CN102559239A - Cut-over ultrashort contact rotational flow reactor - Google Patents
Cut-over ultrashort contact rotational flow reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102559239A CN102559239A CN2010106158985A CN201010615898A CN102559239A CN 102559239 A CN102559239 A CN 102559239A CN 2010106158985 A CN2010106158985 A CN 2010106158985A CN 201010615898 A CN201010615898 A CN 201010615898A CN 102559239 A CN102559239 A CN 102559239A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cut-over ultrashort contact rotational flow reactor which has the advantages that all components in the reactor are fully contacted, react rapidly and can be separated while reacting, so that reaction and separation can be carried out synchronously. When the reactor provided by the invention is applied to heavy and inferior oil processing processes such as heavy oil catalytic cracking, residual hydrocracking and heavy oil cracking for ethylene preparation, the problem of overcracking caused by overlong residence time and back mixing of oil, gas and catalysts in the reactor can be avoided; the characteristics, such as high initial activity and good selectivity, of the catalysts also can be fully utilized, so that the reaction selectivity is improved, and the adaptability of the existing heavy and inferior oil processing processes to raw materials is greatly improved; and simultaneously the system device coking problem in the existing reaction process can be avoided, and the on-stream time of the device can be prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of a kind of cut-in type, this technology belongs to the catalytic cracking process in the refining of petroleum industry, is specially adapted to the processing of heavy, poor quality oil and uses catalytic cracking process.Its technical characterstic is that the raw material introducing device has two ends, and an end links to each other with feed nozzle, and another end communicates with cut-in type Cyclonic reactor inside; The type of attachment of raw material introducing device and reactor drum is vertical cut formula or scroll casing type,
Background technology
The general type of conventional catalyst cracking reaction apparatus: oil gas forms gas-solid mixture at the riser tube internal reaction, through the fast separation structure sharp separation of riser tube end outlet, gets into the oil gas collection chamber through cyclonic separator again, introduces separation column through transfer line then.In the last few years; In order to adapt to heavy crude, residual oil characteristics; Many oil companies and research institution have carried out a series of improvement to catalytic cracking riser reactor; Mainly comprise: the preparatory lift technique of feed zone, heavy oil feed nozzle technology, sectional feeding technology, riser tube reaction terminating technology, the terminal sharp separation technology of riser tube, the efficient steam stripping technique of reclaimable catalyst, highly efficient regeneration technology etc.; Continuous appearance about various new technologies, new installation and the new catalyst of catalytic cracking has promoted the development of catalytic cracking technology to some extent.
But; Because the problem of riser reactor own, have that axial backmixing is big, gas-solid skewness, catalyzer be because carbon deposit and activity and selectivity descend rapidly, serious, the valuable intermediate product yield of the disadvantageous secondary reaction of riser tube postmedian and selectivity is not high, content of olefin in gasoline is higher and reactor drum is terminal and shortcoming such as subsequent sedimentation device coking.To these defectives; Each major oil companies and research unit have developed multi-form agent oil contact catalysis cracking in short-term technology in succession both at home and abroad; As: Millisecond catalytic cracking (MSCC) technology, short contacting time catalytic cracking (SCT) technology, descending-bed reactor catalytic cracking process, folding bed catalytic cracking process multi-reaction-area (MIP) technology, two-stage riser fluid catalytic cracking (TSRFCC) technology, adaptable multieffect catalytic cracking (FDFCC) technology etc.; Its purpose is exactly to reduce the generation of secondary cracking reaction and hydrogen transfer reactions; Make the cracked reaction product such as gasoline, diesel oil distillate and the light olefin of generation be able to keep, thereby obtain better products distribution and higher product quality.The exploitation that these are technological makes the catalytic cracking riser reactor technology obtain major progress, satisfies Clean Fuel Production and continuous growth of petroleum products demand made huge contribution for petrochemical industry.
Long to the oil gas residence time in the catalytic cracking subsider, cause oil gas generation secondary cracking and device coking problem easily; Have the researchist to propose the scenario of no settling vessel catalytic cracking process, proposition will not have traditional catalytic cracking subsider cancellation of practical use, eliminate the large space that oil gas is detained; Adopt oil gas and catalyzer fast separation device; Realize the gas-solid high efficiency separation, oil gas is drawn and in time efficient stripping fast, and the three forms one.If this scheme can finally realize through engineering approaches, can avoid coking problem in the settling vessel, but still can not solve problems such as inner overcracking of riser reactor and local coking.
Yet; Although various doses of oil contact catalysis cracking in short-term technology types have nothing in common with each other; All realized the short-time contact of oil gas and catalyzer to a certain extent; Reducing the catalytic cracking secondary reaction, suppress heat cracking reaction, improving aspect such as product distribution and obtained different effects, showed the meliority of this dose of oily short contact catalytic cracking technology.But from the equipment angle, the concrete equipment form of the reaction of various technology and regenerating unit does not have essential distinction, all is to adopt revivifier and settling vessel two device modes to carry out the circulation of catalyzer basically, and these technology also just all have the disadvantage that self is difficult to eliminate.For riser tube terminal fast branch technology and SCT technology, owing to only be conceived to the outlet or the feeding unit of riser tube, riser tube itself is not done any change, therefore this dose of oil contacts in short-term and receives certain limitation; Because the knowledge of regularity that flows, conducts heat and react in the riser tube also is not very clear; At present the chilling technique that adopts of refinery has bigger empirical; Receive the restriction of existing apparatus constructional aspect and operational condition simultaneously; The operation that this dose of oil contacts in short-term is also not in place, has not also given play to maximum advantage; Though the MSCC technology contacts the meliority of bringing when we have showed that this dose of oil is ultrashort from a side, it is too complicated to the transformation of device, and investment is big, the large-scale CCU that is not suitable for having existed; Descending bed catalyst cracker also exists the problem that some need overcome, and the most important thing is that it is difficult to form the strong finish blended feed zone that has as conventional riser tube, and this heat transfer and mass transfer for the catalytic cracking process initial stage is very crucial.In addition, the enforcement of descending-bed reactor in industry need all be changed to the layout of major equipment from the streaming mode of catalyzer largely, and this can't but be the main difficult problem in this technological process process of industrialization.Along with the heaviness and poor qualityization aggravation of crude oil, based on the practical situation of present CCU, as the core of catalytic cracking reaction process---traditional riser reactor, RCC is difficult to the progress of making a breakthrough property again.Develop a kind of transformation, investment that is suitable for existing riser tube little, can farthest realize the new catalytic cracking technology that agent oil contacts in short-term, will be an important development direction in the RCC field from now on.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention has proposed the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of a kind of cut-in type with regard to being to avoid the weak point of above-mentioned prior art.The ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of this cut-in type mainly is made up of three parts: cylindrical section, conical section, stripper.
Reactor drum has more than one fresh feed introducing device and an above catalyzer introducing device, and more than one freshening raw material introducing device can also be set as required.The fresh feed introducing device has two end faces, and an end face links to each other with feed nozzle, and another end face communicates with the ultrashort Cyclonic reactor inside that contacts of described cut-in type.The catalyzer introducing device communicates with the middle part of fresh feed introducing device, and the axis of catalyzer introducing device and the axis of fresh introducing device can form certain included angle, and the angle of recommendation is-45 °～45 °.
Spray into the atomizing raw materials steam of described fresh feed introducing device through nozzle; In introducing device, contact with the catalyzer that gets into from the catalyzer introducing device; Making catalyzer obtain together to get into Cyclonic reactor with raw material behind the kinetic energy through transmission ofenergy reacts; Catalyzer moves near the wall of limit and final close phase discharge gate entering stripper from the lower end gradually in reaction process, and the micro-molecular gas that reaction generates moves to the centre portions of reactor drum gradually and finally discharges from venting port.
Fresh feed introducing device and freshening raw material introducing device are installed in the cylindrical section of described cut-in type Cyclonic reactor; The mode of connection of two kinds of raw material introducing devices and cylindrical section can be that scroll casing type also can be the vertical cut formula, and the mode of connection of recommendation is that scroll casing type connects.Can be according to the treatment capacity of Cyclonic reactor and the quantity and the installation site of two kinds of raw material introducing devices of feedstock property adjusting; To catalytic cracking process; Preferred scheme is a location arrangements multilayer introducing device vertically, and the one deck at top is provided with the fresh feed introducing device, and the raw material that nozzle sprays into is the good catalytically cracked material of cracking performance; Each layer is provided with freshening raw material introducing device downwards vertically; The raw material that nozzle sprays into is the raw material that cracking performances such as recycle stock, reprocessed oil slurry are poor, be easy to green coke, and good raw material preferentially contacts with catalyzer to let separating property of cracking, utilizes activity of such catalysts to greatest extent.
Below the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of described cut-in type cylindrical section, connect a conical section, the conical section cone angle is 5～120 °.
Be provided with one in described conical section bottom and subtract scroll bar, subtract scroll bar and the coaxial installation of conical section;
The conical section bottom of the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type of the present invention connects a stripper; Stripper is furnished with stripping baffles and stripped vapor sparger; The oil gas stripping that carries on oil gas that stripped vapor will flow out with catalyzer and the catalyzer returns reactor drum; It is finally discharged from venting port, and the catalyzer behind stripping is discharged from the discharge opening of stripper bottom.
The positively effect of patent of the present invention is that raw material passes through transmission ofenergy after preliminary the contact with catalyzer in introducing device; Make catalyzer acquisition kinetic energy and get into described cut-in type Cyclonic reactor with raw material; In the annular space that the cylindrical section of reactor drum and vapor pipe form, form the strong turbulence field, agent oil contact efficiency is high, along with the carrying out of reaction; Catalyzer moves near the limit wall of reactor drum gradually; The small molecules oil gas that reaction generates moves to the centre portions of reactor drum, has avoided small molecules oil gas further to contact with catalyzer on the one hand, can improve the contact efficiency of macromole oil gas and catalyzer on the other hand.Reactor lower part is provided with a stripper; The main effect of stripper is that the oil gas stripping that gets into stripper from Cyclonic reactor is returned reactor drum; This part oil gas comprises the oil gas that carries on the catalyzer and flows out the oil gas of reactor drum with catalyzer; These oil gas are discharged reactor drum from the venting port on top the most at last, have reduced the oil gas loss, improve output.
Description of drawings
The drawing of accompanying drawing is explained as follows:
Fig. 1 is the front view according to the Cyclonic reactor of first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the left view according to the Cyclonic reactor of first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view according to the Cyclonic reactor of first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view according to the Cyclonic reactor of second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view according to the Cyclonic reactor of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view according to the Cyclonic reactor of the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the vertical view according to the Cyclonic reactor of the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the front view according to the Cyclonic reactor of the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the left view according to the Cyclonic reactor of the 6th embodiment.
Embodiment
To combine specific embodiment to come enumeration technical characterstic of the present invention below.
In the actual enforcement of this technology, technological line of the present invention is realized through following operation:
Fig. 1～3 illustrate according to the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of the cut-in type of first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1; The Cyclonic reactor of first embodiment comprises a cylindrical section 6; Vent pipe 5 of coaxial installation wherein at the top of cylindrical section; The effect of vent pipe 5 is that the oil gas that reaction generates is drawn from Cyclonic reactor, the depth of penetration of vent pipe 5 be cylindrical section 6 height 0.5-1 doubly, cylindrical section 6 is principal reaction spaces of Cyclonic reactor of the present invention with vent pipe 5 formed annular spaces.On the top of cylindrical section 6 fresh feed introducing device 11 is set, this device has three access interface, and wherein, first port one links to each other with feed nozzle, and fresh feed 16 gets into the fresh feed introducing device through this end; Second port one 0 and catalyst charge pipe coupling, catalyzer 15 gets into the fresh feed introducing device through this port; The 3rd port communicates with described cut-in type Cyclonic reactor inside, and its mode of connection is as shown in Figure 3, is the scroll casing type cut-in manner.
The lower end of cylindrical section 6 connects a conical section 7; Conical section is the main separated space of described Cyclonic reactor; In this zone; Granules of catalyst moves near the wall of limit and the motion of spinning gradually downwards, and finally the close phase discharge gate through the bottom gets into stripper 12, and the small molecules oil gas that reaction generates moves to the centre portions of Cyclonic reactor gradually and finally upwards draws Cyclonic reactor through vapor pipe 5.
One of the coaxial installation in the bottom of conical section 7 subtracts worm screw 3, in order to weaken the eddying motion of conical section bottom.
The lower end of conical section 7 connects a stripper 12, and multilayer stripping baffles 4 is set in the stripper.Have aperture on the stripping baffles, to increase the contact area of catalyzer and water vapor.Requirement to the stripping baffles inclination angle is the flowing property that can satisfy solid particulate, and the angle that the bus that preferred scheme is a stripping baffles and the axis of reactor drum form is between 25～35 °.
The bottom of the most the lower layer of stripping baffles in the stripper is provided with the stripped vapor sparger, and steam distributor can adopt various form.
The stripper lower end is close phase discharge opening, and the catalyzer behind stripping flows into inclined tube to be generated through this close phase discharge opening.
Fig. 4 illustrates the vertical view according to the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of the cut-in type of second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 4, the Cyclonic reactor of second embodiment of the invention adopts two fresh feed introducing devices, and structure, the size of two introducing devices are just the same, are installed on same axial height, forms the double volute form.The introducing device of this kind structure has two fresh feed feed-pipe 1a and 1b, has two catalyst feeds 10a and 10b simultaneously.
Compare with first embodiment, second embodiment is except being provided with of fresh feed introducing device is different, and other structure formation is identical with first embodiment.
Fig. 5 illustrates the vertical view according to the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of the cut-in type of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 5, the Cyclonic reactor of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention adopts vertical cut to go into the fresh feed introducing device, promptly introducing device cylindrical section simplified tangent of import outer rim and said Cyclonic reactor.The charging introducing device of this kind form has a raw material charging end 1 and a catalyst charge port one 0.
Compare with first embodiment, the 3rd embodiment is except different on the structure formation of fresh feed introducing device, and other structure formation is identical with first embodiment.
Fig. 6 illustrates the vertical view according to the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of the cut-in type of the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 6, the cut-in type Cyclonic reactor of the 4th embodiment of the present invention adopts two vertical cut formula fresh feed introducing devices, and structure, the size of two introducing devices are identical, are installed in same axial height.The introducing device of this kind structure has two material feeding tube 1a and 1b, has two catalyst feeds 10a and 10b simultaneously.
Compare with first embodiment, the 4th embodiment except the structure formation of fresh feed introducing device with install quantitatively different, other structure is identical with first embodiment.
Fig. 7 illustrates the vertical view according to the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of the cut-in type of the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 7, the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of the cut-in type of the 5th embodiment of the present invention adopts three vertical cut formula fresh feed introducing devices, and structure, the size of three introducing devices are identical, and angle is 120 ° to each other, is installed in same axial height.The introducing device of this kind structure has three fresh feed feed- pipe 1a, 1b and 1c, has three catalyst feeds 10a, 10b and 10c simultaneously.
Compare with first embodiment, the 4th embodiment is except different on the structure formation of fresh feed introducing device, and other structure formation is identical with first embodiment.
Fig. 8～9 illustrate according to the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of the cut-in type of the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
The structure of the cut-in type short contacting time Cyclonic reactor of the 6th embodiment is identical substantially with the Cyclonic reactor structure of first embodiment illustrated in figures 1 and 2, and main difference is present in has arranged multilayer raw material introducing device.As shown in Figure 8; The Cyclonic reactor of the 6th embodiment axially is being provided with the multilayer introducing device; Top one deck is a fresh feed introducing device 11; Concrete type of attachment can adopt scroll casing type shown in Figure 2 or vertical cut formula shown in Figure 4, and the layout of its quantity and installation site can be selected Fig. 3, Fig. 5 or form shown in Figure 6 for use.
The freshening raw material introducing device 12 with two ends more than one deck can be set below the first layer introducing device; Wherein, An end links to each other with freshening raw material feed nozzle; The raw material 18 of cracking such as recycle stock, reprocessed oil slurry ability gets into freshening raw material introducing device through this end, and another end communicates with the inside of said cut-in type Cyclonic reactor, and concrete type of attachment can adopt scroll casing type shown in Figure 2 or vertical cut formula shown in Figure 4.The quantity of the charging introducing device of said this two ends and installation site are arranged can select Fig. 3, Fig. 5 or form shown in Figure 6 for use.
Claims (8)
1. ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type; This reactor drum is mainly by cylindrical section; Conical section and stripper three parts constitute; The raw material introducing device that it is characterized in that this reactor drum has two ends, and an end links to each other with feed nozzle, and another end communicates with cut-in type Cyclonic reactor inside; The type of attachment of raw material introducing device and reactor drum is vertical cut formula or scroll casing type, and the xsect of raw material introducing device has different shapes, and same raw material introducing device selected the different cross-sectional areas shape for use in different positions.
2. the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type according to claim 1; The quantity that it is characterized in that the raw material introducing device is regulated according to the treatment capacity of Cyclonic reactor; Its installation site is that same xsect is installed many raw material introducing devices with same sense of rotation, or multilayer distributes vertically.
3. the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the xsect separately of different axial heights, with same sense of rotation many raw material introducing devices being installed.
4. the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the xsect of raw material introducing device is circular, ellipse or rectangle.
5. cut-in type Cyclonic reactor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the catalyzer introducing device is installed in the top of raw material introducing device; And certain distance is respectively arranged with two end faces of raw material introducing device; Catalyzer introducing device and raw material introducing device are with certain angle of intersection, and this angle is-45 °～45 °.
6. the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type according to claim 1 is characterized in that Cyclonic reactor need be provided with more than one freshening raw material introducing device.
7. the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cylindrical section bottom connects a conical section, and its cone angle is 5 °～120 °, and is provided with one in the bottom of conical section and subtracts scroll bar.
8. the ultrashort contact Cyclonic reactor of cut-in type according to claim 7 is characterized in that the conical section bottom connects a stripper, is furnished with stripping baffles in the stripper, and the bottom of stripper is provided with the stripped vapor sparger.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010106158985A CN102559239A (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Cut-over ultrashort contact rotational flow reactor |
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| CN2010106158985A CN102559239A (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Cut-over ultrashort contact rotational flow reactor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103409159A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-11-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Direct-current type short contact rotational flow reactor |
| CN109847656A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-07 | 辽宁加宝石化设备有限公司 | Gas-solid short contact separator, gas-solid short contact system and application method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103409159A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-11-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Direct-current type short contact rotational flow reactor |
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| CN109847656A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-07 | 辽宁加宝石化设备有限公司 | Gas-solid short contact separator, gas-solid short contact system and application method |
| CN109847656B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2024-05-14 | 辽宁加宝石化设备有限公司 | Gas-solid contact separation device, gas-solid contact separation system and application method |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |