CN1025542C - Slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide - Google Patents
Slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN1025542C CN1025542C CN 91100636 CN91100636A CN1025542C CN 1025542 C CN1025542 C CN 1025542C CN 91100636 CN91100636 CN 91100636 CN 91100636 A CN91100636 A CN 91100636A CN 1025542 C CN1025542 C CN 1025542C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a gap antenna for a variably polarized waveguide, which comprises a section of waveguide, wherein a gap is formed on the wall surface of the waveguide, and one end of the waveguide is provided with a terminal member composed of a reflection type adjustable phase shifter. By adjusting the phase shifter, the antenna can radiate various polarized waves, such as linearly polarized waves, left-hand or right-hand circularly polarized waves, elliptically polarized waves, etc. The quick polarizing conversion can be realized. The present invention has the characteristics of convenient realization, easy control and small structure, can be used as a plane-carried antenna, a ship-carried antenna, a bomb-carried antenna, a star-carried antenna or a ground radar antenna, and can carry out polarized self-adaptation. The gap antenna can be applied to the technical field of anti-stealth.
Description
A kind of slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide of the present invention has related to the leaky-pipe antenna field, particularly related to can the multiple polarized wave of radiation polarization leaky-pipe antenna field.
In the Radar Technology field, in order to improve the radiation of radar, detectivity, using can the multiple polarized wave of radiation slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide, slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide of the prior art has the numerous species type, can give off multiple polarized wave by these antenna, for example: line polarization wave, a left side or right-handed circular polarization ripple, elliptically polarised wave etc., typical slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide has one section waveguide, this waveguide has a waveguide port that is used to connect feed system or receiving system, have waveguide terminal parts that constitute by short-circuit piece or terminate load, have the slit on the wall of waveguide.For example: United States Patent (USP) 3,503,073 disclosed Waveguide slot antenna, document Arbitrarily Polarized slot Array, IRE WESCON Convention Record, Part I, August, disclosed square wave guide polarization slot antenna in 1958, document Investigation of character-istics and Practical Implementation of Arbitrarily Polarized Radiators in slot Array, 1971, Hughes Aircraft CO, disclosed E-plane branch Waveguide slot Variable Polarization Antenna or the like among the AD 722068.
When utilizing slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide of the prior art to make the transmitting antenna of radar, changing aerial radiation wave polarization mode is to realize to the amplitude and the phase place of the signal of waveguide port output by the feed system of adjusting antenna, when making the reception antenna of radar, be that the signal to antenna output of the receiving system by antenna carries out signal processing and realizes receiving multiple polarized wave.
The objective of the invention is to: provide a kind of prior art that is different from, slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide.
Slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide of the present invention has one section waveguide, has the slit on the wall of described waveguide, and an end of described waveguide is a waveguide port, and the other end is a waveguide terminal, on the described waveguide terminal end fitting is installed;
It is characterized in that: the end fitting of described antenna is made of a reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment, and the port of this phase shifting equipment is connected with the waveguide terminal of described waveguide;
Described reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment, can the incident wave of being injected by its port be reflected, produce reflected wave, described reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment has control end, can control described reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment by this control end, adjust the phase place of described reflected wave, change described reflected wave with respect to the incident wave phase-shift phase.
When antenna of the present invention is used as the transmitting antenna of radar, after having the signal of stationary phase and amplitude by the waveguide port input of the described waveguide of antenna, described reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment is controlled, change described phase-shift phase, the slit in the described waveguide can give off and the corresponding polarized wave of described phase-shift phase.
When antenna of the present invention is used as the reception antenna of radar, adjust described reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment, when making described phase-shift phase be certain value, described antenna only to the corresponding a kind of polarized wave sensitivity of this phase-shift phase, when receiving this polarized wave signal, the signal that receives is exported to the receiving system of described antenna by described waveguide port, when adjusting described reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment, make described phase-shift phase not simultaneously, can make described antenna to different polarized wave sensitivities, when receiving a certain polarized wave signal, export to the receiving system of described antenna by described waveguide port.
Slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide of the present invention can be applied to scientific research, communication, fields such as military project, particularly since it to have a volume little, manufacture simple, the control characteristic of simple is suitable for the forming array antenna very much, or constitutes the radar antenna of installing on airborne radar, shipborne radar, guided missile and the satellite, can radiation or receive multiple polarized wave, for example: linear polarization, a left side or right-handed circular polarization, elliptically polarised wave etc.
Because the polarization conversion speed of the polarization of antenna of the present invention equals the phase shift speed of described phase shifting equipment substantially, in the prior art, described phase shifting equipment has had many kinds, is a mature technique, can reach very high phase shift speed index.Thereby, utilize these phase shifting equipments of the prior art made antenna of the present invention had can the rapid polarization conversion characteristics.
The radar that utilizes described antenna of the present invention to constitute, because its antenna can have the characteristics of rapid polarization conversion, searching target or change self radiation wave polarization fast very easily fast, can be applied to have in the radar system of polarization self-adaptive features, be applied in the stealthy of radar and the anti-stealth technololgy field.
Figure 1 shows that the key diagram of first embodiment that the present invention is selected.
Figure 2 shows that the further instruction figure of first embodiment that the present invention is selected.
Figure 3 shows that the key diagram of the another embodiment that the present invention is selected.
In order to further specify the selected slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide of the present invention, exemplify the selected most preferred embodiment of the present invention below.
With reference to figure 1, in the present embodiment, described antenna has one section waveguide (1); Waveguide (1) is a rectangular waveguide, has rectangular enclosure (2), the port (a) of waveguide (1) is for being used to connect the waveguide port of described electric power system or receiving system, a reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment (3) is installed on the another port of waveguide (1), waveguide (1) has narrow limit (4) and broadside (5), has cross gap (6) on the broadside (5) of waveguide (1).
In the present embodiment, reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment (3) is to be made of the reflection phase shifter of selling on the market that can regulate phase-shift phase continuously.With reference to figure 2, the reflective phase shifting equipment (3) that is made of this phase shifter has port (9), and this port (9) connects with the end (b) of described waveguide (1); This phase shifting equipment (3) can reflect the incident wave (10) by its port (9) input, produce reflected wave (11), this phase shifting equipment (3) has two control ends (7,8), be applied to the signal of telecommunication between the control end (7,8) by adjustment, can change described reflected wave (11) phase-shift phase of incident wave (10) relatively.This phase shifting equipment (3) can make reflected wave (11) relatively incident wave (10) produce 0 °～360 °, comprise the phase shift of 0 ° and 360 °.
When utilizing the described antenna of present embodiment to constitute transmitting radar antenna, after having the signal of stationary phase and amplitude by the input of the port (a) of waveguide (1), control end (7,8) in phase shifting equipment (3) applies a certain signal of telecommunication, slit (6) in the described waveguide (1) is given off and the corresponding a kind of polarized wave of this signal of telecommunication, change control end (7, the 8) signal of telecommunication that is applied to phase shifting equipment (3), can make the slit (6) in the described waveguide (1) give off the polarized wave corresponding, different with the described signal of telecommunication.
When utilizing the described antenna of present embodiment to constitute the reception antenna of radar, after the control end (7,8) of described phase shifting equipment (3) applies a certain signal of telecommunication, can make described antenna only to the corresponding a kind of polarized wave sensitivity of this signal of telecommunication, receive this kind polarized wave, and it is exported to described receiving system by port (a).Change the signal of telecommunication on the control end (7,8) that is applied to phase shifting equipment (3), can make described antenna to different polarized wave sensitivities, receive and the corresponding polarized wave of the described signal of telecommunication, and the signal that receives is exported to described receiving system by port (a).
Utilize the described antenna of present embodiment can radiation and receive multiple polarized wave, as, line polarization wave, a left side or right-handed circular polarization ripple, elliptically polarised wave etc.In addition, because slit (6) is on the broadside (5) of waveguide (1), therefore, be more conducive to form array antenna.
In the present embodiment, the type that described phase shifting equipment (3) is selected for use has multiple, as: can select microwave ferrite phase shifter of the prior art for use, digital phase shifter, latching phase shifter, press the mode phase shifter, the many phase shifters described in " Microwave Technique and Antenna " published in National Defense Industry Press, " the microwave engineering basis " that the People's Telecon Publishing House publishes also can be used in the present invention.
In order to further specify present embodiment, once its main performance and method for designing are described in detail below in detail, the relation of polarization and phase-shift phase:
The described Variable Polarization Antenna of present embodiment, its longitudinal and transverse seam is the orthogonal line polarization wave of radiation respectively.If equaling incident wave, definition φ arrives the phase-shift phase that the phase shifting equipment port is produced from the cross gap center, add the phase-shift phase that phase shifting equipment produces, add reflected wave by phase shifting equipment port reflection when arriving the phase-shift phase that the cross gap center produced, then the relation of the polarization of described aerial radiation and amount of phase shift phi is as follows:
1. φ=n π, n=1,2 ..., this moment, waveguide standing internal wave node was positioned at the cross gap center, and transverse joint is produced intense radiation by maximum excitation, and longitudinal joint is not energized thereby non-radiating, and the global radiation field is the polarization line polarization wave parallel with waveguide axis.
2. φ=n π+(π)/2, n=1,2 ..., this moment, waveguide standing internal wave antinode was positioned at the cross gap center, and longitudinal joint is produced intense radiation by maximum excitation, and transverse joint is not energized thereby non-radiating.The global radiation field is the polarization line polarization wave vertical with waveguide axis.
3. φ=n π+(π)/4, n=1,2 ... this moment, cross gap was positioned in the middle of antinode and the nodal point, longitudinal and transverse all being energized and produce the equal strength radiation, because longitudinal joint radiation field and transverse joint radiation field have (π)/2 to differ, thereby total radiation field is the circularly polarised ripple.
4. when φ got its residual value, cross gap is (except the mid point) between antinode and nodal point, and longitudinal and transverse seam all is energized, the radiation that produces varying strength but two seam excitation amplitudes do not wait, and the global radiation field is the ellipse circularly polarised ripple of corresponding axis ratio.
Because the invertibity of antenna, the situation when described antenna receives when the relation of polarization and phase-shift phase and above-mentioned radiation is in full accord.
When using described antenna, by adjusting the control signal of phase shifting equipment, the phase-shift phase that changes phase shifting equipment can make described aerial radiation or receive different polarized waves.
Standing-wave ratio:
Learn by experiment, the standing wave of the described antenna of present embodiment can be accomplished very near 1, and standing-wave ratio keeps substantially constant in whole polarization conversion process, analyze its reason and be that standing-wave ratio is by the total equiva lent impedance decision of antenna, because the total equiva lent impedance of antenna is represented with the longitudinal joint equivalent conductance (representing with g) and the transverse joint equivalent resistance (using r) of cross crotch) relevant, g and r change with the amount of phase shift phi of phase shifting equipment, and variation tendency is opposite, promptly increase to the JF of n π+(π)/2 from n π as φ, n=1,2 ..., g increases to maximum from 0, and r is reduced to 0 from maximum, when Φ from n π+when (π)/2 increasing to (n+1) π, g is reduced to 0 from maximum, r increases to maximum from 0, thereby make total equiva lent impedance substantially constant of described antenna, thereby standing-wave ratio numerical value also keeps substantially constant.Example: the maximum of g and r is taken as at 0.84 o'clock, and it is constant about 1.5 that experiment records standing wave.
Directional diagram:
When the phase-shift phase that changes phase shifting equipment, when making described aerial radiation line polarization wave, its directional diagram is with the single direction of stitching of waveguide is identical usually; When the change amount of moving, when making its polarized wave of described aerial radiation, its directional diagram is synthetic by the directional diagram of two quadrature components of this polarization, and its basic configuration is with the single seam of waveguide directional diagram is identical usually.
Gain:
The gain of described antenna is compared with antenna gain in the prior art, is similarly two polarization components gain sums of cross gap.
The design of antenna:
The design of described antenna is similar with the method for designing of common Waveguide slot antenna, also be to choose the slit equiva lent impedance according to the requirement of antenna match, and the longitudinal joint equivalent conductance is identical with the maximum of transverse joint equivalent resistance, by this maximum from " antenna works handbook or find corresponding slot parameter (seam long, seam wide, the position etc. of cracking) from the slot parameter curve that experiment records, " the antenna works handbook is published by National Defense Industry Press.
As another embodiment of the present invention, its place that is different from the above embodiments is, described phase shifting equipment is to be made of as described in Figure 3 phase shifter (12), this phase shifting equipment is to be assembled to spaced PIN pipe or ferrite core along axle (Y) by a plurality of, has control end (N) with the number similar number of PIN pipe or ferrite core, can make different PIN pipe conductings by control end (N) is controlled, thereby change the phase place of reflected wave (14) with respect to incident wave (13).
As another embodiment of the present invention, its place that is different from aforesaid embodiment is can have a plurality of slits in the described waveguide, and described slit can be on the narrow limit of waveguide.
Another embodiment as this experiment, its place that is different from the above embodiments is: described waveguide can be that the waveguide by different structures such as rectangular waveguide, coaxial lines constitutes, the slit that is arranged in the waveguide can be the slit of multiple shape, slit as X type or other type, also can be pass, circular hole, oval groove slit, oscillator or loudspeaker can be equipped with in the outside in these slits.Its polarization mechanism and method for designing and above-mentioned cross gap are that the Variable Polarization Antenna of radiation element is similar.
Install by a plurality of antenna alignment of the present invention in addition and can also form described array antenna.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide has one section rectangular waveguide, has the slit on the wall of described waveguide, and an end of described waveguide is a waveguide port, and the other end is a waveguide terminal, on the described waveguide terminal end fitting is installed;
It is characterized in that: the end fitting of described antenna is made of a reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment, by adjusting the control signal of described phase shifting equipment, changes the phase-shift phase of phase shifting equipment, makes described aerial radiation or receives different polarized waves.
2, antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment is to be made of the reflective adjustable phase shifting equipment that can regulate phase-shift phase continuously
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91100636 CN1025542C (en) | 1991-02-06 | 1991-02-06 | Slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91100636 CN1025542C (en) | 1991-02-06 | 1991-02-06 | Slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1052975A CN1052975A (en) | 1991-07-10 |
| CN1025542C true CN1025542C (en) | 1994-07-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91100636 Expired - Fee Related CN1025542C (en) | 1991-02-06 | 1991-02-06 | Slot antenna for variably polarized waveguide |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102723589A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-10 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Compact type waveguide feed slot antenna |
| CN103700938A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江大学 | Full metal circular polarization and liner polarization 8-shaped wave beam antenna of millimeter wave |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1460206A (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2003-12-03 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Communication card and communication device |
| EP2555421B1 (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2018-01-10 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method, device and system for polarizing signal |
| CN107124192B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2019-07-26 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | A kind of radio circuit and mobile terminal |
| US10756417B2 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2020-08-25 | Waymo Llc | Adaptive polarimetric radar architecture for autonomous driving |
| CN109729612A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-07 | 四川大学 | A kind of dual-port microwave thawing cavity of high uniformity |
| CN115189143A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Reconfigurable antenna and network device |
-
1991
- 1991-02-06 CN CN 91100636 patent/CN1025542C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102723589A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-10 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Compact type waveguide feed slot antenna |
| CN103700938A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江大学 | Full metal circular polarization and liner polarization 8-shaped wave beam antenna of millimeter wave |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1052975A (en) | 1991-07-10 |
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