CN102551707A - Method for placing electrodes when standard 12 lead electrocardiogram machine is used for detecting fetal electrocardiogram - Google Patents
Method for placing electrodes when standard 12 lead electrocardiogram machine is used for detecting fetal electrocardiogram Download PDFInfo
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- CN102551707A CN102551707A CN2012100309622A CN201210030962A CN102551707A CN 102551707 A CN102551707 A CN 102551707A CN 2012100309622 A CN2012100309622 A CN 2012100309622A CN 201210030962 A CN201210030962 A CN 201210030962A CN 102551707 A CN102551707 A CN 102551707A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/344—Foetal cardiography
Abstract
Provided is a method for placing electrodes when a standard 12 lead electrocardiogram machine is used for detecting fetal electrocardiogram. The method is mainly characterized in that (1) a right upper limb electrode VR, a left upper limb electrode VL and a left leg electrode VF are adhered on an abdominal wall above public symphysis, an abdominal wall above fundus and a side abdominal wall; (2) a right leg electrode RL is adhered on a convenient portion of an abdominal wall; and (3) six chest lead electrodes C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 are respectively adhered at vertexes of a regular hexagon of the surface of the abdominal wall of a pregnant woman, the center of the regular hexagon is a middle point of a connecting line between the electrode of the abdominal wall above the public symphysis and the abdominal wall above the fundus or is the location point of the navel of the pregnant woman, simultaneously, upper and lower symmetrical transverse lines of the regular hexagon penetrate the two transverse farthest vertexes, and the diameter of a circumcircle of the regular hexagon is about 20cm. In the electrode placing scheme, the standard 12 lead electrocardiogram machine can stably record the fetal electrocardiogram with high signal to noise ratio and is dual-purpose, so that cost of hospitals is saved.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to a kind of laying method of leading electrocardiograph electrode when detecting the fetal rhythm electricity with standard 12.
It is the have an electro-cardiogram electrocardiograph of common usefulness of when inspection of adult that standard 12 is led electrocardiograph.The electrocardiogram of being done for the ease of same patient's different times compares, and according to its standard, lays 10 electrodes at adult's body surface during measurement; Be respectively---right upper extremity electrode VR, left upper extremity electrode VL, right lower limb electrode RL; Left side lower limb electrode VF, 6 chest electrode C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6; Based on these electrode measurements and synthesize 12 lead electrocardiosignal---I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6.If represent its respective electrode to belong to the potential value at body surface position with the numbering of each electrode, then the synthesis mode of standard 12 lead signals is following:
(1) standard limb lead: leads I=VL-VR; Leads I I=VF-VR; Leads I II=VF-VL;
(2) augmented limb lead: aVR=VR-(VL+VF)/2; AVL=VL-(VR+VF)/2; AVF=VF-(VL+VR)/2;
(3) chest lead: breast is led Vi=Ci-(VR+VL+VF)/3, i=1 ..., 6.
Standard 12 is led electrocardiograph when realizing in inside, and is actual only with detecting 8 tunnel lead signals independently, comprises accurate limb lead signal of 2 road signs and 6 tunnel chest lead signals; Other 4 tunnel lead signals go out through formula to calculating with this 8 tunnel lead signals.And in realized inside, right upper extremity electrode, left upper extremity electrode and left lower limb electrode added that through every lead the resistance in 5000 Europe links together, and node is called " central electric terminal ", as the reference ground of analog circuit; Right lower limb electrode is connected to the analog references ground or the driven-right-leg circuit of electrocardiograph internal circuit, disturbs with the common-mode voltage of eliminating human body.When standard 12 was led electrocardiograph actual detected adult electrocardiogram, 4 limb conductive electrode were all used electrode holder usually, and 6 breast conductive electrode are all used usually and inhaled the ball electrode or all use SMD electrode.
Lead the machine of electrocardiograph with standard 12 and measure the fetus electrocardio, standard the put method of its 10 electrodes when the placement of parent body surface becomes people detection certainly should be different to some extent, and the present invention is exactly a scheme of how placing at the parent body surface about it.
Background technology
At present, at parent body surface detection fetus electrocardio, all use custom-designed fetal electrocardiograph to carry out both at home and abroad.The fetal electrocardiograph that singly leads that uses 3 electrode detection 1 road signals is arranged, like the fetal electrocardiograph FECG-D of productions such as preceding Zhejiang Institute of Computing Technology exploitation in 2000, Guangdong Ke Meien group; Also have and adopt the more multi-lead fetal electrocardiograph of multi-electrode detection multiple signals; Product G Y-EXPL like Huanan Medical Electrical Tech Co., Ltd., Henan uses 6 electrodes to obtain 4 tunnel lead signals, and the Wireless Fetal Electrocardiogram Monitoring System based on S3C2410 of Fudan University's development adopts 4 electrodes to obtain 2 tunnel lead signals.To lead electrocardiograph different with standard 12 on number of electrodes for existing custom-designed fetal electrocardiograph, realize in inside that also to lead electrocardiograph different with standard 12, and no longer there be " central electric terminal " in inside.
Singly lead 3 electrodes of fetal electrocardiograph of existing specialized designs at the typical laying method of parent body surface are: 2 positive and negative electrodes (being test electrode and reference electrode), and 1 places pubic symphysis top stomach wall, and 1 places top stomach wall at the bottom of the palace; 1 electrode in addition, promptly the right in other words lower limb electrode of indifferent electrode places right thigh or left thigh inboard.The number of electrodes of existing specialized designs multi-lead fetal electrocardiograph is all more than 4, and wherein 1 be that indifferent electrode, 1 are reference electrode, and the test point electrode is more than 2; The typical laying method of test point electrode is---has electrode to be placed on maternal abdominal, has electrode to be placed on the parent thoracic wall, so that self-adaptive processing or other fusion treatment of follow-up fetus electrocardio when purifying.
At present, also do not see and lead electrocardiograph with standard 12 and detect the cardiac electrical report of fetus.Possible reason is: (1) clinically, electrode is placed by 12 beacons are accurate at anemia of pregnant woman's body surface, when promptly the routine of 4 limb conductive electrode and 6 breast conductive electrode is placed, is difficult for seeing fetal electrocardiogram in standard 12 tunnel lead signals of acquisition; When (2) related personnel wants to change the electrode laying method, do not know how 10 electrodes are placed, particularly 4 folder formula limb conductive electrode do not know how to handle, and standard 12 inside of leading electrocardiograph is realized with special-purpose fetal electrocardiograph different after all; (3) related personnel guesses that the fetus electrocardio is too small with respect to the parent electrocardio, lead the adult electrocardiogram machine with 12 and does not detect the fetal rhythm electricity certainly, thereby just nobody does test.If can lead electrocardiograph detection record fetus electrocardio preferably with standard 12, then can dual-use concerning hospital, need not join special fetal electrocardiograph, to practice thrift the cost of hospital.
Present problem is: detection record needs a scheme to the fetus electrocardio not know how to place preferably electrode that standard 12 is led electrocardiograph at anemia of pregnant woman's body surface.
List of references:
[1] Gao Zhen occupies the Guiping, Zuo Zhiming (Norman Bethune Medical University): singly lead the development of fetus electro-cardiograph, health care equipment, the 1st phase of calendar year 2001.
[2] Huanan Medical Electrical Tech Co., Ltd., Henan, fetal electrocardiograph, in May, 2006, Chinese utility model patent: Z1200520111843.5
[3] Lu Yaosheng, Liang Yuhou: be used to monitor the method and apparatus of parent uterine contraction activity and control labor, Chinese invention patent, application number: 03113712.1
[4] Wang Jiada, Liu Zuwang: based on the design of the Wireless Fetal Electrocardiogram Monitoring System of S3C2410, Chinese medical apparatus magazine, 2007 31 the 7th phases of volume.
[5] Li Zhongjian etc.: stomach wall fetal electrocardiogram 1633 routine examining reports, Chinese doctor studies magazine the 29th volume the 2nd phase general news column February in 2006
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention.
Propose a kind of standard 12 and lead the placement schemes of electrocardiographicelectrodes electrodes, make it can detect and record the fetus electrocardio preferably at anemia of pregnant woman's body surface.
Technical scheme.
The laying method of electrode comprises steps such as processing preparation and the placement before placing, the present invention proposes a kind of laying method of electrode when leading electrocardiograph detection fetus electrocardio with standard 12, and it is characterized in that: (1) test electrode all adopts SMD electrode; (2) anemia of pregnant woman's body surface electrode to be pasted is clean with alcohol wipe; (3) electric conductivity of conducting resinl or conductive liquid is better than common adult with conducting resinl or conductive liquid; (4) right upper extremity VR, left upper extremity VL, left lower limb VF three electrodes in accurate to former 12 beacons let it 1 adhere on pubic symphysis top stomach wall, and it 1 adheres on top stomach wall at the bottom of the palace, and it 1 adheres on right side stomach wall or left side stomach wall; (5), adhere on the position that makes things convenient for of stomach wall to the right lower limb electrode RL in the former 12 beacons standard; (6) to 6 breast conductive electrode C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 in the former 12 beacons standard; Adhere on the regular hexagon summit on anemia of pregnant woman's stomach wall surface respectively; Regular hexagon is the center with the mid point of 2 lines of stomach wall electrode above at the bottom of pubic symphysis top stomach wall electrode and the palace, is the center with the umbilicus loca perhaps, simultaneously; Orthohexagonal symmetrical horizontal line up and down passes two horizontal farthest vertices, and the regular hexagon circumscribed circle diameter is got about 20cm.Above arrangement of electrodes scheme for ease, is described by the pregnant woman lays on her back position.Arrangement of electrodes scheme sketch map is seen accompanying drawing 1.
With the top electrode placement schemes is not that the inventor arbitrarily proposes, but leads electrocardiograph with standard 12, and a large amount of clinical trials through to 100 anemia of pregnant woman propose on the basis of having found certain law.These rules comprise: (1) 12 leads when 10 electrodes of electrocardiograph are unified to use SMD electrode, and polarizing voltage is little, and the signal to noise ratio height of the signal of surveying is found fetal rhythm more easily; (2) before pasting electrode slice, treat that to paste the position clean with alcohol wipe, and with conducting resinl or conductive liquid preferably, then the signal to noise ratio of the signal of surveying height is found fetal rhythm more easily; It is generally acknowledged that (3) the female fetal rhythm electricity of anemia of pregnant woman's body surface mixes, the fetal rhythm electricity is too small; What be difficult for seeing records, but the inventor discovers that the fetus electrocardio is not little on some point of anemia of pregnant woman's stomach wall or the direction; Even can be also big by parent electrocardio composition, this is a brand-new discovery; (4) though shrinking diastole, heart of fetus has individual variation, fetus position difference in the Potential distribution that the parent body surface produces; But by electrode placement schemes of the present invention; Because the voltage of a plurality of directions can measure, the fetus electrocardio that leads and can record high s/n ratio is always arranged generally; (5) though standard 12 is led the inside of electrocardiograph realizes having differently with special-purpose fetal electrocardiograph, this does not hinder electrode slice to be attached to the voltage that writes down a plurality of directions behind the stomach wall.Electrode placement schemes of the present invention is the embodiment to above knowledge of regularity.
Beneficial effect.
The inventor leads electrocardiograph in hospital with standard 12 100 anemia of pregnant woman's fetal rhythm electricity has been carried out detection record.Preceding 3 anemia of pregnant woman's electrode is placed and is undertaken by the scheme of application protection, though 6 breast conductive electrode are placed on stomach wall, 4 limb conductive electrode are all pressed from both sides method (respectively electrode holder being clipped in right upper extremity, left upper extremity, left lower limb, right lower limb) with the standard of adult's thought-read electrograph; In the case, write down 10 groups of data altogether, all can't see " trace " of fetus electrocardio composition, wherein to the electrocardiogram of 1 group of data of 1 anemia of pregnant woman record shown in accompanying drawing 2.In the accompanying drawing 2,8 tunnel independence lead signals of electrocardiograph record though seeing very clearly, all are maternal ecgs, can't see fetus electrocardio composition.
To 97 anemia of pregnant woman of back, when leading electrocardiograph detection record fetal rhythm electricity, all adopt the electrode placement schemes of application protection of the present invention to carry out with standard 12.Every anemia of pregnant woman has surveyed 3 to 6 groups of data in about 5 minutes clock times, 97 anemia of pregnant woman have surveyed 454 groups of data altogether.To 3 to 6 groups of data of every anemia of pregnant woman, the electrode laying method has some to change in the scheme protection domain, and like the position that the two adjacent groups data may move right lower limb electrode, the 1 limb conductive electrode of perhaps the left side stomach wall being placed moves on to stomach wall place, right side etc. again.Discover; 414 groups of data in 454 groups of data that detect; At least exist some lead signals that sufficiently high fetal rhythm electricity signal to noise ratio (can find out tire cardiac electrical " trace " " symptom of a trend " in other words) is arranged, like this, in follow-up processing, just can separate the fetal electrocardiogram clearly of purifying out; Wherein, Some data to record; Some fetal rhythm electricity that leads is also more obvious than parent electrocardio, sees V1 and V3 lead signals (noticing during observation that fetus interval aroused in interest is littler than parent interval aroused in interest) in the accompanying drawing 5, and the concrete placement of accompanying drawing 5 test electrodes sees that accompanying drawing 3 is with shown in the accompanying drawing 4.Find in addition, the fine setting of electrode placement location in the scheme, it is equally matched to detect the cardiac electrical general effect of tire.If add up the success rate of electrode placement schemes of the present invention by the anemia of pregnant woman, then every anemia of pregnant woman of 97 anemia of pregnant woman has high-quality fetal rhythm electrographic recording to arrive, success rate 100%, and the effect of this and the accurate laying method of existing 12 beacons has formed stark contrast.
Lead electrocardiograph with standard 12 and remove test record fetal rhythm electricity by this electrode placement schemes, a tractor serves several purposes can be practiced thrift the cost of hospital.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, electrode placement schemes sketch map of the present invention when standard 12 is led electrocardiograph detection fetal rhythm electricity.
Fig. 2, the fetal rhythm electro-detection the when placement of 4 limb conductive electrode is put method with adult in the primary standard is example as a result.
Fig. 3, the concrete layout sketch map of test electrode among the embodiment.
Fig. 4, the concrete layout realistic picture of test electrode among the embodiment.
Fig. 5 places the fetal rhythm electricity result that electrode detection writes down according to this programme among the embodiment.
The specific embodiment (embodiment)
Before in October, 2011, Nanjing University tests 100 anemia of pregnant woman's fetal rhythm electricity at Nanjing Military Command's hospital general's department of obstetrics and gynecology altogether: (1) is 37 pregnant Zhou Yihou; (2) every anemia of pregnant woman only tests 1 time; (3) divide 2-3 kind arrangement of electrodes situation (fine setting in the present invention program) to survey 3-6 group data altogether at every turn; (4) every group of data are 24 seconds length, the mfer form; (5) used electrocardiograph is that Japanese photoelectricity standard 12 is led electrocardiograph---ECG-1350P.
Be to place by concrete electrode of the present invention in a certain Data Detection below: (1) test electrode all adopts the supporting SMD electrode of daily output of Japanese ECG-1350P electrocardiograph; (2) it is clean with 75% alcohol wipe that anemia of pregnant woman's body surface waits to paste electrode; (3) after the SMD electrode of the daily output of supporting electrocardiograph removes protecting film, the superior conducting resinl of one deck is arranged, need not re-use other conducting resinl or conductive liquid; (4) former 12 beacons right upper extremity VR, left upper extremity VL, left lower limb VF three electrodes in accurate adhere on top stomach wall at the bottom of pubic symphysis top stomach wall, the palace, right side stomach wall respectively; (5) to the right lower limb electrode RL in the former 12 beacons standard, adhere near the umbilicus place; (6) to 6 breast conductive electrode C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 in the former 12 beacons standard; Adhere on the regular hexagon summit on anemia of pregnant woman's stomach wall surface respectively; Here, regular hexagon is about umbilicus loca centrosymmetry, simultaneously; Orthohexagonal symmetrical horizontal line up and down passes horizontal two farthest vertices, and the regular hexagon circumscribed circle diameter is got about 20cm.The concrete layout of electrode sees that accompanying drawing 3 is with shown in the accompanying drawing 4.
Standard 12 is led electrocardiograph---and the waveform of 8 independent lead signals of these data of ECG-1350P record is seen shown in the accompanying drawing 5.From accompanying drawing 5, can see; Leads I signal, leads I I signal, the V1 signal that leads, the V3 signal that leads have all clearly recorded fetal electrocardiogram in high quality, and the V1 signal that especially leads, the V3 Signal-to-Noise that leads are very high---and the composition of fetus is also bigger than precursor composition.
Claims (1)
1. lead the laying method of electrocardiograph electrode when detecting the fetus electrocardio with standard 12 for one kind, it is characterized in that: (1) test electrode all adopts SMD electrode; (2) anemia of pregnant woman's body surface electrode to be pasted is clean with alcohol wipe; (3) electric conductivity of conducting resinl or conductive liquid is better than common adult with conducting resinl or conductive liquid; (4) right upper extremity VR, left upper extremity VL, left lower limb VF three electrodes in accurate to former 12 beacons let it 1 adhere on pubic symphysis top stomach wall, and it 1 adheres on top stomach wall at the bottom of the palace, and it 1 adheres on right side stomach wall or left side stomach wall; (5), adhere on the position that makes things convenient for of stomach wall to the right lower limb electrode RL in the former 12 beacons standard; (6) to 6 breast conductive electrode C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 in the former 12 beacons standard; Adhere on the regular hexagon summit on anemia of pregnant woman's stomach wall surface respectively; Regular hexagon is the center with the mid point of 2 lines of stomach wall electrode above at the bottom of pubic symphysis top stomach wall electrode and the palace, is the center with the umbilicus loca perhaps, simultaneously; Orthohexagonal symmetrical horizontal line up and down passes two horizontal farthest vertices, and the regular hexagon circumscribed circle diameter is got about 20cm.
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| CN102973265A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-20 | 河南华南医电科技有限公司 | Fetal electrocardiogram orthorhombic lead system |
| CN103767701A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 中南民族大学 | Wearable fetal electrocardiogram monitoring system and method based on smart phones |
| CN104382585A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 蒋淑清 | Device, system and method for portably detecting vital signs of pregnant woman |
| CN107411736A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-12-01 | 孙彪 | Fetal ECG signal detection system |
| CN110090013A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-06 | 潍坊医学院 | Ecg signal acquiring method and Acquisition Circuit based on navel reference electrode |
| CN110507362A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-29 | 邹金沙 | A kind of production axis construction method, fetal head position measurement method and device |
| CN110604564A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-24 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Electrode system, fetal electrocardiosignal acquisition and measurement method and device |
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Effective date of registration: 20210104 Address after: 811-3, 8th floor, building 4, 209 Zhuyuan Road, Suzhou high tech Zone, Jiangsu Province, 215011 Patentee after: Suzhou greede medical sensor technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Box 1040, School of electronics, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093 Patentee before: NANJING University |
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