CN102588845A - Back lighting device and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Back lighting device and liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102588845A CN102588845A CN201210058173XA CN201210058173A CN102588845A CN 102588845 A CN102588845 A CN 102588845A CN 201210058173X A CN201210058173X A CN 201210058173XA CN 201210058173 A CN201210058173 A CN 201210058173A CN 102588845 A CN102588845 A CN 102588845A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a back lighting device, which comprises a point light source, a rectangular light guide strip and a tabular light guide film. The light guide strip comprises a first light entering surface and a first light exiting surface, linearly polarized light enters from the first light entering surface, and linearly polarized parallel light exits through the first light exiting surface. The light guide film comprises a second light entering surface and a second light exiting surface, the linearly polarized parallel light enters from the second light entering surface and exits through the second light exiting surface. The invention further discloses a liquid crystal display device. The back lighting device is high in light energy utilization rate, light guide uniformity is improved, and the obtained liquid crystal display device is light and thin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid crystal indicator that uses the backlighting arrangement of straight line polarization spot light and use this backlighting arrangement.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of LCD (LCD), its in the FPD field in occupation of consequence further.
Because liquid crystal itself is not luminous; LCD needs backlight module that illumination is provided; Be that the light that sends of light source (LED, cold-cathode tube CCFL etc.) is through light guiding film, diffusion sheet, brightness enhancement film etc.; Be extended to uniform surface light source by spot light or line source, incide liquid crystal layer through polarizing coating, colored filter again.But such backlight module, the utilization ratio of luminous energy are often very low, only about 5%.Wherein light is at the energy that has lost through polarizing coating above 50%.
For reducing the optical energy loss that natural daylight converts polarised light into, polarisation conversion film capable of using (P-S converter) replaces polarizing coating.The effect of polarisation conversion film is to allow the light of a certain polarization direction (polarization film polarization direction) to pass through, simultaneously the polarization by reflection direction light vertical with this direction.The light that is reflected incides the polarisation conversion film once more after no polarization, so repeatedly, can effectively improve the efficiency of light energy utilization.But this method also need utilize achromatic quarter wave plate to realize the conversion of polarization state usually, and too many optical thin film is unfavorable for that LCD's is lightening.
Therefore manage leaded light and polarization function are integrated on the same optical thin film, both can improve the efficiency of light energy utilization of backlight module, do not increase the quantity of film again, have important Research Significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of backlighting arrangement and use the liquid crystal indicator of this backlighting arrangement.The efficiency of light energy utilization of this backlighting arrangement is high, and the liquid crystal indicator that is obtained is frivolous.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that provides of the application embodiment is following:
A kind of backlighting arrangement especially, comprising:
Spot light, the linearly polarized light of ejaculation collimation;
Rectangular-shaped leaded light bar comprises first incidence surface and first exiting surface, and said linearly polarized light is injected and penetrated the linear polarization directional light through first exiting surface from first incidence surface,
Said leaded light bar also comprises first optical element, and this first optical element is accepted the linearly polarized light of propagation in the said leaded light bar, and its at least a portion is penetrated towards the direction with the said first exiting surface approximate vertical;
Flat light-leading film comprises second incidence surface and second exiting surface, and said linear polarization directional light is injected and penetrated the linear polarization directional light through second exiting surface from second incidence surface,
Said light-leading film also comprises second optical element, and this second optical element is accepted the linear polarization directional light of propagation in the said light-leading film, and its at least a portion is penetrated towards the direction with the said second exiting surface approximate vertical.
Preferably, in above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said spot light is a LASER Light Source.
Preferably, in above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said LASER Light Source can penetrate red laser, green laser and blue laser at least.
Preferably, in above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said first optical element is grating group A; The direction of propagation of said grating group A said linearly polarized light in the said leaded light bar intermittently is configured with the spacing of setting; Each grating among the said grating group A makes at least a portion diffraction of said linearly polarized light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with the said first exiting surface approximate vertical.
Preferably; In above-mentioned backlighting arrangement; Each grating among the said grating group A; The direction of edge and the first exiting surface approximate vertical is extended respectively, and the direction of propagation of the light extraction efficiency of said grating from first incidence surface along said linearly polarized light increases gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from first exiting surface is even.
Preferably, in above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said second optical element is grating group B; The direction of propagation of said grating group B said linear polarization directional light in the said light-leading film intermittently is configured with the spacing of setting; Each grating among the said grating group B makes at least a portion diffraction of said linear polarization directional light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with the said second exiting surface approximate vertical.
Preferably; In above-mentioned backlighting arrangement; Each grating among the said grating group B; The direction of edge and the second exiting surface approximate vertical is extended respectively, and the direction of propagation of the light extraction efficiency of said grating from second incidence surface along said linear polarization directional light increases gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from second exiting surface is even.
Preferably, in above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said leaded light bar also comprises the first leaded light substrate, and the said first leaded light substrate is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity.
Preferably, in above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said light-leading film also comprises the second leaded light substrate, and the said second leaded light substrate is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity.
The invention also discloses a kind of liquid crystal indicator, especially, comprise display panels and above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said backlighting arrangement is located at the back side of said display panels so that it is thrown light on.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, improved the optical energy utilization efficiency of LCD backlight module.Line of collimation polarization spot light still has polarization characteristic after leaded light bar and light-leading film expand to uniform surface light source, thereby has cancelled the use of polarization film in the LCD backlight module.
2, improved the leaded light uniformity.The line of collimation spot light at first is extended to the uniform line light source through the leaded light bar in the invention; The uniform line light source is extended to uniform area light source through light-leading film; Be that the collimating point light source becomes uniform area light source through two steps; And each step expansion all only needs to consider the uniformity of a dimension, thereby has effectively simplified the design of leaded light bar and light-leading film outgoing efficient, has improved the leaded light uniformity.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Shown in Figure 1 is the schematic perspective view of backlighting arrangement in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Shown in Figure 2 is the side schematic view of backlighting arrangement among Fig. 1;
Shown in Figure 3 is the vertical view of backlighting arrangement among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 a is depicted as the sketch map that the p ripple is propagated in the specific embodiment of the invention in leaded light bar or light-leading film;
Fig. 4 b is depicted as the sketch map that the s ripple is propagated in the specific embodiment of the invention in leaded light bar or light-leading film;
Fig. 4 c is depicted as the grating vector sketch map of the grating on leaded light bar in the specific embodiment of the invention or the light-leading film;
Fig. 5 a is depicted as the sketch map that leaded light bar in the specific embodiment of the invention or light-leading film are divided into pixel cell;
Fig. 5 b is depicted as the structural representation of grating in the specific embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The object of the invention based on: how to make spot light in converting the area source process to, final emergent light is the retention wire polarization state still; How to make area source have the good homogeneous degree, i.e. the design of leaded light bar and light-leading film outgoing efficient.
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the technical scheme among the application better; To combine the accompanying drawing among the application embodiment below; Technical scheme among the application embodiment is carried out clear, intactly description; Obviously, described embodiment only is the application's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the application, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of backlighting arrangement, comprising: spot light, the linearly polarized light of ejaculation collimation; Rectangular-shaped leaded light bar; Comprise first incidence surface and first exiting surface; Said linearly polarized light is injected and is penetrated the linear polarization directional light through first exiting surface from first incidence surface; Said leaded light bar also comprises first optical element, and this first optical element is accepted the linearly polarized light of propagation in the said leaded light bar, and its at least a portion is penetrated towards the direction with the said first exiting surface approximate vertical; Flat light-leading film; Comprise second incidence surface and second exiting surface; Said linear polarization directional light is injected and is penetrated the linear polarization directional light through second exiting surface from second incidence surface; Said light-leading film also comprises second optical element, and this second optical element is accepted the linear polarization directional light of propagation in the said light-leading film, and its at least a portion is penetrated towards the direction with the said second exiting surface approximate vertical.
The purpose of leaded light bar is line of collimation polarization spot light is extended to the polarized line light source, and light-leading film further is extended to the plane of polarization light source with this polarized line light source.For fear of or reduce the energy that light loses through polarization film the time, the linear polarization that need remain on light in the whole process does not change, so first optical element and second optical element are provided in the embodiment of the invention.
Preferably, spot light is a LASER Light Source.Said LASER Light Source can penetrate red laser, green laser and blue laser at least.LASER Light Source is the light source with fine directionality and polarizability, can penetrate the linearly polarized light of collimation.
Spot light can also be the light source that itself does not have fine directionality and polarizability, LED for example, but become the spot light of collimation polarization through collimation, after rising partially.
Spot light is positioned over suitable position, makes the linearly polarized light of collimation be coupled into the leaded light bar with certain angle, polarization state, is being extended to line source by spot light and is being extended to the linear polarization state of emergent light in the area source process by line source guaranteeing.
Preferably, first optical element is grating group A; The direction of propagation of said grating group A said linearly polarized light in the said leaded light bar intermittently is configured with the spacing of setting; Each grating among the said grating group A makes at least a portion diffraction of said linearly polarized light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with the said first exiting surface approximate vertical.Each grating among the said grating group A; Extend with the direction of the first exiting surface approximate vertical on the edge respectively; The light extraction efficiency of said grating increases along the direction of propagation of said linearly polarized light from first incidence surface gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from first exiting surface is even.
Preferably, second optical element is grating group B; The direction of propagation of said grating group B said linear polarization directional light in the said light-leading film intermittently is configured with the spacing of setting; Each grating among the said grating group B makes at least a portion diffraction of said linear polarization directional light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with the said second exiting surface approximate vertical.Each grating among the said grating group B; Extend with the direction of the second exiting surface approximate vertical on the edge respectively; The light extraction efficiency of said grating increases along the direction of propagation of said linear polarization directional light from second incidence surface gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from second exiting surface is even.
Light extraction efficiency=area is than * diffraction efficiency, and it can realize through the control diffraction efficiency, also can recently obtain the light extraction efficiency wanted through control area.
First optical element and second optical element are optical grating construction, and its grating orientation should be able to guarantee be extended in the line source process emergent light retention wire polarization state by spot light; Its cycle size to fit makes emergent light near leaded light bar exit surface vertical direction; Meet the inhomogeneity requirement of leaded light by the size in the shared zone of optical grating construction, the degree of depth of grating, the outgoing efficient of dutycycle decision.
First optical element and second optical element can also be half-transmitting mirror.
In above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said leaded light bar also comprises the first leaded light substrate, and the said first leaded light substrate is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity.Said light-leading film also comprises the second leaded light substrate, and the said second leaded light substrate is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity.
The first leaded light substrate and the second leaded light substrate are the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity, do not change all the time with the linear polarization of light in the communication process that guarantees light.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of liquid crystal indicator, comprise display panels and above-mentioned backlighting arrangement, said backlighting arrangement is located at the back side of said display panels so that it is thrown light on.
Owing to omitted polarizer, liquid crystal indicator is more frivolous.
In order to further specify technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, describe just to further specifying feature and advantage of the present invention but should be appreciated that these, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
Join shown in Figure 1ly, backlighting arrangement comprises spot light 1, rectangular-shaped leaded light bar 2 and flat light-leading film 3.
Join shown in Figure 3ly, leaded light bar 2 comprises that the first leaded light substrate 21 and first optical element, 22, the first optical elements 22 are formed at the upper surface of the first leaded light substrate 21.
The first leaded light substrate 21 is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity, preferably uses resin material transparent, excellent optical characteristics, preferred especially little acrylic resin and the polyalkenes resin of birefringence.
The first leaded light substrate 21 comprises that first incidence surface 211 and first exiting surface, 212, the first incidence surfaces 211 are positioned at the end of leaded light bar 2, and is perpendicular with first exiting surface 212.The linearly polarized light that spot light 1 penetrates can be injected from first incidence surface 211 with certain angle, and penetrates from first exiting surface 212.
First optical element 22 is a grating, a plurality of described gratings, and the direction of propagation (turning left from the right side among Fig. 3) along the first leaded light substrate, 21 interior linearly polarized lights intermittently is configured with the spacing of setting; Each of said grating makes at least a portion diffraction of said linearly polarized light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with said first exiting surface, 212 approximate vertical.Each of said grating; Extend with the direction of first exiting surface, 212 approximate vertical on the edge respectively; The direction of propagation of the light extraction efficiency of said grating from first incidence surface 211 along said linearly polarized light increases gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from first exiting surface 212 is even.
Join shown in Figure 2ly, light-leading film 3 comprises that the second leaded light substrate 31 and second optical element, 32, the second optical elements 32 are formed at the upper surface of the second leaded light substrate 31.
The second leaded light substrate 31 is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity, preferably uses resin material transparent, excellent optical characteristics, preferred especially little acrylic resin and the polyalkenes resin of birefringence.
The second leaded light substrate 31 comprises that second incidence surface 311 and second exiting surface, 312, the second incidence surfaces 311 are positioned at the end of light-leading film 3, and is perpendicular with second exiting surface 312.Linear polarization directional light from leaded light bar 2 can be injected from second incidence surface 311 with certain angle, and penetrates from second exiting surface 312.
Second optical element 32 is a grating, and a plurality of described gratings along the direction of propagation of the second leaded light substrate, 31 interior lines polarization parallel light (among Fig. 2 from left to right), intermittently are configured with the spacing of setting; Each of said grating makes at least a portion diffraction of said linear polarization directional light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with said second exiting surface, 312 approximate vertical.Each of said grating; Extend with the direction of second exiting surface, 312 approximate vertical on the edge respectively; The direction of propagation of the light extraction efficiency of said grating from second incidence surface 311 along said linear polarization directional light increases gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from second exiting surface 312 is even.
Below the principle to backlighting arrangement in the above-mentioned specific embodiment describes.
The maintenance of polarizability: spot light is extended to line source and is extended in the area source process by line source; Linearly polarized light has experienced following physical process: linearly polarized light is in the upper and lower surfaces generation total reflection of the first leaded light substrate 21 of leaded light bar 2; And by first optical element, 22 diffraction; Linearly polarized light gets into light-leading film 3 from leaded light bar 2 back of coming out, then in the upper and lower surfaces generation total reflection of the second leaded light substrate 31 of light-leading film 3, and by second optical element, 32 diffraction.
Angle (the α of light incident leaded light bar 2 and light-leading film 3
1, α
2) be coupled into the angle (θ in the transparent substrates (21,31) with light
1, θ
2) satisfy the law of refraction, and total reflection takes place in light in transparent substrates, promptly should satisfy total reflection condition.In addition, should be near its exit surface vertical direction from the light of leaded light bar 2 and light-leading film 3 outgoing.Therefore, the cycle of leaded light bar 2 and light-leading film 3 surface gratings can be determined by grating equation according to above analysis.Consider that spot light is being extended to line source and line source when being extended to area source; The linear polarization state that should keep emergent light; So light should be with certain polarization state incident leaded light bar 2 and light-leading film 3; To guarantee that light is p ripple or s ripple when transparent substrates (21,31) the upper and lower surfaces generation total reflection, the grating vector of substrate surface optical grating construction (22,32) should be in the plane of incidence of light simultaneously.
For total reflection, because the bit phase delay amount of p ripple and s ripple is different, linearly polarized light becomes elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light usually after total reflection, and only when incident light was p ripple or s ripple, it was constant to reflect the original polarization state of luminous energy maintenance.Therefore, the linearly polarized light that sends of spot light 1 should be coupled into the leaded light bar with specific incident angle, polarization direction.
Ginseng Fig. 4 a, total reflection takes place in light in the first leaded light substrate 21 or the second leaded light substrate 31, and when incident light was the p ripple, total reflection did not change polarization state of light, and reverberation still is the p ripple.
Ginseng Fig. 4 b, total reflection takes place in light in the first leaded light substrate 21 or the second leaded light substrate 31, and when incident light was the s ripple, total reflection did not change polarization state of light, and reverberation still is the s ripple.
Destroy total reflection condition at diffraction grating, light should make grating vector (being grating fringe vertical incidence face) in the plane of incidence from leaded light bar and light-leading film surface outgoing process, could guarantee that the linear polarization state of light is constant.
Ginseng Fig. 4 c, for guaranteeing the linear polarization state of emergent light, the grating vector of first optical element 22 and second optical element 32 is in plane of light incidence, and wherein, grating vector is at the x direction of principal axis, and incident ray is in the xz face.
The design of outgoing efficient: along with the increase from light source distance, leaded light bar 2 reduces with light-leading film 3 interior luminous energy, for obtaining uniform line source and area source, needs to increase outgoing efficient.For this reason, can leaded light bar 2 and light-leading film 3 be divided into several enough little pixel cells, the area of each pixel cell is S
p, it is S that area is arranged in the pixel cell
gThe zone on have optical grating construction, shown in Fig. 5 a.If grating diffration efficient is e
g, the light extraction efficiency at then a certain pixel cell place is η=S
ge
g/ S
pAnd factor such as the material of grating diffration efficient and grating, dutycycle f, degree of depth h is relevant, like Fig. 5 b.Therefore, can calculate the outgoing efficient of each pixel, obtain the outgoing efficient of needs through the area that changes grating region, material, dutycycle and the degree of depth of grating according to inhomogeneity requirement.
In sum, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, improved the optical energy utilization efficiency of LCD backlight module.Line of collimation polarization spot light still has polarization characteristic after leaded light bar and light-leading film expand to uniform surface light source, thereby has cancelled the use of polarization film in the LCD backlight module.In the prior art, polarization film can filter and surpass 50% luminous energy, and therefore invention has effectively improved the efficiency of light energy utilization.
2, improved the leaded light uniformity.The line of collimation spot light at first is extended to uniform line light source (linear polarization directional light) through the leaded light bar in the invention; The uniform line light source is extended to uniform area light source through light-leading film; Be that the collimating point light source becomes uniform area light source through two steps; And each step expansion all only needs to consider the uniformity of a dimension, thereby has effectively simplified the design of leaded light bar and light-leading film outgoing efficient, has improved the leaded light uniformity.
At last; Also need to prove; In this article; Relational terms such as first and second grades only is used for an entity or operation are made a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily requires or hint relation or the order that has any this reality between these entities or the operation.And; Term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability; Thereby make and comprise that process, method, article or the equipment of a series of key elements not only comprise those key elements; But also comprise other key elements of clearly not listing, or also be included as this process, method, article or equipment intrinsic key element.Under the situation that do not having much more more restrictions, the key element that limits by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the equipment that comprises said key element and also have other identical element.
Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although the present invention is specified with reference to preferred embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; Can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from the spirit and the scope of technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a backlighting arrangement is characterized in that, comprising:
Spot light, the linearly polarized light of ejaculation collimation;
Rectangular-shaped leaded light bar comprises first incidence surface and first exiting surface, and said linearly polarized light is injected and penetrated the linear polarization directional light through first exiting surface from first incidence surface,
Said leaded light bar also comprises first optical element, and this first optical element is accepted the linearly polarized light of propagation in the said leaded light bar, and its at least a portion is penetrated towards the direction with the said first exiting surface approximate vertical;
Flat light-leading film comprises second incidence surface and second exiting surface, and said linear polarization directional light is injected and penetrated the linear polarization directional light through second exiting surface from second incidence surface,
Said light-leading film also comprises second optical element, and this second optical element is accepted the linear polarization directional light of propagation in the said light-leading film, and its at least a portion is penetrated towards the direction with the said second exiting surface approximate vertical.
2. backlighting arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said spot light is a LASER Light Source.
3. backlighting arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said LASER Light Source can penetrate red laser, green laser and blue laser at least.
4. according to any described backlighting arrangement of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: said first optical element is grating group A; The direction of propagation of said grating group A said linearly polarized light in the said leaded light bar intermittently is configured with the spacing of setting; Each grating among the said grating group A makes at least a portion diffraction of said linearly polarized light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with the said first exiting surface approximate vertical.
5. backlighting arrangement according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: each grating among the said grating group A; Extend with the direction of the first exiting surface approximate vertical on the edge respectively; Said light extraction efficiency increases along the direction of propagation of said linearly polarized light from first incidence surface gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from first exiting surface is even.
6. according to any described backlighting arrangement of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: said second optical element is grating group B; The direction of propagation of said grating group B said linear polarization directional light in the said light-leading film intermittently is configured with the spacing of setting; Each grating among the said grating group B makes at least a portion diffraction of said linear polarization directional light respectively, and penetrates to the direction with the said second exiting surface approximate vertical.
7. backlighting arrangement according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: each grating among the said grating group B; Extend with the direction of the second exiting surface approximate vertical on the edge respectively; The light extraction efficiency of said grating increases along the direction of propagation of said linear polarization directional light from second incidence surface gradually, so that the brightness of the light that penetrates from second exiting surface is even.
8. backlighting arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said leaded light bar also comprises the first leaded light substrate, and the said first leaded light substrate is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity.
9. backlighting arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said light-leading film also comprises the second leaded light substrate, and the said second leaded light substrate is the transparent light guide substrate of no optical activity.
10. a liquid crystal indicator is characterized in that, comprises the described backlighting arrangement of display panels and claim 1, and said backlighting arrangement is located at the back side of said display panels so that it is thrown light on.
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| CN105717705A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
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| CN107924063A (en) * | 2015-09-05 | 2018-04-17 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Two-way collimater |
| TWI626482B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-06-11 | Ｌｇ顯示器股份有限公司 | Viewing angle switchable back light unit |
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| WO2020238768A1 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel, display apparatus and control method therefor |
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| CN107924063B (en) * | 2015-09-05 | 2021-01-15 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Two-way collimator |
| CN107924063A (en) * | 2015-09-05 | 2018-04-17 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Two-way collimater |
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