CN102568842B - A kind of transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery and dedicated optical anode thereof - Google Patents
A kind of transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery and dedicated optical anode thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102568842B CN102568842B CN201210030513.8A CN201210030513A CN102568842B CN 102568842 B CN102568842 B CN 102568842B CN 201210030513 A CN201210030513 A CN 201210030513A CN 102568842 B CN102568842 B CN 102568842B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses the transparent DSSC of a kind of flexible double-sided and dedicated optical anode thereof.This DSSC, it comprise that light anode and interval relative with described smooth anode place to electrode, be filled into described smooth anode and to the electrolyte between electrode, be adsorbed in described smooth anode dye molecule and for encapsulating described smooth anode, to electrode and electrolytical transparent flexible substrate; Wherein, described smooth anode is the substrate of the zinc oxide nano-wire array of surface deposition zinc oxide nano-wire array or aluminium doping, and described substrate is the wire of surface passivation.The Making programme of described DSSC is simple, cost is low, this battery has good photoelectric respone at visible light wave range, can realize transparent two sides, and bending performance is good, and device is ultra-thin, be suitable as very much pad pasting to use, usage is flexible, can at construction window, the aspects such as vehicle glass use as pad pasting, and application prospect is very wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery and dedicated optical anode thereof.
Background technology
In order to solve energy problem, the exploitation of the novel solar battery that cheaper, performance is higher is continuing to carry out always.Dye solar cell due to its cheap manufacturing cost, higher conversion efficiency and the material that relies in the earth's crust abundance comparatively advantages of higher in whole world scientific research and practical application, obtain great development.Conventional dyes sensitized cells adopts the electrically conducting transparent work electrode substrates such as ITO or FTO mostly, and titanium dioxide absorbs sunlight as dye-sensitized layer.But because the distribution of phosphide element in the earth's crust forming ITO is less, also have its suppleness not strong, and face the obstacle of many development.In recent years, the DSSC of flexible substrate due to its good pliability, and is convenient to large area production and receives increasing concern.
2008, the human hairs such as Peking University Zou De spring understood a kind of dye-sensitized cell based on metallic fiber.Its major constituents is for forming work electrode with the thread matrix of conduction and sensitized semiconductor film, sensitized semiconductor film is the porous membrane structure be made up of the semiconductor particle that absorption sensitizing dyestuff bulk of molecule is different, and sensitized semiconductor film bag is attached to the thread matrix surface of conduction.By another metal platinum as to electrode.Two one metal wires are intertwined, thus form the dye-sensitized cell of wire-shaped.(Xing Fan, Zengze Chu, Fuzhi Wang, Chao Zhang, Lin Chen, Yanwei Tang, and Dechun Zou, Adv.Mater.2008,20,592) this kind of technique Problems existing is that work electrode cannot ensure with contacting of two one metal wires to electrode, and especially when bending, contact is not fine.And the winding of two metal electrodes will certainly stop effective absorption of light, can have a strong impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery like this.Another method uses the titania nanotube of titanium silk outgrowth as work electrode, metal platinum filament is to electrode, two one metal wires are encapsulated into one be full of in the glass tube of electrolyte, but the flexibility requirements of device cannot be realized like this, and be unfavorable for large-scale production.(Liu, Z.; Misra, M.ACS Nano 2010,4,2196-2200.) have recently emerged the titania nanotube that carbon nano-tube film is coated on the growth of titanium silk by a kind of utilization and prepare the method for single metal wire DSSC outward, but this kind of method needs additionally to carry out the preparation transfer of carbon nano-tube and the annex flow process such as coated, add cost of manufacture, and be not very high to the raising of efficiency.(Sen Zhang，Chunyan Ji，ZhuqiangBian，Runhua Liu，Xinyuan Xia，Daqin Yun，Luhui Zhang，Chunhui Huang，and AnyuanCao，Nano Lett.2011，11，3383-3387)
Summary of the invention
Light anode that an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of DSSC and preparation method thereof.
The light anode of DSSC provided by the present invention, it is the substrate of surface deposition zinc oxide nano-wire array or aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array, and described substrate is the wire of surface passivation.
Wherein, described wire comprises simple metal silk or stainless steel wire.Described simple metal silk specifically can be made up of any one metal following: gold, silver, copper, iron, tungsten and aluminium.The diameter of described metal material silk is 10-500 μm.
Prepare the method for the light anode of above-mentioned DSSC, comprise the steps:
1) surface passivating treatment is carried out to metal material silk, obtain the wire of surface passivation;
2) adopt chemical vapour deposition technique depositing zinc oxide nano-wire array or aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array on the wire of described surface passivation, obtain the light anode of described DSSC.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in carry out the method for surface passivating treatment to wire as follows: mixed solution wire being put into the concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide soaks 10-60 minute in 70-95 DEG C and get final product; The described concentrated sulfuric acid is the sulfuric acid solution of mass fraction 98%, and in described mixed liquor, the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is 4: 1-6: 1.
Above-mentioned steps 2) on the wire of surface passivation the concrete grammar of deposition of aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array as follows: the mixed-powder of zinc powder and alchlor is put into tube furnace according to the ratio of mass ratio 3: 1 and is heated to 600-800 DEG C, the argon gas passing into 100sccm is reacting gas as the oxygen of carrier gas, 2-8sccm, metal material silk is placed in gas downstream, deposits 4-10 minute and get final product.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flexibility and DSSC of transparent two sides and preparation method thereof.
DSSC provided by the present invention, it comprise that light anode prepared by the present invention and interval relative with described smooth anode place to electrode, be filled into described smooth anode and to the electrolyte between electrode, be adsorbed in described smooth anode dye molecule and for encapsulating described smooth anode, to electrode and electrolytical transparent flexible substrate.
Light anode in above-mentioned DSSC is usually relative with to electrode gap and arranged in parallel, and its spacing can be 10-50 μm.
The described wire that electrode specifically be can be to platinum filament or surperficial platinum plating, its diameter can be 10-500 μm.
Conventional transparent flexible substrate all can be used as encapsulating material of the present invention, specifically can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS).The thickness of described transparent flexible substrate can be 30-100 μm.
Described dye molecule and electrolyte are dye molecule conventional in existing DSSC and electrolyte.
The preparation method of DSSC described in the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) smooth anode provided by the invention is placed in dye molecule solution to soak, makes the abundant absorbing dye molecule of zinc oxide nano-wire array of the zinc oxide nano-wire array in light anode or aluminium doping;
2) dye molecule that its surface physics adsorbs is rinsed well by the light anode absolute ethyl alcohol after taking out process;
3) by light anode good for dye sensitization and to electrode package between Double-layered transparent flexible substrate, described smooth anode and to electrode relative and interval place;
4) electrolyte filling is rushed between Double-layered transparent flexible substrate, obtain described DSSC.
Double-faced flexible DSSC sample provided by the present invention open circuit voltage 0.5V under 1.5AM illumination, short-circuit current density 18mA/cm
2, spectral response range is from 450nm to 700nm.
The dedicated optical anode of novel two-sided printing opacity flexible dye-sensitized solar battery provided by the invention, its preparation method is easy, adopt the zinc powder of nature enrichment as raw material, the preparation of zinc oxide nano-wire array can be realized on various wire, greatly reduce cost of manufacture.Adopt transparent flexible substrate to described smooth anode and encapsulate electrode, achieve real flexibility function, in bending situation, photovoltaic performance does not obviously decline.Due to the preparation technology of uniqueness, very easily realize the large-scale industrial production of volume to volume.Device transparent two sides, device is ultra-thin, and be suitable as very much pad pasting and use, usage is flexible, can at construction window, and the aspects such as vehicle glass use as pad pasting, and application prospect is very wide.
Transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery provided by the invention, compared with the existing DSSC based on wire outer cladding titania slurry or nanotube, has following outstanding advantage:
1) the present invention utilizes the zinc oxide nano-wire array above deposited at wire (as stainless steel) as the light anode of dye-sensitized cell, extends the specific area of light anode greatly.Because nano-wire array arrangement is regular, in extremely wide spectral region, show extremely low reflectivity.Zinc oxide, compared with the titanium dioxide photo anode extensively adopted at present, has higher electron mobility and low recombination rate, and easily in various wire-shaped Grown preparation, obtains the good nano-wire array of crystal mass, and applicability is wider, more easily realizes.Be different from present conventional titania slurry or nanotube as light anode, there is no bibliographical information at present;
2) the present invention is by work electrode be encapsulated in the substrate of transparent flexible to the wire of electrode, has achieved truly transparent flexible dye-sensitized cell.Can use as individual devices.Due to the speciality of its all-transparent, unique two-sided absorption light can be realized.Advantageously in architectural use, realize the outer luminous energy of absorption chamber on daytime, luminous energy in night absorption chamber.
3) speed of depositing zinc oxide nano-wire array of the present invention is fast, and due to the carrier of deposition be stainless steel micron silk, be conducive to using volume to volume technique to carry out rapid, high volume production.Basic construction unit due to battery is wire and metal platinum filament, can simple realization plane net trellis solar cell, thus greatly improves the efficiency utilizing solar energy.
4) double-faced flexible DSSC of the present invention has very thin thickness, can be convenient to use as adhering film to glass, as building or automobile adhesive film, can be convenient to the application of universal solar cell in old local-style dwelling houses.
5) the inventive method is simple, and cost is low, and repeatability very well.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device architecture schematic diagram of novel two-sided printing opacity flexible dye-sensitized solar battery provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the photo in kind of the present invention's novel two-sided printing opacity flexible dye-sensitized solar battery.
Fig. 3 is at the electron scanning micrograph of the complete zinc oxide nano-wire array of stainless steel wire surface deposition (left side) with zinc oxide nano-wire array (right side).
Fig. 4 is that after carrying out dye sensitization to zinc oxide nano-wire array, the transmission electron microscope photo of the single zinc oxide nanowire of taking-up, wherein a left side is macrograph, and the right side is high power photo.
Fig. 5 is the external quantum efficiency response curve of transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery current/voltage response curve under 1.5AM illumination prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery prepared by the present invention is its bending performance of displaying.
Fig. 8 is the transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery prepared of the present invention at the two-sided photovoltaic performance added under light.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Experimental technique described in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method; Described reagent and material, if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Embodiment 1, prepare double-faced flexible DSSC
1) metal platinum filament (diameter is 40 microns) and stainless steel wire (diameter is 50 microns) are put into the mixed solution that the concentrated sulfuric acid (mass fraction 98%) and hydrogen peroxide volume ratio are 4: 1 and soak 30 minutes in 95 DEG C, remove surface organic matter, use deionized water rinsing again three times, obtain the metal platinum filament of surface passivation and the stainless steel wire of surface passivation.
2) the method deposition of aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is adopted on the stainless steel wire surface of surface passivation; Concrete grammar is: the mixed-powder (mass ratio 3: 1) of zinc powder and alchlor is put into tube furnace and is heated to 700 DEG C of argon gas passing into 100sccm as carrier gas, the oxygen of 8sccm is reacting gas, stainless steel wire is in gas downstream, and sedimentation time is 5 minutes.
3) stainless steel wire of deposition of aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array is soaked 10 minutes under 50 DEG C of conditions in N719 ethanolic solution (0.5mM), make the abundant absorbing dye molecule of aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array;
4) take out stainless steel wire absolute ethyl alcohol the dye molecule that its surface physics adsorbs is rinsed well;
5) by parallel with the platinum filament of surface passivation for the stainless steel wire depositing aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array good for dye sensitization near, spacing is 10 microns, between Double-layered transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics being encapsulated into 80 micron thickness with double faced adhesive tape (300LSE, 3M);
6) acetonitrile solution of 0.5M lithium iodide, 0.5M iodine, 0.05M lithium perchlorate and 0.5M tetra-tert pyridine is filled with as electrolyte rush between double-layer PET film, thus achieve assembling and the sealing-in of whole battery.
Above-mentioned steps 2) electron scanning micrograph of zinc oxide nano-wire array that adulterates of the zinc oxide nano-wire array of stainless steel wire surface deposition aluminium doping that obtains and aluminium is as shown in Figure 3.As shown in Figure 3, aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array achieves perfect all standing on stainless steel wire surface, and the length of aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire is 2.4 μm, and aluminium-doped zinc oxide resilient coating is 1.3 μm.
After carrying out dye sensitization to zinc oxide nano-wire array, the transmission electron microscope photo of the single zinc oxide nanowire of taking-up as shown in Figure 4.As shown in Figure 4, zinc oxide nanowire has perfectly monocrystalline, and dye molecule is even in zinc oxide nanowire surface distributed, and thickness is 2nm.
The photoelectric properties of prepared transparent two sides flexible dye-sensitized solar battery are tested, Fig. 5 is the external quantum efficiency response curve of the DSSC using internal quantum efficiency test macro (Yi Guang scientific & technical corporation) to measure, the absorption region of DSSC is 450nm to 650nm as shown in Figure 5, and absworption peak is near 525nm.
Fig. 6 is DSSC current/voltage response curve under 1.5AM illumination, and DSSC open circuit voltage under 1.5AM illumination is 0.545V as shown in Figure 6, short-circuit current density 6.3mA/cm
2.
Fig. 7 is the photovoltaic performance under DSSC bending, as shown in Figure 7, DSSC device of the present invention performance under different bending degrees is not affected substantially, or even when bending 107 degree, the photovoltaic performance of device does not all change.
Fig. 8 is DSSC at the two-sided photovoltaic performance added under light.Add light from front and back, device can make substantially identical response.When two sides is simultaneously by illumination time, the open circuit voltage of device is constant, and short circuit current increases twice.
Claims (5)
1. a DSSC, it comprise that light anode and interval relative with described smooth anode place to electrode, be filled into described smooth anode and to the electrolyte between electrode, be adsorbed in described smooth anode dye molecule and for encapsulating described smooth anode, to electrode and electrolytical transparent flexible substrate;
Described smooth anode is the substrate of surface deposition zinc oxide nano-wire array or aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array, and described substrate is the wire of surface passivation;
Described smooth anode is relative with to electrode gap and arranged in parallel, and spacing is 10-50 μm; Described is the wire of platinum filament or surperficial platinum plating to electrode, and its diameter is 10-500 μm;
The wire of described surface passivation is simple metal silk or stainless steel wire; Described simple metal silk is made up of any one metal following: gold, silver, copper, iron, tungsten and aluminium;
Described smooth anode prepares according to the method comprised the steps:
1) surface passivating treatment is carried out to metal material silk, obtain the wire of surface passivation;
2) adopt chemical vapour deposition technique depositing zinc oxide nano-wire array or aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array on the wire of described surface passivation, obtain the light anode of described DSSC;
Step 1) in carry out the method for surface passivating treatment to wire as follows: mixed solution metal material silk being put into the concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide soaks 10-60 minute in 70-95 DEG C and get final product; The described concentrated sulfuric acid is the sulfuric acid solution of mass fraction 98%, and in described mixed liquor, the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is 4:1-6:1;
Step 2) on the wire of surface passivation the method for deposition of aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array as follows: the mixed-powder of zinc powder and alchlor is put into tube furnace according to the ratio of mass ratio 3:1 and is heated to 600-800 DEG C, the argon gas passing into 100sccm is reacting gas as the oxygen of carrier gas, 2-8sccm, metal material silk is placed in gas downstream, deposits 4-10 minute and get final product.
2. DSSC according to claim 1, is characterized by: the diameter of described metal material silk is 10-500 μm.
3. DSSC according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described transparent flexible substrate is polyethylene terephthalate or dimethyl silicone polymer, and the thickness of described transparent flexible substrate is 30-100 μm.
4. prepare the method for arbitrary described DSSC in claim 1-3, comprise the steps:
1) described smooth anode is placed in dye molecule solution to soak, makes the zinc oxide nano-wire array in light anode or the abundant absorbing dye molecule of aluminum doped zinc oxide nano-wire array;
2) dye molecule that its surface physics adsorbs is rinsed well by the light anode absolute ethyl alcohol after taking out process;
3) by light anode good for dye sensitization and to electrode package between Double-layered transparent flexible substrate, described smooth anode and to electrode relative and interval place;
4) electrolyte filling is rushed between Double-layered transparent flexible substrate, obtain described DSSC.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: step 3) described in be platinum filament or plated surface platinum silk to electrode, its diameter is 10-500 μm;
Described to light anode described in electrode and to the opposing parallel arrangement of electrode gap, spacing is 10-500 μm;
Step 4) described in transparent flexible substrate be polyethylene terephthalate or dimethyl silicone polymer, the thickness of described transparent flexible substrate is 30-100 μm.
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| CN1851937A (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2006-10-25 | 武汉科技学院 | Solar cell flexible counter electrode preparing method |
| CN102290249A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-12-21 | 苏州恒久光电科技股份有限公司 | Light anode of flexible dye sensitized nano crystalline organic photovoltaic cell and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102290249A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-12-21 | 苏州恒久光电科技股份有限公司 | Light anode of flexible dye sensitized nano crystalline organic photovoltaic cell and preparation method thereof |
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| 柔性染料敏化太阳电池;杨丽;《化学进展》;20091031;全文 * |
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