Background technology
Gold is the human metal of early finding and utilizing; Be used as finance deposit and valuable jewellery for a long time; And because its good performance, gold has also obtained widespread use in the new high-tech industry in modern times, like technical fields such as electronics, communication, aerospace, chemical industry, medical treatment.Along with the large scale mining of gold mine, it is nowadays exhausted day by day to be prone to soak gold ore resource, and the indissoluble gold ore deposit will become the valuable source of gold industry from now on.How effectively also the development and use indissoluble gold ore deposit of persistence is the technical barrier that China's gold industry presses for solution.
The indissoluble gold ore resources proportion of China is bigger; But the development and use degree is relatively low, and the pretreated state of the art in indissoluble gold ore deposit of enterprise is not high, much takes the comparatively serious sinter process of environmental pollution; Along with the raising to environmental requirement, these technologies are demanded urgently transforming.In the pretreatment technology in global indissoluble gold ore deposit; The pressure oxidation preimpregnated process has advantages such as leaching yield height, smoke-less pollution; Be one of the most promising technology, all built up several pressure oxidation devices in succession and be used for suitability for industrialized production in states such as the U.S., Canada, Papua New Guinea, Brazil, Greece.
In order to obtain leaching yield faster, have side effects to cyanidation gold-extracted thereby avoid generating sulphur simple substance simultaneously, in the pressurization preimpregnated process, generally take 180 ~ 220
oThe high pressure of the high temperature of C, 2 ~ 3 MPa makes difficulty and the cost of device fabrication and operation raise, to a certain degree limit pressurization preimpregnated process applying at home.
It is under certain partial pressure, to make sulfide mineral oxygenolysis such as wrapping up golden pyrite, symplesite that principle is leached in the pressurization in indissoluble gold ore deposit, and gold is come out, and eliminates the disadvantageous effect of sulfide when cyanidation gold-extracted simultaneously, improves the leaching yield of gold.This technology also will become China and handle one of the main developing direction in indissoluble gold ore deposit, but because this technological design and to the having relatively high expectations of device fabrication aspect is used still few in China.
At present, of the same trade also being devoted to study relevant improvement technology, to adapt to China's actual conditions.But, see also do not have and the similar technology of the present invention from the related patent U.S. Patent No. document of present retrieval.
Summary of the invention
Main task of the present invention is to provide indissoluble gold ore preprocess method efficiently, specifically is a kind of secondary ball milling activation preimpregnation pretreatment process that the oxygen pressure leaches under relatively low pressure and temperature then.
In order to solve above technical problem, a kind of ore preprocess method of indissoluble gold efficiently of the present invention is mainly the indissoluble gold ore deposit through doing-wet secondary ball milling activation preimpregnation, then 150 ~ 160
oRealization oxygen is pressed and is leached under the condition of C and 0.8 ~ 0.9 MPa pressure, makes the mineral efficient oxidation decomposition of parcel gold such as symplesite, pyrite, and sulphur changes vitriol fully into, improves the golden rate of putting forward of gold mine; Its innovative point is: said indissoluble gold ore deposit does-wet secondary ball milling step is following: the indissoluble gold ore deposit is mixed by mass ratio 6:1 ~ 10:1 with silica sand and then in vibration mill, is dry grinded, and vibrational frequency is 200 ~ 350 times/minute, 20 ~ 40 minutes ball milling time; The dry grinding material is stirring wet-milling preimpregnation in the mill, 100 ~ 200 rev/mins of stir speed (S.S.)s, 10 ~ 20 minutes ball milling time under the condition of solid-liquid (liquid is dilute sulphuric acid, concentration 20 ~ 50 g/L) mass ratio 1:1 ~ 1:2; Raw meal particle size behind the ball milling is below 45 microns.
Said Catalytic Oxygen presses the leaching step following: ball milling appearance is 150 ~ 160
oPressure oxidation is leached under the temperature of C, and oxygenant is an oxygen, and the control oxygen partial pressure is at 0.3 ~ 0.4 MPa; Stagnation pressure is controlled at 0.8 ~ 0.9 MPa; Leaching agent is dilute sulphuric acid (concentration 10 ~ 30 g/L), the solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2 ~ 1:6 of ball milling appearance and leaching agent, leaching time 30 minutes-60 minutes; Whole process sulphur simple substance produces hardly, and the golden rate of carrying of pre-treatment gold mine reaches more than 90%.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, adopts the optimum combination of doing-wet the secondary ball milling; The activity of efficiently, energy-conservation completion mineral raises and granularity reduces: first step dry mill process is through regulating the quartz content of ball milling appearance; Promote the lattice distortion of sulphide ores in the mechanical milling process; Make sulphide ores active raising rapidly in the extremely short time, overcome traditional ball-milling technology sulphide ores activity and improved unconspicuous shortcoming; Second stage wet-grinding technology and relative device with the reduction of mineral granularity with add sour preimpregnation and carry out simultaneously; In the specific surface area of mineral that increases sharply, accomplish the further destruction of mineral structure; Pressing leaching for the oxygen under lesser temps and the pressure condition prepares; Make the carbonate decomposition in the gold mine simultaneously, eliminate it and oxygen is pressed the disadvantageous effect that leaches.Secondary ball milling activation preimpregnation makes that change has taken place the mineral structure of parcel gold in the indissoluble gold ore deposit; Through control sulfuric acid content, solid-to-liquid ratio, oxygen partial pressure, can realize under lower temperature and pressure that the oxygen pressure leaches and suppress the generation of sulphur simple substance, extraction temperature is low; Time is short; Energy consumption reduces, and has also reduced the manufacturing requirement of pickling equipment simultaneously, has further reduced cost.
2, this technology has reduced the working pressure and the temperature of oxygen pressure extract technology, has realized the pre-treatment in indissoluble gold ore deposit efficiently, has higher feasibility.
3, the gold mine of this art breading is put forward golden rate and is reached 90-99%.
Embodiment
Below be concrete process step of the present invention:
1) one-level dry grinding activation
Mix by mass ratio 6:1 ~ 10:1 with silica sand in the indissoluble gold ore deposit, regulates more than the dioxide-containing silica to 40% in the gold mine, in vibration mill, dry grinds then, and grinding medium is a steel ball, and vibrational frequency is 200 ~ 350 times/minute, 20 ~ 40 minutes ball milling time;
2) secondary wet-milling preimpregnation
Dry grinding material is sized mixing with dilute sulphuric acid (concentration 20 ~ 50 g/L), and the solid-liquid quality control is at 1:1 ~ 1:2, wet-milling preimpregnation in stirring mill then, and 100 ~ 200 rev/mins of stir speed (S.S.)s, 10 ~ 20 minutes ball milling time, ball-milling medium is corundum ball or agate ball; Raw meal particle size behind the ball milling is below 45 microns;
3) oxygen is pressed and is leached
Slip behind the ball milling is further sized mixing, and makes sulfuric acid concentration be controlled at 10 ~ 30 g/L, and solid-to-liquid ratio is controlled at 1:2 ~ 1:6.The pressure oxidation in reaction kettle of slip after sizing mixing is leached, and temperature is controlled at 150 ~ 160
oC, stagnation pressure are controlled at 0.8 ~ 0.9 MPa, and oxygenant is an oxygen, control oxygen partial pressure at 0.3 ~ 0.4 MPa, leaching time 30 minutes-60 minutes, and the sulphur simple substance quality that whole process produces can be ignored, and the cyanidation gold-extracted rate of pre-treatment gold mine reaches more than 90%.
Embodiment 1:
Mix by mass ratio 6:1 with silica sand in the indissoluble gold ore deposit of cyanidation gold-extracted rate 20.25%, in vibration mill, dry grinds, and grinding medium is a steel ball, and vibrational frequency is 350 times/minute, 30 minutes ball milling time; Dry grinding material is sized mixing with dilute sulphuric acid (concentration 50 g/L), and the solid-liquid quality control is at 1:2, wet-milling preimpregnation in stirring mill then, and 200 rev/mins of stir speed (S.S.)s, 15 minutes ball milling time, ball-milling medium is the corundum ball; Raw meal particle size behind the ball milling is below 45 microns.Slip behind the ball milling is further sized mixing, and makes sulfuric acid concentration be controlled at 25 g/L, and solid-to-liquid ratio is controlled at 1:5.The pressure oxidation in reaction kettle of slip after sizing mixing is leached, and temperature is controlled at 160
oC, stagnation pressure are controlled at 0.9 MPa, and oxygenant is an oxygen, control oxygen partial pressure at 0.3 MPa, leaching time 40 minutes, and the cyanidation gold-extracted rate of pre-treatment gold mine reaches 93.08%.
Embodiment 2:
Mix by mass ratio 9:1 with silica sand in the indissoluble gold ore deposit of cyanidation gold-extracted rate 50.62%, in vibration mill, dry grinds, and grinding medium is a steel ball, and vibrational frequency is 200 times/minute, 30 minutes ball milling time; Dry grinding material is sized mixing with dilute sulphuric acid (concentration 30 g/L), and the solid-liquid quality control is at 1:1, wet-milling preimpregnation in stirring mill then, and 250 rev/mins of stir speed (S.S.)s, 10 minutes ball milling time, ball-milling medium is an agate ball; Raw meal particle size behind the ball milling is below 45 microns.Slip behind the ball milling is further sized mixing, and makes sulfuric acid concentration be controlled at 20 g/L, and solid-to-liquid ratio is controlled at 1:4.The pressure oxidation in reaction kettle of slip after sizing mixing is leached, and temperature is controlled at 160
oC, stagnation pressure are controlled at 0.9 MPa, and oxygenant is an oxygen, control oxygen partial pressure at 0.3 MPa, leaching time 30 minutes, and the cyanidation gold-extracted rate of pre-treatment gold mine reaches 97.13%.
Embodiment 3:
Mix by mass ratio 7:1 with silica sand in the indissoluble gold ore deposit of cyanidation gold-extracted rate 61.33%, in vibration mill, dry grinds, and grinding medium is a steel ball, and vibrational frequency is 300 times/minute, 20 minutes ball milling time; Dry grinding material is sized mixing with dilute sulphuric acid (concentration 40 g/L), and the solid-liquid quality control is at 1:2, wet-milling preimpregnation in stirring mill then, and 300 rev/mins of stir speed (S.S.)s, 10 minutes ball milling time, ball-milling medium is the corundum ball; Raw meal particle size behind the ball milling is below 45 microns.Slip behind the ball milling is further sized mixing, and makes sulfuric acid concentration be controlled at 30 g/L, and solid-to-liquid ratio is controlled at 1:5.The pressure oxidation in reaction kettle of slip after sizing mixing is leached, and temperature is controlled at 150
oC, stagnation pressure are controlled at 0.9 MPa, and oxygenant is an oxygen, control oxygen partial pressure at 0.4 MPa, leaching time 40 minutes, and the cyanidation gold-extracted rate of pre-treatment gold mine reaches 98.17%.
Embodiment 4:
Mix by mass ratio 10:1 with silica sand in the indissoluble gold ore deposit of cyanidation gold-extracted rate 30.25%, in vibration mill, dry grinds, and grinding medium is a steel ball, and vibrational frequency is 350 times/minute, 30 minutes ball milling time; Dry grinding material is sized mixing with dilute sulphuric acid (concentration 50 g/L), and the solid-liquid quality control is at 1:2, wet-milling preimpregnation in stirring mill then, and 200 rev/mins of stir speed (S.S.)s, 20 minutes ball milling time, ball-milling medium is the corundum ball; Raw meal particle size behind the ball milling is below 45 microns.Slip behind the ball milling is further sized mixing, and makes sulfuric acid concentration be controlled at 25 g/L, and solid-to-liquid ratio is controlled at 1:4.The pressure oxidation in reaction kettle of slip after sizing mixing is leached, and temperature is controlled at 150
oC, stagnation pressure are controlled at 0.8 MPa, and oxygenant is an oxygen, control oxygen partial pressure at 0.3 MPa, leaching time 40 minutes, and the cyanidation gold-extracted rate of pre-treatment gold mine reaches 95.08%.