CN102570407A - Chip for protecting battery and printed circuit board (PCB) - Google Patents

Chip for protecting battery and printed circuit board (PCB) Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102570407A
CN102570407A CN2011104225265A CN201110422526A CN102570407A CN 102570407 A CN102570407 A CN 102570407A CN 2011104225265 A CN2011104225265 A CN 2011104225265A CN 201110422526 A CN201110422526 A CN 201110422526A CN 102570407 A CN102570407 A CN 102570407A
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control
switch
chip
control module
control switch
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CN2011104225265A
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CN102570407B (en
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尹航
王钊
杨靖
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Wuxi Zhonggan Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Wuxi Vimicro Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a chip for protecting a battery. The chip is used for providing stable current. The chip comprises a switching control module and a time control module, wherein the switching control module is used for controlling the switching-on or switching-off of a path between a power end and a battery connecting end; the time control module is connected with the switching control module, and is used for controlling the switching-off time of the path; and the switching-off time is inversely proportional to the voltage of the battery connecting end. The invention also discloses a printed circuit board (PCB) comprising the chip.

Description

Be used to protect the chip and the PCB of battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic technology and built-in field, particularly relate to the chip and the PCB that are used to protect battery.
Background technology
Because the power demand of portable equipment becomes increasing, battery capacity is compelled to be increased, and satisfies the demands so that to be provided longer service time.This just needs to shorten these charging intervals than large-sized battery; Reduce the heat dissipation between charge period to greatest extent; Improve conversion efficiency, the technical staff designs the switching regulator charger, can shorten the charging interval and solves at present and the relevant heat dissipation problem of use linear charger scheme.The switching regulator charger can be single-unit or the binodal lithium ion cell charging in mobile phone, smart mobile phone, panel computer, WiMAX focus, digital camera and portable media/game player and other portable product.
The structure of existing switching regulator charger is referring to shown in Figure 1.The switching regulator charger need be controlled inductive current in the constant current charge process; For reaching this purpose; Series resistor on the inductive current path generally between battery protection chip internal pin CS and pin BAT, is used for that inductor current signal is sensed charging control inside and handles.
This mode not only takies pin CS, and the resistance on the current path directly influences the Current Control precision, so this resistance precision is had relatively high expectations.The value of resistance is big more, and detected current signal precision is just high more, but also can cause big more power dissipation simultaneously, and will remedy the power dissipation that causes on the resistance, and the conducting resistance of power switch pipe will be littler, improve product cost indirectly.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of chip and PCB that is used to protect battery, is used to the electric current that provides more stable.
A kind of chip that is used to protect battery comprises:
Switch control module is used to control UNICOM or the disconnection of power end to the path between the battery link;
The time control module that is connected with switch control module is used to control the time that said path breaks off, and this time and battery link voltage are inversely proportional to.
A kind of printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) comprises like each described chip in the claim 1 to 11.
The embodiment of the invention is controlled power end to the time that the path between the battery link breaks off through designing a time control module that is connected with switch control module, and this time and battery link voltage are inversely proportional to.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of PCB in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is an inductive current waveform sketch map in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the primary structure figure of embodiment of the invention chips;
Fig. 4 is the detailed structure view of embodiment of the invention chips;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of time control module in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The present inventor finds that the inductive current waveform sketch map when the switching regulator charger is operated in constant current charge is as shown in Figure 2.Formula Iavg=Ipeak-Iripple/2=Ipeak-D*Toff/2=Ipeak-Toff*Vbat/2L is arranged; Wherein Iavg is an average current, and Ipeak is a peak current, and Iripple is the current oscillation amplitude; D is Upside Switch off (going up end switch an ends) stage inductive current descending slope; Toff is Upside Switch off time (goes up end switch deadline), and Vbat is a cell voltage, and L is an inductance value.If Ipeak confirms, hope to obtain the fixing average current Iavg that does not change so with cell voltage, just needing Toff*Vbat is constant.Owing to Vbat can change along with charging, be constant so will make Toff*Vbat, just need to produce the Toff that is inversely proportional to Vbat.The embodiment of the invention is controlled power end to the time that the path between the battery link breaks off through designing a time control module that is connected with switch control module, and this time and battery link voltage are inversely proportional to.
Referring to Fig. 3, be used to protect the chip of battery to comprise in the present embodiment: switch control module 301 and time control module 302.
The power end of switch control module 301 is used to connect charge power supply, and the input voltage of power end representes that with VINP VINP representes power end simultaneously.The battery link of switch control module 301 is used to connect battery, and the voltage of battery link representes that with VBAT VBAT representes the battery link simultaneously.Switch control module 301 is used to control UNICOM or the disconnection of power end to the path between the battery link.
The time control module 302 that is connected with switch control module is used to control the time that said path breaks off, and this time and battery link voltage are inversely proportional to.
Concrete, referring to shown in Figure 4, switch control module 301 comprises: trigger 401, first comparator (CC-CMP) 402, first control switch 403, second control switch 404 and inductance coil 405.
Two inputs of trigger 401 connect the output of first comparator 402 and time control module 302 respectively, and the output of trigger 401 connects the control end of first control switch 403 and second control switch 404 and the input of connect hours control module 302.Trigger 401 is used for sending first control signal to first control switch 403 and second control switch 404, makes 403 conductings of first control switch, and second control switch 404 breaks off; Thereby make power end VINP to the path UNICOM between the battery link VBAT; And under the triggering of first comparator 402, send second control signal, first control switch 403 is broken off to first control switch 403 and second control switch 404; 404 conductings of second control switch; Thereby power end VINP is broken off to the path between the battery link VBAT, send second control signal to time control module 302 simultaneously, triggered time control module 302 picks up counting; And when the triggering signal of time of receipt (T of R) control module 302, send first control signal to first control switch 403 and second control switch 404.Preferable, trigger 401 is a rest-set flip-flop, and two inputs are R and S end, and output is the Q end.
First comparator 402; Its negative input connects the link of first control switch 403 and second control switch 404, and connects inductance coil 405, and electrode input end is used to import the first preset threshold voltage; Be used to detect power end VINP to the path between the battery link VBAT voltage whether greater than the first preset threshold voltage; When greater than first threshold voltage, send triggering signal to trigger 401, send second control signal to trigger trigger 401.
First control switch, 403 control ends are connected with trigger 401, and to the path between the battery link VBAT, conducting when being used to receive first control signal is broken off when receiving second control signal at power end VINP for two links.Preferable, first control switch 403 is the P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe.
Second control switch, 404 control ends are connected with trigger, and two links break off conducting when receiving second control signal when being used to receive first control signal on the path between earth terminal GND and the battery link VBAT.Preferable, second control switch 404 is a N channel field-effect pipe.
Inductance coil 405 at power end VINP to the path between the battery link VBAT.
Switch control module 301 also comprises: pressure limiting unit 406 between the power end VINP and first comparator 402, is used to first comparator 401 first threshold voltage is provided.Preferable, pressure limiting unit 406 is a FET, and conducting resistance is greater than the conducting resistance of first control switch 403.The output of pressure limiting unit 406 can also be connected with earth terminal GND through a resistance R 1.
The battery link VBAT of switch control module 301 can also be connected with earth terminal GND through capacitor C 1, raises or reduction with the voltage instantaneous that prevents battery link VBAT.
For example, the S of trigger 401 end is to Q end output low level signal (i.e. first control signal), then 403 conductings of first control switch and 404 disconnections of second control switch.Simultaneously, the Q of trigger 401 end sends low level signal (i.e. first control signal) to time control module 302, and this moment, time control module 302 was not-time.
After 403 conductings of first control switch and second control switch 404 broke off, under the effect of power end VINP, the voltage of inductance coil 405 raise gradually, and the voltage LX of the negative input of first comparator 402 also raises gradually.Simultaneously, under the effect of power end VINP, pressure limiting unit 406 is that first comparator 402 provides the first threshold voltage Ipeak_ref.When the voltage of inductance coil 405 is higher than the first threshold voltage Ipeak_ref; When just inductive current has risen to peak current Ipeak; First comparator 402 sends triggering signal (like high level signal) to the R of trigger 401 end, to trigger trigger 401 set.
Then the Q of trigger 401 end output high level signal (i.e. second control signal) breaks off and 404 conductings of second control switch first control switch 403.First control switch 403 breaks off and after 404 conductings of second control switch, the voltage of inductance coil 405 reduces gradually.
Simultaneously, the Q of trigger 401 end sends high level signal EN (i.e. second control signal) to time control module 302, and this moment, time control module 302 picked up counting.The voltage of the voltage input end of time control module 302 is directly proportional with cell voltage, along with the voltage of inductance coil 405 reduces and reduces.When the voltage of inductance coil 405 dropped to minimum point, time control module 302 was sent triggering signal (like low level signal) to the S of trigger 401 end, reset to trigger trigger 401.Then the S of trigger 401 end carries out next cycle period to Q end output low level signal (i.e. first control signal).
Internal structure to time control module 302 describes in detail below.
Referring to Fig. 5, time control module 302 comprises in the present embodiment: electric capacity 501, current limliting unit 502, discharge and recharge control unit 503 and second comparator (CMP) 504.The input of current limliting unit 502 is connected with battery link VBAT, and output OUTPUT is connected with electric capacity 501.The control end EN that discharges and recharges control unit 503 is connected with the Q end of trigger 401, and two links are connected the two ends of electric capacity 501.The negative input of second comparator 504 is connected with current limliting unit 502 with electric capacity 501, and output is connected with the S end of trigger 401.
Electric capacity 501 is between current limliting unit 502 and earth terminal GND.
Current limliting unit 502 is connected with battery link VBAT, and being used for provides the electric current that is directly proportional with battery link VBAT voltage to electric capacity 501.
Discharge and recharge control unit 503 and be used for control capacitance 501 chargings when receiving second control signal, and control capacitance 501 discharges when receiving first control signal.Preferable, discharging and recharging control unit 503 and be the P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe, control end is connected with the control signal output ends (Q end) of switch control module 301, and two links connect the two ends of electric capacity 501 respectively.
Second comparator 504 is used for the voltage difference at electric capacity 501 two ends and preset second threshold voltage VREF are compared, and when greater than the second threshold voltage VREF, sends triggering signals to switch control module 301.
Preferable, current limliting unit 502 comprises: current mirror 5021 and resistance 5022.
Current mirror 5021 comprises first tie point and second tie point, and second tie point is connected with electric capacity 501, and the mirror image ratio is 1: 1.Preferable, current mirror 5021 comprises two N channel field-effect pipe M2 and M3, first tie point and second tie point are respectively a link of two N channel field-effect pipes.Wherein, by operating voltage end VDD voltage is provided.
Resistance 5022 is between first tie point and earth terminal GND of current mirror 5021, and the end that resistance 5022 is connected with first tie point of current mirror 5021 also is connected with battery link VBAT.
For the input voltage that obtains slowly to change, current limliting unit 502 also comprises: buffer (BUF) 5023 and the 3rd control switch 5024.
Buffer 5023, its electrode input end connect battery link VBAT, and negative input connects the end that resistance 5022 is connected with first tie point of current mirror 5021, and output connects the 3rd control switch 5024.
The 3rd control switch 5024, its control end is connected with buffer 5023, and two links are between first tie point and resistance 5022 of current mirror 5021.
If the input voltage of current limliting unit 502 is directly proportional with battery link voltage; This ratio is represented with K; Especially K is not 1 o'clock; Current limliting unit 502 also comprises: bleeder circuit between the electrode input end and battery link VBAT of buffer 5023, is used for converting the cell voltage that obtains into voltage division signal and exports to buffer 5023.Bleeder circuit can be realized by divider resistance.
For example, when the control end EN that discharges and recharges control unit 503 receives low level signal (i.e. first control signal),, make electric capacity 501 discharges as the FET conducting that discharges and recharges control unit 503.Then the voltage of the negative input of second comparator 504 is lower than the voltage of electrode input end, that is to say that the voltage of electric capacity 501 is lower than the second threshold voltage VREF.
When the control end EN that discharges and recharges control unit 503 receives high level signal (i.e. second control signal), break off, make electric capacity 501 chargings as the FET that discharges and recharges control unit 503.At this moment, the electric current of resistance 5022 place branch roads is KVBAT/R2, and R2 is the resistance of resistance 5022.This moment, the electric current of branch road was directly proportional with cell voltage VBAT.Make the electric current of electric capacity 501 place branch roads also be KVBAT/R2 through current mirror 5021, and be electric capacity 501 chargings with this electric current, charging interval Toff and this electric current are inversely proportional to, and then charging interval Toff and cell voltage VBAT are inversely proportional to.When the voltage of electric capacity 501 was higher than the second threshold voltage VREF, second comparator 504 was to the S of trigger 401 end output triggering signal (like low level signal).The control end EN that discharges and recharges control unit 503 can receive low level signal (i.e. first control signal) again, gets into next cycle period.
The embodiment of the invention is controlled power end to the time that the path between the battery link breaks off through designing a time control module that is connected with switch control module, and this time and battery link voltage are inversely proportional to.A plurality of devices in the embodiment of the invention all adopt FET, have stable good and advantage of high precision, and energy consumption is low and be easy to integratedly, simple in structure, can simplify technological process.Omit the inductance coil that is connected with chip shown in Figure 1 simultaneously, thereby simplified the wiring of PCB (printed circuit board (PCB)).
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, belong within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof if of the present invention these are revised with modification, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.

Claims (11)

1. a chip that is used to protect battery is characterized in that, comprising:
Switch control module is used to control UNICOM or the disconnection of power end to the path between the battery link;
The time control module that is connected with switch control module is used to control the time that said path breaks off, and this time and battery link voltage are inversely proportional to.
2. chip as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that switch control module comprises:
Trigger is used for sending first control signal to first control switch and second control switch, makes the first control switch conducting; Second control switch breaks off, thereby makes power end to the path UNICOM between the battery link, and under the triggering of first comparator; Send second control signal to first control switch and second control switch; First control switch is broken off, the second control switch conducting, thus power end is broken off to the path between the battery link; Send second control signal to time control module simultaneously; The triggered time control module picks up counting, and when the triggering signal of time of receipt (T of R) control module, sends first control signal to first control switch and second control switch;
First comparator is used to detect power end voltage to the path between the battery link and when greater than first threshold voltage, sends triggering signal to trigger whether greater than the first preset threshold voltage, sends second control signal to trigger trigger;
First control switch, control end is connected with trigger, and to the path between the battery link, conducting when being used to receive first control signal is broken off when receiving second control signal at power end for two links;
Second control switch, control end is connected with trigger, and two links break off conducting when receiving second control signal when being used to receive first control signal on the path between earth terminal and the battery link;
Inductance coil, at power end to the path between the battery link.
3. chip as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, first control switch is the P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe; Second control switch is a N channel field-effect pipe.
4. chip as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that switch control module also comprises: the pressure limiting unit between the power end and first comparator, is used to first comparator first threshold voltage is provided.
5. chip as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the pressure limiting unit is a FET, and conducting resistance is greater than the conducting resistance of first control switch.
6. chip as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that time control module comprises:
Electric capacity is between current limliting unit and earth terminal;
The current limliting unit is connected with the battery link, is used for to electric capacity the electric current that is directly proportional with battery link voltage being provided;
Discharge and recharge control unit, be used for control capacitance charging when receiving second control signal;
Second comparator is used for the voltage difference at electric capacity two ends and preset second threshold voltage ratio when greater than second threshold voltage, sending triggering signal to switch control module.
7. chip as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, discharging and recharging control unit is the P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe, and control end is connected with the control signal output ends of switch control module, and two links connect the two ends of electric capacity respectively.
8. chip as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the current limliting unit comprises:
Current mirror comprises first tie point and second tie point, and second tie point is connected with electric capacity, and the mirror image ratio is 1: 1;
Resistance, between first tie point and earth terminal of current mirror, the end that resistance is connected with first tie point of current mirror also is connected with the battery link.
9. chip as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the current limliting unit also comprises:
Buffer, its electrode input end connects the battery link, and negative input connects the end that resistance is connected with first tie point of current mirror, and output connects the 3rd control switch;
The 3rd control switch, its control end is connected with buffer, and two links are between first tie point and resistance of current mirror.
10. chip as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the current limliting unit also comprises: bleeder circuit between the electrode input end and battery link of buffer, is used for converting the cell voltage that obtains into voltage division signal and exports to buffer.
11. a printing board PCB is characterized in that, comprises like each described chip in the claim 1 to 10.
CN201110422526.5A 2011-12-15 2011-12-15 Chip for protecting battery and printed circuit board (PCB) Active CN102570407B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1677788A (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-10-05 索尼株式会社 Battery, battery protection processing device and control method
JP2006351384A (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-28 Renesas Technology Corp Charging control system
CN101179198A (en) * 2006-11-08 2008-05-14 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 Synchronous commutation type battery charging circuit and protective circuit thereof
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Address after: 214028 Jiangsu New District of Wuxi, Taihu international science and Technology Park Jia Qing 530 building 10 layer

Patentee after: WUXI ZHONGGAN MICROELECTRONIC CO., LTD.

Address before: 214028 Jiangsu New District of Wuxi, Taihu international science and Technology Park Jia Qing 530 building 10 layer

Patentee before: Wuxi Vimicro Co., Ltd.