CN102572850A - Spectrum allocation method based on operating state switching of authorized user in cognitive radio - Google Patents

Spectrum allocation method based on operating state switching of authorized user in cognitive radio Download PDF

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CN102572850A
CN102572850A CN2012100844932A CN201210084493A CN102572850A CN 102572850 A CN102572850 A CN 102572850A CN 2012100844932 A CN2012100844932 A CN 2012100844932A CN 201210084493 A CN201210084493 A CN 201210084493A CN 102572850 A CN102572850 A CN 102572850A
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cognitive nodes
cognitive
spectrum allocation
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graph
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CN102572850B (en
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张中兆
王垚
谭学治
马琳
殷聪
张琪
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a spectrum allocation method based on the operating state switching of an authorized user in cognitive radio, relates to a spectrum allocation technology in a cognitive radio technology for a communication system, and aims to solve the problem that the operating state switching of the authorized user before the next spectrum allocation period is not taken into account by the conventional spectrum allocation method to cause the problems of low total system efficiency and fairness of an allocation result. The method specifically comprises the following steps of: establishing Na connected sub-graphs; judging whether a certain sub-graph not subjected to spectrum allocation exists or not, executing a step 3 if the sub-graph not subjected to spectrum allocation exists, and finishing the spectrum allocation if the sub-graph not subjected to spectrum allocation does not exist; selecting a sub-graph i, judging whether the sub-graph i is an isolated node or not, performing the spectrum allocation according to an available spectrum list if the sub-graph i is the isolated node, and calculating a sum Bn if the sub-graph i is not the isolated node; and performing information interaction among all cognitive nodes of the sub-graph i; and judging whether the sub-graph i has an available channel or not, selecting an authorized channel m for the spectrum allocation if the sub-graph i has the available channel, continuing judging whether the sub-graph i has another available channel or not after the allocation is finished, and if the sub-graph i does not have another available channel, finishing the spectrum allocation of the sub-graph i, and returning to the step 2. The method is applied in the field of communication.

Description

The frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in the cognitive radio
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communications field, relate to the frequency spectrum distributing technique in the cognitive radio technology in the communication system, be specifically related to the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in a kind of cognitive radio.
Background technology
Cognitive radio is an otherwise effective technique scheme that solves following unlimited frequency spectrum resource shortage, and spectrum allocation may is the key link that its technology realizes, crucial practical significance is arranged.The graph theory coloring models receives extensive studies and concern as a crucial model of cognitive radio system spectrum allocation may.Traditional frequency spectrum distributing method based on graph theory is a target with maximization system spectrum utilance, fairness, pursues the maximize revenue of cognitive system; Be target perhaps, pursue the spectrum allocation may time minimization of cognitive system to reduce overhead and algorithm complex.
Graph theory model is under the prerequisite of interference-limited, and the cognitive radio networks topological abstract is become topological diagram, and cognitive user is represented on the summit among the figure; Cognitive user is node; Bian represents the interference between the summit, and each summit is corresponding with a color set, represents the usable spectrum tabulation on summit.For any 2 points in the topological diagram subgraph, all there is the path that is communicated with them.If a connected subgraph is not the proper subclass of any one connected subgraph, claim that so this connected subgraph is a very big connected subgraph.In the graph theory coloring models, belong between the arbitrary node of the big connected subgraph of different poles and do not have any influence.Each very big connected subgraph is separate in the spectrum allocation may process, the spectrum allocation may that can walk abreast.
Yet the operating state of authorization channel directly influences the spectrum allocation may tabulation of cognitive user, and the fairness of distribution method is had higher requirement.Tradition graph theory frequency spectrum distributing method in the process of spectrum allocation may, is not considered the switching problem of the authorized user operating state of next spectrum allocation may before the cycle mostly from static angular.Make the allocation result of these frequency spectrum distributing methods neither satisfy actual requirement, usually cause system's total utility of allocation result and fairness all very poor again.
Summary of the invention
The present invention does not consider the switching of the authorized user operating state of next spectrum allocation may before the cycle in order to solve traditional frequency spectrum distributing method; Cause the system's total utility and the fairness of allocation result poor; Can not satisfy the problem of actual needs, the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in a kind of cognitive radio of proposition.
The frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in the cognitive radio of the present invention, detailed process is:
Step 1, initialization are set up N according to the topological structure of cognitive radio networks aIndividual connected subgraph;
Step 2, judged whether that subgraph does not carry out spectrum allocation may, if then carry out step 3, if otherwise spectrum allocation may accomplish;
Step 3, selection one sub-graphs i, 1≤i≤N a, judge whether subgraph i is isolated node, if, then directly carry out spectrum allocation may by usable spectrum tabulation, if not, then calculate each node of belonging to subgraph i
Figure BDA0000147499930000021
And B n, wherein m representes authorization channel, n representes cognitive nodes,
Figure BDA0000147499930000022
Be the corresponding current usable spectrum tabulation of cognitive nodes n,
Figure BDA0000147499930000023
For
Figure BDA0000147499930000024
The idle list of probabilities collection of pairing next authorization channel constantly, B nThe acquired expected revenus of expression cognitive nodes n,
Figure BDA0000147499930000025
Expression authorization channel m distributes to the interference expectation of cognitive nodes n;
Figure BDA0000147499930000026
And B nDefinition be respectively:
D m n = Σ n ‾ ∈ Λ n a n ‾ , m b n ‾ , m P m off
B n = Σ m ∈ I a n , m b n , m P m off
a N, mExpression authorization channel m distributes to cognitive nodes n and uses; Λ nThe set of the neighbor node of expression cognitive nodes n;
Figure BDA0000147499930000029
Expression authorization channel m distributes to cognitive nodes Use;
Figure BDA00001474999300000211
The expression cognitive nodes The income of using channel m to obtain,
Figure BDA00001474999300000213
Next moment idle probability of expression authorization channel m, I is a set of available channels;
Carry out information interaction between all cognitive nodes of step 4, subgraph i: the content of information interaction comprises the acquired expected revenus B of expression cognitive nodes n n, authorization channel distributes to the interference expectation of cognitive nodes n
Figure BDA00001474999300000214
The current usable spectrum tabulation of cognitive nodes n
Figure BDA00001474999300000215
With the idle list of probabilities collection of next authorization channel constantly
Figure BDA00001474999300000216
Step 5, judge whether subgraph i has available channel, if, then select an authorization channel m to carry out spectrum allocation may, assigned continued and judged whether subgraph i has available channel, if not, then the spectrum allocation may of subgraph i is accomplished, and returns step 2.
The present invention is in cognition network; Emphasis considers that the operating state of authorization channel changes the influence to spectrum allocation may; For obtaining the higher total availability of frequency spectrum and the fairness performance of system, designed the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user channel status in a kind of cognitive radio.Central idea of the present invention is: from next constantly the angle of the usable probability of authorization channel usable spectrum is distributed, to improve the total availability of frequency spectrum and the fairness performance of cognitive system.Method of the present invention is calculated the acquired expected revenus of cognitive nodes and the interference expectation of all authorization channels of cognitive nodes hereto according to the idle probability of next moment authorization channel, and then obtains the allocated channel prioritization of cognitive nodes.The invention solves the authorized user channel and switch adverse effect, obtained good system's fairness, and obtained the higher cognitive system availability of frequency spectrum the cognitive system spectrum allocation may.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a frequency spectrum distributing method flow chart of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a channel allocation flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in the described cognitive radio of this execution mode, and detailed process is:
Step 1, initialization are set up N according to the topological structure of cognitive radio networks aIndividual connected subgraph;
Step 2, judged whether that subgraph does not carry out spectrum allocation may, if then carry out step 3, if otherwise spectrum allocation may accomplish;
Step 3, selection one sub-graphs i, 1≤i≤N a, judge whether subgraph i is isolated node, if, then directly carry out spectrum allocation may by usable spectrum tabulation, if not, then calculate each node of belonging to subgraph i
Figure BDA0000147499930000031
And B n, wherein m representes authorization channel, n representes cognitive nodes,
Figure BDA0000147499930000032
Be the corresponding current usable spectrum tabulation of cognitive nodes n,
Figure BDA0000147499930000033
For
Figure BDA0000147499930000034
The idle list of probabilities collection of pairing next authorization channel constantly, B nThe acquired expected revenus of expression cognitive nodes n, Expression authorization channel m distributes to the interference expectation of cognitive nodes n;
Figure BDA0000147499930000036
And B nDefinition be respectively:
D m n = Σ n ‾ ∈ Λ n a n ‾ , m b n ‾ , m P m off
B n = Σ m ∈ I a n , m b n , m P m off
a N, mExpression authorization channel m distributes to cognitive nodes n and uses; Λ nThe set of the neighbor node of expression cognitive nodes n;
Figure BDA0000147499930000039
Expression authorization channel m distributes to cognitive nodes
Figure BDA00001474999300000310
Use;
Figure BDA00001474999300000311
The expression cognitive nodes
Figure BDA00001474999300000312
The income of using channel m to obtain,
Figure BDA00001474999300000313
Next moment idle probability of expression authorization channel m, I is a set of available channels;
Carry out information interaction between all cognitive nodes of step 4, subgraph i: the content of information interaction comprises the acquired expected revenus B of expression cognitive nodes n n, authorization channel distributes to the interference expectation of cognitive nodes n The current usable spectrum tabulation of cognitive nodes n With the idle list of probabilities collection of next authorization channel constantly
Figure BDA00001474999300000316
Step 5, judge whether subgraph i has available channel, if, then select an authorization channel m to carry out spectrum allocation may, assigned continued and judged whether subgraph i has available channel, if not, then the spectrum allocation may of subgraph i is accomplished, and returns step 2.
Embodiment two, this execution mode are to setting up N in the step 1 in the embodiment one aThe further qualification of the method for individual connected subgraph in this execution mode, is set up N aThe concrete grammar of individual connected subgraph is:
Step 11, produce M authorization node and N at random cThe geographical coordinate of individual cognitive nodes, geographical coordinate are two-dimensional coordinate; The initialization state of each authorization node is set to " 0 " or " 1 " at random, and wherein " 0 " expression is idle, and " 1 " expression is busy; M wherein is set aIndividual authorization node is in idle condition, wherein 0＜M a＜M;
Step 12, set up N according to the geographical coordinate position of cognitive nodes and distance relation each other aIndividual undirected connected subgraph, wherein N a≤N c
Embodiment three, this execution mode are to setting up N in the step 12 in the embodiment two aThe further qualification of the method for individual undirected connected subgraph in this execution mode, is set up N aThe concrete grammar of individual undirected connected subgraph is: judge two distances between the cognitive nodes whether less than two cognitive nodes disturb radiuses with; If then there is a limit to link to each other between these two cognitive nodes, if otherwise do not have the limit to link to each other between these two cognitive nodes.
Embodiment four, combination Fig. 2 explain this execution mode; This execution mode is that authorization channel m of the described selection of the step 5 in the embodiment one is carried out the further qualification of the method for spectrum allocation may; In this execution mode, the concrete grammar of selecting an authorization channel m to carry out spectrum allocation may is:
Whether the set that step 51, judgement comprise authorization channel m is empty, if spectrum allocation may finishes, if not, then execution in step 52;
Step 52, judgement comprise the B of acquisition expected revenus of all cognitive nodes of authorization channel m nWhether equate, if not, according to B nAscending order is carried out prioritization with cognitive nodes, obtains the distribution prioritization about authorization channel m, if then execution in step 53;
Whether step 53, judgement disturb expectation
Figure BDA0000147499930000041
to equate; If; Cognitive nodes is sorted at random; If not; According to
Figure BDA0000147499930000042
ascending order cognitive nodes is carried out prioritization, obtain distribution prioritization about authorization channel m;
Step 54, authorization channel m is distributed to the highest cognitive nodes n ' of priority; Cognitive nodes n ' is removed from the prioritization tabulation; And to all neighbor node lastest imformations; Cognitive nodes n ' is removed authorization channel m respectively with its neighbor node from each self-corresponding usable spectrum tabulation, obtain comprising the new cognitive nodes set of authorization channel m; Return execution in step 51 then.

Claims (4)

1. the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in the cognitive radio is characterized in that the detailed process of this method is:
Step 1, initialization are set up N according to the topological structure of cognitive radio networks aIndividual connected subgraph;
Step 2, judged whether that subgraph does not carry out spectrum allocation may, if then carry out step 3, if otherwise spectrum allocation may accomplish;
Step 3, selection one sub-graphs i, 1≤i≤N a, judge whether subgraph i is isolated node, if, then directly carry out spectrum allocation may by usable spectrum tabulation, if not, then calculate each node of belonging to subgraph i
Figure FDA0000147499920000011
And B n, wherein m representes authorization channel, n representes cognitive nodes,
Figure FDA0000147499920000012
Be the corresponding current usable spectrum tabulation of cognitive nodes n, For
Figure FDA0000147499920000014
The idle list of probabilities collection of pairing next authorization channel constantly, B nThe acquired expected revenus of expression cognitive nodes n,
Figure FDA0000147499920000015
Expression authorization channel m distributes to the interference expectation of cognitive nodes n;
Figure FDA0000147499920000016
And B nDefinition be respectively:
D m n = Σ n ‾ ∈ Λ n a n ‾ , m b n ‾ , m P m off
B n = Σ m ∈ I a n , m b n , m P m off
a N, mExpression authorization channel m distributes to cognitive nodes n and uses; Λ nThe set of the neighbor node of expression cognitive nodes n; Expression authorization channel m distributes to cognitive nodes Use; The expression cognitive nodes
Figure FDA00001474999200000112
The income of using channel m to obtain, Next moment idle probability of expression authorization channel m, I is a set of available channels;
Carry out information interaction between all cognitive nodes of step 4, subgraph i: the content of information interaction comprises the acquired expected revenus B of expression cognitive nodes n n, authorization channel distributes to the interference expectation of cognitive nodes n
Figure FDA00001474999200000114
The current usable spectrum tabulation of cognitive nodes n With the idle list of probabilities collection of next authorization channel constantly
Figure FDA00001474999200000116
Step 5, judge whether subgraph i has available channel, if, then select an authorization channel m to carry out spectrum allocation may, assigned continued and judged whether subgraph i has available channel, if not, then the spectrum allocation may of subgraph i is accomplished, and returns step 2.
2. the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in the cognitive radio according to claim 1 is characterized in that said step 1 is set up N aThe concrete grammar of individual connected subgraph is:
Step 11, produce M authorization node and N at random cThe geographical coordinate of individual cognitive nodes, geographical coordinate are two-dimensional coordinate; The initialization state of each authorization node is set to " 0 " or " 1 " at random, and wherein " 0 " expression is idle, and " 1 " expression is busy; M wherein is set aIndividual authorization node is in idle condition, wherein 0＜M a＜M;
Step 12, set up N according to the geographical coordinate position of cognitive nodes and distance relation each other aIndividual undirected connected subgraph, wherein N a≤N c
3. the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in the cognitive radio according to claim 2 is characterized in that, sets up N in the said step 12 aThe concrete grammar of individual undirected connected subgraph is: judge two distances between the cognitive nodes whether less than two cognitive nodes disturb radiuses with; If then there is a limit to link to each other between these two cognitive nodes, if otherwise do not have the limit to link to each other between these two cognitive nodes.
4. the frequency spectrum distributing method that switches based on the authorized user operating state in the cognitive radio according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concrete grammar that said step 5 selects an authorization channel m to carry out spectrum allocation may is:
Whether the set that step 51, judgement comprise authorization channel m is empty, if spectrum allocation may finishes, if not, then execution in step 52;
Step 52, judgement comprise the B of acquisition expected revenus of all cognitive nodes of authorization channel m nWhether equate, if not, according to B nAscending order is carried out prioritization with cognitive nodes, obtains the distribution prioritization about authorization channel m, if then execution in step 53;
Whether step 53, judgement disturb expectation
Figure FDA0000147499920000021
to equate; If; Cognitive nodes is sorted at random; If not; According to
Figure FDA0000147499920000022
ascending order cognitive nodes is carried out prioritization, obtain distribution prioritization about authorization channel m;
Step 54, authorization channel m is distributed to the highest cognitive nodes n ' of priority; Cognitive nodes n ' is removed from the prioritization tabulation; And to all neighbor node lastest imformations; Cognitive nodes n ' is removed authorization channel m respectively with its neighbor node from each self-corresponding usable spectrum tabulation, obtain comprising the new cognitive nodes set of authorization channel m; Return execution in step 51 then.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102857924A (en) * 2012-09-17 2013-01-02 哈尔滨工业大学 Authorization channel switching probability-based maximal independent set frequency spectrum distribution method in cognitive radio
CN103997739A (en) * 2014-06-11 2014-08-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for achieving dynamic spectrum allocation in cognitive radio
CN103997739B (en) * 2014-06-11 2017-03-22 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for achieving dynamic spectrum allocation in cognitive radio
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