CN102575648B - Electricity generation system - Google Patents

Electricity generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102575648B
CN102575648B CN201080046256.6A CN201080046256A CN102575648B CN 102575648 B CN102575648 B CN 102575648B CN 201080046256 A CN201080046256 A CN 201080046256A CN 102575648 B CN102575648 B CN 102575648B
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magnetic field
conductor
transfer medium
heat transfer
electricity generation
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CN102575648A (en
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冈崎徹
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Priority to CN201610930564.4A priority Critical patent/CN106907297A/en
Priority claimed from PCT/JP2010/065745 external-priority patent/WO2011045999A1/en
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Abstract

Providing a kind of electricity generation system utilizing wind-force, this electricity generation system is prone to maintenance, and is constructed so that the nacelle being arranged on pylon top is the lightest and the handiest.Electricity generation system (W) is provided with windmill (10), the electric conductor (20) rotated along with windmill (10), heat transfer medium container (30), magnetic field generator (40), thermophore (50) and Power Generation Section (60).Windmill (10) is installed to the nacelle (102) being arranged on pylon (101) top, and electric conductor (20), heat transfer medium container (30) and magnetic field generator (40) are contained in nacelle (102).Thermophore (50) and Power Generation Section (60) are arranged in the building (103) being built in pylon (101) bottom (base portion).Electric conductor (20) is inductively heated produced heat is transferred in the water in heat transfer medium container (30) by rotating in by magnetic field produced by magnetic field generator (40), to produce steam, this steam is supplied to steam turbine (61), to drive electromotor (62) to generate electricity.

Description

Electricity generation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity generation system, this electricity generation system utilize wind-force to make conductor rotate, and to rotated conductors Apply magnetic field, to add heat conductor by sensing heating, thus heat heat transfer medium, and the heat of heat transfer medium is converted into Electric energy, thus generate electricity.
Background technology
In recent years, it is contemplated that greenhouse gases reduces discharging, hence with the such energy capable of circulation of such as wind-force and sunlight The electricity generation system in source is attracted attention by the public.
Such as, non-patent literature 1-3 describes the technology about wind-power electricity generation.Wind-power electricity generation makes windmill revolve by wind-force Turn, to drive electrical power generators.In other words, wind-power electricity generation converts wind energy into rotational, and refines rotational for electric energy. The common structure of wind generator system is: the top of pylon is provided with nacelle, and this nacelle has the horizontal axis windmill being attached thereto (rotary shaft of windmill is typically parallel to wind direction).Accommodating speed increasing gear in described nacelle, this speed increasing gear accelerates and output wind The rotating speed of axletree;Described nacelle also accommodates by the defeated electromotor driven of speed increasing gear.Described speed increasing gear improves wind The rotating speed of car and the ratio (such as 1: 100) of the rotating speed of electromotor, and wherein it is assembled with gear-box.
Recently, in order to reduce cost of electricity-generating, industry is increasingly prone to increase the size of windmill (or wind generator system), and And in actual applications, the diameter of the windmill of the wind generator system of 5MW is up to 120m or bigger.Such large-scale wind generating System scale is huge, and load is the hugest, and the most in many cases, due to reasons in structure, this large-scale wind powered generation syst is built At sea.
Additionally, wind-power electricity generation provides different generatings to export (or producing different generated energy) along with wind-force change, because of This, wind generator system is additionally provided with accumulating system, to store the electric energy of instability in accumulator, with stable output.
On the other hand, such as non-patent literature 4 describes the technology about solar thermal energy generating.Solar thermal energy generation technology Collect solar heat, and solar heat is become heat energy, and then utilize heat energy to produce steam, so that turbine rotates, thus drive Dynamic electrical power generators.In other words, solar thermal energy generation technology converts solar energy into heat energy, and refines heat energy for electric energy. The actual solar thermal energy electricity generation system come into operation is such as tower system.Described tower system by sunlight collection to being arranged on The solar collector on pylon top, and utilize the heat of sunlight to produce steam, steam and then be transported to be arranged on The turbine of pylon bottom, to drive electrical power generators (seeing non-patent literature 4, Fig. 3).
The output of solar thermal energy generating changes also with the change of weather, time etc., therefore to stable electric generation, too Being provided with in sun heat energy power-generating system can accumulation of heat and can extract the hold over system of generating institute calorific requirement in thermophore.
Reference listing
Non-patent literature
NPL 1: " wind-power electricity generation (01-05-01-05) " [online] atomic energy encyclopedia ATOMICA, [search date: On October 13rd, 2009], network address:
<URL:http: //www.rist.or.jp/atomica/>
NPL 2: " 2000-kW large-scale wind powered generation syst SUBARU80/2.0 type ", [online], Fuji Heavy Industries strain formula meeting Society's [search date: on October 13rd, 2009], network address:
<uRL:http://www.subaru-windturbine.jp/home/index.html>
NPL 3: " wind-force lecture ", [online], Mitsubishi Heavy Industry Ltd., [search date: on October 13rd, 2009], Network address:
<URL:http: //www.mhi.co jp/products/expand/wind_kouza_0101.html>
NPL 4: " solar thermal energy electricity generation system (01-05-01-02) " [online] atomic energy encyclopedia ATOMICA, [search The rope date: on October 13rd, 2009], network address:
<URL:http: //www.rist.or.jp/atomica/>
NPL 5: " superconductivity changes method again ", [online], industry heating [search date: on October 13rd, 2009], network address:
< URL:http: //www.industrialheating.com/Articles/Feature_Article/BNP_ GUID_9-5-2006_A_10000000000000416320>
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
Wind generator system is provided with accumulating system, and accumulating system needs the assemblies such as such as transducer, by electric energy Store to accumulator, therefore cause system structure complicated, and add electrical power consumed.Additionally, large-scale wind powered generation syst needs are right Should be in the large-capacity battery of produced electric flux, thus resulting in whole system cost increases.
On the other hand, solar thermal energy electricity generation system is provided with hold over system, and this hold over system is simpler than accumulating system, and Thermophore is also cheap than accumulator.But, as long as there being wind, even if wind-power electricity generation also can generate electricity at night, and solar thermal energy generating Then cannot generate electricity at night.Therefore, the latter needs large-scale thermophore to come in continuation power supply at night.
Additionally, when wind generator system breaks down, fault often owing to speed increasing gear, be more specifically gear Case breaks down.If gear-box existing defects, the most under normal circumstances can be by utilizing another gear-box this gear-box more sliding Solve this defect.But, if nacelle is arranged on the top of pylon, then need substantial amounts of time and efforts to mount and dismount Gear-box.Therefore, there is also at present and be not required to the gearless variable speed model electricity generation system of speed increasing gear.
But, in gearless type electricity generation system, electromotor has more multi-pole (or multipolar generator), works as gearless type When electricity generation system is compared with the electricity generation system using speed increasing gear, size and the weight of the electromotor that the former is used are the biggest. Especially, the weight of the electromotor of the large-scale wind powered generation syst of 5MW level, more than 300 tons (300000kg), is therefore difficult to this Plant large-scale wind powered generation syst to be arranged in nacelle.
The present invention is directed to case above and make.It is an object of the present invention to provide the electricity generation system utilizing wind energy, and It is easy to maintenance, and this electricity generation system is excellent in maintainability, and can reduce the nacelle being arranged on pylon top Size and weight.
Solution
This electricity generation system includes: windmill;Conductor, this conductor rotates along with the rotation of described windmill;Magnetic field generator, institute State magnetic field generator and produce the magnetic field through conductor;Heat transfer medium, this heat transfer medium exists from the heat of described conductor, described conductor Magnetic field rotates, the most sensed is heated;And generator unit, the heat of heat transfer medium is converted into electric energy by this generator unit.
This electricity generation system converts wind energy into rotational, is then converted into heat energy, and is electric energy by heat energy refinement, and this Inventing described electricity generation system is unconventional new power generating system.This electricity generation system has a following effect: (1) its utilize wind energy, Therefore, it is possible to night generate electricity, and if its be provided with thermophore, then the size of this thermophore is than solar thermal energy electricity generation system Set thermophore smaller;(2) it utilizes the rotational of windmill to produce heat, and uses this heat to send out Electricity.This is no need for arranging accumulating system;And (3) its can save speed increasing gear, therefore avoid the event that gear-box is caused Barrier.
It addition, rotational may produce frictional heat.But in the case, the assembly producing frictional heat in use can Impaired, it is therefore necessary to change assembly etc. termly, this is unfavorable for maintenance.On the contrary, the present invention use rotational to make conductor rotate, And producing heat by sensing heating, therefore for maintenance angle, ratio frictionally heats advantageously.
In one embodiment, this electricity generation system includes: pylon, and this pylon extends to the position higher than generator unit;With And nacelle, this nacelle is arranged on the top of pylon, and is provided with windmill, conductor and magnetic field generator.This external enforcement In example, this electricity generation system includes: heat transfer medium container, and this heat transfer medium container is arranged in nacelle, and described heat transfer medium Container accommodates the heat transfer medium receiving heat from described conductor;And conveying pipe, this conveying pipe is by heat transfer medium container The heat of heat transfer medium be transported to generator unit.
The windmill being installed to be arranged at the nacelle on pylon top allows sky eminence wind speed faster wind energy is used. Additionally, the conveying pipe that heat transfer medium is supplied to be arranged on the generator unit of pylon bottom (or base portion) can be such as without arranging There is the nacelle of generator unit, and allow the nacelle being arranged on pylon top to realize miniaturization and lightweight.
Additionally, this electricity generation system under particular form can be to include following form:
Generator unit has turbine and electromotor, and turbine is rotated by the heat of heat transfer medium, and electromotor is by turbine drive;
Being provided with thermophore, this thermophore stores the heat of heat transfer medium;
A part for conductor is provided with magnetisable material;
Magnetic field generator has the coil producing magnetic field, and especially, described coil is superconducting coil;And
Magnetic field generator produces rotating excitation field, and the direction of rotation of this rotating excitation field is contrary with the direction of rotation of conductor.
Advantageous effects
This electricity generation system has a following effect: (1) its utilize wind energy, therefore, it is possible to generate electricity at night, and if its set It is equipped with thermophore, then smaller than the thermophore set by solar thermal energy electricity generation system of the size of this thermophore;(2) its profit Produce heat with the rotational of windmill, and use this heat to generate electricity.This is no need for arranging accumulating system;And (3) its Speed increasing gear can be saved, therefore avoid the fault that gear-box is caused.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1 shows the example of the wind generator system according to the present invention;
Schematic diagram shown in Fig. 2 shows the example of the magnetic field generator with superconducting coil;
Fig. 3 (A) is used for illustrating: when two magnets are relatively arranged and have been arranged between conductor, how magnetic flux flows It is dynamic, and Fig. 3 (B) is used for illustrating: when four magnets are arranged equably along the circumference of conductor and its magnetic pole is alternately arranged, How magnetic flux flows.
Detailed description of the invention
Invention in embodiment be will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the following drawing now.It should be noted that in the drawings, identical group Part is with identical symbology.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 shows electricity generation system W, and this electricity generation system includes: windmill 10, conductor 20, heat transfer medium container 30, magnetic field are sent out Raw device 40, thermophore 50 and generator unit 60.Windmill 10 is connected to be arranged at the nacelle 102 on pylon 101 top, and conductor 20, heat transfer medium container 30 and magnetic field generator 40 are contained in nacelle 102.Additionally, thermophore 50 and generator unit 60 are arranged In the building 103 being built in pylon 101 bottom (or base portion).The structure of electricity generation system W will in greater detail below Explanation.
Windmill 10 is configured with horizontal-extending rotary shaft 15 and is radially connected to three blades 11 of rotary shaft 15.For defeated Go out power more than 5MW wind generator system, its a diameter of 120m or bigger, rotating speed approximates 10-20 rev/min.
Conductor 20 is directly connected to rotary shaft 15, and rotates along with the rotation of windmill 10.Conductor 20 is by such material Material is formed: when described material rotates in magnetic field and produces vortex flow, described material can be inductively heated, and conductor 20 can Formed by the most such as metal such as aluminum, copper, ferrum.If conductor 20 is formed by aluminum, then can alleviate weight.If conductor 20 by ferrum or Similar magnetisable material is formed, then allow to increase magnetic flux close, thus allows to increase vortex flow (or heat energy).Therefore, described Conductor can have the part arranging magnetisable material, and the center of such as column (tubular) conductor (such as, aluminum) can have It is provided with magnetisable material (such as, ferrum).
Additionally, conductor 20 can be column cylindric, cylindric, polygonal, polygonal tubular or similar difformity.
Heat transfer medium container 30 is configured with conductor 20, and also accommodates heat transfer medium, lead from heated to receive The heat of body 20.Heat transfer medium can the most such as water, oil, the such liquid of fused salt.Here will be situated between as heat transfer to using water The example of matter illustrates.
The structure of magnetic field generator 40 is: having paired magnet 41 and 42, described paired magnet is relatively arranged, and conductor 20 are placed between described paired conductor.Here, magnet 41 and 42 is implemented as permanent magnet, and produces D.C. magnetic field, this direct current Magnetic field allows magnetic flux to flow to magnet 42 (seeing Fig. 3 (A)) from magnet 41.Magnetic field generator 40 can not be permanent magnet, but Can use common conductive coil or superconducting coil or similar, be stimulated after produce other coil in magnetic field.
In electricity generation system W, run magnetic field generator 40 and produce magnetic field, and conductor 20 is rotated in magnetic field, Thus be heated by sensing, the water (or heat transfer medium) that the heat of conductor is transferred in heat transfer medium container 30, to generate High temperature and high pressure steam.Produced steam is delivered to thermophore 50 by conveying pipe 51, and this conveying pipe couples heat transfer medium Container 30 and thermophore 50.
Thermophore 50 receives steam and the heat of storage steam by conveying pipe 51, and also supplies to generator unit 60 Steam needed for generating.
Generator unit 60 is combined by steam turbine 61 and electromotor 62 and constitutes, and uses the steam supplied from thermophore 50 So that steam turbine 61 rotates, thus electromotor 62 is driven to generate electricity.
Thermophore 50 and generator unit 60 can utilize solar thermal energy generation technology.Thermophore 50 can be e.g.: steam Accumulator, is in the water vapour under pressure state for accumulation;Or use the sensible heat type thermophore of fused salt, oil etc.;Or Utilize the latent heat storage device of the phase transformation of the fused salt with fusing point.Latent heat type heat energy-storage system is according to the phase alternating temperature of heat-storing material Degree accumulates heat, and therefore compared with sensible heat type thermophore, its regenerator temperature scope is narrower, and thermal storage density is bigger.Additionally, store Hot device 50 can be provided with heat exchanger, and the heat being stored in thermophore 50 can be used to use heat exchanger to produce needs Steam for generating.
It is transported to the steam of thermophore 50 by heat storage in thermophore 50, or makes turbine 61 rotate, afterwards by steaming Vapour condenser 71 cools down, thus is condensed into water.Subsequently, water is transported to pump 72, to become water under high pressure, described water under high pressure and then It is delivered to heat transfer medium container 30 by feed pipe 73, thus is circulated.
The specification of electricity generation system of the present invention will be discussed now.Here, it is assumed that provide the output generating more than 5MW System.Specifically, the conductor with following size is carried out tentative calculation: when conductor rotates with the rotating speed of 15 revs/min, need institute State conductor and produce the heat energy of 7.2MW.
In NPL5, DC current passes superconducting coil, and to produce magnetic field, and electrically conductive workpiece rotates in magnetic field, from And be inductively heated.In this part of document, illustrate the following institute of specification of the sensing heater that cylindrical aluminum base is heated State: input power: 360kW;Rotating speed: 240-600 rev/min;Billet size: diameter 178mmx length 690mm.
Additionally, sensing heating provides the energy P represented by following expression formula and (sees eelctrical engineering handbook (by NEC work IEEE publishes, issuing date: February 28 (first edition) in 1988, page 1739):
P=2.5fH2rAQ10-8(in the CGS system of unit) ... (1)
In this expression formula, f represents frequency (1/s), and can be obtained by the rotating speed of conductor.H represents magnetic field intensity (Oe), And it is set as constant here.L represents the axial length (cm) of conductor, A represents the area of section (cm of conductor2) and L × A Represent the volume of conductor.μrRepresenting the relative permeability of conductor, Q represents the correction factor depending on conductor geometry.Herein, In order to make the geometry of conductor be similar to above-mentioned cylindrical aluminum base, the value of Q is also fixing.From expression formula (1) it can be seen that Energy P (W) is proportional to frequency f and volume (length L × area A).
When the electricity generation system supposed is compared with above induction heating equipment, the about sensing of the rotating speed of described electricity generation system adds The 1/20 of the rotating speed of hot device;On the other hand, heat energy produced by described electricity generation system is about the electricity being input to sense heater 20 times of energy.Therefore, according to estimation, the electricity generation system of described supposition would require about the conductor of 400 times of volumes.
As the result of tentative calculation, if the size that conductor is cylindrical aluminum base, the most such as this conductor will be for diameter 1320mm × length 5110mm, volume approximation 7m3, weight approximate 21 tons (21000kg, with 3g/cm3Density changed) amount.Additionally, even With the miscellaneous equipment being encapsulated in nacelle, then estimate that the weight of nacelle is close to 50 tons.For providing the wind-force of 5MW output to send out For electricity system, the weight of the nacelle included by gearless type electricity generation system has exceeded 300 tons.It will be seen that this electricity generation system Can have equivalent or higher performance, and also significantly reduce the weight of nacelle.
First modified example
The most first embodiment is illustrated by the example with reference to the magnetic field generator with permanent magnet.Alternative Ground, can use common conductive coil or superconducting coil, and encourage it, to produce magnetic field.Below in conjunction with Fig. 2 come to Superconducting coil illustrates as the example of the magnetic field generator of the device producing magnetic field.
Referring to Fig. 2, magnetic field generator 40 has superconducting coil 45 and 46 positioned opposite, and conductor 20 is arranged on superconduction Between coil 45 and 46.Superconducting coil 45 (46) is contained in cooling container 80, and is connected to refrigeration machine 81 at cold head 82, Therefore superconducting coil is cooled by conduction.Compared with common conductive coil, superconducting coil allows to produce higher magnetic field, because of This contributes to realizing miniaturization and lightness.Additionally, when employing superconducting coil, save iron core and can eliminate magnetic saturation, and And owing to there is no iron core, it is possible to realize lightness further.
Additionally, when employing superconducting coil, liquid coolant (such as liquid nitrogen) can be incorporated in cooling container, and And superconducting coil can be dipped in liquid coolant, liquid coolant can be circulated by refrigeration machine simultaneously, thus is made Cold cools down.In this case, it is possible to such for such as pump, to be used for pumping coolant circulator is arranged in nacelle, or Described circulator can be disposed in the building of pylon bottom.
Second modified example
Above in association with including that first embodiment is illustrated by the magnetic field generator with two relative magnets.Can replace Dai Di, can arrange three or more magnet.For example, it is possible to along the most multiple magnets of conductor, and the magnetic of described magnet Pole is alternately arranged.
Such as, as shown in Fig. 3 (B), if arranging four magnet 41-44, produced magnetic field promotes magnetic flux from magnetic Body 41 and 43 flows to magnet 42 and 44.
3rd modified example
Being illustrated first embodiment above in association with the example including magnetic field generator, described magnetic field generator produces D.C. magnetic field, the magnetic field not time to time change that this DC magnetic place provides.Alternately, it is possible to use multiple coils produce Rotating excitation field.For example, it is possible to along the most multiple coils of conductor so that multiple coils are sequentially excited, with along leading The circumference of body produces rotating excitation field.More specifically, can along the circumference of conductor be diametrically opposite arranged to coil, and Can be along the circumferentially equidistant liftoff layout three of conductor to such coil.Note, the direction of rotating excitation field is arranged to and leads It is in opposite direction that body rotates, then can increase the apparent rotating speed of conductor, therefore, it is possible to increase the heat energy produced.Such as, generation is worked as During rotating excitation field, each paired coil can be excited by the electric current of the phase place corresponding to three-phase alternating current.
4th exemplary variation
The most first embodiment is illustrated by the example using water as heat transmission medium.Alternately, Heat conductivity higher than water liquid metals be also used as heat transfer medium.Such liquid metals can e.g. liquid sodium. If using liquid metals as heat transfer medium, the most described liquid metals is such as used as receiving the primary biography of heat from conductor Thermal medium, the heat that described liquid metals is transmitted by conveying pipe can heat secondary heat transfer medium by heat exchanger (or water), thus produce steam.
Noting, the present invention is not limited to above example, and without deviating from the spirit of the invention, can be to this Invention is appropriately modified.For example, it is possible to take the circumstances into consideration to adjust conductor, heat transfer medium etc., and common conductive coil can be used to make For magnetic field generator.
Industrial usability
This electricity generation system is applicable to utilize the field of wind-power electricity generation.
Reference numerals list
W: wind generator system;
10: windmill;
11: blade;
15: rotary shaft;
20: conductor;
30: heat transfer medium container;
40: magnetic field generator;
41,42,43,44: magnet;
45,46: superconducting coil;
50: thermophore;
51: conveying pipe;
60: generator unit;
61: steam turbine;
62: electromotor;
71: steam condenser;
72: pump;
73: feed pipe;
80: cooling container;
81: refrigeration machine;
82: cold head;
101: pylon;
102: nacelle;
103: building.

Claims (6)

1. an electricity generation system, including:
Windmill;
Conductor, described conductor rotates along with the rotation of described windmill;
Magnetic field generator, described magnetic field generator produces the magnetic field through described conductor;
Heat transfer medium, described heat transfer medium receives heat from described conductor, and described conductor rotates and sensed in described magnetic field Heating;
Thermophore, described thermophore is accumulated the heat of described heat transfer medium, and is supplied to be applied to the steam of generating;And
Generator unit, described generator unit utilize the steam supplied from described thermophore to produce electric energy,
Wherein, described magnetic field generator includes the first paired magnet and the second magnet, described first magnet and the second magnet phase Arranging over the ground, described conductor is placed between described first magnet and described second magnet, and the first magnetic of described first magnet Pole-face is led towards described to described conductor, the second magnetic pole of described second magnet contrary with the magnetic polarity of described first magnetic pole Body, and
Wherein, described thermophore is the thermophore using fused salt.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, including:
Pylon, described pylon extends to the position higher than described generator unit;
Nacelle, described nacelle is arranged on the top of described pylon, and is provided with described windmill, described conductor and described magnetic field and sends out Raw device;
Heat transfer medium container, described heat transfer medium container is arranged in described nacelle, and accommodates in described heat transfer medium container There is the described heat transfer medium receiving heat from described conductor;And
Conveying pipe, the heat of the described heat transfer medium in described heat transfer medium container is transported to described accumulation of heat by described conveying pipe Device.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, wherein, described generator unit has:
Turbine, described turbine utilizes the steam supplied from described thermophore to rotate;And
Electromotor, described electromotor is by described turbine drive.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, wherein, a part for described conductor is provided with magnetisable material.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, wherein, described magnetic field generator has the coil producing magnetic field.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 5, wherein, described coil is superconducting coil.
CN201080046256.6A 2009-10-15 2010-09-13 Electricity generation system Active CN102575648B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610930564.4A CN106907297A (en) 2009-10-15 2010-09-13 Electricity generation system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009238618 2009-10-15
JP2009-238618 2009-10-15
PCT/JP2010/065745 WO2011045999A1 (en) 2009-10-15 2010-09-13 Electric power generation system

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CN102575648B true CN102575648B (en) 2016-11-30

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1737461A (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-22 Lg电子株式会社 Cogeneration system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1737461A (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-22 Lg电子株式会社 Cogeneration system

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