CN102572245A - Method and device for extending image dynamic ranges - Google Patents
Method and device for extending image dynamic ranges Download PDFInfo
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- CN102572245A CN102572245A CN201110434785XA CN201110434785A CN102572245A CN 102572245 A CN102572245 A CN 102572245A CN 201110434785X A CN201110434785X A CN 201110434785XA CN 201110434785 A CN201110434785 A CN 201110434785A CN 102572245 A CN102572245 A CN 102572245A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for extending image dynamic ranges. The method includes A dividing an optical signal of image information of an identical scene into a first optical signal and a second optical signal, collecting the first optical signal at least once according to first exposure time, converting the collected first optical signal into at least one analog electric signal of a first image, simultaneously collecting the second optical signal at least once according to second exposure time, and converting the collected second optical signal into at least one analog electric signal of a second image; B respectively converting the at least one analog electric signal of the first image and the at least one analog electric signal of the second image into at least one digital electric signal of the first image and at least one digital electric signal of the second image; and C processing the at least one digital electric signal of the first image and the at least one digital electric signal of the second image so as to comprise an image. The method and the device can extend the dynamic ranges, improve signal to noise ratio, are rapid in real-time processing speed, and further can achieve synchronous exposure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image acquisition and process field, relate in particular to a kind of method and device of expanded images dynamic range.
Background technology
Imageing sensor is the important component part of digital camera, is a kind of semiconductor device that optical imagery is converted to the signal of telecommunication.According to the difference of element, can be divided into two big types of CCD and CMOS.
An important indicator of evaluation map image-position sensor quality is a dynamic range.Dynamic range is defined as the ratio of maximum unsaturation signal and minimum detectable signal, and on behalf of imageing sensor, it differentiate the ability of high brightness and low-light level details in the same width of cloth image.The dynamic range of the imageing sensor of the traditional structure often dynamic range than natural environment is much little, and this just makes that the taken image resolution ratio of imageing sensor is not enough.When exposure was high, figure image height illumination zone was because of the over-exposed saturation condition that appears; And exposure is when low, and image low-light (level) zone is difficult to obtain simultaneously the detailed information of high brightness and low-light level scene because of under-exposed unintelligible.
Employed ordinary digital camera is to obtain the scene of high brightness and low-light level simultaneously in people's daily photographic process.The scene of obtaining high brightness will be turned down the exposure of digital camera, and the scene of low-light level meanwhile also just can not clearly obtain; Equally, the scene that obtain low-light level will be heightened the exposure of digital camera, and this moment, the scene of high brightness will present saturation condition on digital camera.This phenomenon is the problem that people run into through regular meeting with digital camera in daily life.
Using in the high-tech area at present, coming that as the imaging system that imageing sensor all is housed on military reconnaissance satellite, meteorological satellite and the data satellite target is carried out to picture and can run into same problem too.
Address the above problem dynamic range that must expanded images.In the prior art, the method for the dynamic range of expanded images mainly is divided into two kinds.First method is a sensor designs chip again on hardware, and reaching dynamic range expanded purpose, but this method has greatly increased the complexity and the system cost of image sensor design; Second method is the method for twice or multiexposure, multiple exposure; Utilize same imageing sensor to obtain the image of different exposures continuously; Promptly adopt the shorter exposure time of integration, the longer exposure time of integration is adopted in the high illumination of resolution image zone; Resolution image low-light (level) zone synthesize processing with the image of twice or multiexposure, multiple exposure again and is expanded its dynamic range.Yet existing twice or method for multiple exposures with multiple also exist significant disadvantage: processing speed is slow and can not realize synchronous exposure (promptly can not realize the twice exposure time of integration of length synchronously).Utilize same imageing sensor to remove the continuous acquisition multiple image; Processing speed is slower; In addition, an imageing sensor can not be gathered the image of two width of cloth or several different exposures simultaneously in the extremely short time, and imageing sensor all needs the regular hour to go reading images just can carry out collection next time when each the collection; This can cause having the regular hour skew between the collection of different width of cloth images; When the target of rapid movement was taken, two width of cloth or multiple image can not be overlapping in the space, and composograph is of poor quality.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, to the above-mentioned defective of prior art, a kind of method and device of expanded images dynamic range is provided.Simultaneously the image information of Same Scene is gathered once with the different time for exposure at least by two imageing sensors; And the image after will gathering is through the synthetic high dynamic range images of image processing algorithm, the defective that has solved designed image sensor complex on hardware with solved twice or the method processing speed of multiexposure, multiple exposure is slow and can not realize the defective of exposure synchronously.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of method of expanded images dynamic range is provided, comprises step:
A, utilize first imageing sensor at least once to gather first light signal according to predefined first time for exposure; And first light signal of being gathered converted to the analog electrical signal of at least one first image; Utilize second imageing sensor at least once to gather second light signal simultaneously according to predefined second time for exposure; And convert second light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to, wherein:
First time for exposure was different from for second time for exposure;
First light signal and second light signal carry out beam split by spectral module to the light signal of the image information of Same Scene respectively and obtain;
B, convert the analog electrical signal of at least one first image and the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image respectively;
C, the digital electric signal of the digital electric signal of at least one first image and at least one second image is handled and composograph.
In the method for expanded images dynamic range of the present invention, in step C, the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image are handled and composograph through following algorithmic formula:
Wherein, f (x, y) for the image after synthetic at (x, y) gray value of position; g
n(x is that n width of cloth image is at (x, y) gray value of position y); N is first image that collected and the number summation of second image; A is predefined reference value, and A*N＜255.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of expanded images dynamic range, comprising:
Set of lenses is used to assemble the light signal based on the image information of Same Scene;
Spectral module is used for light signal is divided into first light signal and second light signal;
Image capture module; Comprise first imageing sensor and second imageing sensor, first imageing sensor is at least once gathered first light signal according to predefined first time for exposure, and converts first light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one first image to; Simultaneously; Second imageing sensor is at least once gathered second light signal according to predefined second time for exposure, and converts second light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to, wherein:
First time for exposure was different from for second time for exposure;
First light signal and second light signal carry out beam split by spectral module to the light signal of the image information of Same Scene respectively and obtain;
The A/D modular converter comprises first A/D converter and second A/D converter, and first A/D converter converts the analog electrical signal of at least one first image to the digital electric signal of at least one first image; Second A/D converter converts the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to the digital electric signal of at least one second image;
Computer is used to control image capture module, and is used for the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image are handled and composograph.
In the device of expanded images dynamic range of the present invention, its computer is handled and composograph the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image through following algorithmic formula:
Wherein, f (x, y) for the image after synthetic at (x, y) gray value of position; g
n(x is that n width of cloth image is at (x, y) gray value of position y); N is first image that collected and the number summation of second image; A is predefined reference value, and A*N＜255.
The method and the device of a kind of expanded images dynamic range of embodiment of the present invention; Have following beneficial effect: it is gathered once with the different time for exposure the image information of Same Scene through adopting two imageing sensors simultaneously at least; And the image after will gathering is through the image processing algorithm composograph; Gather once, just can obtain two width of cloth images (comprising that a panel height exposure image and a width of cloth hang down the exposure image).The expanded images dynamic range with improve signal noise ratio (snr) of image in, can effectively improve the real-time processing speed of image, and can realize that the twice exposure time of integration of length carry out synchronously, can be applicable to the photographing process of fast-moving target.
Description of drawings
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that the present invention is described further below, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the embodiment one of the method for expanded images dynamic range of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart according to the embodiment one of the device of expanded images dynamic range of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method and device of expanded images dynamic range; Mainly be to realize high dynamic range images through following two aspects: the one, utilize two imageing sensors respectively the image information of Same Scene to be gathered once at least simultaneously; And two imageing sensors are provided with the different time for exposure; A time for exposure is longer, and another time for exposure is shorter; The 2nd, synthesize high dynamic range images with gathering view data good and after the A/D conversion through image processing algorithm, to reach dynamic range expanded purpose.
As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment one of the method for expanded images dynamic range of the present invention, carry out image acquisition and image processing, comprise step:
Step S1: utilize first imageing sensor at least once to gather first light signal according to predefined first time for exposure; And first light signal of being gathered converted to the analog electrical signal of at least one first image; Utilize second imageing sensor at least once to gather second light signal simultaneously, and convert second light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to according to predefined second time for exposure.
Wherein, first imageing sensor and second imageing sensor begin to gather simultaneously.First time for exposure was long time for exposure T
1, second time for exposure was short exposure time T
2, for example, long time for exposure T
1Be redefined for 10ms, short exposure time T
2Be redefined for 1ms.Certainly, above-mentioned numerical value can be set different values as required in practical application.Like this, first image is the image of long time for exposure (being high exposure), and it has caught the detailed information in image low-light (level) zone after enough time for exposure; And second image is the image of short exposure time (promptly low exposure), and it has caught the detailed information in high illumination zone before saturated.
In addition, first light signal and second light signal are to be carried out to picture by imaging object light (being the light signal of the image information of Same Scene) scioptics group to carry out two light signals that beam splitting is divided into through Amici prism again, and these two light signals are identical.
Step S2: convert the analog electrical signal of at least one first image and the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image respectively.
Step S3: the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image are handled and composograph.Can handle and composograph the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image through following algorithmic formula:
Wherein, f (x, y) for the image after synthetic at (x, y) gray value of position; g
n(x is that n width of cloth image is at (x, y) gray value of position y); N is first image that collected and the number summation of second image; A is predefined reference value, and A*N＜255.
The algorithm that embodiments of the invention one adopt has certain advantage on arithmetic speed; Image energy after synthetic keeps original information well; Its grey scale pixel value all between 0-255, can not produce the problem of overflowing, and need not carry out normalization to image and handle.
In addition, can go to confirm the picture number N and the reference value A of required collection,, for example, get N=2, A=50 to reach best effect according to actual conditions.When the N value is 2, promptly gather two width of cloth view data, respectively growing that the time for exposure gathers once and with the short exposure time collection once, and this twice collection begun to gather by two imageing sensors respectively simultaneously.Therefore, when the target of rapid movement is taken, can avoid effectively two width of cloth images can not be in the space the overlapping ropy problem of composograph that causes.
As shown in Figure 2, in the embodiment one of the device of expanded images dynamic range of the present invention, comprise set of lenses 1, spectral module 2, image capture module 3, A/D modular converter 4 and computer 5.
Set of lenses 1 is used to assemble the light signal based on the image information of Same Scene.
Spectral module 2 is used for light signal is divided into first light signal and second light signal.
Image capture module 3; Comprise first imageing sensor 6 and second imageing sensor 7; First imageing sensor 6 is at least once gathered first light signal according to predefined first time for exposure, and converts first light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one first image to, simultaneously; Second imageing sensor 7 is at least once gathered second light signal according to predefined second time for exposure, and converts second light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to.
Wherein, first imageing sensor is redefined for the long time for exposure, and second imageing sensor is redefined for short exposure time, and two imageing sensors begin to gather simultaneously.
The A/D modular converter comprises first A/D converter and second A/D converter, and first A/D converter converts the analog electrical signal of at least one first image to the digital electric signal of at least one first image; Second A/D converter converts the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to the digital electric signal of at least one second image.
Computer is used to control image capture module, and is used for the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image are handled and composograph.Wherein, computer can be realized collection, the algorithm process of image and the demonstration of image of image through the VC programming.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (4)
1. the method for an expanded images dynamic range is characterized in that, comprises step:
A, utilize first imageing sensor at least once to gather first light signal according to predefined first time for exposure; And said first light signal of being gathered converted to the analog electrical signal of at least one first image; Utilize second imageing sensor at least once to gather second light signal simultaneously, and convert said second light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to according to predefined second time for exposure;
Said first time for exposure is different from said second time for exposure;
Said first light signal and said second light signal carry out beam split by spectral module to the light signal of the image information of Same Scene respectively and obtain;
B, convert the analog electrical signal of at least one said first image and the analog electrical signal of at least one said second image to the digital electric signal of at least one first image and the digital electric signal of at least one second image respectively;
C, the digital electric signal of the digital electric signal of at least one said first image and at least one said second image is handled and composograph.
2. according to the method for the expanded images dynamic range of claim 1; It is characterized in that; In said step C, the digital electric signal of at least one said first image and the digital electric signal of at least one said second image are handled and composograph through following algorithmic formula:
Wherein, f (x, y) for the image after synthetic at (x, y) gray value of position; g
n(x is that n width of cloth image is at (x, y) gray value of position y); N is first image that collected and the number summation of second image; A is predefined reference value, and A*N＜255.
3. the device of an expanded images dynamic range is characterized in that, comprising:
Set of lenses (1) is used to assemble the light signal based on the image information of Same Scene;
Spectral module (2) is used for said light signal is divided into first light signal and second light signal;
Image capture module (3); Comprise first imageing sensor (6) and second imageing sensor (7); The said first imageing sensor root (6) is at least once gathered first light signal according to predefined first time for exposure; And said first light signal of being gathered converted to the analog electrical signal of at least one first image; Simultaneously, said second imageing sensor (7) is at least once gathered second light signal according to predefined second time for exposure, and converts said second light signal of being gathered the analog electrical signal of at least one second image to;
Said first time for exposure is different from said second time for exposure;
Said first light signal and said second light signal carry out beam split by spectral module to the light signal of the image information of Same Scene respectively and obtain;
A/D modular converter (4) comprises first A/D converter (8) and second A/D converter (9), and said first A/D converter (8) converts the analog electrical signal of at least one said first image to the digital electric signal of at least one first image; Said second A/D converter (9) converts the analog electrical signal of at least one said second image to the digital electric signal of at least one second image;
Computer (5) is used to control said image capture module (3), and is used for the digital electric signal of at least one said first image and the digital electric signal of at least one said second image are handled and composograph.
4. the device of expanded images dynamic range according to claim 3; It is characterized in that said computer (5) is handled and composograph the digital electric signal of at least one said first image and the digital electric signal of at least one said second image through following algorithmic formula:
Wherein, f (x, y) for the image after synthetic at (x, y) gray value of position; g
n(x is that n width of cloth image is at (x, y) gray value of position y); N is first image that collected and the number summation of second image; A is predefined reference value, and A*N＜255.
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