CN102566408A - Calibration system for satellite clock and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Calibration system for satellite clock and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the calibration of a satellite clock, and discloses a calibration system for a satellite clock and a calibration method of the system. The calibration system comprises a satellite clock source, a satellite measuring and controlling system, a satellite load system, a ground measuring and controlling station, a ground application station and a clock error fitting server. The calibration method comprises the following steps: 1) compiling a satellite program control operation sheet and loading to a satellite; 2) executing program control operation; 3) generating load data; 4) downloading load data; 5) analyzing the load data to calculate current UTC (Coordinated Universal Time); and 6) carrying out clock data fitting, and giving a corresponding relation between satellite time and the UTC. According to the calibration system for a satellite clock and the calibration method, the current problem that only satellite clock source precision is blindly improved to cause the complicated design of the satellite clock system and a control system, but the improvement effect of the practical working precision is not obvious can be solved. The working precision of the satellite is economically and reliably improved with a large-system closed loop feedback method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the calibration system of satellite clock, the invention still further relates to the calibration steps of this satellite clock calibration system.
Background technology
Clock on the artificial satellite has one and is not named as " location clock ", just, under the condition of the accurate track of known satellite, according to satellite time tag in a flash, can confirm the image that satellite is gathered from the earth or the exact position of data.The flying speed of earth artificial satellite is greatly about about 8 kilometers of per seconds, and when 1 millisecond of clock error, bearing accuracy is 8 meters.Hence one can see that, improve the remote sensing image data bearing accuracy, just needs to improve the precision of clock.
At present, on the satellite in order to the method that improves clock accuracy mainly through using the clock source of expensive high precision high stability degree, such as with rubidium clock, caesium clock, hydrogen clock replacement crystal oscillator; This just need be on satellite logic and software during the school of complex design, when concentrating the school, evenly during the school, during the GPS school etc. during the combination school.When concentrating the school, evenly calibration method needs more manual intervention, satellite-control station need often carry out that the star ground time difference is detected and the remote control notes several during to the school parameter adjust.Though more preceding several method is simple during the GPS school; But high orbit satellite; Satellite can't obtain gps data; Thereby can not use the GPS calibration method, and, cause present GPS receiving system still very unreliable because GPS is needed satellite GPS receiver is carried out relative set by situation such as the U.S.'s its constellation adjustment of control.Time check and correction is near the UTC time on the operation handlebar star during star colonel, and this method has caused the discontinuous of time on the star.All to carry out complex judging when causing equipment relevant on the star that temporal information is handled, occur when preventing on the star time saltus step forward or backward that the equipment work sequential is chaotic, instruction is omitted and carried out, problems such as conflict are carried out in instruction with the time.Increase complexity for the design of on-board equipment, reduced the reliability of satellite.
The degree of accuracy of rubidium clock, caesium clock, these atomic clocks of hydrogen clock, degree of stability no doubt improve 3,4 one magnitude than crystal oscillator; But its price is also very expensive; And mostly these atomic clocks are sinusoidal wave radio frequency interface; Than the OC door pulse signal complex interfaces of crystal oscillator, and atomic clock has proposed higher requirement to the thermal control aspect of satellite.Moreover atomic clock has only improved the degree of accuracy of spaceborne clock, and does not manage to reduce the error that satellite control system is carried out load operation control according to clock on the star, and the overall operation control accuracy of its satellite still can't guarantee.
Above-mentioned these improve the method for clock accuracy, exist apparent in view deficiency.The satellite clock calibration steps of a kind of unity feedback ground match clock that the present invention proposes can change these deficiencies.This method is to carry out the sign that information is carried out the time on ground elapsed time, the star respectively to remote operation control information, operation; Through remote sensing images or data are carried out ground cover figure calibration; Star ground time difference ground data through tracking telemetry and command station records deposit clocking error match server in.Calculate time delays such as deducting star ground propagation delay time, ground receiving equipment system time delay by server, stochastic error is carried out the mathematics match,, thereby improved the satellite homework precision for the operation control of planning provides foundation opportunity.Like, the clock of family is fast 1 second every day, is not all need dial clock every day to proofread and correct, but after the readout clock data, when carrying out operation, postpones some times.
Do not have at present to find explanation or report, do not collect both at home and abroad similarly data as yet yet with similar techniques of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists; The time precision that the time precision of control load work effectively is provided and is used for the load target localization, and don't increase the complicacy that designs on the star, first scheme of the object of the invention; Be to provide a kind of calibration system of satellite clock; Utilize the present invention, not only improve the precision of clock alignment, and reduced the complicacy and the manufacturing cost of design.
In order to solve the deficiency of prior art; The alternative plan of the object of the invention; The calibration steps of above-mentioned satellite clock system also is provided, carries out the clock correcting method of big system time feedback closed loop through the temporal information of gathering in the load data, thus the purpose when reaching accurate school.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, first scheme of the present invention, for solving the calibration system that technical scheme that its technical matters adopts provides a kind of satellite clock, this system comprises:
Satellite clock source: be connected with TT&C system, load system, stable clock microsecond counting is provided;
Satellite TT&C system: receive that remote operation is annotated number and according to clock information control load system works;
The satellite load system: work is carried out in the control information according to TT&C system, and reaching the Ground Application station under the data affix clock information tag feedback of load system collection;
Ground control station: generate telecommand and clock information and be uploaded to the TT&C system of satellite;
Ground Application station: receive the load operational data that satellite passes down, generate departure information transmission clock error match server;
Clocking error match server: clock, actual execution time triadic relation on comparison instruction control time, the star, simulate the clocking error curve, generate clock information and send ground control station.
Alternative plan of the present invention, the technical scheme that adopts for solving the problems of the technologies described above provides a kind of calibration steps of satellite clock calibration system, comprises the steps:
(1) annotates satellite on the program control schedule work of establishment satellite; According to ground observing and controlling system instrumented satellite track, the time on the star when the calculating satellite flies over calibration target; Program control operation according to this time layout satellite; Comprise time, controlled variable that Load Control instruction, instruction are carried out in the program control schedule work; Give satellite through ground control station annotating on the program control schedule work;
(2) carry out program control operation; Satellite TT&C system is decoded after receiving ground notes number, control load system work when and instruction start time time is consistent on star;
(3) generate load data, play timestamp and storage; The load remote sensing system receives known remote sensing images according to the instruction start; Be attached to the attitude information of time, satellite on the star of the time of reception on the image data frame, deposit mass storage on the star in;
(4) pass load data down; When satellite flies through the Ground Application station, the following remote sensing image data that passes band temporal information, attitude of satellite information;
(5) resolve load data and calculate the UTC time at that time; Frame, processing are separated after receiving data in the Ground Application station; Can calculate the UTC time that satellite obtains these width of cloth remote sensing images according to the position of calibration target on image, the attitude of satellite, the track of satellite; Send to clocking error match server to the time on this UTC time star in the remote sensing image data frame;
(6) carry out the clock data match, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on the star; Clocking error match server receives time and UTC time on the star in a certain moment, deposits them in database; Different qualities according to collecting data can carry out the processing of distinct methods, provides the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on the star.
The calibration system of satellite clock of the present invention and calibration steps thereof with clock and UTC time relation on the clocking error match server comparison star, simulate clock and the corresponding curve of UTC clock on the star owing to take technique scheme; Comparison control beginning execution time and real load work; Match control corresponding curve of execution time with actual execution time; Therefore; The invention solves was the precision that improves clock source on the satellite operating accuracy raising star simply in the past, make the complex designization of clock system on the star, control system, and the real work precision was improved the little problem of effect.In addition, the present invention is with the method for big system close-loop feedback, and is economical, realized the raising of satellite operating accuracy reliably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the calibration system block diagram of satellite clock of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a clocking error fitted figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the local detail of clocking error fitted figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Preferred embodiment below in conjunction with the calibration system of description of drawings the present invention first scheme satellite clock.
Fig. 1 is a clock alignment system chart of the present invention; Shown in the embodiment of Fig. 1, this calibration system comprises:
Satellite clock source 1: be connected with TT&C system 2, load system 3, stable clock microsecond counting is provided; The clock source is a constant-temperature crystal oscillator, and it provides n position (for example: 64) continuous microsecond counting, before the satellites transmits clock source powered up and initialize for complete zero, operate when the school not being carried out in this n position on the star; Can be attached to real-time 64 bit clock information on the current star on the data of load collection;
Satellite TT&C system 2: receive remote operation and annotate number and control 3 work of satellite load system according to clock information;
Satellite load system 3: work is carried out in the control information according to satellite TT&C system 2, and reaching Ground Application station 5 under the data affix clock information tag feedback of load collection;
Ground control station 4: generate telecommand and clock information and be uploaded to satellite TT&C system 2;
Ground Application station 5: receive the load operational data that satellite passes down, generate departure information transmission clock error match server 6; Receive under the satellite load data that passes, the corresponding UTC time of data that provides according to load calibration target, and carry out association to this UTC time with being attached on 64 stars on the load data time.Together send to clocking error match server to two times.
Clocking error match server 6: clock, actual execution time triadic relation on comparison instruction control time, the star, simulate the clocking error curve, generate clock information and send ground control station 4.Receive ground control station 4 about time T 1 on the initial star of execution of this subjob of X satellite, receive Ground Application station 5 about the corresponding UTC time U2 of time T on this subjob culminant star of X satellite 2 ... The corresponding UTC time Un of time T n on this subjob culminant star.To data to (T2, U2), (T3, U3) ... (Tn Un) analyzes and can provide clock and UTC corresponding time relationship on the star; Through analyzing the delayed data of T1 and T2, can annotate number for ground and schedule work is set reference is provided.
Describe in the face of the calibration steps of alternative plan satellite clock of the present invention down.
With the remote sensing satellite is example explanation calibration process.Calibration target, the accurate longitude and latitude of known calibration target generally are set on the ground within Chinese territory when calibration.When overseas calibrating, can be some known conspicuous objects as calibration target.Draw the accurate longitude and latitude of target through some channel or reckoning.The remote sensing target all is referred to as calibration target under the both of these case.
Alternative plan of the present invention, the calibration steps of satellite clock comprises the steps:
(1) annotates satellite on the program control schedule work of establishment satellite.According to ground observing and controlling system instrumented satellite track, the time on the star when the calculating satellite flies over calibration target.Program control operation according to this time layout satellite.Comprise information such as Load Control is instructed, the time of instruction execution, controlled variable in the program control schedule work.Give satellite through ground control station annotating on the program control schedule work.
(2) carry out program control operation.Satellite TT&C system is decoded after receiving ground notes number, control load system work when and instruction start time time is consistent on star.Load system is a satellite-borne remote sensing system in this example.
(3) generate load data, play timestamp and storage.The load remote sensing system receives known remote sensing images according to the instruction start.Be attached to the attitude information of time, satellite on the star of the time of reception on the image data frame, deposit mass storage on the star in.
(4) pass load data down.When satellite flies through the Ground Application station, the following remote sensing image data that passes band temporal information, attitude of satellite information.
(5) resolve load data and calculate the UTC time (universal coordinated time) at that time.Frame, processing are separated after receiving data in the Ground Application station.Can calculate the UTC time that satellite obtains these width of cloth remote sensing images according to the position of calibration target on image, the attitude of satellite, the track of satellite.Send to clocking error match server to the time on this UTC time star in the remote sensing image data frame.
(6) carry out the clock data match, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on the star.Clocking error match server receives time and UTC time on the star in a certain moment, deposits them in database.Different qualities according to collecting data can carry out the processing of distinct methods, provides the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on the star.
Just can draw the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on the star according to above six steps.In the program control operation of certain satellite afterwards, Ground Application just can be drawn the UTC time of obtaining these remote sensing images by timestamp on the star according to this corresponding relation after standing in and receiving the satellite remote sensing images data.According to the UTC time, the track of satellite, the attitude of satellite just can calculate the position of target in the image at that time.
Fig. 2 is clocking error fitted figure of the present invention, and is as shown in Figure 2, and the UTC time of horizontal ordinate for calculating according to remote sensing images, ordinate is the time on the star in the remote sensing image data frame.Time corresponding point on UTC time when stain is certain radar imagery among the figure, the star.Generate matched curve according to method of interpolation.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of clocking error fitted figure of the present invention, and " 2010-1-20 1:23:23 370 ' 135 " locates in the UTC time to amplify the position.1: 23: 23 on the 20th January in 2010 of 370 millisecond of 135 microsecond again represented in " 2010-1-20 1:23:23 370 ' 135 ".And on the star in the corresponding this moment image data frame time be 1733003363424.From the result of emulation match, the curve of match is straight line basically.Somber point (" 2010-1-201:23:23370 ' 135 ", 1733003370135) process from figure.It is thus clear that second long and UTC time second length and not exclusively synchronous of clock on the star, the clock source is slower on the star.According to result of calculation, be benchmark with clock on the star of UTC time " 2010-1-63:24:6239 ' 134 ", the UTC time " 2010-1-201:23:23370 ' 135 " on the clock star clock than the UTC time slow 6711 microseconds.
Because the realization in clock source is different; It is different that load data is played the design on opportunity of timestamp on the star; The mode that the time propagates in satellite on the star is different; On-board equipment receives irradiation accumulative total to influence difference, and the track of satellite is different and when causing equal these all factors of result of its relativistic effect clock data is with the UTC time data on analyzing star, carrying out the match modeling needs according to actual conditions employing diverse ways and parameter setting.But this closed loop calibration method but is general in the remote sensing of the earth satellite.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and distortion to calibration method of the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.For example the high-speed digital transmission channel is carried out clock coding, the corresponding sequence that the load data frame just can directly obtain time and UTC time on the star need not be resolved in the Ground Application station.If these modifications and distortion belong within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and is out of shape interior.
Claims (6)
1. the calibration system of a satellite clock is characterized in that, this system comprises:
Satellite clock source: be connected with TT&C system, load system, stable clock microsecond counting is provided;
Satellite TT&C system: receive remote operation and annotate number and control the work of satellite load system according to clock information;
The satellite load system: work is carried out in the control information according to satellite TT&C system, and reaching the Ground Application station under the data affix clock information tag feedback of load system collection;
Ground control station: generate remote-control data instruction and clock information and be uploaded to satellite TT&C system;
Ground Application station: receive the load operational data that satellite passes down, generate departure information transmission clock error match server;
Clocking error match server: clock, actual execution time triadic relation on comparison instruction control time, the star, simulate the clocking error curve, generate clock information and send ground control station.
2. the calibration system of satellite clock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described satellite clock source is a constant-temperature crystal oscillator, and n is provided the position; For example: 64; Continuous microsecond counting, before the satellites transmits clock source powered up and initialize for complete zero, do not operate when the school not being carried out in this n position on the star.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 the calibration system of satellite clock is characterized in that: described satellite clock source is attached to real-time 64 bit clock information on the current star on the data that load gathers.
4. the calibration system of satellite clock as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: described Ground Application station receives the load data that passes under the satellite; The UTC universal coordinated time that the data that provide according to load calibration target are corresponding, and carry out association to this UTC time with being attached on 64 stars on the load data time; Together send to clocking error match server to two times then.
5. the calibration system of satellite clock as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: described clocking error match server receive ground control station about time T 1 on the initial star of execution of this subjob of X satellite, receive the Ground Application station about the corresponding UTC time U2 of time T on this subjob culminant star of X satellite 2 ... The corresponding UTC time Un of time T n on this subjob culminant star; To data to (T2, U2), (T3, U3) ... (Tn Un) analyzes and provides clock and UTC corresponding time relationship on the star; Through analyzing the delayed data of T1 and T2, reference is provided for ground notes number is provided with schedule work.
6. the calibration steps of a satellite clock calibration system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps:
(1) annotates satellite on the program control schedule work of establishment satellite; According to ground observing and controlling system instrumented satellite track, the time on the star when the calculating satellite flies over calibration target; Program control operation according to this time layout satellite; Comprise time, controlled variable that Load Control instruction, instruction are carried out in the program control schedule work; Give satellite through ground control station annotating on the program control schedule work;
(2) carry out program control operation; Satellite TT&C system is decoded after receiving ground notes number, control load system work when and instruction start time time is consistent on star;
(3) generate load data, play timestamp and storage; The load remote sensing system receives known remote sensing images according to the instruction start; Be attached to the attitude information of time, satellite on the star of the time of reception on the image data frame, deposit mass storage on the star in;
(4) pass load data down; When satellite flies through the Ground Application station, the following remote sensing image data that passes band temporal information, attitude of satellite information;
(5) resolve load data and calculate the UTC time at that time; Frame, processing are separated after receiving data in the Ground Application station; Can calculate the UTC time that satellite obtains these width of cloth remote sensing images according to the position of calibration target on image, the attitude of satellite, the track of satellite; Send to clocking error match server to the time on this UTC time star in the remote sensing image data frame;
(6) carry out the clock data match, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on the star; Clocking error match server receives time and UTC time on the star in a certain moment, deposits them in database; Different qualities according to collecting data carries out the processing of distinct methods, provides the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on the star.
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| CN103048919A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-17 | 北京邮电大学 | Channel delay test-based satellite clock self-adjusting method |
| CN104320176A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-01-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Satellite communication system and forward calibration method thereof |
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| CN104584101B (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2016-06-29 | 大陆-特韦斯贸易合伙股份公司及两合公司 | For compensating the method and system of time deviation |
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| CN103235501B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-11-25 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of utilize burst length recording unit with carrying out star school time method |
| CN104320176B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-08-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of satellite communication system and its forward direction Calibration Method |
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| CN109581447A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-05 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | More Radio Link Combined Calculation Spread Spectrum TT&C equipment zero methods |
| CN110221321A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-10 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | A kind of calibration satellite ground application system and method |
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| CN112445120B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-04-22 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Distributed center-free space-based time reference establishing and maintaining system |
| CN113467219A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-01 | 中国西安卫星测控中心 | High-precision satellite-ground time difference calculation method for unified measurement and control equipment |
| CN115009544A (en) * | 2022-05-02 | 2022-09-06 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院网络信息研究所 | Satellite multi-beam direction finding calibration method based on cross amplitude and angle transfer function |
| CN115009544B (en) * | 2022-05-02 | 2022-12-16 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院网络信息研究所 | Satellite multi-beam direction finding calibration method based on cross amplitude and angle transfer function |
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