CN102590747B - Test system of temperature rise of motor winding and test method of the test system - Google Patents

Test system of temperature rise of motor winding and test method of the test system Download PDF

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CN102590747B
CN102590747B CN201210053886.7A CN201210053886A CN102590747B CN 102590747 B CN102590747 B CN 102590747B CN 201210053886 A CN201210053886 A CN 201210053886A CN 102590747 B CN102590747 B CN 102590747B
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motor
temperature
winding
motor winding
resistance value
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CN102590747A (en
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宋强
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The invention provides a test system of temperature rise of a three-phase alternator winding, which comprises a breaker, a discharge circuit, temperature measuring equipment and a motor winding resistance measurement circuit. The measurement circuit is used to measure the resistance value of a two-phase circuit with the breaker, and the temperature measuring equipment is used to measure the temperatures of water in-out ports of cooling water of a motor. The test system further comprises current measuring equipment connected with a controller and used to measure the current of direct current generated by a generator driven by the motor, and the controller for receiving signals of the temperature measuring equipment and controlling the breaker, the discharge circuit and the measurement circuit. The test device provided by the invention has the advantages of being low in cost, high in test precision, and simple and efficient in test method.

Description

Motor winding temperature rise test macro and method of testing thereof
Technical field
Native system relates to a kind of warm raising measurement set and measuring method thereof of motor, particularly relates to the motor in a kind of automobile motor drive system.
Background technology
Temperature rise is an important performance technical indicator of automobile motor, and decline and the damage of most of vehicula motor performance are all caused by the overheated of motor.Because the torque of traction electric machine output speed, produce iron loss, copper loss, stray loss, excitation loss etc. causes motor temperature to raise simultaneously, thus wherein the quality of winding insulation material decides the quality of motor performance and precision, even decide the term of life of motor, and temperature is the key factor determining the insulating material life-span.So, be the requisite work of electromechanical testing to the detection of motor winding temperature rise.
Traditional DC electric machine temperature rise testing carries out with direct load method under rated power or name-plate current, voltage and rated speed, usually adopts feedback method.
Shown in Figure 4, be motor temperature-raising experiment installation drawing in prior art.
Described DC electric machine temperature test apparatus comprises the first direct current generator 101, second direct current generator 102, coaxial connector 103 and line power 104.
First direct current generator 101 and the second direct current generator 102 are connected in parallel on the two ends of line power 104.
First direct current generator 101 is coaxially connected by coaxial connector 103 with the second direct current generator 102, realize thus two direct current generators mechanically and electrically on be interconnected.
Using the first direct current generator 101 as motor running, drive the second direct current generator 102 to rotate by the first direct current generator 101 by coaxial connector 103, make the second direct current generator 102 be operated in Generator Status.The electricity that second direct current generator 102 sends is fed back on the bus that two direct current generators connect jointly, works in order to drive the first direct current generator 101.
The electric current of tested motor, tachometer value are all adjusted to its ratings, just can carry out temperature rise test.This experimental provision in the ideal case, the electric energy that second direct current generator 102 sends is equal with the electric energy that the first direct current generator 101 consumes, but in reality, can be lossy in direct current generator operational process, need during temperature rise test to compensate this part loss, in the DC electric machine temperature test apparatus shown in Fig. 1, power compensation is completed by line power 104 or booster.
DC electric machine temperature test apparatus of the prior art, when carrying out temperature rise test to direct current generator, needs one with the direct current generator of tested direct current generator match specifications as accompanying motor.But, when carrying out temperature rise test to the large-size machine of small serial production, being difficult to suitable motor as accompanying motor, causing motor temperature-raising experiment to realize more difficult.
Shown in Figure 5, be electric machine temperature rise Experimental equipment in another kind of prior art.
In the apparatus, rectifier 203, PWM chopper 204 and wave filter 202 are sequentially connected in series between ac power input end and tested motor, and described DC filter capacitors 201 is connected between the output terminal of described rectifier 203, described control module 205 is by sine-wave generator 6, triangular-wave generator 207, first superimposer 208, second superimposer 209 and pwm signal generator 210 are formed, two input ends of described sine-wave generator 206 are connected with amplitude input end with frequency input respectively, the output terminal of this sine-wave generator 206 is connected with two input ends of the first superimposer 208 with direct current average voltage set-point input end, the output terminal of the first superimposer 208 is connected with the modulation signal input end of the second superimposer 209, the carrier input of the second superimposer 209 is connected with the triangular wave output terminal of triangular-wave generator 207, the output terminal of the second superimposer 209 is connected with the input end of pwm signal generator 210, and the gating pulse output terminal of this pwm signal generator 210 is corresponding with the Pulse Width Control input end of PWM chopper 204 to be connected.But this apparatus structure is complicated, and cost is high.
In addition, the detection method of other general at present electric machine temperature rise is a lot, and now conventional method is electric-resistivity method, thermocouple method, or infrared temperature measurement apparatus.Infrared measurement of temperature is simple, but test is rough, and the impact being subject to the environment of surrounding and heat generating components comparatively greatly, not easily detects motor internal temperature rise situation simultaneously, thermocouple method accurately can test any temperature of winding, and list can not reflect the overall condition of winding temperature rise; And electric-resistivity method is mainly by measuring the cold and hot state resistance variations of its winding, and utilizing correlation formula, the average temperature rising situation of motor winding can be reflected comparatively objectively.
Traditional electric-resistivity method is after power cut-off, then is manually switched on tester, so defines time delay, and cause winding heat release to be lowered the temperature, final testing result is inaccurate, and automaticity is very low, and made work amount is very large; And common bridge method and the existing special measurement equipment ubiquity when testing temperature rise, and automaticity is low, function is very imperfect, workload large and precision is also difficult to reach the defects such as requirement.
The temperature rise test of laboratory to automobile motor is in operation after one hour, and direct power-off, manually measures the internal resistance of motor, then in the matching by data, obtains the temperature limit of automobile motor.This method does not detect the temperature rise balance of motor, during motor winding temperature rise to be measured, can produce certain impact to the result measured.If motor does not reach the balance of temperature rise, just start to measure it, so will be inaccurate to the measurement result of electric machine temperature rise, temperature rise can be made less than normal.If electric machine temperature rise balance reaches, and the overlong time that motor runs, so will waste experimental facilities, useless test period increases, and its economic benefit is declined.
Summary of the invention
Native system needs the problem solved to be, for existing electric-resistivity method test result is inaccurate and proving installation is complicated, be difficult to the shortcomings such as realization, and artificial intensity is large, robotization and the deficiency such as integrated level is low, the test bed electric machine temperature rise test macro of a kind of automobile motor proposed, realizes certain integrated with original pilot system.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides a kind of motor winding temperature rise test macro, described motor is three phase alternating current motor, comprising: two isolating switchs, and it is connected with any quarter-phase circuit in the three-phase circuit between controller with described three phase alternating current motor respectively; Discharge circuit, it comprises discharge resistance, is connected with the above-mentioned quarter-phase circuit with isolating switch; Motor winding resistance metering circuit, it is for measuring the resistance of the quarter-phase circuit with isolating switch; Temperature measuring equipment, it is for measuring the temperature of the intake-outlet of motor chilled water; And controller, it for receiving the signal of temperature measuring equipment, and controls described isolating switch, discharge circuit and metering circuit.
Preferably, also comprise current measuring device, it is connected with controller, for measuring the galvanic electric current that described motor-driven described generator produces.
Preferably, described temperature measuring equipment comprises two temperature sensors, and it measures the temperature of the intake-outlet of chilled water respectively, and when the temperature of the intake-outlet that described measurement mechanism records is identical, described controller sends stop instruction to described motor.
Preferably; described motor winding metering circuit comprises weighing apparatus stream DC source and relay switch; its be arranged on described in there is isolating switch quarter-phase circuit between; after described controller sends stop instruction to motor; when the current signal that described voltage measuring apparatus records is 0, controller sends closure signal to described relay switch.
Preferably, the electric current of described weighing apparatus stream DC source is 5A.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of testing of motor winding temperature rise test macro, and described test macro comprises discharge circuit, and it has discharge switch; Motor winding resistance metering circuit, it has measurement switch; Temperature measuring equipment, it is for measuring the temperature of the intake-outlet of motor chilled water; Described method of testing comprises the steps:
(1) when described intake-outlet temperature is identical, stop instruction is sent to motor;
(2) when motor speed is 0, closed discharge switch, eliminates motor winding residual voltage;
(3) measure motor winding residual voltage, when residual voltage is 0, disconnect discharge switch;
(4) closedly measure switch, by motor winding metering circuit measure motor shut down after not motor winding resistance in the same time;
(5) according to the not resistance value of motor winding and motor winding cold-state temperature and resistance value in the same time, the temperature rise of motor winding is calculated.
Preferably, front in above-mentioned steps (1), measure cold-state temperature and the resistance value of motor winding under stopped status, after having measured, send operation instruction to motor;
Preferably, in step (3), the galvanic electric current produced by measuring described motor-driven described generator determines whether motor speed is 0.
Preferably, in step (5), by calculating the resistance value of motor stopping moment winding, determining the temperature in motor stopping moment according to the temperature variant characteristic of resistance, and then determining the temperature rise of motor winding.
Preferably, the resistance value of motor stopping moment winding is according to following formulae discovery:
R 0 = R a { k ( ( Σ i = 1 n R i Σ i = 1 n t i 2 - Σ i = 1 n R i t i Σ i = 1 n t i n Σ i = 1 n t i 2 - ( Σ i = 1 n t i ) 2 ) - 4 - T b + T a ) + 1 }
Wherein, R0 is the resistance value of motor stopping moment motor winding, i.e. the resistance value of the moment motor winding of time t=0.Ra is motor when bringing into operation, the resistance value of motor winding.Tb is the motor stopping moment, i.e. the temperature of t=0 moment motor heat eliminating medium.Ta is motor when bringing into operation, the temperature of motor heat eliminating medium.K is motor winding temperature coefficient.Ri is the hot resistance value of t=ti moment motor winding.N is the number of times measuring the repetitive measurement that not hot resistance value is in the same time carried out.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Motor Measuring System structural drawing.
Fig. 2 is Motor Measuring System schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is electric machine temperature rise test flow chart
Fig. 4 is a kind of electric machine temperature rise proving installation of prior art
Fig. 5 is the electric machine temperature rise proving installation of another kind of prior art
Embodiment:
In Fig. 1, motor 3 is connected with observing and controlling machine 1 by mechanical connecting device 2, and is electrically connected with controller 4 simultaneously.Motor 3 is three phase alternating current motor, and it operates under the control of controller 4.Measuring system 5 is arranged in the three-phase circuit between motor 3 and controller 4, and measuring system 5 is connected with any quarter-phase circuit of this three-phase circuit.Measuring system 5 is connected with PC 7 by signal regulating device 6.Measuring system 5 is powered by independently power supply, and to stop and the correlation behavior parameter of operating condition is measured motor, meanwhile, measurement result be sent in PC 7, PC 7 carries out the measurements and calculations of the internal resistance of motor winding and temperature rise automatically.
In order to measure the temperature rise of motor more accurately, usually the resistance variations by measuring motor winding calculates electric machine temperature rise, namely after motor has run certain operating mode, motor is shut down, thus resistance is tested, namely motor cooling procedure is tested.That is, in order to realize the calculating of electric machine temperature rise, be the test to motor cooling procedure to the test of electric motor resistance value.Relation between electric machine temperature rise and motor winding resistance value is shown below:
ΔT=T 0-T a=(R 0-R a)(1+kT a)/kR a+(T b-T a)
Δ T is the temperature rise of motor.
T 0for motor stopping moment and t=0 moment, the temperature of motor winding.
T afor motor brings into operation the coolant temperature of moment motor winding and motor winding temperature, i.e. cold-state temperature, as motor winding cooling water temperature.
T bfor the motor stopping moment, i.e. the temperature of t=0 moment motor heat eliminating medium.
R 0for the resistance value of motor stopping moment motor winding, i.e. the resistance value of the moment motor winding of time t=0.
R afor motor bring into operation time, the resistance value of motor winding.
K is electric motor resistance temperature coefficient.
One of ordinary skill in the art are known, and the winding temperature directly measuring the motor stopping moment has difficulties, and can know from above formula, parameter R a, T a, T ball the data that can directly survey, but, for R 0, it corresponds to the resistance value of motor stopping moment motor winding, i.e. the resistance value of the moment motor winding of time t=0; because electric motor loop is mainly by inductive railway superstructures; there is electric capacity, these device properties can cause signal oscillating when measuring, and cause measurement error simultaneously.Therefore; surveying work should carry out after loop shutdown is stable; so, just can not obtain the resistance value of motor winding in " 0 " moment, the motor winding resistance R when data after " 0 " moment can only be relied on to carry out data interpolating or matching thus obtain t=0 0.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Motor Measuring System away from and to how obtaining motor winding resistance value R0 be described.
In Fig. 2, isolating switch K1, K2 are arranged in any quarter-phase circuit of the three-phase circuit between motor 3 and controller 4, and measuring system 5 comprises microprocessor 8, and isolating switch K1, K2 are connected with microprocessor 8, and under the control of microprocessor 8, realize connected sum disconnection.Resistance R1 is connected with the quarter-phase circuit being provided with isolating switch K1, K2 in the three-phase circuit between motor 3 and controller 4 by relay K 3, after isolating switch K1, K2 disconnect this quarter-phase circuit, relay K 3 closes, resistance R1 realizes forming loop, to be eliminated the winding residual voltage U1 of motor 3 by the electric discharge of resistance R1 with the quarter-phase circuit of motor.The magnitude of voltage of winding residual voltage U1 is by sending microprocessor 8 to after sensor measurement.
Measuring system also comprises temperature sensor 9, and temperature sensor 9, for measuring the change of the intake-outlet temperature of motor chilled water, reaches after balance until electric machine temperature rise, then carries out the rupturing operation of isolating switch K1, K2.Temperature rise balance is for intake-outlet temperature is identical or outlet temperature remains unchanged.If motor does not reach the balance of temperature rise, just start to measure it, so will be inaccurate to the measurement result of electric machine temperature rise, temperature rise can be made less than normal.If electric machine temperature rise balance reaches, and the overlong time that motor runs, so will waste experimental facilities, useless test period increases, and its economic benefit is declined.
Measuring system 5 also comprises constant-current dc source Ui, is preferably the constant current source of five amperes.This constant current source Ui is connected to by relay K 4 and is provided with in the quarter-phase circuit of isolating switch K1, K2 in the three-phase circuit between motor 3 and controller 4, when winding residual voltage U1 is zero, microprocessor 8 pilot relay K4 makes it close, constant current source Ui and this quarter-phase circuit form loop, measure the magnitude of voltage U0 of reaction motor winding hot resistance value simultaneously.
The DC signal that I produces for motor 3 drawing generator, the direct current that the alternating current that this direct current can produce for alternator produces after rectification, the direct current that also directly can produce for Dyn..
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3, electric machine temperature rise method of testing of the present invention and principle of work thereof are described.
First, in step S11, before motor brings into operation, microprocessor 8 pilot relay K4, makes it close, and under Heng Liuyuan Ui effect, measures cold conditions resistance and the cold-state temperature of motor winding.Can using environment temperature if room temperature be as the cold-state temperature of motor winding.
In step s 12, cold conditions resistance and cold-state temperature are sent to PC 7 by signal a.
In step s 13, microprocessor 8 pilot relay K4, make it disconnect, motor brings into operation.
In step S14 by temperature sensor 9 record electric machine temperature rise reach balance time, microprocessor sends stop instruction to motor; Subsequently, measure DC current I, until measured DC current I is zero (step S15), by DC current I be zero and the temperature rise information that reaches balance be sent to PC 7 (step S16) by signal b.In steps A 14, be the moment of zero as " 0 " moment of motor using DC current I, in step S16, send the status information that signal b comprises above-mentioned " 0 " moment simultaneously.
After the transmission of the signal 2 of microprocessor completing steps S16, send instruction, the connection between cutting-off controlling device 4 and motor 3 to controller 4, meanwhile, microprocessor 8 disconnects the connection of K1 and K2.Afterwards, microprocessor 8 pilot relay K3 makes it close, and resistance R1 realizes forming loop, to be eliminated the winding residual voltage U1 of motor 3 by the electric discharge of resistance R1 with the quarter-phase circuit of motor.
In step S18, detect the winding residual voltage U1 of motor 3.
When the residual voltage U1 that step S18 detects is zero, allow the operation of step S19, in step S19, disconnect relay K 3, closing relay K4 simultaneously, the quarter-phase circuit of constant current source Ui and motor forms loop, measures the magnitude of voltage U0 of reaction motor winding hot resistance value simultaneously, and then measures the internal resistance value of motor winding.In the different moment, point other measurement is carried out to the internal resistance value of motor winding, the result of measurement is sent to PC 7 by signal c.
In step S20, the resistance value in above-mentioned steps S19 preserved by PC 7, extrapolates the hot resistance of " 0 moment " motor winding simultaneously, and then according to temperature rise computing formula, calculates the temperature rise of motor.
Calculating by such as under type of the resistance of " 0 moment " motor winding:
R 0 = R a { k ( ( Σ i = 1 n R i Σ i = 1 n t i 2 - Σ i = 1 n R i t i Σ i = 1 n t i n Σ i = 1 n t i 2 - ( Σ i = 1 n t i ) 2 ) - 4 - T b + T a ) + 1 }
R0 is the resistance value of motor stopping moment motor winding, i.e. the resistance value of the moment motor winding of time t=0.
Ra is motor when bringing into operation, the resistance value of motor winding.
Tb is the motor stopping moment, i.e. the temperature of t=0 moment motor heat eliminating medium.
Ta is motor when bringing into operation, the temperature of motor heat eliminating medium.
K is motor winding temperature coefficient.
Ri is the hot resistance value of t=ti moment motor winding.
N is the number of times measuring the repetitive measurement that not hot resistance value is in the same time carried out.

Claims (2)

1. a motor winding temperature rise test macro, described motor is three phase alternating current motor, comprising: two isolating switchs, and it is connected with any quarter-phase circuit in the three-phase circuit between controller with described three phase alternating current motor respectively; Discharge circuit, it comprises discharge resistance, is connected with the above-mentioned quarter-phase circuit with isolating switch; Motor winding resistance metering circuit, it is for measuring the resistance of the quarter-phase circuit with isolating switch; Temperature measuring equipment, it is for measuring the temperature of the intake-outlet of motor chilled water; And controller, it for receiving the signal of temperature measuring equipment, and controls described isolating switch, discharge circuit and metering circuit; Also comprise current measuring device, it is connected with controller, for measuring the galvanic electric current that described motor-driven described generator produces; Described temperature measuring equipment comprises two temperature sensors, and it measures the temperature of the intake-outlet of chilled water respectively, and when the temperature of the intake-outlet that described temperature measuring equipment records is identical, described controller sends stop instruction to described motor; Described motor winding resistance metering circuit comprises constant-current dc source and relay switch, its be arranged on described in there is isolating switch quarter-phase circuit between, after described controller sends stop instruction to motor, when the current signal that described current measuring device records is 0, controller sends closure signal to described relay switch; The electric current in described constant-current dc source is 5A.
2. a method of testing for motor winding temperature rise test macro, described test macro comprises discharge circuit, and it has discharge switch; Motor winding resistance metering circuit, it has measurement switch; Temperature measuring equipment, it is for measuring the temperature of the intake-outlet of motor chilled water; Described method of testing comprises the steps:
(1) when described intake-outlet temperature is identical, stop instruction is sent to motor;
(2) when motor speed is 0, closed discharge switch, eliminates motor winding residual voltage;
(3) measure motor winding residual voltage, when residual voltage is 0, disconnect described discharge switch;
(4) closed described measurement switch, by motor winding metering circuit measure motor shut down after not motor winding resistance in the same time;
(5) according to the not resistance value of motor winding and motor winding cold-state temperature and resistance value in the same time, the temperature rise of motor winding is calculated;
Front in above-mentioned steps (1), measure cold-state temperature and the resistance value of motor winding under stopped status, after having measured, send operation instruction to motor;
In step (3), the galvanic electric current produced by measuring described motor-driven described generator determines whether motor speed is 0;
In step (5), by calculating the resistance value of motor stopping moment winding, determining the temperature in motor stopping moment according to the temperature variant characteristic of resistance, and then determining the temperature rise of motor winding;
The resistance value of motor stopping moment winding is according to following formulae discovery:
R0 is the resistance value of motor stopping moment motor winding, i.e. the resistance value of the moment motor winding of time t=0;
Ra is motor when bringing into operation, the resistance value of motor winding;
Tb is the motor stopping moment, i.e. the temperature of t=0 moment motor heat eliminating medium;
Ta is motor when bringing into operation, the temperature of motor heat eliminating medium;
K is motor winding temperature coefficient;
Ri is the hot resistance value of t=ti moment motor winding;
N is the number of times measuring the repetitive measurement that not hot resistance value is in the same time carried out.
CN201210053886.7A 2012-03-02 2012-03-02 Test system of temperature rise of motor winding and test method of the test system Expired - Fee Related CN102590747B (en)

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CN104198086B (en) * 2014-08-22 2017-01-25 美的集团股份有限公司 Winding temperature rise test method and device
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