CN102589844B - Thermal performance measurement system of solar thermal collector and method - Google Patents
Thermal performance measurement system of solar thermal collector and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102589844B CN102589844B CN201210025353.8A CN201210025353A CN102589844B CN 102589844 B CN102589844 B CN 102589844B CN 201210025353 A CN201210025353 A CN 201210025353A CN 102589844 B CN102589844 B CN 102589844B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thermal performance measurement system of a solar thermal collector and a method. The measurement system consists of the solar thermal collector, a voltage controlled power source, a current transducer, a voltage transducer, a data acquisition unit, a thermocouple, a platinum resistor and a microcomputer. According to the thermal performance measurement system, aiming at the structural characteristic of the existing trench type solar thermal collector, a metal heat absorption tube of the collector is taken as a heater to heat the collector, through applying consistent current and voltage at the two ends, a temperature field which is uniform, stable and dose not have temperature gradient is formed on the heat absorption tube. The thermal performance measurement system and the method adopt a simple principle, have a uniform generated temperature field and a large measurement temperature difference scope, and are easy to realize.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to heat performance of solar heat collector assay method, belong to solar energy thermal-power-generating and solar energy high temperature heat utilization technology detection field.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic develop rapidly, the extensive application of fossil energy has caused serious problem of environmental pollution, and the limited reserves of fossil energy make it by consumption within following several years totally simultaneously.Therefore, regenerative resource is more and more subject to people's attention in recent years.Low-grade solar radiation is changed into high-grade electric energy by solar energy generation technology wherein.Solar electrical energy generation is divided into two types of solar energy power generating and solar energy thermal-power-generatings.Wherein solar energy thermal-power-generating is the sun power that first sunshine is focused into high heat flux by condenser, then with the solar thermal collector being arranged in its focus, the solar absorption of this high heat flux is become to high-temperature steam, pushing turbine running then, generating.Because having higher working temperature and endothermic tube surface selective coating, the endothermic tube in heat collector there is certain emissivity, solar thermal collector also transmits certain heat energy in absorbing high heat flux solar radiant energy in environment, forms the thermal loss of heat collector.The size of this thermal loss and selective coating emissivity has determined the quality of thermal performance of collectors.
In existing heat performance of solar heat collector mensuration system, described in the mensuration system documentation of SANDIA National Laboratory of the U.S., adopt high temperature heat conductive oil heating heat collector to carry out work, the thermal loss that the enthalpy difference that heat collector is imported and exported is heat collector, can meet the mensuration requirement of heat collector thermal behavior, but have following defect:
1. to realize cost high for system, complexity, and profile is huge, heavy;
2. system must be arranged on outdoorly, is difficult to realize stable ambient wind velocity;
3. conduction oil, as heat-transfer working medium, has toxicity, and ingress of air is easy to burning, is easy to decomposition, coking under high temperature, and working temperature is lower than 400 DEG C;
4. hot fluid working pressure is high, and pipe system complexity is measured process operation complexity, needs multiple professionals to coordinate and jointly completes.
The mensuration system of American National regenerative resource laboratory (NREL) and German Aerospace Center (DLR) adopts the multiple electric heating tubes of interpolation as heating source, heat collector to be heated, the thermal loss that the electric power sum of multiple electric heater consumption of endothermic tube inside is heat collector, can meet the mensuration requirement of heat collector thermal behavior, but also have following defect:
1. many well heaters need respectively a set of temperature control system, systematic comparison complexity;
2. many temperature control systems need to all be stabilized in same temperature value by the temperature of its pipeline section of controlling, and the difficulty of realization is larger, and the time that completes operating point measurement needs is long;
Although the temperature sensor 3. adopting is realized and being demarcated, but due to each section of temperature of the inhomogeneous endothermic tube causing of electric heater for heating power skewness on axial and circumferencial direction, temperature sensor position, different from heat absorption tube wall contact tightness degree, cause system measurement resultant error larger;
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide the thermal behavior for solar thermal collector that a kind of finding speed is fast, working temperature is high, simple in structure and measure system and method.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of heat performance of solar heat collector mensuration system comprises solar thermal collector 1, voltage controller power source 4, current transducer 5, voltage transmitter 6, data acquisition unit 7, thermopair 8, platinum resistance 9 and microcomputer 11, solar thermal collector 1 is by endothermic tube 2, glass bushing 3 and corrugated tube 10 form, the output terminal of voltage controller power source 4 is connected to the two ends of endothermic tube 2 by cable, current transducer 5 is serially connected between voltage controller power source 6 and endothermic tube 2, its output signal line is connected on data acquisition unit 7, two input ends of voltage transmitter 6 are connected to the weld of endothermic tube 2 two ends and corrugated tube 10 by signal wire, its output signal line is connected on data acquisition unit 7, thermopair 8 is welded on the inwall of endothermic tube 2, its output signal line is connected on data acquisition unit 7, platinum resistance 9 is placed in environment, be fixed in the environment apart from 1 meter of outside glass bushing 3, its output signal line is connected on data acquisition unit 7, data acquisition unit 7 is connected with microcomputer 11 by signal wire, voltage controller power source 4, for endothermic tube 2 two ends provide burning voltage, utilizes the Joule heating effect of the endothermic tube with even resistance to heat solar thermal collector 1, produces uniform temperature field at endothermic tube 2 wall circumferencial directions with axially, current transducer 5 is measured and is flow through the electric current of endothermic tube 2 and be sent to data acquisition unit 7, voltage transmitter 6 is measured the voltage between two corrugated tubes 10 and endothermic tube 2 welds and is sent to data acquisition unit 7, thermopair 8 is measured the internal face temperature of endothermic tube 2 and is sent to data acquisition unit 7, platinum resistance 9 measures ambient temperature are also sent to data acquisition unit 7, data acquisition unit 7 sends the temperature collecting, electric current, voltage signal to microcomputer 11, microcomputer record, storage temperature, electric current, voltage data.The straight-through type solar energy heat collector that described solar thermal collector 1 is used for trough type solar power generation.
A kind of heat performance of solar heat collector assay method, based on by solar thermal collector, the hardware platform of voltage controller power source, current transducer, voltage transmitter, thermopair, platinum resistance, data acquisition unit and microcomputer composition, comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling solar heat collector thermal behavior is measured system, and solar thermal collector both ends are incubated to parcel;
(2) open voltage controller power source, its output voltage is set as to A volt, to solar thermal collector both ends on-load voltage, the Joule heating effect that utilization has the endothermic tube of even resistance heats solar thermal collector, produces uniform temperature field at endothermic tube wall circumferencial direction with axially;
(3) in continuous 30 minutes, when voltage transmitter measure two corrugated tubes and endothermic tube weld between voltage fluctuation be less than ± 0.05 volt, the current fluctuation that endothermic tube is flow through in current transducer measurement is less than ± and 0.25 ampere, the internal face temperature fluctuation of thermocouple measurement endothermic tube is less than ± and 0.2 DEG C, the environmental temperature fluctuation that platinum resistance records apart from 1 meter of outside glass bushing is less than ± 0.25 DEG C time, be considered as in the situation corresponding to voltage controller power source output A volt, system reaches steady state (SS), now data acquisition unit starts to gather above-mentioned voltage, electric current, internal face temperature and the ambient temperature data of endothermic tube are no less than 45 minutes, and sent to microcomputer,
(4) output voltage of change voltage controller power source, according to the order of step (2) and (3), same solar thermal collector measured, data acquisition unit gathers respectively corresponding to electric current, voltage, endothermic tube internal face temperature and ambient temperature data under the different output voltage operating modes of voltage controller power source, and is stored in microcomputer;
(5) calculate respectively the difference of solar thermal collector unit length thermal loss, endothermic tube internal face temperature and environment temperature under the different output voltage operating modes of voltage controller power source, utilize the method for fitting of a polynomial finally to obtain the poor of the endothermic tube internal face temperature of this solar thermal collector and environment temperature, and correlation between unit length thermal loss; The unit length thermal loss of described solar thermal collector equals the electric power of solar thermal collector consumption divided by solar thermal collector length; The electric power of described solar thermal collector consumption equals the voltage between two corrugated tubes and endothermic tube weld and flows through the product of the electric current of endothermic tube; The length of described solar thermal collector equals the length between two corrugated tubes and endothermic tube weld; Described endothermic tube internal face and circumstance of temperature difference equal endothermic tube internal face temperature and deduct environment temperature.
Beneficial effect:
Heat performance of solar heat collector of the present invention measures that system and method is simple in structure, finding speed fast, low cost of manufacture, assembling, conveniently moving.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the system chart that heat performance of solar heat collector of the present invention is measured system;
Fig. 2 is that the thermal loss of 2 different solar thermal collectors recording of heat performance of solar heat collector mensuration system of the present invention is with difference variation.
Fig. 3 is the inventive method process flow diagram
Embodiment:
Accompanying drawings embodiment is as follows:
Fig. 1 is the system chart that heat performance of solar heat collector of the present invention is measured system, wherein 1 is trough type solar heat-collector, 2 is endothermic tube, and 3 is glass bushing, and 4 is 0-10V DC voltage regulator power supply, 5 is 0-500A current transducer, 6 is 0-10V voltage transmitter, and 7 is 34970A data acquisition unit, and 8 is thermopair, 9 is platinum resistance, and 10 is that corrugated tube, 11 is microcomputer.Native system instrument, instrument, cable etc. all can be bought on market.
Trough type solar heat-collector 1 is made up of endothermic tube 2, glass bushing 3 and corrugated tube 10, endothermic tube 2 for material be uniform 304 stainless pipes of wall thickness; Together with the power supply that DC voltage regulator power supply 4 is exported is connected to endothermic tube 2 two ends by cable, composition heating circuit; The current transducer 5 being serially connected on cable is measured by the current value of endothermic tube 2, and output signal is sent to 01 port of data acquisition unit 34970A; Voltage transmitter 6 connects respectively two ends corrugated tube 10 and endothermic tube 2 welds by two signal wires, and output voltage signal is sent to 02 port of data acquisition unit 34970A; Thermopair 8 is close on the inwall of endothermic tube 2, for measuring the internal face temperature of endothermic tube 2, and output signal is sent to 03 port of data acquisition unit 34970A; Platinum resistance 9 is placed in the environment away from approximately 1 meter of of trough type solar heat-collector 1, for measures ambient temperature, and output signal is sent to 04 port of data acquisition unit 34970A; Data acquisition unit 7 is connected with microcomputer 11 by signal wire, and sends the temperature collecting, electric current, voltage signal to microcomputer 11, microcomputer record, storage temperature, electric current, voltage data.
Before system works, first heat collector both ends are incubated, it is thick that insulation layer thickness is not less than 10cm.Then open system power supply, is adjusted to 3.0 volts by power supply 4 output voltages.In the process heating at endothermic tube 2, want warranty test environment temperature be stabilized in ± 0.25 DEG C in, the voltage detecting, electric current, endothermic tube inner wall temperature, the environment temperature of observed data collecting unit 7 simultaneously, until in 30 minutes voltage fluctuation be less than ± 0.05 volt, current fluctuation is less than ± 0.25 ampere, the fluctuation of endothermic tube inner wall temperature is less than ± 0.2 DEG C, environmental temperature fluctuation is less than ± 0.25 DEG C, it is stable that the system of being considered as reaches, data acquisition unit 7 starts image data, acquisition time is no less than 45 minutes, and sends data to microcomputer 11.The output voltage of voltage controller power source is made as respectively to 3.5,4.0,4.5,5.0,5.5,6.0 volts, corresponding to different output voltages, when after system stability, data acquisition unit 7 starts to gather voltage, electric current, endothermic tube inner wall temperature, ambient temperature data, and acquisition time is no less than 45 minutes.
Test figure obtained above is processed in accordance with the following methods: supposing to collect voltage between two corrugated tubes and endothermic tube weld and be U, current transducer measurement, to flow through the electric current of endothermic tube be that the internal face temperature of I, thermocouple measurement endothermic tube is T
01, the environment temperature that records apart from 1 meter of outside glass bushing of platinum resistance is T
02, solar thermal collector length is L, the thermal loss Q of unit length solar thermal collector is calculated by following formula:
Endothermic tube inwall and circumstance of temperature difference Δ T are calculated by following formula:
ΔT＝T
01-T
02，℃
Calculate respectively the value of one group of Q and the Δ T of every heat collector by above two formula, utilize polynomial fitting method to carry out matching to Q and Δ T and can obtain the function correlation that every solar thermal collector thermal loss Q changes with temperature difference T.Two different solar thermal collector unit length thermal loss Q with the variation relation curve of temperature difference T as shown in Figure 2, can evaluate the relative superior or inferior of heat performance of solar heat collector by the thermal loss size of two heat collectors under the more identical temperature difference: under identical temperature difference condition, the thermal behavior of the larger explanation solar thermal collector of thermal loss is poorer.Thermal loss from Fig. 2 can see with difference variation curve, and under the identical temperature difference, the thermal loss of heat collector 1 is obviously greater than the thermal loss of heat collector 2, and thermal behavior of this explanation heat collector 2 is better than heat collector 1.
For avoiding the maloperation of unrelated person to rapid measuring system, the cipher switch of controlling its switching on and shutting down is set on voltage controller power source 4.
Claims (1)
1. a heat performance of solar heat collector assay method, measure system based on a kind of heat performance of solar heat collector, comprise solar thermal collector (1), voltage controller power source (4), current transducer (5), voltage transmitter (6), data acquisition unit (7), the first thermopair (8), the second thermopair (9) and microcomputer (11), the output terminal of voltage controller power source (4) is connected to the two ends of endothermic tube (2) by cable, current transducer (5) is serially connected between voltage controller power source (4) and endothermic tube (2), two input ends of voltage transmitter (6) are connected to the weld of the middle endothermic tube two ends of solar thermal collector (1) and corrugated tube by signal wire, the first thermopair (8) is welded on the inwall of endothermic tube, the second thermopair (9) is placed in environment, be fixed in the environment apart from 1 meter of outside glass bushing (3), the first thermopair (8), the second thermopair (9), voltage transmitter (6), the output signal line of current transducer (5) is connected on data acquisition unit (7), voltage controller power source (4) provides burning voltage for endothermic tube (2) two ends, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) assembling solar heat collector thermal behavior is measured system, and solar thermal collector (1) both ends are incubated to parcel;
(2) open voltage controller power source (4), its output voltage is set as to A volt, to solar thermal collector (1) both ends on-load voltage, the Joule heating effect that utilization has the endothermic tube (2) of even resistance heats solar thermal collector (1), in endothermic tube (2) wall circumferencial direction and the axial upper uniform temperature field that produces;
(3) in continuous 30 minutes, when voltage transmitter (6) measure two corrugated tubes and endothermic tube (2) weld between voltage fluctuation be less than ± 0.05 volt, current transducer (5) measure the current fluctuation of flowing through endothermic tube (2) be less than ± 0.25 ampere, the first thermopair (8) measure endothermic tube (2) internal face temperature fluctuation be less than ± 0.2 DEG C, the environmental temperature fluctuation that the second thermopair (9) records apart from 1 meter of outside glass bushing is less than ± 0.25 DEG C time, be considered as in the situation corresponding to voltage controller power source (4) output A volt, system reaches steady state (SS), now data acquisition unit (7) starts to gather above-mentioned voltage, electric current, internal face temperature and the ambient temperature data of endothermic tube (2) are no less than 45 minutes, and sent to microcomputer (11),
(4) output voltage of change voltage controller power source (4), according to the order of step (2) and (3), same solar thermal collector measured, data acquisition unit (7) gathers respectively corresponding to electric current, voltage, endothermic tube internal face temperature and ambient temperature data under the different output voltage operating modes of voltage controller power source (4), and is stored in microcomputer (11);
(5) calculate respectively solar thermal collector unit length thermal loss, endothermic tube internal face and the circumstance of temperature difference under the different output voltage operating modes of voltage controller power source (4), utilize the method for fitting of a polynomial finally to obtain function correlation between the endothermic tube internal face of this solar thermal collector and circumstance of temperature difference and unit length thermal loss; The unit length thermal loss of described solar thermal collector equals the electric power of solar thermal collector consumption divided by solar thermal collector length; The electric power of described solar thermal collector consumption equals the voltage between two corrugated tubes and endothermic tube weld and flows through the product of the electric current of endothermic tube; The length of described solar thermal collector equals the length between two corrugated tubes and endothermic tube weld; Described endothermic tube internal face and circumstance of temperature difference equal endothermic tube internal face temperature and deduct environment temperature.
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| CN103528715A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏创兰太阳能空调有限公司 | Solar air conditioner heat loss calculation method |
| CN106918621B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2019-06-18 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of slot type high-temperature heat-collection pipe vacuum life prediction technique and its test macro |
| CN106226633B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2020-01-03 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Heat pipe type insulating sleeve testing device |
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| CN202710284U (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2013-01-30 | 北京工业大学 | Thermal performance measurement system of solar thermal collector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201429509Y (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-03-24 | 山东力诺瑞特新能源有限公司 | Solar thermal collector test system |
| CN202710284U (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2013-01-30 | 北京工业大学 | Thermal performance measurement system of solar thermal collector |
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