is the decoding device structure chart that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Figure 11 is the network architecture figure that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 3 A, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of coding method of predictive mode, and it comprises:
301A, according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; Confirm the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set, wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of image block, left side piece and upper left; Wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left.
Wherein, the executive agent of this embodiment is an image encoding apparatus.
Wherein, the set of the predictive mode in the various embodiments of the present invention comprises: directivity predictive mode and DC pattern.If adopt H.264 standard, then predictive mode set comprises: 8 kinds of directivity predictive modes and DC pattern; If adopt the UDI technology, then the predictive mode set comprises: 33 kinds of directivity predictive modes and DC pattern.
Wherein, the top piece is the image block of the pixel top in this image block upper left corner, like the piece B among Fig. 1; Upper left is the upper left image block of pixel in this image block upper left corner, and like the piece D among Fig. 1, left side piece is the image block of the pixel left in this image block upper left corner, like the piece A among Fig. 1.The unavailable expression of top piece of image block does not have the top piece perhaps the top piece to be arranged but this top piece and this image block are arranged in different stripes; The unavailable expression of left side piece of image block does not have left side piece perhaps left side piece to be arranged but this left side piece and this image block are arranged in different stripes; Upper left unavailable expression of image block do not have upper left or but upper left this upper left be arranged and this image block is arranged in different stripes.Because when at current block and certain adjacent block (be left side piece, upper left perhaps on the right of piece) when being positioned at different stripes; Not with reference to this adjacent block,, satisfy the demand that anti-error code transmits when encoding in the conducting frame to prevent the encoding error diffusion; Therefore, think that in this case this adjacent block is unavailable.
Fig. 3 B shows when adopting the UDI technology, and the pixel (pixel) to the inferior horn of this image block can adopt 33 kinds of prediction direction to predict, wherein, supposes that the predictive mode of thick dashed line top is a vertical mode, and the predictive mode of thick dashed line below is a horizontal pattern.To be described in the predictive mode that current image block can be used under the disabled situation of certain adjacent block with reference to Fig. 3 B as follows.
Wherein, The top piece of image block coboundary unavailable and the said image block of the available expression of left side piece overlaps with the coboundary of said band; And the left margin of said image block does not overlap with the left margin of said band, and wherein, said band is the band at said image block place.This moment, available predictive mode comprised DC pattern and part directivity predictive mode; Wherein, Available directivity predictive mode is that prediction direction can be rotated counterclockwise the predictive mode that the α angle obtains by the upper left corner of image block and the line edge in the lower right corner; Wherein, the α angle can be less than 90 degree, and perhaps the α angle is less than 180 degree.At this moment, the quantity of available predictions pattern is greater than 1 and less than the quantity of directivity predictive mode in the predictive mode set.Such as technological for UDI, available directivity predictive mode can be the horizontal pattern among Fig. 3 B, i.e. the predictive mode of thick dashed line below.
Wherein, Available and the coboundary unavailable presentation video piece of top piece of the left side piece of image block overlaps with the coboundary of band; And the left margin of said image block does not overlap with the left margin of said band, and this moment, available predictive mode comprised DC pattern and part directivity predictive mode.Wherein, Available and the coboundary said image block of the unavailable expression of left side piece of the top piece of image block does not overlap with the coboundary of said band; And the left margin of said image block overlaps with the left margin of said band, and wherein, said band is the band at said image block place.In this case, available directivity predictive mode is the predictive mode that can be obtained along the α angle that turns clockwise by the line in the upper left corner of image block and the lower right corner, and wherein, the α angle can be less than 90 degree, and perhaps the α angle is less than 180 degree.At this moment, the quantity of available predictions pattern is greater than 1 and less than the quantity of directivity predictive mode in the predictive mode set.Such as, for the UDI technology, available directivity predictive mode can be the vertical mode among Fig. 3 B, i.e. the predictive mode of thick dashed line top.
Wherein, The top piece of image block coboundary unavailable and the unavailable presentation video piece of left side piece overlaps with the coboundary of band; And the left margin of image block overlaps with the left margin of said band; Promptly this image block is arranged in the upper left corner of band, and this moment, available predictions pattern quantity was 1, and the available predictions pattern is the DC pattern.
Optional, after step 301A, before the step 302A, this method also comprises: whether the quantity of judging determined available predictions pattern greater than 1, if, execution in step 302A; If not, the employed predictive mode of said image block is not encoded.Because image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus all can be confirmed the available predictions pattern according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; At the top of image block piece unavailable and left side piece unavailable after; Confirm that this predictive mode is the DC pattern; Have only a predictive mode this moment, and image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus need not encoded to this DC pattern when giving tacit consent to the DC pattern.
302A, the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded, obtain code word, wherein, the employed predictive mode of said image block is one or more predictive mode in the said available predictions pattern.
Concrete, this step includes but not limited to following two kinds of implementations:
First kind of mode: according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; Definite bit number that the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded and adopted; According to determined bit number the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded, obtain code word.But because the unavailable and left side piece time spent of top piece of image block; When perhaps available the and top piece of the left side piece of image block was unavailable, the quantity of available predictions pattern was less than the quantity of predictive mode in the predictive mode set, for the UDI technology; The quantity of its available predictions pattern can be 17; So only need 5 bits just can encode, prior art needs 6 bits, has saved 1 bit with respect to prior art.
The second way: confirm the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, from said code table, search the pairing code word of the employed predictive mode of said image block.But because the unavailable and left side piece time spent of top piece of image block; When perhaps available the and top piece of the left side piece of image block is unavailable; The code table that adopts under all available situation of the top piece of its code table that adopts and image block and left side piece is different; The average length of the code word of its code table that adopts is shorter than the average length of the code word of the code table that adopts under all available situation of the top piece of image block and left side piece when an adjacent block unavailable (being that left side piece is unavailable or the top piece is unavailable) is arranged, thereby can reduce code word size.
The embodiment of the invention is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; Then according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; The employed predictive mode of said image block in the said available predictions pattern is encoded; Because when certain adjacent block of image block was unavailable, the number of available predictive mode can be lacked than the number of predictive mode in the predictive mode set, when coding, has considered the number of available predictive mode; Thereby can reduce the length of code word, make the coding of predictive mode take less bit number.
For technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention is provided is clearer, following two method embodiment are described in detail technique scheme:
Fig. 4 shows the coding method of the predictive mode that one embodiment of the invention provides, and the top piece of supposition current image block is unavailable among this embodiment, and left side piece is available, and this method comprises:
401, image encoding apparatus confirms that according to the position of image block in band the top piece of this image block is unavailable, and left side piece is available.
General, when on top piece was unavailable, upper left was also unavailable.
402, image encoding apparatus is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set, and wherein, the available predictions pattern comprises: available directivity predictive mode (being the horizontal pattern among Fig. 3 B) and DC pattern.
Because to the vertical mode among the 3B, the place one's entire reliance upon pixel value of top piece of the precision of its prediction residual is on top under the disabled situation of piece, if utilize these predictive modes then prediction effect can be very poor, so can remove these predictive modes; For the predictive mode of this image block upper left corner to the line direction in the lower right corner; Place one's entire reliance upon upper left pixel value of the precision of its prediction residual; Under upper left disabled situation, if utilize this predictive mode then prediction effect can be very poor, so can remove this predictive mode; Therefore, available directivity predictive mode is the horizontal pattern among Fig. 3 B in this step.
403, image encoding apparatus subtracts each other the value of certain pixel in available predictions pattern corresponding reference pixel value and the current image block; Obtain the corresponding prediction residual of each available predictions pattern; The prediction residual corresponding according to each available predictions pattern selects a predictive mode as the employed predictive mode of this image block.
404, image encoding apparatus is confirmed the employed predictive mode of this image block needed bit number of encoding according to the quantity of available predictions pattern.
405, image encoding apparatus is encoded to the employed predictive mode of this image block according to the bit number of confirming, obtains code word.
Because it is unavailable that step 402 confirms to adopt the vertical mode among Fig. 3 B among this embodiment; Then directivity predictive mode quantity reduces half, and available directivity predictive mode is 16 kinds, adds the DC pattern; 17 kinds altogether; So only need use 5 bits just can above-mentioned 17 kinds of predictive modes be distinguished,, reduce by 1 bit than prior art so use 5 bits that the employed predictive mode of this image block is encoded.
406, image encoding apparatus sends bit stream to image decoding apparatus; Wherein, Said bit stream comprises: the code word that step 405 obtains and the compressed bit stream of prediction residual; This prediction residual is the poor of pixel value in pairing reference pixel value of the employed predictive mode of this image block and the image block, and the compressed bit stream of prediction residual is that prediction residual is carried out the code stream that obtains behind conversion, quantification, the entropy coding.
Top piece when image block in the embodiment of the invention is unavailable; But the left side piece time spent; Confirm that the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set comprises horizontal pattern and DC pattern among Fig. 3 B, the number of this available predictions pattern is lacked than the number of the predictive mode in the predictive mode set, therefore; Can use less bit number that the employed predictive mode of image block is encoded; Not only can effectively reduce the bit number that the predictive mode coding is adopted, and, improve the precision of prediction of pixel owing to removed the very poor predictive mode of prediction effect.
Fig. 5 shows the coding method of the predictive mode that another embodiment of the present invention provides, and the left side piece of supposition current image block is unavailable among this embodiment, and the top piece is available, and this method comprises:
501, image encoding apparatus confirms that according to the position of image block in band the left side piece of this image block is unavailable, and the top piece is available.
General, if left side piece is unavailable, then upper left is also unavailable.
502, image encoding apparatus is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set, and wherein, the available predictions pattern comprises: available directivity predictive mode (being the vertical mode among Fig. 3 B) and DC pattern.
Because to the horizontal pattern among the 3B, the place one's entire reliance upon pixel value of left side piece of the precision of its prediction residual is under the disabled situation of on the left side piece, if utilize these predictive modes then prediction effect can be very poor, so can remove these predictive modes; For the predictive mode of this image block upper left corner to the line direction in the lower right corner; Place one's entire reliance upon upper left pixel value of the precision of its prediction residual; Under upper left disabled situation, if utilize this predictive mode then prediction effect can be very poor, so can remove this predictive mode; Therefore, available directivity predictive mode is the vertical mode among Fig. 3 B in this step.
503, image encoding apparatus subtracts each other the value of certain pixel in available predictions pattern corresponding reference pixel value and the current image block; Obtain the corresponding prediction residual of each available predictions pattern; The prediction residual corresponding according to each available predictions pattern selects a predictive mode as the employed predictive mode of this image block.
504, image encoding apparatus is confirmed the employed predictive mode of this image block needed bit number of encoding according to the quantity of available predictions pattern.
505, image encoding apparatus is encoded to the employed predictive mode of this image block according to the bit number of confirming, obtains code word.
Because it is unavailable that step 502 confirms to adopt the horizontal pattern among Fig. 3 B among this embodiment; Then directivity predictive mode quantity reduces half, and available directivity predictive mode is 16 kinds, adds the DC pattern; 17 kinds altogether; So only need use 5 bits just can above-mentioned 17 kinds of predictive modes be distinguished,, reduce by 1 bit than prior art so use 5 bits that the employed predictive mode of this image block is encoded.
506, image encoding apparatus sends bit stream to image decoding apparatus; Wherein, Said bit stream comprises: the code word that step 505 obtains and the compressed bit stream of prediction residual; This prediction residual is the poor of pixel value in pairing reference pixel value of the employed predictive mode of this image block and the image block, and the compressed bit stream of prediction residual is that prediction residual is carried out the code stream that obtains behind conversion, quantification, the entropy coding.
Left side piece when image block in the embodiment of the invention is unavailable; But the top piece time spent; Confirm that the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set comprises vertical mode and DC pattern among Fig. 3 B, the number of this available predictions pattern is lacked than the number of the predictive mode in the predictive mode set, therefore; Can use less bit number that the employed predictive mode of image block is encoded; Not only can effectively reduce the bit number that the predictive mode coding is adopted, and, improve the precision of prediction of pixel owing to removed the very poor predictive mode of prediction effect.
Need to prove; In step 404-405 and step 504-505, adopt the fixed length code sign to know predictive mode among above-mentioned two embodiment, in another embodiment, also can adopt avriable length codes sign predictive mode; Such as; For the UDI technology, in image encoding apparatus, preserve three code tables (being assumed to first code table, second code table and the 3rd code table), preserve the corresponding relation of 34 kinds of predictive modes and code word in first code table; Preserve the 17 kinds of predictive modes comprising horizontal pattern and DC pattern and the corresponding relation of code word in second code table; Preserve the corresponding relation of 17 kinds of predictive modes comprising vertical mode and DC pattern and code word in second code table, in above-mentioned three code tables, the predictive mode that probability of occurrence is many can adopt than the code word of growing; The predictive mode that probability of occurrence is few can adopt short code word, and the average length of the code word in second, third code table is shorter than the average length of code word in first code table.Image encoding apparatus is confirmed the employed code table of this image block according to the quantity of available predictions pattern; For embodiment illustrated in fig. 4; Confirm that then the employed code table of this image block is second code table, searches the pairing code word of the employed predictive mode of this image block, then for embodiment illustrated in fig. 5 in second code table; Confirm that then the employed code table of this image block is the 3rd code table, searches the pairing code word of the employed predictive mode of this image block then in the 3rd code table.Perhaps; In image encoding apparatus, preserve two code tables (being code table 1, code table 2), preserve the corresponding relation of 34 kinds of predictive modes and code word in the code table 1, preserve the corresponding relation of 33 kinds of predictive modes (being horizontal pattern and vertical mode and the DC pattern among Fig. 3 B) and code word in the code table 2; Wherein, Code word can corresponding two kinds of directivity predictive modes in the code table 2, and a kind of is certain predictive mode in the horizontal pattern, and another kind is certain predictive mode in the vertical mode; In code table 1 and code table 2, the predictive mode that probability of occurrence is many can adopt long code word, and the predictive mode that probability of occurrence is few can adopt the code word of weak point, and the average length of the code word in the code table 2 is shorter than the average length of code word in the code table 1.In this mode, for Fig. 4 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 5, confirm that the employed code table of this image block all is a code table 2, in code table 2, search the pairing code word of the employed predictive mode of this image block then.For this avriable length codes, need in bit stream, carry leading indication bit, this leading indication bit has been indicated the length of this code word, so that the successive image decoding device according to the length of code word, extracts code word from bit stream.
Need to prove; When unavailable and top piece is also unavailable when the left side of image block piece, because the place one's entire reliance upon pixel value of left side piece of the precision of prediction of horizontal pattern among Fig. 3 B, under the disabled situation of on the left side piece; If utilize these predictive modes then prediction effect can be very poor; So remove these predictive modes, because the place one's entire reliance upon pixel value of top piece of the precision of prediction of vertical mode among Fig. 3 B, on top under the disabled situation of piece; If utilize these predictive modes then prediction effect can be very poor, so remove these predictive modes.Because left side piece is unavailable and the top piece is also unavailable; So upper left also unavailable; Therefore the prediction effect of image block upper left corner predictive mode of direction to the lower right corner also can be very poor among Fig. 3 B, so in this case, do not adopt the directivity predictive mode; But adopt the DC pattern; Need not the predictive mode that is adopted is encoded this moment, but image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus are the DC pattern according to the position employed coding mode of this image block of acquiescence of image block in band, and need not use bit that the DC pattern is encoded.
Consult Fig. 6, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of coding/decoding method of predictive mode, and it comprises:
601,, confirm the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of image block, left side piece and upper left, wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left.
Wherein, the executive agent of this embodiment is an image decoding apparatus.
Wherein, identical with associated description in the step 301 among this embodiment to top piece, left side piece and upper left definition and associated description, repeat no more at this.
After step 601, before the step 602, this method also comprises: whether the quantity of judging determined available predictions pattern is greater than 1, if carry out subsequent step 602; If the predictive mode of confirming said image block is the DC pattern not.Because image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus all can be confirmed the available predictions pattern according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; At the top of image block piece unavailable and left side piece unavailable after; Confirm that this predictive mode is the DC pattern; Have only a predictive mode this moment, so image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus need not encoded to this DC pattern when giving tacit consent to the DC pattern.
602, according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block, and wherein, said bit stream comprises the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece.
Wherein, this step includes but not limited to following two kinds of implementations:
First kind of mode: according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; Confirm the bit length that said code word takies,, from said bit stream, extract said code word according to determined bit length; Said code word is decoded, obtain the employed predictive mode of said image block.
The second way: confirm the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; In said code table, search the pairing predictive mode of said code word; Wherein, the predictive mode that is found is the employed predictive mode of said image block.
The embodiment of the invention is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; Then according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; Code word to the pairing sign predictive mode of this image block is decoded; Obtain the predictive mode of this image block, can consider that the number of available predictions pattern reduces also can successfully decode under the situation of length of code word at image encoding apparatus.
For technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention is provided is clearer, following two method embodiment are described in detail technique scheme:
Fig. 7 shows the coding/decoding method of the predictive mode that one embodiment of the invention provides, and the top piece of supposition current image block is unavailable among this embodiment, and left side piece is available, and this method comprises:
701, image decoding apparatus receives bit stream; This bit stream comprises: the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece and the compressed bit stream of prediction residual; Wherein, this prediction residual is the poor of pixel value in pairing reference pixel value of the employed predictive mode of this image block and the image block.
702, image decoding apparatus confirms that according to the position of image block in band the top piece of this image block is unavailable, and left side piece is available.
703, image decoding apparatus is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set, and wherein, the available predictions pattern comprises: available directivity predictive mode (being the horizontal pattern among Fig. 3 B) and DC pattern.
The description of the available predictions pattern in concrete definite predictive mode set is similar with the description of step 402, repeats no more at this.
704, image decoding apparatus is according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, confirms the bit length that the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece takies, and according to determined bit length, from bit stream, extracts this code word.
705, the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece is decoded, obtain the employed predictive mode of this image block.
Follow-up, this image decoding apparatus is confirmed the value of concrete pixel in this image block according to pairing reference pixel value of the employed predictive mode of this image block and prediction residual.
Top piece when image block in the embodiment of the invention is unavailable; But the left side piece time spent; Image decoding apparatus confirms that the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set is the horizontal pattern among Fig. 3 B, and image encoding apparatus can use less bit number that the employed predictive mode of this image block is encoded like this, dwindles code word size; And image decoding apparatus can consider that the number of available predictions pattern reduces also can successfully decode under the situation of length of code word at image encoding apparatus.
Fig. 8 shows the coding method of the predictive mode that another embodiment of the present invention provides, and the left side piece of supposition current image block is unavailable among this embodiment, and the top piece is available, and this method comprises:
801, image decoding apparatus receives bit stream; This bit stream comprises: the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece and the compressed bit stream of prediction residual; Wherein, this prediction residual is the poor of pixel value in pairing reference pixel value of the employed predictive mode of this image block and the image block.
802, image encoding apparatus confirms that according to the position of image block in band the left side piece of this image block is unavailable, and the top piece is available.
803, image decoding apparatus is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set, and wherein, the available predictions pattern comprises: available directivity predictive mode (being the vertical mode among Fig. 3 B) and DC pattern.
The description of the available predictions pattern in concrete definite predictive mode set is similar with the description of step 502, repeats no more at this.
Step 804-805 is identical with step 704-705, repeats no more at this.。
Left side piece when image block in the embodiment of the invention is unavailable; But the top piece time spent; Confirm that the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set is the vertical mode among Fig. 3 B, image encoding apparatus can use less bit number that the employed predictive mode of this image block is encoded like this, dwindles code word size; And image decoding apparatus can consider that the number of available predictions pattern reduces also can successfully decode under the situation of length of code word at image encoding apparatus.
Need to prove; When unavailable and top piece is also unavailable when the left side of image block piece; Do not adopt the directivity predictive mode, but adopt the DC pattern, this moment, image encoding apparatus need not the predictive mode that is adopted is encoded; But image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus are the DC pattern according to the position employed coding mode of this image block of acquiescence of image block in band, and need not use bit that the DC pattern is encoded.
Need to prove; If image encoding apparatus adopts avriable length codes sign predictive mode; Then image decoding apparatus can adopt following mode to obtain the employed predictive mode of image block: for the bit stream that carries this avriable length codes; Usually in bit stream, can carry leading indication bit, this leading indication bit has been indicated the length of avriable length codes, and image decoding apparatus extracts this code word according to the length of avriable length codes bit from bit stream.In one embodiment, for the UDI technology, preserve three code tables (being assumed to first code table, second code table and the 3rd code table) in the image decoding apparatus; Preserve the corresponding relation of 34 kinds of predictive modes and code word in first code table; Preserve the 17 kinds of predictive modes comprising horizontal pattern and DC pattern and the corresponding relation of code word in second code table, preservation comprises the 17 kinds of predictive modes of vertical mode and DC pattern and the corresponding relation of code word in second code table, in above-mentioned three code tables; The predictive mode that probability of occurrence is many can adopt long code word; The predictive mode that probability of occurrence is few can adopt short code word, and the average length of the code word in second, third code table is shorter than the average length of code word in first code table, and image decoding apparatus is confirmed the employed code table of this image block according to the quantity of available predictions pattern; For embodiment illustrated in fig. 7; Confirm that then the employed code table of this image block is second code table, searches the pairing predictive mode of code word, then for embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 in second code table; Confirm that then the employed code table of this image block is the 3rd code table, searches the pairing predictive mode of code word then in the 3rd code table.In another embodiment; In image decoding apparatus, preserve two code tables (being code table 1, code table 2), preserve the corresponding relation of 34 kinds of predictive modes and code word in the code table 1, preserve the corresponding relation of 33 kinds of predictive modes (being horizontal pattern and vertical mode and the DC pattern among Fig. 3 B) and code word in the code table 2; Wherein, Code word can corresponding two kinds of directivity predictive modes in the code table 2, and a kind of is certain predictive mode in the horizontal pattern, and another kind is certain predictive mode in the vertical mode; In code table 1 and code table 2, the predictive mode that probability of occurrence is many can adopt long code word, and the predictive mode that probability of occurrence is few can adopt the code word of weak point, and the average length of the code word in the code table 2 is shorter than the average length of code word in the code table 1.In this mode, for Fig. 7 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, confirm that the employed code table of this image block all is a code table 2, in code table 2, search the pairing predictive mode of this code word then.
Consult Fig. 9, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of encoding device, and this encoding device can be image encoding apparatus, and it comprises:
Available predictions pattern determining unit 10 is used for the availability according to the adjacent block of image block, confirms the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: top piece, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left; The mode of concrete definite available predictions pattern repeats no more at this referring to the corresponding description of method embodiment.
Wherein, But the unavailable and left side piece time spent when the top of said image block piece; Perhaps, when available and top piece was unavailable when the left side of said image block piece, the quantity of said available predictions pattern was greater than 1 and less than the quantity of directivity predictive mode in the predictive mode set; When unavailable and left side piece was unavailable when the top of said image block piece, the quantity of said available predictions pattern was 1, and said available predictions pattern is the DC pattern.
This encoding device also comprises:
Judging unit 30, whether the quantity that is used to judge determined available predictions pattern is greater than 1;
Said coding unit 20 is used in the judged result of judging unit according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, the employed predictive mode of said image block being encoded when being, obtains code word.
Wherein, Coding unit 20 specifically is used for the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern; Definite bit number that the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded and adopted is encoded to the employed predictive mode of said image block according to determined bit number, obtains code word.But because the unavailable and left side piece time spent of top piece of image block; When available the and top piece of the left side piece of image block was unavailable, the quantity of available predictions pattern was less than the quantity of predictive mode in the predictive mode set, for the UDI technology; The quantity of its available predictions pattern can be 17; So only need 5 bits just can encode, prior art needs 6 bits, has saved 1 bit with respect to prior art.
Perhaps, coding unit 20 specifically is used for confirming the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, from said code table, searches the pairing code word of the employed predictive mode of said image block.But because the unavailable and left side piece time spent of top piece of image block; When available the and top piece of the left side piece of image block is unavailable; The code table that adopts under all available situation of the top piece of its code table that adopts and image block and left side piece is different; The average length of the code word of its code table that adopts is shorter than the average length of the code word of the code table that adopts under all available situation of the top piece of image block and left side piece when an adjacent block unavailable (being that left side piece is unavailable or the top piece is unavailable) is arranged, thereby can reduce code word size.
The embodiment of the invention is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; Then according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; The employed predictive mode of said image block in the said available predictions pattern is encoded; Because when certain adjacent block of image block was unavailable, the number of available predictive mode can be lacked than the number of predictive mode in the predictive mode set, when coding, has considered the number of available predictive mode; Thereby can reduce the length of code word, make the coding of predictive mode take less bit number.
Consult Figure 10, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of decoding device, and this decoding device can be image decoding apparatus, and it comprises:
Available predictions pattern determining unit 60 is used for the availability according to the adjacent block of image block, confirms the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: top piece, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
Decoding unit 70 is used for the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern, and bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block, and wherein, said bit stream comprises the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece.
Optional, also comprise: judging unit 80, whether the quantity that is used to judge determined available predictions pattern is greater than 1; This decoding unit 70 is used in the judged result of judging unit 80 when being, according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block.
Wherein, Decoding unit specifically is used for the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern; Confirm the bit length that said code word takies,, from said bit stream, extract said code word according to determined bit length; Said code word is decoded, obtain the employed predictive mode of said image block.
Perhaps; Decoding unit specifically is used for confirming the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; In said code table, search the pairing predictive mode of said code word, wherein, the predictive mode that is found is the employed predictive mode of said image block.
The embodiment of the invention is confirmed the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set according to the availability of the adjacent block of image block; Then according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; Code word to the pairing sign predictive mode of this image block is decoded; Obtain the predictive mode of this image block, can consider that the number of available predictions pattern reduces also can successfully decode under the situation of length of code word at image encoding apparatus.
Consult Figure 11; The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of network system; It comprises encoding device 1101 and decoding device 1102, and wherein, the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of encoding device 1101 is with embodiment illustrated in fig. 9 identical; The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of decoding device 1102 repeats no more at this with embodiment illustrated in fig. 10 identical.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step that realizes in the foregoing description method is to instruct relevant hardware to accomplish through program; Described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable recording medium; Read-only memory for example, disk or CD etc.
More than decoding method, coding/decoding apparatus and the network system of the predictive mode that the embodiment of the invention provided have been carried out detailed introduction; Used concrete example among this paper principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. the coding method of a predictive mode is characterized in that, comprising:
According to the availability of the adjacent block of image block, confirm the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded, obtain code word, wherein, the employed predictive mode of said image block is one or more predictive mode in the said available predictions pattern.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, before the employed predictive mode of said image block encoded, this method also comprised:
Whether the quantity of judging determined available predictions pattern greater than 1, if continue to carry out the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern, the step that the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded; If not, the employed predictive mode of said image block is not encoded.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that,
But the unavailable and left side piece time spent when the top of said image block piece, perhaps, when available and top piece was unavailable when the left side of said image block piece, the quantity of said available predictions pattern was greater than 1 and less than the quantity of directivity predictive mode in the predictive mode set;
When unavailable and left side piece was unavailable when the top of said image block piece, the quantity of said available predictions pattern was 1, and said available predictions pattern is a direct current DC pattern.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded, obtain code word and comprise:
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, definite bit number that the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded and adopted is encoded to the employed predictive mode of said image block according to determined bit number, obtains code word;
Perhaps,
Confirm the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, from said code table, search the pairing code word of the employed predictive mode of said image block.
5. the coding/decoding method of a predictive mode is characterized in that, comprising:
According to the availability of the adjacent block of image block, confirm the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block, and wherein, said bit stream comprises the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, before bit stream was decoded, this method also comprised:
Whether the quantity of judging determined available predictions pattern is greater than 1, if continue to carry out the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern, the step that bit stream is decoded; If the predictive mode of confirming said image block is a direct current DC pattern not.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described methods, it is characterized in that,
But the unavailable and left side piece time spent when the top of said image block piece, perhaps, when available and top piece was unavailable when the left side of said image block piece, the quantity of said available predictions pattern was greater than 1 and less than the quantity of directivity predictive mode in the predictive mode set;
When unavailable and left side piece was unavailable when the top of said image block piece, said available predictions pattern was the DC pattern.
8. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block and comprises:
According to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, confirm the bit length that said code word takies, according to determined bit length, from said bit stream, extract said code word, said code word is decoded, obtain the employed predictive mode of said image block;
Perhaps,
Confirm the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, in said code table, search the pairing predictive mode of said code word, wherein, the predictive mode that is found is the employed predictive mode of said image block.
9. an encoding device is characterized in that, comprising:
The available predictions pattern determining unit is used for the availability according to the adjacent block of image block, confirms the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
Coding unit; Be used for quantity, the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded, obtain code word according to determined available predictions pattern; Wherein, the employed predictive mode of said image block is one or more predictive mode in the said available predictions pattern.
10. equipment according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Judging unit, whether the quantity that is used to judge determined available predictions pattern is greater than 1;
Said coding unit is used in the judged result of judging unit according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, the employed predictive mode of said image block being encoded when being, obtains code word.
11. equipment according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Said coding unit; Be used for quantity according to determined available predictions pattern; Definite bit number that the employed predictive mode of said image block is encoded and adopted is encoded to the employed predictive mode of said image block according to determined bit number, obtains code word;
Perhaps,
Said coding unit is used for confirming the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, from said code table, searches the pairing code word of the employed predictive mode of said image block.
12. a decoding device is characterized in that, comprising:
The available predictions pattern determining unit is used for the availability according to the adjacent block of image block, confirms the available predictions pattern in the predictive mode set; Wherein, the adjacent block of image block comprises: the top piece of said image block, left side piece and upper left, and wherein, at least one is unavailable among said top piece, left side piece and upper left;
Decoding unit is used for the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern, and bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block, and wherein, said bit stream comprises the code word of the employed predictive mode of identification image piece.
13. equipment according to claim 12 is characterized in that,
Judging unit, whether the quantity that is used to judge determined available predictions pattern is greater than 1;
Said decoding unit is used in the judged result of judging unit when being, according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern, bit stream is decoded, and obtains the employed predictive mode of said image block.
14. equipment according to claim 12 is characterized in that,
Said decoding unit is used for the quantity according to determined available predictions pattern, confirms the bit length that said code word takies; According to determined bit length; From said bit stream, extract said code word, said code word is decoded, obtain the employed predictive mode of said image block;
Perhaps,
Said decoding unit; Be used for confirming the code table that said image block adopts according to the quantity of determined available predictions pattern; In said code table, search the pairing predictive mode of said code word, wherein, the predictive mode that is found is the employed predictive mode of said image block.
15. a network system is characterized in that, comprising: aforesaid right requires described encoding device of 9-11 and aforesaid right to require the described decoding device of 12-14.
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