CN102584494A - Preparation method for in-situ coated controlled-release fertilizer urea slow-release particle fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method for in-situ coated controlled-release fertilizer urea slow-release particle fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102584494A CN102584494A CN2012100271201A CN201210027120A CN102584494A CN 102584494 A CN102584494 A CN 102584494A CN 2012100271201 A CN2012100271201 A CN 2012100271201A CN 201210027120 A CN201210027120 A CN 201210027120A CN 102584494 A CN102584494 A CN 102584494A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for an in-situ coated controlled-release fertilizer urea slow-release particle fertilizer, which comprises the steps of arranging particle urea in a fluidized bed coating machine, switching on a power supply to enable the particle urea to be in a fluidized state, and then opening a heating switch to lead the particle urea to be in air of 80 DEG C to 110 DEG C; spraying a formaldehyde solution with potential of hydrogen (pH) of 1 to 5 and mass concentration of 20-37% through a spray gun on the surface of the particle urea to form first even films; and spraying a mixed solution between formaldehyde and the urea through the spray gun continuously on the surface of the urea to form even coatings, and achieving the urea slow-release particle fertilizer. The preparation method uses in-situ reaction between the formaldehyde and the surface of the particle urea to form films to prepare the coated slow-release fertilizer, thereby having the advantages of being simple in process and low in price. The mixed solution of the formaldehyde and the urea is used as a coating agent so as to enable the mixed solution to perform in-situ reaction on the surface on the particle urea to prepare the coated slow-release fertilizer. Slow-release fertilizers with different slow-release periods can be prepared according to thickness of films.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fertilizer manufacturing, be specifically related to the fertile preparation method of a kind of film-coated controlled release fertilizer slow released urea particle.
Background technology
Along with the raising of labor cost, how to reduce fertilizer application frequency, reduce the eagroforestry production cost, develop efficient, free of contamination new-type fertilizer, improving utilization rate of fertilizer is the top priority of fertilizer scientific and technical innovation.
Film-coated controlled release fertilizer is can control the film that nutrient discharges through wrapping one deck for the readily avaiable fertilizer particle as a kind of main novel sustained-controll-release fertiliser, reaches control or delays the purpose that nutrient discharges.Its mechanism is that soil moisture gets into from fenestra, dissolves a part of nutrient, discharges through fenestra then.When temperature raise, release rate was just accelerated, this moment crop just in time long also than comparatively fast, need nutrient also more, when temperature reduced, plant-growth slowed down or dormancy, release and release control fertilizer also just discharges slack-off or stops release.On the other hand; Crop absorbs nutrient for a long time; The fertile film of controlled release outside density loss is also fast, causes the inside and outside concentration gradient of film to increase, and the fertile rate of release of controlled release is also just accelerated; Thereby make nutrient release mode and crop consistent, make nutritive element give play to maximum fertilizer efficiency or improve its utilization ratio the nutrient demand rule.
At present the slow release fertilizer research emphasis is: mould material economy and extensively be easy to get, technology is simple, be fit to the requirement of modern agriculture etc., the patent of having applied for at present comprises: being main raw, being the coating system (Chinese patent: 01133415.0) of solvent with ethanol and toluene etc. with vinyl resin and Mierocrystalline cellulose of calendar year 2001 Shenyang Inst. of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences's application; Shandong Agricultural University had applied for to reclaim the patent (Chinese patent: 200410035783.3) that waste thermoplastic resin is dissolved in zellon and methylene dichloride coating liquid system in 2004; Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute invention in 2005 is dissolved in terebinthine coated fertilizer system (Chinese patent: 200510000039.4) to reclaim macromolecular material.These patents have increased the mould material of some production slow release fertilizers, but still exist cost height, complex manufacturing, the quality of production to be difficult to control, have limited the development of scale prodn.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: prepare that a kind of cost is low, production technique is simple, can effectively control the coated slow release fertilizer that fertilizer nutrient discharges.To achieve these goals, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
(1) granular urea is put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 80～110 ℃ the air atmosphere;
(2) with modulated good pH value be 1～5, mass concentration is that 20～37% formaldehyde solution is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms the first layer uniform films to the granular urea surface;
(3) (the pH value is 2～6 with the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea; The mass concentration in mixing solutions of formaldehyde is 20～37%; The molar mass ratio of formaldehyde and urea is 1～2:1) to continue to be sprayed at step (2) granular urea surface through spray gun; Form second layer uniform films to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
The particle diameter of described granular urea is 3～7 millimeters.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) the present invention utilizes formaldehyde and granular urea surface to carry out reaction in to become the membrane prepare film-coated and slow release fertilizer, and it is simple to have technology, cheap advantage;
(2) the present invention adopts formaldehyde and two kinds of monomeric mixing solutionss of urea as the coating agent, makes it at granular urea surface in situ prepared in reaction film-coated and slow release fertilizer, can prepare the slow-release fertilizer of different slow-release periods well according to the thickness of film.
Four, embodiment
Through embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is done further bright specifically below.
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 3～5 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 95～100 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 2, mass concentration is that 28% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms the first layer uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 3 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.3:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 3～5 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 85～90 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 3.5, mass concentration is that 25% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms the first layer uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 3 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.3:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 4～6 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 87～92 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 2.5, mass concentration is that 25% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms the first layer uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 3.5 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.7:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 3～5 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 92～97 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 2, mass concentration is that 27% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms the uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 5 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.8:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 3～5 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 100～105 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 4.5, mass concentration is that 30% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms one deck uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 5 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.6:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 5～7 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 100～105 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 3.5, mass concentration is that 30% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms one deck uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 3.5 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.7:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 7
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 5～7 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 90～95 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 4, mass concentration is that 25% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms one deck uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 5 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.6:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 8
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 3～5 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 90～95 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 3.5, mass concentration is that 30% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms one deck uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 5.5 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.8:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 9
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 3～5 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 80～85 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 2.5, mass concentration is that 25% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms one deck uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 3 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.5:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment 10
Take by weighing 5 kilograms of granular ureas (particle diameter is 3～5 millimeters) and put into fluidized-bed coating machine, power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 95～100 ℃ the air atmosphere; With modulated good pH value be 2, mass concentration is that 27% formaldehyde solution constantly is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms one deck uniform films to the granular urea surface; (the pH value is 3.5 to change formaldehyde solution the mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea into; Formaldehyde is 1.3:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea) continue to be sprayed at step granular urea surface through spray gun; Form the uniform film of different thickness to the granular urea surface, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer.
Except that the foregoing description, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the fertile preparation method of an original position film-coated controlled release fertilizer slow released urea particle is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Granular urea is put into fluidized-bed coating machine, and power-on makes granular urea be in fluidized state, then opens heater switch, and granular urea is in 80～110 ℃ the air atmosphere;
With modulated good pH value be 1～5, mass concentration is that 20～37% formaldehyde solution is sprayed at the granular urea surface through spray gun, forms the first layer uniform films to the granular urea surface;
The mixing solutions of formaldehyde and urea is continued to be sprayed at step (2) granular urea surface through spray gun, form the even coating of the second layer, promptly get the slow released urea granulated fertilizer to the granular urea surface.
2. the fertile preparation method of a kind of original position film-coated controlled release fertilizer slow released urea particle according to claim 1, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that described granular urea is 3～7 millimeters.
3. the fertile preparation method of a kind of original position film-coated controlled release fertilizer slow released urea particle according to claim 1; The mixing solutions that it is characterized in that described formaldehyde and urea; Mixing solutions pH value is 2～6; The formaldehyde mass concentration is 20～37% in the mixing solutions, and formaldehyde is 1～2:1 with the molar mass ratio of urea.
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| CN2012100271201A CN102584494A (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2012-02-08 | Preparation method for in-situ coated controlled-release fertilizer urea slow-release particle fertilizer |
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| CN2012100271201A CN102584494A (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2012-02-08 | Preparation method for in-situ coated controlled-release fertilizer urea slow-release particle fertilizer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103773084A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 福建师范大学 | Preparation method for synthesizing sheet-type cladding material by fluidized bed gas-phase method |
| CN104496566A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-04-08 | 安徽释乐补控释肥有限公司 | Large granule urea surface remodeling method |
| US20160221887A1 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-04 | Shandong Moith Ecological Fertilizer Co., Ltd. | Method for Remodelling Surface of Granular Urea |
| CN111517857A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 刘会英 | High-tower continuous cropping-preventing urea-based fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| US3214259A (en) * | 1962-12-06 | 1965-10-26 | Allied Chem | Method of producing free-flowing fertilizer |
| CN1569769A (en) * | 2003-07-21 | 2005-01-26 | 南京大学 | Coated slow-release urea and its preparation method |
| CN1880286A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-20 | 上海化工研究院 | Complex fertilizer production method without drying process |
| CN101475414A (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2009-07-08 | 上海化工研究院 | Production method of tower type prilling slow release fertilizer |
| CN101857513A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-10-13 | 上海化工研究院 | Method for preparing long-acting slow-release compound fertilizers by one-step pulp spraying granulation |
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2012
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| US3214259A (en) * | 1962-12-06 | 1965-10-26 | Allied Chem | Method of producing free-flowing fertilizer |
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| CN1880286A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-20 | 上海化工研究院 | Complex fertilizer production method without drying process |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103773084A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 福建师范大学 | Preparation method for synthesizing sheet-type cladding material by fluidized bed gas-phase method |
| CN103773084B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 福建师范大学 | Preparation method for synthesizing sheet-type cladding material by fluidized bed gas-phase method |
| CN104496566A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-04-08 | 安徽释乐补控释肥有限公司 | Large granule urea surface remodeling method |
| CN104496566B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-05-31 | 山东茂施生态肥料有限公司 | A kind of granular urea resurfacing method |
| US20160221887A1 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-04 | Shandong Moith Ecological Fertilizer Co., Ltd. | Method for Remodelling Surface of Granular Urea |
| CN111517857A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 刘会英 | High-tower continuous cropping-preventing urea-based fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |