CN102560133A - Method for extracting gallium and germanium from zinc smelting slag - Google Patents
Method for extracting gallium and germanium from zinc smelting slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN102560133A CN102560133A CN2012100485060A CN201210048506A CN102560133A CN 102560133 A CN102560133 A CN 102560133A CN 2012100485060 A CN2012100485060 A CN 2012100485060A CN 201210048506 A CN201210048506 A CN 201210048506A CN 102560133 A CN102560133 A CN 102560133A
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Abstract
A method for extracting gallium and germanium from zinc smelting slag relates to a method for extracting metal gallium and germanium from zinc smelting slag by a wet method. Is characterized in that the extraction process is to carry out two-stage acid leaching on zinc smelting slag, one-stage acid leaching is carried out to leach gallium, and then the acid leaching slag after the gallium leaching is carried out to leach germanium through two-stage acid leaching. According to the method, the leaching characteristics of the scattered metal enriched slag gallium and germanium and the extraction characteristics of the gallium and germanium are found through experiments, the process flow of leaching-extracting the gallium and germanium in steps is provided, the germanium leaching-extracting realizes closed cycle, the alkali neutralization process is omitted, the alkali consumption is omitted, the acid consumption is reduced, and the wastewater discharge is reduced.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium, relate to a kind of from zinc smelting dreg wet method extract the method for GALLIUM metal pure germanium.
Background technology
Gallium germanium belongs to dissipated metal; In the little independent mineral deposit of occurring in nature, most associations are in other mineral, and gallium germanium is mainly composed and existed in zink sulphide, nepheline, white mica, triphane, bauxite and the colliery; In conventional wet zinc metallurgy process; During the neutrality that is enriched in gallium germanium more than 98% leached or low acidleach is slagged tap, comprehensive recovery value was high, and it is the important channel that obtains gallium germanium that zinc metallurgical process comprehensively reclaims dissipated metal.The comprehensive extraction of gallium germanium can not only make full use of Mineral resources; Reduce production costs, increase economic efficiency, and can reduce pollution to a certain extent environment; Gallium germanium integrated extraction technique is mainly the heavy germanium of tannin-gallium extraction process and Quan Cuifa etc. both at home and abroad, has some drawbacks.
The full collection method technical process of having reported of from the dissipated metal enrichment slag of zinc metallurgical process, extracting gallium germanium is adopted the gallium germanium in the enrichment slag is leached in the high acid solution together; With hydroxamic acid kind of extractants preferential extracted germanium under the peracid condition, use soda ash or the sodium hydroxide surplus liquid of germanium that will come together to be neutralized to pH and about 2 to extract gallium again.This leaching process can cause a large amount of acid and alkali consumptions, and produces great amount of wastewater.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly the deficiency that exists to above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of effective minimizing operation is provided, and saves alkaline consumption, reduces the acid consumption, reduces the method for from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of discharge of wastewater.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium is characterised in that its leaching process is that zinc smelting dreg is adopted two sections acidleach, and gallium is leached in one section acidleach, and the acid leaching residue that will leach again behind the gallium carries out two-stage acid leaching leaching germanium.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention is characterised in that the acid that described leaching process adopts is sulfuric acid.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention is characterised in that described one section acidleach leaches that control pH value is 1.8-2.2 in the process of gallium, and extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, extraction time 4 ~ 6 hours.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention is characterised in that described one section acidleach leaches leaching process air in the process of gallium.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention is characterised in that the described acid leaching residue that will leach behind the gallium carries out in the two-stage acid leaching leaching germanium process, and the sulfuric acid concentration of solution is 40 ~ 80g/L, and extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, and extraction time is 4 ~ 6 hours.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention is characterised in that described one section acidleach leaches the leach liquor of gallium, adopt sulfurization-precipitation method to remove copper after, adopt extraction process separation and concentration gallium.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention; The extraction agent that is characterised in that described employing extraction process separation and concentration gallium is the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester; Load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M aqueous hydrochloric acid; Zinc is stayed in the raffinate, and it is that zinc in the raffinate is able to reclaim that raffinate is returned zinc hydrometallurgy system.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention; Be characterised in that the described acid leaching residue that will leach behind the gallium carries out two-stage acid leaching and leaches the germanium-containing solution that germanium obtains and adopt extraction process separation and concentration germanium wherein; Extraction agent is the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester, and load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M ammonium fluoride aqueous solution, and raffinate returns two-stage acid leaching and leaches the germanium process.
Method of the present invention realizes the preferential gallium that leaches with the acidity of aqueous sulfuric acid control leaching process solution, soaks that the pH value of solution value is controlled at 1.8 ~ 2.2 in the gallium process; Extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃; Extraction time 4 ~ 6 hours, the leaching process bubbling air helps improving the leaching yield of copper and gallium.In first section leaching process; Most of zinc, copper and gallium in the dissipated metal enrichment slag leach in the leach liquor; Copper in the leach liquor removes with sulfurization-precipitation method, and the gallium in the leach liquor is with extraction process separation and concentration in addition, and extraction agent can be the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester; Load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M aqueous hydrochloric acid; Zinc is stayed in the raffinate, and it is that zinc in the raffinate is able to reclaim that raffinate is returned zinc hydrometallurgy system, in the raffinate residual gallium germanium through zinc hydrometallurgy system enrichment again in dissipated metal enrichment slag.
Method of the present invention soaks that slag adopts second section peracid to leach behind the gallium, and germanium is wherein leached in the leach liquor; The sulfuric acid concentration of second section leaching is 40 ~ 80g/L, in this acidity scope, improves the leaching that acidity helps germanium; But the sulfuric acid concentration upper limit is limited by system's acid balance, and extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, and extraction time is 4 ~ 6 hours; Germanium in the leach liquor is with extraction process separation and concentration in addition, and extraction agent can be the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester, and load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M ammonium fluoride aqueous solution; Raffinate returns second section leaching, makes acid wherein be able to recycle, when collection germanium surplus liquid iron content during up to 12g/L; The surplus liquid open circuit of the germanium that partly comes together is used for first section leaching.
Method of the present invention; Find the leaching characteristics of dissipated metal enrichment slag gallium germanium and the extracted character of gallium germanium according to experiment, propose gallium germanium to leach step by step-technical process of extracting and enriching gallium germanium, make germanium leachings-extraction realization closed cycle; Saved in the alkali and operation; Save alkaline consumption, reduced sour consumption, reduced discharge of wastewater.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the inventive method.
Embodiment
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium, the step of its process comprises:
(1) the dissipated metal enrichment slag of zinc wet smelting process acquisition adopts first section low acidleach to go out, and preferentially leaches gallium, makes the gallium enrichment in the leach liquor with extraction process, and raffinate returns zinc hydrometallurgy system;
(2) soak behind the gallium slag and carry out second section peracid and leach, germanium is wherein leached in the leach liquor, germanic leach liquor is with extraction process separation and concentration germanium, and the surplus liquid of collection germanium returns the germanium leaching.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention realizes the preferential gallium that leaches with the acidity of aqueous sulfuric acid control leaching process solution, soaks that the pH value of solution value is controlled at 1.8 ~ 2.2 in the gallium process; Extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, extraction time 4 ~ 6 hours, and leaching process feeds an amount of air; In first section leaching process; Most of zinc, copper and gallium in the dissipated metal enrichment slag leach in the leach liquor, and the copper in the leach liquor removes with sulfurization-precipitation method, and the leach liquor gallium is used the extraction process separation and concentration.The extraction agent of extracting and separating enrichment gallium can be the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester; Load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M aqueous hydrochloric acid; Zinc is stayed in the raffinate, and it is that zinc in the raffinate is able to reclaim that raffinate is returned zinc hydrometallurgy system.
A kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium of the present invention, soak gallium after slag adopt second section peracid to leach, germanium is wherein leached in the leach liquor; The sulfuric acid concentration of second section leaching is 40 ~ 80g/L, in this acidity scope, improves the leaching that acidity helps germanium; Extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, and extraction time is 4 ~ 6 hours, and the germanium in the leach liquor is with extraction process separation and concentration in addition; The extraction agent of extracting and separating enriched germanium is the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester; Load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M ammonium fluoride aqueous solution, and raffinate returns second section leaching, makes germanium leaching-aqueous phase extracted realize circulation.
Embodiment 1
Testing used dissipated metal enrichment slag is the dissipated metal enrichment slag that zinc ore concentrate pressurization leach liquor obtains through lime neutralization-zinc replacement, and its chemical ingredients is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 dissipated metal enrichment dreg chemistry composition
| Element | Ca | Zn | Cu | Fe | S | Pb | Sb | Sn | Ga | Ge |
| Content (%) | 19.2 | 16.58 | 11.71 | 5.77 | 16.3 | 1.21 | 0.71 | 0.17 | 0.25 | 0.22 |
First section leaching condition is: get the above-mentioned dissipated metal enrichment of 200g slag, add 600mL water, add an amount of sulfuric acid, pH value of solution is maintained in 1.8 ~ 2.2 scopes, constantly stir and blast air, 60 ~ 80 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 6 hours.
The leaching experiment result:
First section leaching experiment result of table 2
Embodiment 2
Second section leaching condition is: get the leached mud that first section leaching of 100g obtains; Raffinate behind the adding 200mL collection germanium is made leaching agent; Make the raffinate sulfur acid 45g/L of leaching agent, 60 ~ 80 ℃ of extraction temperatures are suitably added sulfuric acid in leaching process; Make the leach liquor sulfuric acid content maintain the scope of 40 ~ 60g/L, extraction time 6 hours.Second section leaching yield that leaches germanium is 99.1%.
Embodiment 3
With first section leach to obtain contain the gallium leach liquor, the solution of gained is feed liquid behind the sulfide precipitation copper removal,
(1) extraction conditions
Gallium extraction material liquid component Ge 0.016g/L, Ga 0.81g/L, Zn 19.7g/L, Fe 1.64g/L H
2SO
43.2g/L.
Organic phase consists of:
Extraction agent: O, O-diisooctyl phosphorus hydroxamic acid accounts for 10% (v/v)
Modification agent: isooctyl alcohol accounts for 5% (v/v)
Thinner: 260
#Sulfonated kerosene accounts for 85% (v/v).
Compare: O/A=1: 2
Mixing time: 5min
(2) extraction results
The phase-splitting time is 4min., and gallium is in the partition ratio 60.5 of organic phase and water, and the percentage extraction of gallium is 96.8%, and the percentage extraction 0.4% of zinc explain that the percentage extraction of gallium is very high, and this benefit of zinc-base is extracted.
Embodiment 4
(1) extraction conditions
Germanium extraction material liquid component: Ge 1.1g/L, Ga 0.02g/L, Zn 0.15g/L, Fe 4.75g/L, H
2SO
449g/L.
Organic phase consists of:
Extraction agent: O, O-diisooctyl phosphorus hydroxamic acid accounts for 10% (v/v)
Modification agent: isooctyl alcohol accounts for 5% (v/v)
Thinner: 260
#Sulfonated kerosene accounts for 85% (v/v).
Compare: O/A=1: 2
Mixing time: 3min.
(2) extraction experiments result
Raffinate composition: Ge 0.024g/L, Ga 0.019g/L, Zn 0.14g/L, Fe 4.68g/L, H
2SO
448g/L, extraction process germanium are in the partition ratio 88.9 of organic phase and water, and percentage extraction is contrast index 97.8%.
The surplus liquid of collection germanium contains acid up to 48g/L, returns leaching-extraction realization circulation that second section leaching makes germanium, can significantly reduce the acid consumption that gallium germanium wet method is extracted, and reduces discharge of wastewater.
Claims (8)
1. a method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium is characterised in that its leaching process is that zinc smelting dreg is adopted two sections acidleach, and gallium is leached in one section acidleach, and the acid leaching residue that will leach again behind the gallium carries out two-stage acid leaching leaching germanium.
2. a kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium according to claim 1 is characterised in that the acid that described leaching process adopts is sulfuric acid.
3. a kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium according to claim 1 is characterised in that described one section acidleach leaches that control pH value is 1.8-2.2 in the process of gallium, and extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, extraction time 4 ~ 6 hours.
4. a kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium according to claim 3 is characterised in that described one section acidleach leaches that leaching process blasts air in the process of gallium.
5. a kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium according to claim 1; Be characterised in that the described acid leaching residue that will leach behind the gallium carries out two-stage acid leaching and leaches in the germanium process; The sulfuric acid concentration of solution is 40 ~ 80g/L, and extraction temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, and extraction time is 4 ~ 6 hours.
6. a kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium according to claim 3 is characterised in that described one section acidleach leaches the leach liquor of gallium, adopt sulfurization-precipitation method to remove copper after, adopt extraction process separation and concentration gallium.
7. a kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium according to claim 3; The extraction agent that is characterised in that described employing extraction process separation and concentration gallium is the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester; Load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M aqueous hydrochloric acid; Zinc is stayed in the raffinate, and it is that zinc in the raffinate is able to reclaim that raffinate is returned zinc hydrometallurgy system.
8. a kind of method of from zinc smelting dreg, extracting gallium germanium according to claim 5; Be characterised in that the described acid leaching residue that will leach behind the gallium carries out two-stage acid leaching and leaches the germanium-containing solution that germanium obtains and adopt extraction process separation and concentration germanium wherein; Extraction agent is the mixture of hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic acid and diisooctyl phosphoric acid ester; Load organic phases is with the back extraction of 2M ammonium fluoride aqueous solution, and raffinate returns two-stage acid leaching and leaches the germanium process.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103468977A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2013-12-25 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Method for selectively leaching germanium and gallium from complex smelting slag with germanium and gallium or ore with germanium and gallium |
| CN103789553A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-05-14 | 中南大学 | Method for comprehensively utilizing lepidolite mineralogical reconstruction lithium-extraction slags |
| CN103952547A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-07-30 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Treatment method of zinc pressure leaching first-stage slag |
| CN105567986A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-11 | 郴州丰越环保科技有限公司 | Method for recycling gallium and germanium from zinc powder replacement gallium and germanium residues through resin |
| CN107974560A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-01 | 衢州华友钴新材料有限公司 | A kind of method that germanic gallium material leaches arsenic removal |
| CN108149014A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-12 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂 | A kind of method for extracting production gallium concentrate |
| CN108300876A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-20 | 广东省稀有金属研究所 | A method of leaching gallium and germanium from zinc replacement slag |
| CN108467942A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-31 | 武汉科技大学 | A method of Selectively leaching zinc, lead, gallium and germanium from zinc replacement slag |
| CN109576510A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-05 | 建水正业矿冶有限公司 | The method of gallium is recycled from zinc replacement slag |
| CN110791648A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-14 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂 | Method for extracting and recovering germanium from sulfuric acid leaching solution |
| CN114318017A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所 | Method for deep leaching of zinc, copper, gallium and germanium from zinc replacement slag |
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| CN103468977A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2013-12-25 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Method for selectively leaching germanium and gallium from complex smelting slag with germanium and gallium or ore with germanium and gallium |
| CN103468977B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-08-19 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | The method of Selectively leaching germanium gallium from the metallurgical slag or ore of complexity germanic gallium |
| CN103789553A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-05-14 | 中南大学 | Method for comprehensively utilizing lepidolite mineralogical reconstruction lithium-extraction slags |
| CN103789553B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-07-22 | 中南大学 | Method for comprehensively utilizing lepidolite mineralogical reconstruction lithium-extraction slags |
| CN103952547A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-07-30 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Treatment method of zinc pressure leaching first-stage slag |
| CN105567986A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-11 | 郴州丰越环保科技有限公司 | Method for recycling gallium and germanium from zinc powder replacement gallium and germanium residues through resin |
| CN107974560A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-01 | 衢州华友钴新材料有限公司 | A kind of method that germanic gallium material leaches arsenic removal |
| CN108149014A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-12 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂 | A kind of method for extracting production gallium concentrate |
| CN108300876A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-20 | 广东省稀有金属研究所 | A method of leaching gallium and germanium from zinc replacement slag |
| CN108467942A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-31 | 武汉科技大学 | A method of Selectively leaching zinc, lead, gallium and germanium from zinc replacement slag |
| CN109576510A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-05 | 建水正业矿冶有限公司 | The method of gallium is recycled from zinc replacement slag |
| CN110791648A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-14 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂 | Method for extracting and recovering germanium from sulfuric acid leaching solution |
| CN114318017A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所 | Method for deep leaching of zinc, copper, gallium and germanium from zinc replacement slag |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |