Self-hold over-current protection device
Technical field
The present invention relates to self-hold over-current protection device, especially one relates to bimetal leaf and PTC simultaneously
Element, and realize self-healing circuit protection device after holding self-locking state and Failure elimination when can realize fault.
Background technology
Overheated overcurrent protective device is installed in circuit, when circuit abnormality duty occurs, cuts off or limiting circuit
Electric current, play the effect of protection circuit.For this protection device, a kind of intended effect keeps self-locking when being to realize fault
After state and Failure elimination can self-recoverage, thus realize intelligentized protection.In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, in protection device
Relate to bimetal leaf simultaneously and PTC-element has become a kind of known technology.Further, send out along with the miniaturization of electronics industry
Exhibition trend, also requires that the circuit protection device of miniaturization.Meanwhile, as safety guard, it is desirable to itself function has height
Reliability and stability.
Patent JP 2005203277 (A) proposes a kind of miniaturization simultaneously relating to bimetal leaf and PTC-element
Circuit protection device.In that patent, ceramic PTC element is arranged on below bimetal leaf, and movable electrode is arranged on bimetal leaf
Top.In normal operation, electric current passes sequentially through upper terminal, movable electrode, movable contact, stationary contact, lower terminal.In exception
When duty occurs, bimetal leaf action, thus drive movable electrode displacement, make movable contact and stationary contact be separated from each other.Electricity
Stream passes sequentially through upper terminal, movable electrode, bimetal leaf, ceramic PTC element, lower terminal.For foregoing circuit protection device, I
Notice, bimetal leaf, when kick deformation, can produce bigger deformation elastic force, ceramic PTC element is arranged on bimetallic
Below sheet, it is thus well known that, owing to ceramic PTC element is the most crisp, PTC-element during bimetal leaf action, may be smashed, when PTC unit
When part is damaged, circuit protection device can be caused to lose self-preservation, and (i.e. before failture evacuation, circuit protection device is protected all the time
Hold guard mode), thus can not effectively play a protective role.On the other hand, PTC-element is arranged on below bimetal leaf,
Movable electrode is arranged on above bimetal leaf, bimetal leaf generation action after current pass sequentially through movable electrode, bimetal leaf,
PTC-element this circuit design pattern, indicates in JP 2001035330 (A) because bimetal leaf surface is former due to oxidation etc.
Thus there is bad configuration of surface and also have the highest resistance, when contacting with PTC resistor face, stability is not enough, also exists
After bimetal leaf action, PTC-element can not flow through the probability suitably adding thermocurrent, consequently, it is possible to cause the inefficacy of protection.
JP 2002056755 (A) discloses the circuit protection device of a kind of band bimetal leaf.In this device, exit exists
Movable electrode directly leads out, and is stretched out by upper-lower casing weld seam.This makes, when the pulling force being carried in exit two ends is bigger, to deposit
Pull out from moulding housing at movable electrode, thus cause the risk that sound contact departs from.Meanwhile, exit extension
The easy poor sealing in upper-lower casing commissure, the easier entrance intracavity such as steam, electrolyte, thus cause oxidation, short circuit etc.
Problem.In JP 2005203277 (A), exit is embedded in plastic casing, movable electrode again with exit to being connected, simultaneously
In order to strengthen, use sheet metal to strengthen (see figure 3) in upper casing, solve the problems referred to above, but it is more to there are parts, processing system
Make more complicated problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiency of above-mentioned existence, present invention aim at proposing a kind of structure and simplify, be easy to the self-insurance of processing and fabricating
Hold type overcurrent protection, designed by the improvement of circuit theory and the optimization of Structural assignments, strengthen device protection circuit
Stability.
Another object of the present invention is, by the change of exit connecting portion, the pulling force solving exit two ends breaks
The problem that the reliability that bad and seal failure causes reduces.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem and is adopted the technical scheme that: a kind of self-hold over-current protection device,
Comprise plastic casing, can disjunction circuit, PTC-element, four parts of bimetallic element, wherein:
1) described in can disjunction circuit in series by movable electrode, movable contact, stationary contact and fixed electrode;
2) hollow cavity that the plastic casing described in is formed is separated into two cavitys side by side, and a cavity places PTC-element
Bimetal leaf is placed with another cavity;
3) PTC-element described in is that current-carrying type is installed, and can disjunction circuit in parallel;
4) bimetal leaf described in is that non-current-carrying type is installed, and self is not connected into circuit, for can the disjunction of disjunction circuit and leading
Logical offer driving force, in normal operation, the parallel circuit that electric current is made up of sound contact and PTC-element flows through;Different
When reason condition occurs, when bi-metal plate deformed, bring the displacement of movable electrode, thus cut off can disjunction circuit, work as bimetallic
During sheet recoverable force, the displacement of movable electrode recovers, thus can disjunction circuit turn-on;
5) normal temperature resistance of the PTC-element described in is can the resistance of disjunction circuit no less than 100 times.
Said structure simplifies, is easy to processing and fabricating, and PTC-element will not be damaged by the elastic force produced during bimetal leaf action,
And the thermal resistance that adds being made up of PTC-element is not connected into circuit by bimetal leaf and brings and affected, thus enhance device and protect
The stability of protection circuit.
On the basis of such scheme, in the cavity of described placement bimetal leaf, it is provided with a boss.
On the basis of such scheme, described plastic casing has upper shell and lower house, is embedded with one on upper shell
Sheet metal, has a platform to lower process, lower house and fixed electrode to be combined into an entirety, in lower house above sheet metal
Cavity body is divided into two parts, places cavity one and the fixed electrode electric insulation of bimetal leaf, this chamber central have one to
The platform of upper process, bimetal leaf covers on boss.
On the basis of such scheme, sheet metal and an exit of the embedding of described upper shell are mutually integrated, and movable electrode and
This sheet metal forms electrical contact.
On the basis of such scheme, pass through to weld between the sheet metal that described movable electrode embeds with upper shell to be joined directly together
Or connected by plating brush noble metal plating contact.
On the basis of such scheme, described movable electrode is provided with on two fixed-wings, and fixed-wing and is provided with two
Kick, forms Elastic Contact with PTC-element during installation.
Concrete, in normal operation, the movable contact on movable terminal and the stationary contact phase mutual connection on fixed electrode
Touch, can disjunction circuit turn-on, with PTC-element formed parallel circuit, flow through the most driven stationary contact of electric current and the PTC-element of device
Flow through.Simultaneously as the normal temperature resistance of PTC-element be far longer than can the resistance of disjunction circuit, such as, more than at least 100 times, more
Excellent, more than 1000 times, the overwhelming majority of electric current passes sequentially through movable electrode, movable contact, stationary contact, fixed electrode outflow, only
The electric current having small part flows out through movable electrode, PTC-element, fixed electrode.When crossing stream or overheated generation, bimetal leaf
Buckling deformation occurs, and bimetal leaf contacts with movable electrode and brings the displacement of movable electrode, so that movable contact and stationary contact
Point is separated from each other, and the whole of electric current flowing through device sequentially pass through movable electrode, PTC-element, fixed electrode outflow.Now, PTC
Critesistor can rapid action and present high-impedance state and produce heat, maintain bimetal leaf to be maintained at inverted status, until fault
Get rid of circuit to turn on voluntarily.
The present invention uses technique scheme, has the advantage that
1, bimetal leaf and PTC-element design placed side by side, it is to avoid device during life-time service, bimetal leaf
The probability of PTC-element is smashed when action.
2, bimetal leaf is not connected into circuit and bimetal leaf action after current directly by the design of PTC-element, it is to avoid
Bimetal leaf impact causes can not flowing through in PTC the probability of suitable electric current.
3, device exit is mutually the most integrated with upper casing sheet metal, and movable electrode forms electrical contact with upper casing sheet metal
Design, it is to avoid the risk that the reliability that the tensile failure at exit two ends and seal failure cause reduces, and structure simplifies, just
In processing.
The existence of above advantage, improves the reliability of device protection circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the side cutaway view before self-hold over-current protection device embodiment one action according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the axonometric chart of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment one according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the side cutaway view after the action of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment one according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the side view of the movable electrode of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment one according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the stress after the installation of self-hold over-current protection device embodiment one movable electrode according to the present invention
Analysis chart;
Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment two according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the side cutaway view of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment two according to the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the rear pseudosection that the PTC-element according to the present invention is installed.
Label declaration in figure:
1 upper shell;2 lower houses;3 sheet metals;
4 times convex flat platforms;5 fixed electrodes;6 cavitys one;
7 epirelief platforms;8 bimetal leafs;9 cavitys two;
10 PTC-element;11 protruding points;12 baffle plates;
13 movable electrodes;14 locating dowels;15 hole, location.
16 exits;17 fixed-wings;18 lever arms;
19 hole, location;20 locating dowels;21 protruding points;
22 movable contacts;23 stationary contacts;24 salient points;
25 pads.
Detailed description of the invention:
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the side cutaway view of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment one according to the present invention.Fig. 2 is basis
The axonometric chart of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment one of the present invention.In diagram embodiment one, protection device comprises
One plastic casing, this plastic casing has upper shell 1 and 2 two parts of lower house.Upper shell is embedded with a sheet metal 3,
A platform 4 to lower process is had above sheet metal.Lower house and fixed electrode 5 are combined into an entirety, the cavity of lower house
Body is divided into two parts, cavity 1 and fixed electrode electric insulation, and chamber central has a platform 7 upwardly, bimetallic
Sheet 8 is placed in cavity one, covers on boss.Cavity 29 is interconnected with fixed electrode, wherein places PTC-element 10, Gu
Fixed electrode is provided with several protruding point 11 on the position of cavity two, contacts with the lower surface of PTC-element.Cavity one and cavity
Separated by a baffle plate 12 between two.Movable electrode 13 is placed on the surface of bimetal leaf and PTC-element.At upper shell and lower casing
Also there is on body locating dowel 14 and hole 15, location, lower house and upper shell cooperated by these locating dowels and hole, location.
In diagram embodiment one, in normal operation, bimetal leaf 8 does not contacts device with movable electrode 13,
State in cavity 1 is the most mobilizable.If circuit abnormal and when flowing through overcurrent, in sound contact
22, the temperature of movable electrode 13 can raise, and heat is conducted to bimetal leaf 8 through inner space, when a threshold temperature is reached,
Bimetal leaf 8 is made to activate (i.e. bimetal leaf 8 shape generation warped reversion).Another kind of situation, when device local environment temperature mistake
Time up to critical temperature, bimetal leaf 8 also can be made to activate.Result so that bimetal leaf 8 central part is in the boss of lower house
7 contact, and its edge is bent upwards and contacts with the salient point on movable electrode 13 and raise movable electrode, as shown in Figure 3.This
Process occurred within the extremely short time, common, within several microseconds.Within the time that this is extremely short, there is song in bimetal leaf 8
The elastic force sticking up deformation can bring bigger impulsive force.As the circuit protection device of self recovery, it is weight in circuit protection
Multiple use, i.e. mean during life-time service, bimetal leaf 8 can repeatedly occur actuated deformation and deformation to recover, thus
Cause impact repeatedly.And ceramic PTC element is the most crisp, especially when for device miniaturization requirement, the ceramic PTC unit of thinner thickness
Part is easy to damage in the process that is hit repeatedly.When PTC-element is damaged, circuit protection device can be caused to lose self-sustaining
Property (self-preservation refers to before failture evacuation, and circuit protection device can remain guard mode), thus can not be effective
Play a protective role.Therefore, bimetal leaf 8 and PTC-element 10 are the most independently placed in respective cavity and between by baffle plate
Separate, it is to avoid the impact that PTC-element is caused by this impulsive force, it is possible to increase device stability.Further, and discharge
The structural models put is also advantageous for reducing device size in a thickness direction.
Movable electrode comprises exit 16, fixed-wing 17,18 3 parts of lever arm.Set between exit and fixed-wing
Being equipped with hole 19, a location, this hole, location cooperates with the locating dowel 20 of lower house, to movable electrode position in the housing
Play location restriction effect, prevent to move forward and backward.The length of fixed-wing is slightly less than the width of lower house hollow cavity, both it
Between formed and closely cooperate.The existence of fixed-wing, plays location restriction effect, prevents a left side movable electrode position in the housing
Move right.Therefore, movable electrode position in lower house is fixed, and will not produce position by a relatively large margin because of disjunction action
Move.The position of fixed-wing, is arranged at the surface of PTC-element.In the both sides of fixed-wing, it is each provided with a protruding point 21,
After having assembled, this protruding point forms Elastic Contact with the upper surface of PTC-element.In the leading section of lever arm, it is provided with one and moves
Contact 22.This movable contact is connected with movable electrode by the way of welding or riveting.And fixed electrode is in movable electrode front end
On the position that portion is corresponding, being compounded with one layer of slider material, form a stationary contact 23, this stationary contact is compound or plating by lamination
Mode be connected with fixed electrode.Stationary contact and movable contact are formed and cooperate.
As shown in Figure 4, the lever arm part of movable electrode and fixed-wing part form the downward bending at a θ angle.This folding
Bending angle more than when after installation, lower house be fully depressed by time, the lever arm part of movable electrode and fixed-wing part are formed
Bending angle be α angle (see figure 5), and, it is preferred that more than 2 ~ 4 degree.Owing to this bending angle is more than the bending after installing
Angle, when in installation process, upper shell is not yet depressed, stationary contact and movable contact contact with each other, and between lever arm and fixed-wing
Part is higher than its mounting plane.Thus, when upper shell is depressed, the platform of upper casing sheet metal upper process and lever arm and fixed-wing
Between part contact, and to movable electrode produce pressure cause movable electrode to deform.When, after installation, lower house is complete
During pressure, the bending angle that the lever arm part of movable electrode is formed with fixed-wing part is α angle.Thus, at stationary contact with dynamic
Forming a kind of elastic pressure between contact, this elastic pressure maintains the close contact between stationary contact and movable contact, prevents dress
Put when in use suffering external impacts, the misoperation that stationary contact and movable contact surprisingly disengage and cause, improve device
The reliability of protection.Additionally, as shown in Figure 4, also comprising two downward salient points 24 above movable electrode, the two salient point exists
Bimetal leaf activate after, contact (see figure 3) with the upper surface of bimetal leaf, contribute to increase movable electrode displacement away from
From, thus increase the separate distance in sound contact, be conducive to increasing the electrical security of device.
Meanwhile, according to inventor at the research experience of above-mentioned protection device, in order to ensure PTC-element the most in circuit can
By property, a kind of Elastic Contact must be kept between PTC-element and electrode, especially when device is in action protection state.Cause
And, as shown in Figure 6, fixed electrode is provided with several protruding point on the position of cavity two, connects with the lower surface of PTC-element
Touch.In the both sides of fixed-wing, it is each provided with a protruding point, contacts with the upper surface of PTC-element.After completing assembling, by
In the deformation that movable electrode produces so that produce elastic pressure at the protruding point of fixed-wing with the upper surface of PTC-element, thus,
A kind of Elastic Contact can be kept between PTC-element and movable electrode, fixed electrode.When unusual condition occurs, and bimetal leaf moves
When making upwards to back down movable electrode, the deformation that movable electrode produces strengthens further, thus the protruding point of fixed-wing and PTC unit
Elastic pressure between the upper surface of part also can strengthen further, it is ensured that when device is in action protection state, PTC-element and electricity
A kind of Elastic Contact is remained between pole.
Self-hold over-current protection device shown in Fig. 1 install in circuit, due to PTC-element with can disjunction circuit mutually electric
Parallel connection, electric current is after the exit of movable electrode flows into, and through fixed-wing, a part is by movable electrode, movable contact, stationary contact
Point, fixed electrode flow out;A part is flowed out by PTC-element, fixed electrode.The electric current flowing through PTC-element can make PTC-element send out
Heat, consequently, it is possible to have a negative impact device, therefore, should reduce the electric current flowing through PTC-element as far as possible.Described from
Maintenance overcurrent protection, the normal temperature resistance of PTC-element be can more than at least 100 times of disjunction circuit, preferably
More than 1000 times.Therefore, can disjunction circuit disconnect before, the overwhelming majority electric current from flowing through by disjunction circuit, flow through PTC unit
The electric current of part can be ignored, because of without device is produced impact.
In diagram embodiment one, if circuit abnormal and when flowing through overcurrent, bimetal leaf activates.Another
The situation of kind, when device local environment temperature is too high, also can make bimetal leaf activate.As a result, bimetal leaf inverts, thus
Its central part is contacted in the boss of lower house, and its edge is bent upwards and contacts with the salient point on movable electrode and lift
High movable electrode, movable contact and stationary contact are separated from each other, i.e. electrical connection between the two is cut off.Therefore, can disjunction circuit with
In the parallel circuit that PTC-element is formed, disjunction state, all of current direction PTC-element, electric current stream can be changed into by disjunction circuit
The approach crossing device is changed into the exit of movable electrode, fixed-wing, PTC-element, fixed electrode.PTC-element is changed into
High temperature, high resistance state, substantially shut off the electric current flowing through device, play a protective role.Simultaneously as PTC-element and bimetallic
Sheet all contacts with movable electrode, and the heat of PTC-element is directly transmitted to bimetal leaf by this contact portion, bimetal leaf
Be maintained at operating state, and continue holding can disjunction circuit in disjunction state.In other words, in this self-hold overcurrent protection
In device, it is not necessary to switching electric current, and bimetal leaf is not the most connected into circuit, improves the reliability of action.
If crossing stream or overheated abnormal conditions eliminating, then the deformation of bimetal leaf recovers, and movable contact and stationary contact are mutual
Guan Bi, device returns to original state.Device can be reused.
Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart of the self-hold over-current protection device embodiment two according to the present invention.Fig. 7 is according to this
The side cutaway view of bright self-hold over-current protection device embodiment two.The exit 16 that device is one is directly and upper casing is golden
Belong to sheet 3 mutually integrated, and when upper shell is depressed, upper casing sheet metal produce pressure to movable electrode 13 and causes movable electrode to deform,
Thus between movable electrode and upper casing sheet metal, form electrical contact.Between movable electrode and upper casing sheet metal, (position 25) is passed through
Welding is joined directly together, or reduces contact resistance between the two by plating brush precious metal plating.Electric current from exit flow into after,
Through upper casing sheet metal, a part is flowed out by movable electrode, movable contact, stationary contact, fixed electrode;A part is by fixing
The wing, PTC-element, fixed electrode flow out.Movable electrode rigging position in the devices is formed by fixed-wing 17 and baffle plate 12
The cooperating to of cavity 29 determines.Mutually the most integrated with upper casing sheet metal, owing to upper casing sheet metal directly wraps by exit
Being embedded in and mould among housing, both bond strengths are bigger.When during using in exit two under tension, tensile property is also
More preferably.Avoiding when exit directly leads out from movable electrode, mould housing afterbody and be more easily damaged, movable electrode is from moulding housing
Middle pull-out, thus cause the risk that sound contact departs from.Meanwhile, can closely weld with surrounding between upper-lower casing, not deposit
Upper-lower casing commissure at exit extension, it is to avoid easy poor sealing cause steam, electrolyte etc. be easier to into
Enter intracavity, thus cause between bimetal leaf and contact oxidation, movable electrode and fixed electrode the problems such as short circuit.And structure letter
Change, it is simple to processing.
Meanwhile, the another one of this design it is critical that after assembling completes, the fixed-wing of movable electrode and upper casing
Leave gap between the sheet metal of body, do not contact with each other (see figure 8).Therefore, in device assembles, need bear pressure, as
Need the pressure being added between upper-lower casing during ultrasonic bonding, will not be directly transferred on PTC-element, thus prevent PTC unit
Part is destroyed.