CN102590494B - Molecular probe for detecting single-stranded and/or double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and application of molecular probe - Google Patents
Molecular probe for detecting single-stranded and/or double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and application of molecular probe Download PDFInfo
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- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 26
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- YVXNAGNLAPDXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyridin-2-ylpyridine;quinoxalino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline;ruthenium(2+) Chemical compound [Ru+2].N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=C2C3=NC4=CC=CC=C4N=C3C3=CC=CN=C3C2=N1 YVXNAGNLAPDXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 108020004682 Single-Stranded DNA Proteins 0.000 description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- BVQAWSJMUYMNQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyridophenazine Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=NC4=CC=CC=C4N=C3C3=CC=CN=C3C2=N1 BVQAWSJMUYMNQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108020003215 DNA Probes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000003298 DNA probe Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100483399 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) CDC34 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007960 acetonitrile Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl mercaptane Natural products CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 101000927313 Homo sapiens DNA replication ATP-dependent helicase DNA2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZBFGYYEXUXCOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N TCEP Chemical compound OC(=O)CCP(CCC(O)=O)CCC(O)=O PZBFGYYEXUXCOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation and relates to a molecular probe for detecting single-stranded and/or double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and application of molecular probe. The invention discovers that the molecular probe has the effects of single-stranded and double-stranded probes by optimizing a synthetic method in the prior art and synthesizing [Ru(bpy)2(dppz)]2<+> in an optimized way. The inventor preliminarily thinks that the space configuration of molecules of the molecular probe is changed by optimizing the synthetic method, namely bonding modes of isomers obtained by the synthetic method and DNA are different, so that the molecular probe has the effects of the single-stranded probe; and the inventor can further explore and research the action mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material, relate to a kind of molecular probe and application thereof that detects strand and/or double-stranded DNA; Specifically based on Ru title complex as a fluorescent molecular probe, its application be its can be with single stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) thus effect produces fluorescent signal.
Background technology
Nucleic acid is as the important carrier of genetic information, in the research application of bio-sensing system, it is a very important research contents that the detection of nucleic acid is analyzed always, and wherein the specific recognition of DNA is more and more more paid attention to and studies in fields such as genomics, medical diagnosis on disease, virusology, molecular biology.Prior art is comparatively general and ripe to the research of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), yet, the fluorescent molecular probe that can detect single strand dna is but relatively less, can be simultaneously to single stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA, carry out simple and quick, low-cost, high-sensitive identification and have larger challenge, and these technology very important ring in DNA detection is analyzed just.
In recent years, absorbance method, fluorescent method, Ruili light scattering method, chemoluminescence method and electrochemical process obtain general application in foranalysis of nucleic acids, and wherein, because fluorescent method has easy and simple to handlely, the features such as highly sensitive and visibility are studied widely.From people such as Barton, when studying a series of Ru (II) many pyridines title complex and nucleic acid interaction, find, it does not have fluorescence in the aqueous solution, and have very strong fluorescence while having dsDNA to exist in solution, therefore they are called to Nucleic acid molecular "Light Switch".In recent years Nucleic acid molecular "Light Switch" type probe has obtained research extensively and profoundly, and the specific fluorescent probe of synthetic exploitation becomes the key in DNA fluorescence sense strategy, [Ru (bpy)
2dppz]
2+being the most classical a kind of in DNA molecular switch, in known references, is mostly to [Ru (bpy) at present
2dppz]
2+as the research of dsDNA probe, yet, yet there are no utilization [Ru (bpy)
2dppz]
2+detect the report of ssDNA molecule.
Although about [Ru (bpy) 2 (dppz)]
2+research nearly 20 years, the bonding mechanism of itself and DNA always controversial, current more approval be that the dppz part of this probe is inserted in double-stranded DNA by intercalation effect.Yet, Barton seminar in 2009, find that the multiple isomer of this probe existence and the bonding mode of DNA all there are differences, as the easy bonding b form dna of Δ (right hand isomery) type title complex, and the easy bonding Z-DNA of ∧ (left hand isomery) type title complex
[1].Thereby the major cause that causes this result is because the space structure of probe is different, bonding mode to be changed.
The reference the present invention relates to:
[1]Lim，M.H.，et?al.，Sensitivity?of?Ru(bpy)(2)dppz(2+)Luminescence?to?DNA?Defects.Inorganic?Chemistry，2009.48(12)：p.5392-5397.
[2]Friedman，A.E.，et?al.，A?molecular?light?switch?for?DNA：Ru(bpy)2(dppz)2+.Journal?of?the?American?Chemical?Society，1990.112(12)：p.4960-4962.
[3]HolmLin，R.E.，E.D.A.Stemp，and?J.K.Barton，Ru(phen)2dppz2+Luminescence：Dependence?on?DNA?Sequences?and?Groove-Binding?Agents.Inorganic?Chemistry，1998.37(1)：p.29-34.
[4]Wang，J.，et?al.，Aptamer-BasedATP?Assay?Using?a?Luminescent?Light?Switching?Complex.Analytical?Chemistry，2005.77(11)：p.3542-3546.
[5]Barton，J.K.，E.D.Olmon，and?P.A.Sontz，Metal?complexes?for?DNA-mediated?charge?transport.Coordination?Chemistry?Reviews，2011.255(7-8)：p.619-634.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of molecular probe that can detect ssDNA and/or dsDNA by optimizing synthetic method, make molecular probe building-up process of the present invention simply controlled, the molecular probe obtaining can simple and quickly reflect in solution, whether there is DNA molecular, and the advantage of maximum of the present invention is directly effectively to detect ssDNA and/or the dsDNA in solution, release expensive causes complex operation step with fluorescently-labeled DNA probe, the problem that testing cost is high because using.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme:
One, the molecular probe of a kind of chemical structural formula I (title: 2,2 '-dipyridyl, two pyridos [3,2-a:2 ', 3 '-c] azophenlyene ruthenium, is called for short [Ru (bpy)
2dppz]
2+); It is characterized in that its method preparation of passing through described in synthetic route II obtains:
1) compound 1 is synthetic: after adjacent luxuriant and rich with fragrance sound of vomiting quinoline is dry with Potassium Bromide, join in the fully cooling vitriol oil, fully drip HNO after cooling again
3; Reaction system is heated to 40～50 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then is warmed up to 80～90 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then to 120 ℃ of constant temperature 1 hour, then cool to 80 ℃ of one nights of constant temperature; After cool to room temperature, neutralization reaction system, to pH=6～7, is used CH after decompress filter
2cl
2be extracted to CH
2cl
2approach the colourless thick product of compound 1 that obtains.
Further, thick product recrystallization in methyl alcohol, obtains yellow solid sterling;
Further, in the adjusting of product pH and time first use concentrated NaOH solution, the rear Na that uses
2cO
3solution is until without Bubble formation.
2) compound 2 is synthetic: with dissolve with ethanol compound 1, then drip the ethanolic soln of O-Phenylene Diamine; Reflux and within two hours, obtain faint yellow flocks, decompress filter, recrystallization final vacuum is dried and obtains spongy yellow solid is compound 2.
3) compound 3 is synthetic: by N, N '-dimethyl formamide adds ruthenium trichloride and 2, the mixed system of 2 '-dipyridyl, after reflux 4 hours, evaporate most of solvent of gained solution, remaining solution is cooled to after room temperature, then adds acetone and keep 0 ℃ of temperature standing 24 hours, and the solid insoluble of separating out brownish black is the thick product of compound 3.
Further, by the thick product decompress filter of compound 3 and with twice of the thick product of distilled water wash; The thick product of gained being placed on to water and ethanol is again that in the volume ratio mixing solutions of 1: 1, reflux was filtered after one hour, then adds lithium chloride fully to stir; Ethanol in final evaporation solution, continues to be placed in ice bath cooling again after the remaining aqueous solution is cooling; After standing 24 hours, in solution, separate out black crystals; Filter, vacuum-drying obtains compound 3 sterlings.
4) molecular probe of chemical structural formula I is synthetic: the ratio that is 1: 1.1 according to mol ratio by compound 3 and compound 2 adds in ethanol, and reflux under nitrogen protection is until reaction soln becomes red clear solution, cool to room temperature; After steaming most of solvent, add after water boil, then be put in ice-water bath coolingly, separate out insolubles; After filtration, washing, revolves steaming, and recrystallization obtains the probe molecule of chemical structural formula I;
Two, the preparation method of the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I of the present invention:
1) compound 1 is synthetic: after adjacent luxuriant and rich with fragrance sound of vomiting quinoline is dry with Potassium Bromide, join in the fully cooling vitriol oil, fully drip HNO after cooling again
3; Reaction system is heated to 40～50 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then is warmed up to 80～90 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then to 120 ℃ of constant temperature 1 hour, then cool to 80 ℃ of one nights of constant temperature; After cool to room temperature, neutralization reaction system, to pH=6～7, is used CH after decompress filter
2cl
2be extracted to CH
2cl
2approach the colourless thick product of compound 1 that obtains.
Further, thick product recrystallization in methyl alcohol, obtains yellow solid sterling.
Further, in the adjusting of product pH and time first use concentrated NaOH solution, the rear Na that uses
2cO
3solution is until without Bubble formation.
2) compound 2 is synthetic: with dissolve with ethanol compound 1, then drip the ethanolic soln of O-Phenylene Diamine; Reflux and within two hours, obtain faint yellow flocks, decompress filter, recrystallization final vacuum is dried and obtains spongy yellow solid is compound 2.
3) compound 3 is synthetic: by N, N '-dimethyl formamide adds ruthenium trichloride and 2, the mixed system of 2 '-dipyridyl, after reflux 4 hours, evaporate most of solvent of gained solution, remaining solution is cooled to after room temperature, then adds acetone and keep 0 ℃ of temperature standing 24 hours, and the solid insoluble of separating out brownish black is the thick product of compound 3.
Further, by the thick product decompress filter of compound 3 and with twice of the thick product of distilled water wash; The thick product of gained being placed on to water and ethanol is again that in the volume ratio mixing solutions of 1: 1, reflux was filtered after one hour, then adds lithium chloride fully to stir; Ethanol in final evaporation solution, continues to be placed in ice bath cooling again after the remaining aqueous solution is cooling; After standing 24 hours, in solution, separate out black crystals; Filter, vacuum-drying obtains compound 3 sterlings.
4) molecular probe of chemical structural formula I is synthetic: the ratio that is 1: 1.1 according to mol ratio by compound 3 and compound 2 adds in ethanol, and reflux under nitrogen protection is until reaction soln becomes red clear solution, cool to room temperature; After steaming most of solvent, add after water boil, then be put in ice-water bath coolingly, separate out insolubles; After filtration, washing, revolves steaming, and recrystallization obtains the probe molecule of chemical structural formula I;
Three, the application of the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I of the present invention.
Particularly, the molecular probe that is I by chemical structural formula and strand and/or double-stranded DNA are dissolved in HCl-Tris damping fluid and are mixed with the aqueous solution, and compound resulting fluorescent probe is for the fluorometric analysis of strand and/or double-stranded DNA.
Further, described Tris-HCl is slightly acidic or weakly alkaline.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention synthesized a kind of can with the water soluble fluorescence probe molecule of single stranded DNA effect; By the fluorescence phenomenon to detection system, measure, this probe molecule can directly effectively detect ssDNA and the dsDNA in water medium; The present invention is without marking type fluorescent probe, and testing cost is low, easy and simple to handle, and preparation technology's feasibility is high, has exempted because using the expensive problems such as complex operation, testing cost height that cause with fluorescently-labeled DNA probe;
2, the present invention is by being optimized synthetic method of the prior art, and concrete difference is: step 1 of the present invention), in the adjusting of product pH and time first use concentrated NaOH solution, the rear Na that uses
2cO
3solution is until without Bubble formation; And extract again after adding decompress filter operation after neutralization.And the method for prior art directly neutralizes with NaOH solution, and operate without suction filtration.In addition, step 4 of the present invention) in, by evaporation concentration and mixed solvent method recrystallization precipitated product, purify; And traditional method has added BF4-anionoid precipitated product to purify.
Prior art produces fluorescence to this probe bonding double-stranded DNA of same chemical structural formula of the present invention and is widely used, but itself and single stranded DNA effect generation fluorescence phenomenon does not also have a report
[2-5].The present invention has synthesized [Ru (bpy) 2 (dppz)] 2 by aforesaid method optimization
+, find that it has the effect of strand and double-stranded two kinds of probes.Contriver tentatively thinks to have caused the space configuration of its molecule that change has occurred by the optimization of synthetic method, the bonding mode of the isomer obtaining by synthetic method of the present invention and DNA all there are differences, make molecular probe of the present invention have the effect of single-stranded probe, contriver will carry out further exploratory development to this mechanism of action.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is [Ru (bpy) of the present invention
2(dppz)]
2+at CD
3nmr spectrum in CN (deuterated acetonitrile);
δH(CD3CN)9.66(2H，d，J＝8.4Hz)，8.57(4H，t，J＝9.3Hz)，8.48(2H，dd，J＝3.3，6.6Hz)，8.20-8.10(6H，overlapping?multiplets)，8.03(2H，td，J＝1.0，7.9Hz)，7.90(2H，dd，J＝5.4，8.1Hz)，7.87(2H，dd，J＝0.9，5.1Hz)，7.74(2H，d，J＝5.5Hz)，7.48(2H，ddd，J＝0.6，6.4Hz)，and?7.27(2H，ddd，J＝1.2，6.3Hz)。
Fig. 2 is [Ru (bpy) of the present invention
2(dppz)]
2+at aqueous solution medium ultraviolet visible absorption spectra figure.
Fig. 3 is different concns [Ru (bpy) of the present invention
2dppz]
2+solution and finite concentration dsDNA solution fluorescence emission spectrogram;
Wherein, the master map: [Ru (bpy) of different concns
2(dppz)]
2+(0,2,20,40,100,200,400 μ molL
-1) and 10 μ molL
-1dsDNA fluorescence curve figure, fluorescence signal intensity is with [Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+increasing of concentration and increasing; Illustration: fluorescence intensity is with [Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+concentration curve figure.
Fig. 4 is different concns ssDNA solution and finite concentration of the present invention [Ru (bpy)
2dppz]
2+solution fluorescence emission spectrogram;
Wherein, master map: for the ssDNA of different concns (0,0.01,0.10,1.0,5.0,10,25,50,100 μ molL
-1dNA3) 10 μ L and 40 μ molL
-1[Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+fluorescence curve figure; Illustration is that fluorescence intensity is with DNA3 concentration curve figure.
Fig. 5 is with each 10 μ molL of 6 kinds of ssDNA
-1with 40 μ molL
-1[Ru (bpy) 2 (dppz)]
2+fluorescence curve figure.
Wherein, under DNA1-6 sequence is placed on.
Fig. 6 utilizes the sulfydryl on DNA4 to be fixed on gold electrode, electrode is placed in to [Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+cyclic voltammetric (CV) figure in probe solution and buffering blank solution.
Fig. 7, for utilizing DNA4 to be fixed on gold electrode, is placed in electrode [Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+timing electric weight (CC) figure in probe solution and buffering blank solution.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment illustrates that chemical structural formula of the present invention is the molecular probe [Ru (bpy) of I
2dppz]
2+synthetic method, as shown in route II.
1) compound 1 is synthetic: take adjacent luxuriant and rich with fragrance sound of vomiting quinoline 2.0g and be put into a dry night in vacuum drying oven together with Potassium Bromide 3.5g, join by the vitriol oil of the fully cooling 20mL of ice-water bath, drip 10mL HNO after fully cooling again
3, remove ice-water bath, with oil bath, be heated to 40-50 ℃, constant temperature 2 hours, is warmed up to 80-90 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then to 120 ℃ of constant temperature 1 hour, then cools to 80 ℃ of one nights of constant temperature.After cool to room temperature, be neutralized to pH=6-7 (being not more than 7), decompress filter, then filtrate CH
2cl
2be extracted to CH
2cl
2approach colourless.Revolve steaming, recrystallization in methyl alcohol, obtains yellow solid 3.8g.
2) compound 2 is synthetic: 40mL dissolve with ethanol 1.2g phenanthroline diketone, then drips the ethanolic soln of 0.64g O-Phenylene Diamine.Reflux and within two hours, obtain faint yellow flocks, decompress filter, recrystallization final vacuum is dried and obtains spongy yellow solid.
3) compound 3 is synthetic: take ruthenium trichloride 1.04g, 2, 2 '-dipyridyl 1.29g, two kinds of medicines are put into 100mL dry, in clean flask, then add N, N '-dimethyl formamide 50mL, after reflux 4 hours, the solvent major part of gained solution is evaporated, remaining solution is cooled to after room temperature, add again 50mL acetone, be placed in refrigerator and maintain the temperature at 0 ℃, standing 24 hours, at this time separate out the solid insoluble of brownish black, then adopt the method for decompress filter that product is filtered out, with twice of the thick product of appropriate distilled water wash, again the thick product of gained is placed in the 200mL mixing solutions that water and ethanol are 1: 1, continues reflux one hour, filter, then add 15g lithium chloride, fully stir, ethanol in evaporating solns, continues to be placed in ice bath cooling again after the remaining aqueous solution is cooling, after standing 24 hours, in solution, separate out black crystals.Filter vacuum-drying.
4) compound 4 is synthetic: by 0.30gRu (bpy)
2cl
22H
2o and 0.18g dppz (mol ratio is 1: 1.1) join in the round-bottomed flask of 50mL, take 25mL ethanol as solvent, and reflux under nitrogen protection is until reaction soln becomes red clear solution, cool to room temperature.Steam most of solvent, then add a certain amount of water to boil simultaneously, then be put in ice-water bath coolingly, now have a large amount of insolubless to separate out (dppz is water insoluble).After filtration, washing, revolves steaming, then uses mixed solvent method recrystallization, just can obtain target product.
5) by [Ru (bpy)
2dppz]
2+title complex and strand (two strands) DNA is dissolved in HCl-Tris damping fluid and is mixed with the certain density aqueous solution, then mixes, and compound resulting fluorescent probe can be used for the fluorometric analysis of strand (two strands) DNA.
Described step 3) in, in the adjusting of product pH and time first use concentrated NaOH solution, the rear Na that uses
2cO
3solution is until without Bubble formation.
Described step 5), in, the Tris-HCl of use can be slightly acidic or weakly alkaline.
The chemical structural formula finally obtaining is I's [Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+at CD
3nmr spectrum in CN (deuterated acetonitrile) as shown in Figure 1; It at aqueous solution medium ultraviolet visible absorption spectra figure as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 2
The application of the molecular probe that the present embodiment explanation is I by chemical structural formula, is about to it and is dissolved in HCl-Tris damping fluid and is mixed with the aqueous solution with strand and/or double-stranded DNA, and compound resulting fluorescent probe is used for the fluorometric analysis of strand and/or double-stranded DNA.
Wherein, the ssDNA that six groups of described ssDNA sample solutions relate to is:
DNA1：CTCACTATAGGAAGAGATGGATGTCTGT；
DNA2：ACAGACATCATCTCTGAAGTAGCGCCGCCGTATAGTGAG；
DNA3：ACTCACTATAGGAAGAGATTCTGT；
DNA4：HS-(CH2)6-AAAGCGGTTGTGTTCAGTTGC；
DNA5：GCACGCCTCACTATAGGAAGAGATGATTGCGTGC；
DNA6：AATCATCTCTGAAGTAGCGCCGCCGTATAGTGAG。
Above primer is synthetic and purifying by the raw work in Shanghai (Sangon Inc).
The dsDNA that described dsDNA solution relates to is: by DNA5 and DNA6 complementation, formed, above primer is synthetic and purifying by the raw work in Shanghai (Sangon Inc).
(1) [the Ru of the present invention (bpy) of dsDNA and different concns
2(dppz)]
2+probe molecule effect
The Ru Complex probe that takes appropriate embodiment 1 synthesized, is dissolved in 5mmolL
-1tris, 50mmolL
-1naCl, in pH7.4 buffered soln, is mixed with the probe solution of a series of different concns.7 parts of probe solutions that pipette respectively 100 μ L different concns drip in 100 μ L 10 μ molL
-1dsDNA solution in, making probe solution ultimate density is 0,1,10,20,50,100,200 μ molL
-1.At room temperature, by Molecular Devicws Model Spectramax M5e type microplate reader, at 440nm wavelength place, excite, detect wavelength region 500nm～800nm.Experimental result is as shown in Figure 3: at dsDNA, can make probe molecule produce fluorescence, and the increase along with probe molecule concentration, fluorescence intensity first increase enter afterwards mild, illustrating that probe is combined with dsDNA levels off to saturatedly, shows that the present invention can effectively detect the dsDNA in water medium without a large amount of probes.
(2) based on [Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+probe in detecting ssDNA molecule
The Ru Complex probe that takes appropriate synthesized, is dissolved in 5mmolL
-1tris, 50mmolL
-1naCl, in pH 7.4 buffered soln, is mixed with 40 μ molL
-1the probe solution of concentration.A, pipette 100 μ L probe solutions and drip in concentration and be respectively 0,1 * 10 respectively
-3, 1 * 10
-2, 0.1,1,5,10,25,50,100 μ molL
-1in DNA3 solution to be measured.At room temperature, by Molecular Devicws Model Spectramax M5e type microplate reader, at 440nm wavelength place, excite, detect wavelength region 500nm～800nm.Experimental result is as shown in Figure 4: when existing without ssDNA target compound, without fluorescence, produce; Along with the increase of ssDNA concentration, fluorescence intensity constantly strengthens, and shows that this probe can effectively detect the ssDNA in water medium.B, pipette 100 μ L probe solutions and drip respectively in 100 μ L 10 μ molL
-1dNA1-DNA6 sample solution in, under similarity condition, carry out fluorometric investigation, experimental result is as shown in Figure 5: after 6 kinds of single stranded DNAs and probe molecule effect, all produce fluorescence, show that this probe can be widely used in the detection of all kinds of single stranded DNAs, wherein DNA4 is the DNA that contains sulfydryl modification.
(3) [Ru (bpy)
2(dppz)]
2+the electrochemical Characterization of probe and ssDNA effect
In Electrochemical Modification electrode; adopt 5 ends to be modified at gold electrode (2mm diameter with the DNA4 of marking sulfhydryl; Shanghai occasion China) upper, and with mercaptoethanol guard electrode exposed part and make the DNA4 structure of being kept upright, can well avoid like this electrode and [Ru (bpy)
2dppz]
2+the physical adsorption that probe exists.The clean gold electrode of processing is immersed in and contains respectively 1 μ mol L
-1dNA4,100mmolL
-1oxalate/100mmolL
-1phosphate buffer soln (pH 5.5) and 1mmolL
-110h in the mixing solutions of TCEP, is then immersed in 1mmolL again
-12h in mercaptoethanol solution, obtains assembling the gold electrode of DNA4 after cleaning.The DNA4 assembling electrode preparing is positioned over respectively in blank solution and 50 μ molL
-1[Ru (bpy)
2dppz]
2+in solution, carrying out electrochemistry (cyclic voltammetry CV, timing coulometry CC) scanning (sweeps speed and is 50mVs
-1), obtain corresponding CV/CC electrical signal (CV is shown in Fig. 6, and CC is shown in Fig. 7).[Ru (bpy) as can see from Figure 6
2dppz]
2+be combined after potential peak with ssDNA at-0.17V, and current value obviously strengthens.Adding [Ru (bpy) as can be seen from Figure 7
2dppz]
2+after probe solution, electric density obviously increases, and charge transfer is accelerated, and this probe of surface is combined with ssDNA.
The present invention proposes a kind of method that detects strand and double-stranded DNA based on Ru complex fluorescent molecular probe.By the synthetic [Ru (bpy) with good aqueous solubility
2(dppz)]
2+probe, utilize its quenching of fluorescence in the aqueous solution, and under ssDNA or dsDNA existence, produce obvious fluorescence phenomenon and detect ssDNA and the dsDNA in water medium, in detection system involved in the present invention, do not contain expensive fluorescence labeling probe, simple to operate, this for detect simultaneously in the application of ssDNA and dsDNA, established certain basis thereby, on the probe of preparation and determination methods ssDNA and dsDNA, there is important actual application value and potential application prospect.
Claims (10)
1. a molecular probe of chemical structural formula I, is characterized in that its method preparation of passing through described in synthetic route II obtains:
1) compound 1 is synthetic: after phenanthroline and Potassium Bromide is dry, join in the fully cooling vitriol oil, fully drip HNO after cooling again
3; Reaction system is heated to 40～50 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then is warmed up to 80～90 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then to 120 ℃ of constant temperature 1 hour, then cool to 80 ℃ of one nights of constant temperature; After cool to room temperature, neutralization reaction system, to pH=6～7, is used CH after decompress filter
2cl
2be extracted to CH
2cl
2approach the colourless thick product of compound 1 that obtains;
2) compound 2 is synthetic: with dissolve with ethanol compound 1, then drip the ethanolic soln of O-Phenylene Diamine; Reflux and within two hours, obtain faint yellow flocks, decompress filter, recrystallization final vacuum is dried and obtains spongy yellow solid is compound 2;
3) compound 3 is synthetic: by N, N '-dimethyl formamide adds ruthenium trichloride and 2, the mixed system of 2 '-dipyridyl, after reflux 4 hours, evaporate most of solvent of gained solution, remaining solution is cooled to after room temperature, then adds acetone and keep 0 ℃ of temperature standing 24 hours, and the solid insoluble of separating out brownish black is the thick product of compound 3;
4) molecular probe of chemical structural formula I is synthetic: the ratio that is 1: 1.1 according to mol ratio by compound 3 and compound 2 adds in ethanol, and reflux under nitrogen protection is until reaction soln becomes red clear solution, cool to room temperature; After steaming most of solvent, add after water boil, then be put in ice-water bath coolingly, separate out insolubles; After filtration, washing, revolves steaming, and recrystallization obtains the probe molecule of chemical structural formula I;
2. the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I according to claim 1, is characterized in that thick product recrystallization in methyl alcohol of described step 1) obtaining yellow solid sterling.
3. the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 1) in the adjusting of product pH and time first use concentrated NaOH solution, the rear Na that uses
2cO
3solution is until without Bubble formation.
4. the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step 3) is by the thick product decompress filter of compound 3 and with twice of the thick product of distilled water wash; Again the thick product of gained is placed on to reflux in the mixing solutions that water and ethanol are volume ratio 1:1 and filters after one hour, then add lithium chloride fully to stir; Ethanol in final evaporation solution, continues to be placed in ice bath cooling again after the remaining aqueous solution is cooling; After standing 24 hours, in solution, separate out black crystals; Filter, vacuum-drying obtains compound 3 sterlings.
5. the preparation method of the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that its method preparation of passing through described in synthetic route II obtains:
1) compound 1 is synthetic: after phenanthroline and Potassium Bromide is dry, join in the fully cooling vitriol oil, fully drip HNO after cooling again
3; Reaction system is heated to 40～50 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then is warmed up to 80～90 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours, then to 120 ℃ of constant temperature 1 hour, then cool to 80 ℃ of one nights of constant temperature; After cool to room temperature, neutralization reaction system, to pH=6～7, is used CH after decompress filter
2cl
2be extracted to CH
2cl
2approach the colourless thick product of compound 1 that obtains;
2) compound 2 is synthetic: with dissolve with ethanol compound 1, then drip the ethanolic soln of O-Phenylene Diamine; Reflux and within two hours, obtain faint yellow flocks, decompress filter, recrystallization final vacuum is dried and obtains spongy yellow solid is compound 2;
3) compound 3 is synthetic: by N, N '-dimethyl formamide adds ruthenium trichloride and 2, the mixed system of 2 '-dipyridyl, after reflux 4 hours, evaporate most of solvent of gained solution, remaining solution is cooled to after room temperature, then adds acetone and keep 0 ℃ of temperature standing 24 hours, and the solid insoluble of separating out brownish black is the thick product of compound 3;
4) molecular probe of chemical structural formula I is synthetic: the ratio that is 1: 1.1 according to mol ratio by compound 3 and compound 2 adds in ethanol, and reflux under nitrogen protection is until reaction soln becomes red clear solution, cool to room temperature; After steaming most of solvent, add after water boil, then be put in ice-water bath coolingly, separate out insolubles; After filtration, washing, revolves steaming, and recrystallization obtains the probe molecule of chemical structural formula I;
6. the preparation method of the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I according to claim 5, is characterized in that thick product recrystallization in methyl alcohol of described step 1) obtaining yellow solid sterling.
7. the preparation method of the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described step 1) in the adjusting of product pH and time first use concentrated NaOH solution, the rear Na that uses
2cO
3solution is until without Bubble formation.
8. the preparation method of the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I according to claim 5, is characterized in that described step 3) is by the thick product decompress filter of compound 3 and with twice of the thick product of distilled water wash; Again the thick product of gained is placed on to reflux in the mixing solutions that water and ethanol are volume ratio 1:1 and filters after one hour, then add lithium chloride fully to stir; Ethanol in final evaporation solution, continues to be placed in ice bath cooling again after the remaining aqueous solution is cooling; After standing 24 hours, in solution, separate out black crystals; Filter, vacuum-drying obtains compound 3 sterlings.
9. the application of the molecular probe of chemical structural formula I claimed in claim 1, the molecular probe that to it is characterized in that chemical structural formula be I and strand and/or double-stranded DNA are dissolved in HCl-Tris damping fluid and are mixed with the aqueous solution, and compound resulting fluorescent probe is for the fluorometric analysis of strand and/or double-stranded DNA.
10. application according to claim 9, is characterized in that described Tris-HCl is slightly acidic or weakly alkaline.
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