CN102548909A - Water purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a water purifier including a filter medium of which remaining usable period can be estimated in accordance with the quality of raw water. Specifically disclosed is a water purifier (1) which comprises a filter medium (29), a water volume measuring unit (22), a water pressure measuring unit (23), and a computing unit (27). The filter medium (29) purifies raw water while the raw water passes therethrough. The water volume measuring unit (22) detects the volume of the water that passes through the filter medium (29). The water pressure measuring unit (23) detects the pressure of the water on a side of the filter medium (29) adjacent to the raw water. The computing unit (27) calculates the remaining usable period of the filter medium (29) on the basis of a ratio of the volume of the water detected by the water volume measuring unit (22) to the pressure of the water detected by the water pressure measuring unit (23).

Description

Water purifier

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of water purifier, particularly relate to and a kind ofly utilize hollow-fibre membrane and ultra-filtration membrane filter materials such as (UF films) to filter former water and generate the water purifier of water purification mode.

Background technology

, generate in the water purifier of water purification mode utilizing filter material to filter former water, the water purification time, be that the obstruction of long more filter material of working hour of water purifier is serious more in the past, and water purification performance descends.

Therefore, the standard water quality and the usage quantity of former water such as each water purifier producer hypothesis tap water, and according to the data of hypothesis, set filter material standard work-ing life, be the standard time limit of service of filter material.In the filer element type water purifier, be the benchmark time limit of more renew cartridge the work-ing life of filter material, utilizing backwash (the reverse cleaning) to carry out in the water purifier of filter material regeneration, and be the backwash benchmark time limit work-ing life of filter material.If surpass the standard work-ing life of filter material, then can not obtain enough filter material water purification performance.

Therefore, when the standard that surpasses filter material as the user was used the former water of filter material, purification ratio standard water quality inferiority work-ing life or purified the former water more than the standard usage quantity, the water purification performance of the water purifier of use can reduce.If the water purifier that uses water purification performance to reduce then might produce the situation of convenience declines such as water purifying aquifer yield reduction or damage the healthy situation of user owing to drinking the water that fully purifies.

Perhaps, when the user changed the good former water of filter material or purification ratio standard water quality or purifies when being less than the former water of standard usage quantity before the standard work-ing life at filter material, do not change filter material although water purification performance also reduces, thereby produce waste.

Therefore, in order to change filter material in suitable period, disclose a kind of water purifier, this water purifier has the function of measuring or predicting filter material work-ing life and notify the user.

For example; Real the opening in flat 6-77878 number (patent documentation 1) of the open communique of Japanese Patent put down in writing a kind of purifier; This purifier directly imports tap water strainer and it is purified from stopcock; In the pipeline of above-mentioned purifier, be provided with flow measurement device, be used to measure and show the water yield that flows into polishing filter, said pipeline is communicated with stopcock and the strainer incorporating section of taking in the filer element type polishing filter.The user of this purifier holds the period of changing strainer through observing the actual water purification amount that shows.

In addition, the open communique spy of Japanese Patent opens flat 6-126274 number (patent documentation 2) and has put down in writing a kind of water purifier, and this water purifier is not detained water purification in the water purification path, so as can be in the water purification side water flowing passage of water purifier the measurement accumulation flow.

In addition; The open communique spy of Japanese Patent opens 2004-17031 number (patent documentation 3) and has put down in writing a kind of water purification AU Administrative Unit; It comprises flow sensor; Detect the water yield that flows through clean unit through said flow sensor, and when the water yield surpasses ability water purifying transportation flux, notify by notifying device.In addition, also put down in writing a kind of water purification AU Administrative Unit, it comprises pressure transmitter, detects the water yield that flows through clean unit through pressure transmitter and machine unit, and when the water yield surpasses ability water purifying transportation flux, is notified by notifying device.

In addition, the open communique spy of Japanese Patent opens 2007-75747 number (patent documentation 4) and has put down in writing a kind of water purifier, and it comprises: through water yield counting assembly, calculate the Total Water through strainer; And through water yield display unit, show through what water yield counting assembly calculated and pass through the water yield.

In addition, the open communique spy of Japanese Patent opens 2008-110327 number (patent documentation 5) and put down in writing a kind of water purifier, and it comprises: the water purifying current intelligence after under meter, detection are handled by filter material is also measured flow; And display part, show the flow of measuring.

In addition; The open communique spy of Japanese Patent opens flat 9-66207 number (patent documentation 6) and has put down in writing a kind of purifier; This purifier is assembled pressure transmitter respectively and is come measuring stress in the stream before and after the strainer, and detects the pressure-losses in the strainer use according to pressure reduction.If strainer uses elapsed time or the pressure-losses of strainer after the beginning to surpass set(ting)value, the information that need change of this purifier display filter then.

In addition, the open communique spy of Japanese Patent opens flat 9-206503 number (patent documentation 7) and has put down in writing a kind of liquid cleaning device, and this liquid cleaning device can suppress the pressure-losses of strainer and the work-ing life that the water yield reduces and prolong strainer.

Patent documentation 1: the open communique of Japanese Patent is real to be opened flat 6-77878 number

Patent documentation 2: Japanese Patent open communique spy open flat 6-126274 number

Patent documentation 3: Japanese Patent open communique spy open 2004-17031 number

Patent documentation 4: Japanese Patent open communique spy open 2007-75747 number

Patent documentation 5: Japanese Patent open communique spy open 2008-110327 number

Patent documentation 6: Japanese Patent open communique spy open flat 9-66207 number

Patent documentation 7: Japanese Patent open communique spy open flat 9-206503 number

Yet the prescribed value of accumulated water volume confirms for standard water quality through the hypothesis tap water, even during identical accumulated water volume, because of the water quality of former water before purifying is different, actual filter material work-ing life, is that substantial filter material can change work-ing life.

For example, when being lower than the former water of standard water quality when purifying water, filter material has been arrived work-ing life before accumulated water volume arrives prescribed value.Otherwise when being higher than the former water of standard water quality when purifying water, even after accumulated water volume has arrived prescribed value, the water purification performance of filter material can not reduce yet, and this filter material can also continue to use.

In addition, even if under the situation that purifies identical former water, when the water quality of former water changes because of seasonal variation, can not stipulate the prescribed value of unique accumulated water volume.

In addition, as the purifier that the open communique spy of Japanese Patent opens flat 9-66207 number (patent documentation 6) record,, be difficult to predict exactly the work-ing life of filter material according to the elapsed time after the strainer use beginning or the pressure-losses of strainer.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can be according to the water purifier of the residue time limit of service of the water quality prediction filter material of former water.

The present invention provides a kind of water purifier, and it comprises: filter material, water yield test section, hydraulic pressure test section and operational part.

Filter material makes former water through becoming water purification.Water yield test section detects the water yield through filter material.The hydraulic pressure test section detects hydraulic pressure or the hydraulic pressure of the former water side of filter material and the pressure reduction between the filtered water side hydraulic pressure of the former water side of filter material.Operational part calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material according to the ratio of the detected water yield of water yield test section with the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section.

The water yield when utilizing filter material to filter former water and the relation of hydraulic pressure differential pressure, can represent with the equation of filtration formula of following formula 1 (the sincere youth of water section, paulownia Rong Liang three write, and " chemical engineering outline ", the industry books, 1979, P276).

[formula 1]

$\frac{F_r}{A}=\frac{P_r}{\mathrm{\μ}(R_c+R_m)}$

Wherein, establish the water yield (filtration yield of unit time) and be F _r, hydraulic pressure differential pressure (filtration pressure) is P _r, filtration area (area of water flowing passage section) is that the resistance of A, Yuan Shui (filtering liq) is that the resistance of μ, filter residue (stopping up the material of filter material) is R _c, filter material resistance be R _mBecome formula 2 after the above-mentioned formula distortion.

[formula 2]

$\frac{F_r}{P_r}=\frac{A}{\mathrm{\μ}(R_c+R_m)}$

That is water yield F, _rWith filtration pressure P _rRatio (F _r/ P _r) exist with ... the resistance μ of filtration area A, former water, the resistance R of filter residue _cResistance R with filter material _mAt this, owing to can think the resistance R of filtration area A and filter material _mFor the resistance μ of constant and former water is also fixing substantially, so water yield F _rWith filtration pressure P _rRatio (F _r/ P _r) variation, basically only exist with ... the resistance R of filter residue _c

Therefore, can know, if the resistance R of filter residue by formula 2 _cBecome big, be that the filter material chocking-up degree is serious, then water yield F _rWith filtration pressure P _rRatio, be water yield F _r/ filtration pressure P _rDiminish.

If the resistance R of filter residue _cGreater than certain ultimate value, then filter material takes place to stop up and can't use, and promptly filtration time (working hour) has arrived the work-ing life of filter material.If the resistance R of filter residue _cBecome big, then detected water yield F _r/ filtration pressure P _rValue diminish.Thus, through detecting water yield F _r/ filtration pressure P _rValue, can detect the resistance R of filter residue _cSize, thereby the degree that can stop up according to filter material, calculate filter material the residue time limit of service, be the work-ing life of filter material.

Thus, the water yield test section of water purifier detects the water yield F through filter material _r, the hydraulic pressure test section detects the filtration pressure P of the former water side of filter material _r, and operational part is according to the detected water yield F of water yield test section _rWith the detected filtration pressure P of hydraulic pressure test section _rRatio, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material, by the way, can be according to the time limit of service of the actual filter material of the water quality prediction of former water.

As stated, can provide a kind of can be according to the water purifier of the residue time limit of service of the water quality prediction filter material of former water.

Particularly as filtration pressure P _rDuring for the pressure reduction between former water side hydraulic pressure of filter material and the filtered water side hydraulic pressure, that is, pass through the water yield F of filter material when the water yield test section detection of water purifier _r, when the hydraulic pressure test section detected the pressure reduction between former water side hydraulic pressure of filter material and the filtered water side hydraulic pressure, operational part was according to the detected water yield F of water yield test section _rRatio with the detected pressure reduction of hydraulic pressure test section; Calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material; By the way, a kind of water purifier can be provided, even when the air pressure of filter material filtered water side is not normal atmosphere; Also can be based on the pressure that is applied on the filter material, according to the residue time limit of service of the water quality prediction filter material of former water.In addition, the air pressure of filter material filtered water side is not that atmospheric situation is meant that water level for example is high or disposes the situation etc. that strainer beyond the filter material etc. brings the pressure-losses.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise accumulative total filtration time test section, this accumulative total filtration time test section detects filter material and brings into use the accumulative total filtration time of back water through filter material.

In addition; Preferably; When accumulative total filtration time test section detects the accumulative total filtration time of regulation; Operational part is made the ratio and the detected totally group of filtration time of accumulative total filtration time test section of the detected water yield of water yield test section and the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section, and according to the residue time limit of service of a plurality of set of calculated filter materials.

Along with the increase of water purifier filtration time, filter material stops up.Because filter material stops up, so the ratio (P of the water yield and hydraulic pressure differential pressure _r/ F _r) also diminish gradually along with the increase of filtration time.

Fig. 1 is the figure that schematically shows the ratio of the water yield and hydraulic pressure differential pressure and add up to concern between the filtration time.As shown in Figure 1, with transverse axis as accumulative total filtration time, with the longitudinal axis as the water yield/(hydraulic pressure differential pressure), if with water yield F _rWith filtration pressure P _rRatio carry out line and map, then become the dull graphic representation that reduces.

Therefore, if be defined as the water yield/(hydraulic pressure differential pressure) less than prescribed value (F _r/ P _Rt) then arrived filter material (T in work-ing life _Ot), for example more under the situation in renew cartridge period or backwash period etc., shown in Fig. 1 dotted line, extend to said prescribed value (F through line with above-mentioned graphic representation _r/ P _Rt), can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material more accurately, the filtration time (T till promptly from current time point (T) to filter material work-ing life _Or).

In addition, though used in the above-mentioned explanation, also can use (hydraulic pressure differential pressure)/water yield as the water yield/(the hydraulic pressure differential pressure) of the water yield with the ratio of hydraulic pressure differential pressure.When using (hydraulic pressure differential pressure)/water yield, along with the increase of filtration time, because of filter material stops up, it is big that numerical value becomes gradually.That is, if with transverse axis as the accumulative total filtration time, with the longitudinal axis as (hydraulic pressure differential pressure)/water yield, the value of a plurality of (hydraulic pressure differential pressure)/water yields is carried out line maps, then become the graphic representation of dull increase.At this moment, as long as if be defined as (hydraulic pressure differential pressure)/water yield greater than certain prescribed value then arrived filter material work-ing life.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise accumulative total elapsed time test section, after this water purifier of this test section detection is brought into use in accumulative total elapsed time through the accumulative total elapsed time.

In addition; Preferably; The accumulative total during elapsed time that detects regulation when accumulative total elapsed time test section; Operational part is made ratio, accumulative total filtration time test section detected accumulative total filtration time and the group in detected accumulative total elapsed time of accumulative total elapsed time test section of the detected water yield of water yield test section and the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section, and according to the residue time limit of service of a plurality of set of calculated filter materials.

The value in accumulative total elapsed time increases along with the increase of accumulative total filtration time.

Fig. 2 is the figure that schematically shows the accumulative total filtration time and concern between the accumulative total elapsed time.As shown in Figure 2, if with transverse axis as the accumulative total filtration time, with the longitudinal axis as the accumulative total elapsed time, detected a plurality of accumulative total filtration times are carried out line with the group in accumulative total elapsed time map, then become the dull graphic representation that increases.

Therefore, calculate the time limit of service of filter material, and as shown in Figure 2, the line of graphic representation is extended to (T final period of the time limit of service of the filter material that calculates through ratio and the accumulative total filtration time that uses hydraulic pressure differential pressure and the water yield _Ot), thereby can predict (T final period up to the time limit of service of filter material _Ot) till accumulative total elapsed time (T _Et).In addition, the residue accumulative total elapsed time (T till can predicting from current time point (T) to filter material work-ing life more accurately _Er).

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably, operational part calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material through carrying out the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

In the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, will add up filtration time as x, the detected water yield of water yield test section and likening to of the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section are y in the time of will detecting accumulative total filtration time x ₁, and to x and y ₁A plurality of groups use method of least squares, with y ₁Approximate function as x is expressed as y ₁=f ₁(x) form.

In the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process, in the approximate function of representing by the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, with the water yield of the former water side of filter material and the prescribed value substitution y of the ratio of hydraulic pressure differential pressure ₁, the x the when water yield of obtaining the former water side of filter material becomes prescribed value with the ratio of hydraulic pressure differential pressure.

In the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process, from the x that obtains by the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process, deduct the accumulative total filtration time of the detected maximum of accumulative total filtration time test section.

Thus, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material, the filtration time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise accumulative total elapsed time test section, after this water purifier of this test section detection is brought into use in accumulative total elapsed time through the accumulative total elapsed time.

In addition, preferably, operational part calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material through carrying out the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

In the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, will add up filtration time as x, in the time of will detecting accumulative total filtration time x the accumulative total elapsed time test section detected accumulative total elapsed time as y ₂, and to x and y ₂A plurality of groups use method of least squares, with y ₂Approximate function as x is expressed as y ₂=f ₂(x) form.

In the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, in the approximate function of being represented by the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the x that substitution is obtained by the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process obtains y ₂

In the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, from the y that obtains by the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process ₂In, deduct the accumulative total elapsed time that adds up the detected maximum of elapsed time test section.

Thus, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material, the accumulative total elapsed time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably, operational part according to separate specific time at interval, by the detected water yield of water yield test section and MV by a plurality of ratios of the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material.

When water yield test section and hydraulic pressure test section only carried out one-time detection respectively, even the error of the detected water yield and hydraulic pressure differential pressure is bigger, also must use should value.Therefore; Separate specific time at interval by the detected water yield of water yield test section and MV through use by a plurality of ratios of the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section; Can compensating error or do not use and be considered to the bigger value of relative error, smaller value for example, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material.

According to water purifier of the present invention; Preferably; The MV of a plurality of ratios of the detected water yield of water yield test section and the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section, be separate specific time at interval by in the detected water yield of water yield test section and a plurality of ratios by the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section, the MV of a plurality of ratios of size more than prescribed value of the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of hydraulic pressure test section.

Even use the hydraulic pressure test section to separate the MV of the detected a plurality of hydraulic pressure differential pressures in interval of regulation,, also have bigger error sometimes if use the residue time limit of service of the filter material that smaller value obtains.Therefore, be considered to the bigger smaller value of relative error, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material, can calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material more accurately through not using.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise notice portion.In addition preferably, when the residue time limit of service of filter material when prescribed value is following, notice portion notifies the residue time limit of service of user's filter material below prescribed value.

Residue time limit of service at filter material becomes after 0, and water purifier can not provide water purification, and in addition, cleaning or change filter material needs certain hour.During cleaning or changing filter material, water purifier can not provide water purification.Therefore, if after the residue time limit of service of filter material becomes 0, clean or change filter material again, then with clean or change filter material before residue time limit of service at filter material becomes 0 and compare, it is elongated during the water purifying that water purifier can not provide.

Therefore; When the residue time limit of service of filter material when prescribed value is following; The residue time limit of service of notifying user's filter material through notice portion below prescribed value, the user can become in residue time limit of service up to filter material till 0 during, confirm to clean or change time of filter material.

Thus, can shorten water purifier relatively can not provide during the water purifying.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise notice portion and the cleaning part that cleans filter material.In addition preferably, cleaning part can provide washing composition by the user, and uses washing composition to clean filter material.In addition preferably, when the residue time limit of service of filter material when prescribed value is following, notice portion notifies the user to cleaning part washing composition to be provided.

As stated, the user can become in the residue time limit of service of filter material before 0 during, confirm to clean or change period of filter material.In addition, can shorten water purifier relatively can not provide during the water purifying.And cleaning part cleans filter material through using washing composition, can clean filter material effectively.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise notice portion and the cleaning part that cleans filter material.In addition preferably, when the residue time limit of service of filter material when prescribed value is following, cleaning part cleans filter material.In addition preferably, the residue time limit of service of the filter material that after cleaning filter material, calculates is when prescribed value is following, and notice portion notifies the user need change filter material.

The residue time limit of service of the filter material that after cleaning filter material, calculates can be thought to deposit the dirt composition that can not wash on the filter material when prescribed value is following.At this moment, even can think and further clean filter material, can not remove dirt composition.Therefore, the residue time limit of service of the filter material that after cleaning filter material, calculates notifies the user need change filter material through notice portion when prescribed value is following, cleans the filter material that can not remove dirt composition even the user can change.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise notice portion and the cleaning part that cleans filter material.In addition preferably, when the residue time limit of service of filter material when prescribed value is following, cleaning part cleans filter material.In addition preferably, the difference of the residue time limit of service of the filter material that calculates behind the residue time limit of service of the filter material that before cleaning filter material, calculates and the cleaning filter material is when prescribed value is following, and notice portion notifies the user need change filter material.

The difference of the residue time limit of service of the filter material that calculates behind the residue time limit of service of the filter material that before cleaning filter material, calculates and the cleaning filter material even clean filter material, can not be removed sedimentary dirt composition on the filter material when prescribed value is following.At this moment, can think and deposit the dirt composition that can not wash on the filter material.Therefore, the difference of the residue time limit of service of the filter material that calculates behind the residue time limit of service of the filter material that before cleaning filter material, calculates and the cleaning filter material is when prescribed value is following, and notice portion notifies the user need change filter material.Thus, even can changing, the user cleans the filter material that to remove dirt composition.

According to water purifier of the present invention, preferably also comprise being used to stop to provide the former water supply of former water to stop portion to filter material.In addition preferably, when the residue time limit of service of filter material when prescribed value is following, the former water supply portion of stopping to stop to filter material former water being provided.

When the residue time limit of service that deposits dirt composition, filter material on the filter material is shorter than to a certain degree, if former water is provided, then to compare with the long situation of the residue time limit of service of filter material to filter material, the hydraulic pressure that is applied on the filter material becomes big.If the hydraulic pressure that is applied on the filter material becomes big, then might damage filter material.When filter material sustains damage, even former water can not be removed the materials such as bacterium that from former water, remove through filter material.Therefore, when the residue time limit of service of filter material when prescribed value is following, stop former water being provided through the former water supply portion of stopping to filter material, can prevent to damage filter material.

As stated, according to the present invention, can provide a kind of water quality to predict the water purifier of the residue time limit of service of filter material according to former water.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the figure that schematically shows the ratio of the water yield and hydraulic pressure differential pressure and add up to concern between the filtration time.

Fig. 2 is the figure that schematically shows the accumulative total filtration time and concern between the accumulative total elapsed time.

Fig. 3 is the whole figure of water purifier that schematically shows first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of first embodiment of the invention is handled.

Fig. 5 is the whole figure of water purifier that schematically shows second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of second embodiment of the invention is handled.

Fig. 7 is the whole figure of water purifier that schematically shows third embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 8 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of third embodiment of the invention is handled.

Fig. 9 is the whole figure of water purifier that schematically shows four embodiment of the invention.

Figure 10 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of four embodiment of the invention is handled.

Figure 11 is the whole figure of water purifier that schematically shows fifth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 12 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of fifth embodiment of the invention is handled.

Figure 13 is the whole figure of water purifier that schematically shows sixth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 14 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of sixth embodiment of the invention is handled.

Figure 15 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of seventh embodiment of the invention is handled.

Figure 16 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of eighth embodiment of the invention is handled.

Figure 17 is that order is represented the schema that the control of the water purifier of nineth embodiment of the invention is handled.

Description of reference numerals

1,2,3,4,5,6: water purifier, 21: water purification, former water switching part, 22: measure of water portion, 23: water-pressure survey portion; 24: filter core installation portion, 25: accumulative total filtration time test section, 26: storer, 27: operational part; 28: display part, 29: filter material, 35: accumulative total elapsed time test section, 37: operational part; 38: display part, 43: differential pressure measurement portion, 51: notice portion, 52: cleaning part.

Embodiment

Below, according to description of drawings embodiment of the present invention.

(first embodiment)

As shown in Figure 3, the water purifier 1 of first embodiment of the invention comprises: water purification, former water switching part 21, the measure of water portion 22 as water yield test section, the water-pressure survey portion 23 as the hydraulic pressure test section, the filter core installation portion 24 of accommodating filer element type filter material 29, accumulative total filtration time test section 25, storer 26, operational part 27 and display part 28.

Water purifier 1 adopts the filter core mode, and the filter core that is built-in with filter material 29 through periodic replacement keeps water purification performance.

Water purification, former water switching part 21 pass through not shown changer lever etc.; The former aqueous mode of selecting water purifier 1 output water purifying water purification pattern and exporting former water by the user of water purifier 1; And only the output water purification, promptly under the water purification pattern and current out-of-date, to accumulative total filtration time test section 25 output water purification output signals.

If from accumulative total filtration time test section 25 input measurement instruction signals, then the water yield of former water side in the water flowing passage of water purifiers 1 is measured by measure of water portion 22, and with the water yield value of measuring to storer 26 outputs.In addition, measure of water portion 22 can the use traffic transmitter etc.In addition; Measure of water portion 22 comprises use steady flow metered valve etc., and the flow control of the time per unit in the water purifier 1 is fixing for substantially, in this case; Measure of water portion 22 can provide the time span of former water according to this fixed value with in the water flowing passage, calculates the water yield through filter material.

If from accumulative total filtration time test section 25 input measurement instruction signals, then the hydraulic pressure of former water side in the water purifier water flowing passage is measured by water-pressure survey portion 23, and the hydraulic pressure value of measuring is exported to storer 26.

In addition, measure of water portion 22 and water-pressure survey portion 23 also can be through receiving the one-shot measurement instruction signal, repeatedly measure the water yield and hydraulic pressure with specified measuring intervals of TIME (" specified filtration time at interval).

Not shown filter core is installed on the filter core installation portion 24.Filter core installation portion 24 is through filter core inner hollow-fibre membrane and ultra-filtration membrane filter materials 29 such as (UF films), filters former water and generates water purification.In addition, more output reset instruction automatically during renew cartridge, thus the accumulative total filtration time in the accumulative total filtration time test section 25 is resetted with storer 26 interior data.Or also can when renew cartridge more, push not shown reset button through the user, make the 24 output reset instructions of filter core installation portion.

Accumulative total filtration time test section 25 only when the water purification output signal that receives from water purification, 21 outputs of former water switching part, when former water is filtered back output water purification by filter material 29; The accumulative total filtration time of measurement when current filter core uses beginning, and with it to storer 26 outputs.In addition, said accumulative total filtration time is reset at the time point that receives from the reset signal of filter core installation portion 24.

In addition, accumulative total filtration time test section 25 to measure of water portion 22 and water-pressure survey portion 23 output measurement instruction signals, impels them to measure the water yield and hydraulic pressure with specified filtration time at interval.

Storer 26 storage is respectively from the group as the water yield/hydraulic pressure and the accumulative total filtration time of the water yield and the ratio of hydraulic pressure of measure of water portion 22, water- pressure survey portion 23 and 25 outputs of accumulative total filtration time test section.In addition, also can store a plurality of water yields and the hydraulic pressure of equal amts respectively.

When in storer 26, having appended data; Operational part 27 is according to being stored in the water yield/hydraulic pressure more than two groups in the storer 26, that go out with each filtration time interval measurement and the group of accumulative total filtration time; The filtration time of calculating till from current time point to renew cartridge more, and with it to display part 28 outputs.

Display part 28 input and show from filtration time operational part 27 outputs, till from current time point to renew cartridge more, be the residue time limit of service of filter material.The method of calculation of the residue time limit of service of filter material are of the back.

The explanation action of the water purifier 1 of formation in the above described manner below.

As shown in Figure 4, in step S11,, utilize formula 3 to calculate the water yield/hydraulic pressure according to the water yield and the data of hydraulic pressure that are stored in the storer 26.

[formula 3]

$F_r{P}_r\left[i\right]=\frac{F_r\left[i\right]}{P_r\left[i\right]}$

Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N _i, N _iFor be stored in the quantity (＞1) of the data in the storer 26, F at interval with specified filtration time _rI the water yield that [i] goes out for each specified filtration time interval measurement, P _rI the hydraulic pressure that [i] goes out for each specified filtration time interval measurement, F _rP _rI the water yield/hydraulic pressure that [i] goes out for each specified filtration time interval measurement.

Be stored in the quantity of the data in the storer 26 at interval with specified filtration time, repeat the processing of step S11.

Or, in step S11, utilize formula 4 to calculate the water yield/hydraulic pressure when with specified measuring intervals of TIME, when specified number of times is measured the water yield and hydraulic pressure.

[formula 4]

$F_r{P}_r\left[i\right]=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{F_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]}{P_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]}}{N_j}$

Wherein, j=1,2 ..., N _j, N _jFor be stored in the quantity (＞1) of the water yield/hydraulic pressure in the storer 26, F with specified measuring intervals of TIME _r[i] [j] be specified filtration time at interval in i, in specified measuring intervals of TIME j the water yield, P _r[i] [j] be specified filtration time at interval in i, in specified measuring intervals of TIME j hydraulic pressure.

Or when only hydraulic pressure being the set of calculated water yield/hydraulic pressure more than the prescribed value, in step S11, further utilize formula 5 and formula 6 to calculate the water yield/hydraulic pressure.

[formula 5]

$N_k=\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_i}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{f}_{\mathrm{if}}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000150865010000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_r\&le;P_r[i\left]\right[j],\mathrm{1,0})$

[formula 6]

$F_r{P}_r\left[i\right]=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_i}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{f}_{\mathrm{if}}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000150865010000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_r\&le;P_r[i\left]\right[j],\frac{F_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]}{P_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]},0)}{N_k}$

Wherein, P _R1Be the prescribed value (lower value) of hydraulic pressure, N _kFor in the group that is stored in the water yield/hydraulic pressure in the storer 26 with specified measuring intervals of TIME, the quantity of the group of hydraulic pressure more than prescribed value, f _If(a, b, if if c) for judgment formula a for very the value judgment formula a that exports b for false then export the function of the value of c.

In addition, N in formula 5 _k, calculate N once more after also can reducing the prescribed value of hydraulic pressure at=0 o'clock _k, or i data (water yield/hydraulic pressure) are invalid because of error all is judged as greatly, do not use i data in the calculating afterwards.

Then, in step S12, with the group ((T of a plurality of accumulative total filtration times, the water yield/hydraulic pressure _o[1], F _rP _r[1]), (T _o[2], F _rP _r[2]) ... (T _o[N _i], F _rP _r[N _i])) be approximately input x as adding up filtration time, will exporting function (curve) y=f of y as the water yield/hydraulic pressure ₁(x).Step S12 is an example of the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

Wherein, T _o[i] is i accumulative total filtration time, y=f ₁(x) for adding up filtration time as input x, with the approximate function of the water yield/hydraulic pressure as output y.

Then, in step S13, utilize formula 7, calculate when filter core uses beginning when renew cartridge (last time more) to (this) total filtration time till more during renew cartridge.Step S13 is an example of the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

[formula 7]

T _ot＝f ₁ ⁴(F _rP _rt)

Wherein, T _OtBe (when filter core uses beginning to renew cartridge more time till) total filtration time, F _rP _RtThe water yield/hydraulic pressure during for renew cartridge more.In addition, F _rP _RtExpression can keep the lower value of the water yield/hydraulic pressure of filter core performance, F _rP _RtKind according to filter core is confirmed, and is stored in advance in the storer 26.

Then, in step S14, utilize formula 8, the filtration time till calculating from current time point to renew cartridge more.Step S14 is an example of the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

[formula 8]

T _or＝T _ot-T _o[N _i]

Wherein, T _OrBe the filtration time till from current time point to renew cartridge more.Thus, the filtration time till can predicting from current time point to renew cartridge more.

In addition, owing to work as T _Or0 when following, filter core work-ing life has been arrived in expression, so show this information on the display part 28.

Here, specifically study y=f ₁(x) function formula.

At first, if use f _R(x) expression will be imported as filtration time T _o, will export resistance R as filter residue _cResistance R with filter material _mFiltration resistance R (R=R after the addition _c+ R _m) approximate function, then become formula 9.

[formula 9]

R＝f _R(T _o)

Formula 9 substitution formula 2 are become formula 10.

[formula 10]

$\frac{F_r}{P_r}=\frac{A}{\mathrm{\&mu;}{f}_R\left(T_o\right)}$

Therefore, approximate function y=f ₁(x) become formula 11.

[formula 11]

$y=f_1\left(x\right)=\frac{A}{\mathrm{\&mu;}{f}_R\left(x\right)}$

For example be well known that; During constant amount of water when using ceramic MF film as filter material is filtered, the relation of filtration time and filtration resistance can be approximated to be the exponential function shown in the formula 12 (all build help too outstanding; The abundant university of qi water quality safety research department Master's thesis " the different particulate of particle diameter 1 group to membrane filtration resistance impact assessment ", 2007).

[formula 12]

f _R(x)＝a{exp(bx)} ⁴

Wherein, a＞0, b＞0.Formula 12 substitution formula 11 are become formula 13.

[formula 13]

$y=f_1\left(x\right)=\frac{A}{\mathrm{\&mu;a}{\left\{\exp \left(\mathrm{bx}\right)\right\}}^4}$

Therefore, according to a plurality of accumulative total filtration times of measuring, the group of the water yield/hydraulic pressure,, can confirm unique f through using method of least squares design factor a, b ₁(x) function formula.

Even during the filter material beyond using ceramic MF film, also can wait and obtain f through experiment _R(x) formula, thus confirm f ₁(x) formula.

Wherein, because formula 12 is constant amount of water when filtering and the formula under the water quality rigid condition of former water, so, can strictness not satisfy formula 13 sometimes according to the water purifier behaviour in service of reality.

But, filtration time and the water yield/hydraulic pressure concern that one is decided to be on few this aspect of monotone decreasing, can not think and can significantly depart from formula 13.

And, because along with filtration time increases, the prolongation amplitude of the line of graphic representation diminishes, so the error when filter material calculates work-ing life diminishes.

Though the water purifier 1 of first embodiment is the water purifier of filter core mode, the present invention is also effective to utilizing backwash to carry out the water purifier of filter material regeneration.

In the water purifier of backwash mode, can utilize the filtration time till filter material regeneration is carried out in backwash from current time point to needs with prediction, the filtration time till substituting from current time point to renew cartridge more.

And, through measuring the water yield and the hydraulic pressure after backwash has just finished and obtain the water yield/hydraulic pressure, can estimate the regeneration level that utilizes the filter material 29 that backwash carries out.

For example; If the water yield/hydraulic pressure after backwash has just finished is less than prescribed value and further carry out backwash carefully; The said water yield/hydraulic pressure still can not then can determine the work-ing life of filter material greater than prescribed value, and can impel and change filter material or water purifier itself.

As stated, the water purifier 1 of first embodiment comprises: filter material 29, measure of water portion 22, water-pressure survey portion 23 and operational part 27.

Filter material 29 makes former water through becoming water purification.The water yield that measure of water portion 22 is detected through filter material 29.The hydraulic pressure of filter material 29 former water sides detects in water-pressure survey portion 23.Operational part 27 calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 according to the ratio of the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields and water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure.

Thus, can provide a kind of can be according to the water purifier 1 of the residue time limit of service of the water quality prediction filter material 29 of former water.

In addition, the water purifier 1 of first embodiment comprises accumulative total filtration time test section 25, and this accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detects filter material 29 and uses the accumulative total filtration time of beginning back water through filter material 29.

When accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detects the accumulative total filtration time of regulation; Operational part 27 is made the ratio and the accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detected groups that add up filtration times of the hydraulic pressure that the water yield that measure of water portions 22 detect and water-pressure survey portion 23 detect, and according to the residue time limit of service of a plurality of set of calculated filter materials 29.

Along with the increase of the filtration time of water purifier 1, filter material 29 stops up.Because filter material 29 stops up, so the ratio (P of the water yield and hydraulic pressure _r/ F _r) along with the increase of filtration time diminishes gradually.That is, if will add up filtration time as transverse axis, with the water yield/hydraulic pressure as the longitudinal axis, and to water yield F _rWith hydraulic pressure P _rRatio carry out line and map, then become the dull graphic representation that reduces.

Therefore; If be defined as the water yield/hydraulic pressure less than prescribed value arrived filter material work-ing life, for example under the situation for renew cartridge period more or backwash period etc.; Extend to said prescribed value through line, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 more accurately, the filtration time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life above-mentioned graphic representation.

In addition, in the above-mentioned explanation, use the water yield/hydraulic pressure, but also can use hydraulic pressure/water yield as the ratio of the water yield and hydraulic pressure.When using the hydraulic pressure/water yield, along with the increase of filtration time, because of filter material 29 stops up, it is big that the value of hydraulic pressure/water yield becomes gradually.That is, if will add up filtration time as transverse axis, with hydraulic pressure/water yield as the longitudinal axis, and the value of a plurality of hydraulic pressure/water yields is carried out line maps, then become the dull graphic representation that increases.At this moment, as long as surpass predetermined value then arrived filter material work-ing life if be defined as hydraulic pressure/water yield.

In addition, in the water purifier 1 of first embodiment, operational part 27 calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through carrying out the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

In the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process; To add up filtration time as x, measure of water portion's 22 detected water yields and likening to of water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure are y in the time of will detecting accumulative total filtration time x; And use method of least squares to x and y a plurality of groups, y is expressed as y=f as the approximate function of x ₁(x) form.

In the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process; In the approximate function of representing by the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process; Behind the prescribed value substitution y with the ratio of the water yield of filter material 29 former water sides and hydraulic pressure, the x the when ratio of obtaining the water yield and the hydraulic pressure of filter material 29 former water sides is prescribed value.

In the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process, from the x that obtains by the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process, deduct the accumulative total filtration time of the detected maximum of accumulative total filtration time test section.

Thus, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material 29, the filtration time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

In addition; In the water purifier 1 of first embodiment; Preferably, operational part 27 according to separate specific time at interval, by the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields with by the MV of a plurality of ratios of water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29.

When measure of water portion 22 and water-pressure survey portion 23 only carried out one-shot measurement respectively, even the error of the detected water yield and hydraulic pressure is bigger, also must use should value.Therefore; Through use separate specific time at interval, by the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields with by the MV of a plurality of ratios of water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure; Can compensating error or do not use and be considered to the bigger value of relative error, smaller value for example, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29.

In addition; In the water purifier 1 of first embodiment; Preferably; The MV of a plurality of ratios of the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields and water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure, be separate specific time at interval, by in the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields and a plurality of ratios by water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure, water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure sizes are the MV of a plurality of ratios more than the prescribed value.

Even use water-pressure survey portion 23 to separate the MV of the detected a plurality of hydraulic pressure in interval of regulation,, also have bigger error sometimes if use the residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that smaller value obtains.Therefore, be considered to the residue time limit of service that the bigger smaller value of relative error is calculated filter material 29, can calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 more accurately through not using.

(second embodiment)

Filtration time till the water purifier 1 of first embodiment has been predicted from current time point to renew cartridge more, it is the time of former water through filter material 29; No matter and the water purifier water purifier of second embodiment when using with when use, can through use with reference to water purifier begin after through the accumulative total elapsed time predict more renew cartridge period.For example, can predict from now on after several days and when any day renew cartridge more.

As shown in Figure 5, the difference of the water purifier 2 of second embodiment and the water purifier 1 of first embodiment is that it comprises: accumulative total elapsed time test section 35, operational part 37 and display part 38.Other structures of water purifier 2 are identical with the water purifier 1 of first embodiment.

Accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 is measured elapsed time when the use of current filter core begins.35 measurements of accumulative total elapsed time test section have also comprised when water purifier does not use, have comprised from water purifier 2 and do not discharge the accumulative total elapsed time that water purification is not discharged the time of former water yet.In addition, the said accumulative total elapsed time is reset at the time point that receives from the reset signal of filter core installation portion 24.

Operational part 37 is according to a plurality of water yield/hydraulic pressure, accumulative total filtration time and the group in accumulative total elapsed time that are stored in the storer 26, calculates and export more renew cartridge period.

Display part 38 inputs also show from the more renew cartridge period of operational part 37 outputs.

In addition, adopt the Reference numeral identical, and omitted and specify with first embodiment with the water purifier of first embodiment 1 identical handling part.

The explanation action of the water purifier 2 of second embodiment of formation in the above described manner below.

As shown in Figure 6, step S11 is identical to step S14 with the step S11 that the operational part 27 of first embodiment carries out to step S14.

In step S25, with a plurality of accumulative total filtration times, the group ((T in accumulative total elapsed time _o[1], T _e[1]), (T _o[2], T _e[2]) ... (T _o[Ni], T _e[Ni])), be approximately the accumulative total filtration time as importing x, will adding up function (curve) y=f of elapsed time as output y ₂(x).Approximate function is through (T _o[1], T _e[1])=(0,0).Step S25 is an example of the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

Wherein, T _e[i] is i accumulative total elapsed time, y=f ₂(x) be as adding up filtration time, will exporting the approximate function of y with input x as the accumulative total elapsed time.

In addition, owing to thinking that filtration time and elapsed time are in direct ratio substantially, so y=f ₂(x) function formula can be approximated to be the linear function (with the linear function that the form of y=ax is represented, a＞0) through initial point.

In step S26, utilize formula 14, the total elapsed time till when calculating when filter core uses beginning renew cartridge more.Step S26 is an example of the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

[formula 14]

T _et＝f ₂(T _ot)

Wherein, the total elapsed time till will be when filter core uses when beginning to renew cartridge more is as T _Et

In step S27, utilize formula 15, the elapsed time till calculating from current time point to renew cartridge more.Step S27 is an example of the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

[formula 15]

T _er＝T _ct-f ₂(T _o[N _i])

Wherein, the elapsed time till will be from current time point to renew cartridge more is as T _Er

Thus, the elapsed time till can predicting from current time point to renew cartridge more.

In addition, owing to work as T _ErValue 0 when following, filter core work-ing life has been arrived in expression, so on display part 38, show this information.

As stated, the water purifier 2 of second embodiment comprises accumulative total elapsed time test section 35, said accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 detect this water purifier 2 use after the beginning through the accumulative total elapsed time.

When the accumulative total during elapsed time that detects regulation through accumulative total elapsed time test section 35; Operational part 37 is made ratio, accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detected accumulative total filtration times and the accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 detected groups that add up the elapsed time of measure of water portion's 22 detected water yields and water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure, and according to the residue time limit of service of a plurality of set of calculated filter materials 29.

Along with the increase of accumulative total filtration time, it is big that the value in accumulative total elapsed time becomes.That is, if will add up filtration time as transverse axis, will add up the elapsed time as the longitudinal axis, detected a plurality of accumulative total filtration times are carried out line with the group in accumulative total elapsed time map, then become the dull graphic representation that increases.

Therefore; Through using hydraulic pressure and the ratio and the accumulative total filtration time of the water yield to calculate the time limit of service of using filter material 29; And the line of graphic representation extended to final period of the time limit of service of the filter material 29 that calculates, can predict the accumulative total elapsed time of filter material 29 till the final period of time limit of service.In addition, the residue accumulative total elapsed time till can predicting from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

In addition, in the water purifier 2 of second embodiment, operational part 37 calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through carrying out the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

In the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process; To add up filtration time and add up the 35 detected accumulative total elapsed time of elapsed time test section as y as x, in the time of will detecting accumulative total filtration time x; And use method of least squares to x and y a plurality of groups, y is expressed as y=f as the approximate function of x ₂(x) form.

In the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, in the approximate function of being represented by the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the x that the substitution second accumulative total filtration time calculating process is obtained obtains y.

In the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, from the y that obtains by the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, deduct the accumulative total elapsed time of accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 detected maximums.

Thus, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material 29, the accumulative total elapsed time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

(the 3rd embodiment)

As shown in Figure 7, the water purifier 3 of third embodiment of the invention comprises: water purification, former water switching part 21, the measure of water portion 22 as water yield test section, the differential pressure measurement portion 43 as the hydraulic pressure test section, the filter core installation portion 24 of accommodating filer element type filter material 29, accumulative total filtration time test section 25, storer 26, operational part 27 and display part 28.

Identical with the water purifier 1 of first embodiment, water purifier 3 adopts the filter core mode, keeps water purification performance through the filter core that regularly replaces built-in filter material 29.

Water purification, former water switching part 21 pass through not shown changer lever etc.; The former aqueous mode of selecting water purifier 3 output water purifying water purification patterns and exporting former water by the user of water purifier 3; And only the output water purification, promptly under the water purification pattern and current out-of-date, to accumulative total filtration time test section 25 output water purification output signals.

If from accumulative total filtration time test section 25 input measurement instruction signals, then the water yield of former water side in the water flowing passage of water purifiers 3 is measured by measure of water portion 22, and with the water yield value of measuring to storer 26 outputs.

If from accumulative total filtration time test section 25 input measurement instruction signals, then the hydraulic pressure of filter material 29 former water sides in the water purifier water flowing passage and the pressure reduction between the filtered water side hydraulic pressure are measured by differential pressure measurement portion 43, and the pressure difference of measuring is exported to storer 26.

In addition, measure of water portion 22 and differential pressure measurement portion 43 can be through receiving the one-shot measurement instruction signal, with specified measuring intervals of TIME (" specified filtration time at interval), repeatedly measure the water yield and pressure reduction.

Not shown filter core is installed on the filter core installation portion 24.Filter core installation portion 24 is through filter core inner hollow-fibre membrane and ultra-filtration membrane filter materials 29 such as (UF films), filters former water and generates water purification.In addition, more output reset instruction automatically during renew cartridge, thus the accumulative total filtration time in the accumulative total filtration time test section 25 is resetted with storer 26 interior data.Or also can when renew cartridge more, push not shown reset button through the user, make the 24 output reset instructions of filter core installation portion.

Accumulative total filtration time test section 25 only when the water purification output signal that receives from water purification, 21 outputs of former water switching part, when former water is filtered back output water purification by filter material 29; The accumulative total filtration time of measurement when current filter core uses beginning, and with it to storer 26 outputs.In addition, said accumulative total filtration time is reset at the time point that receives from the reset signal of filter core installation portion 24.

In addition, accumulative total filtration time test section 25 to measure of water portion 22 and differential pressure measurement portion 43 output measurement instruction signals, impels them to measure the water yield and pressure reduction with specified filtration time at interval.

Storer 26 storage is respectively from the group as the water yield/pressure reduction and the accumulative total filtration time of the water yield and the ratio of pressure reduction of measure of water portion 22, differential pressure measurement portion 43 and 25 outputs of accumulative total filtration time test section.In addition, also can store a plurality of water yields and the pressure reduction of equal amts respectively.

When in storer 26, having appended data; Operational part 27 is according to being stored in the water yield/pressure reduction more than two groups in the storer 26, that go out with each filtration time interval measurement and the group of accumulative total filtration time; The filtration time of calculating till from current time point to renew cartridge more, and with it to display part 28 outputs.

Display part 28 input and show from filtration time operational part 27 outputs, till from current time point to renew cartridge more, be the residue time limit of service of filter material.The method of calculation of the residue time limit of service of filter material are of the back.

The explanation action of the water purifier 3 of formation in the above described manner below.

As shown in Figure 8, in step S31,, utilize formula 3 to calculate the water yield/pressure reduction according to the water yield and the data of pressure reduction that are stored in the storer 26.

[formula 3]

$F_r{P}_r\left[i\right]=\frac{F_r\left[i\right]}{P_r\left[i\right]}$

Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N _i, N _iFor be stored in the quantity (＞1) of the data in the storer 26, F at interval with specified filtration time _rI the water yield that [i] goes out for each specified filtration time interval measurement, P _rI the pressure reduction that [i] goes out for each specified filtration time interval measurement, F _rP _rI the water yield/pressure reduction that [i] goes out for each specified filtration time interval measurement.

Be stored in the quantity of the data in the storer 26 at interval with specified filtration time, repeat the processing of step S31.

Or, in step S31, utilize formula 4 to calculate the water yield/pressure reduction when with specified measuring intervals of TIME, when specified number of times is measured the water yield and pressure reduction.

[formula 4]

$F_r{P}_r\left[i\right]=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_i}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\frac{F_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]}{P_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]}}{N_j}$

Wherein, j=1,2 ..., N _j, N _jFor be stored in the quantity (＞1) of the water yield/pressure reduction in the storer 26, F with specified measuring intervals of TIME _r[i] [j] be specified filtration time at interval in i, in specified measuring intervals of TIME j the water yield, P _r[i] [j] be specified filtration time at interval in i, in specified measuring intervals of TIME j pressure reduction.

Or when only to the set of calculated water yield of pressure reduction more than prescribed value/pressure reduction, in step S31, further utilize formula 5 and formula 6 to calculate the water yield/pressure reduction.

[formula 5]

$N_k=\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_i}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{f}_{\mathrm{if}}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000150865010000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_r\&le;P_r[i\left]\right[j],\mathrm{1,0})$

[formula 6]

$F_r{P}_r\left[i\right]=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_i}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{f}_{\mathrm{if}}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P\; r"\; filenames="HDA0000150865010000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_r\&le;P_r[i\left]\right[j],\frac{F_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]}{P_r\left[i\right]\left[j\right]},0)}{N_k}$

Wherein, P _R1Be the prescribed value (lower value) of pressure reduction, N _kFor in the group that is stored in the water yield/pressure reduction in the storer 26 with specified measuring intervals of TIME, the quantity of the group of pressure reduction more than prescribed value, f _If(a, b, if if c) for judgment formula a for very the value judgment formula a that exports b for false then export the function of the value of c.

In addition, N in formula 5 _k, calculate N once more after also can reducing the prescribed value of pressure reduction at=0 o'clock _k, or i data (water yield/pressure reduction) are invalid because of error all is judged as greatly, do not use i data in the calculating afterwards.

Then, in step S32, with the group ((T of a plurality of accumulative total filtration times, the water yield/pressure reduction _o[1], F _rP _r[1]), (T _o[2], F _rP _r[2]) ... (T _o[N _i], F _rP _r[N _i])) be approximately input x as adding up filtration time, will exporting function (curve) y=f of y as the water yield/pressure reduction ₁(x).Step S32 is an example of the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

Wherein, T _o[i] is i accumulative total filtration time, y=f ₁(x) for adding up filtration time as input x, with the approximate function of the water yield/pressure reduction as output y.

Then, in step S33, utilize formula 7, calculate when filter core uses beginning when renew cartridge (last time more) to (this) total filtration time till more during renew cartridge.Step S33 is an example of the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

[formula 7]

T _ot＝f ₁ ⁴(F _rP _rt)

Wherein, T _OtBe (when filter core uses beginning to renew cartridge more time till) total filtration time, F _rP _RtThe water yield/pressure reduction during for renew cartridge more.In addition, F _rP _RtExpression can keep the lower value of the water yield/pressure reduction of filter core performance, F _rP _RtKind according to filter core is confirmed, and is stored in advance in the storer 26.

Then, in step S34, utilize formula 8, the filtration time till calculating from current time point to renew cartridge more.Step S34 is an example of the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

[formula 8]

T _or＝T _ot-T _o[N _i]

Wherein, T _OrBe the filtration time till from current time point to renew cartridge more.Thus, the filtration time till can predicting from current time point to renew cartridge more.

In addition, owing to work as T _Or0 when following, filter core work-ing life has been arrived in expression, so show this information on the display part 28.

Here, specifically study y=f ₁(x) function formula.

At first, if use f _R(x) expression will be imported as filtration time T _o, will export resistance R as filter residue _cResistance R with filter material _mFiltration resistance R (R=R after the addition _c+ R _m) approximate function, then become formula 9.

[formula 9]

R＝f _R(T _o)

Formula 9 substitution formula 2 are become formula 10.

[formula 10]

$\frac{F_r}{P_r}=\frac{A}{\mathrm{\&mu;}{f}_R\left(T_o\right)}$

Therefore, approximate function y=f ₁(x) become formula 11.

[formula 11]

$y=f_1\left(x\right)=\frac{A}{\mathrm{\&mu;}{f}_R\left(x\right)}$

For example be well known that; During constant amount of water when using ceramic MF film as filter material is filtered, the relation of filtration time and filtration resistance can be approximated to be the exponential function shown in the formula 12 (all build help too outstanding; The abundant university of qi water quality safety research department Master's thesis " the different particle swarm of particle diameter is to the impact assessment of membrane filtration resistance ", 2007).

[formula 12]

f _R(x)＝a{exp(bx)} ⁴

Wherein, a＞0, b＞0.Formula 12 substitution formula 11 are become formula 13.

[formula 13]

$y=f_1\left(x\right)=\frac{A}{\mathrm{\&mu;a}{\left\{\exp \left(\mathrm{bx}\right)\right\}}^4}$

Therefore, according to a plurality of accumulative total filtration times of measuring, the group of the water yield/pressure reduction,, can confirm unique f through using method of least squares design factor a, b ₁(x) function formula.

Even during the filter material beyond using ceramic MF film, also can wait and obtain f through experiment _R(x) formula, thus confirm f ₁(x) formula.

Wherein, because formula 12 is constant amount of water when filtering and the formula under the water quality rigid condition of former water, so, can strictness not satisfy formula 13 sometimes according to the water purifier behaviour in service of reality.

But, must be dull the minimizing on this aspect in the relation of filtration time and the water yield/pressure reduction, can not think and can significantly depart from formula 13.

And, because along with filtration time increases, the prolongation amplitude of the line of graphic representation diminishes, so the error when filter material calculates work-ing life diminishes.

Though the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment is the water purifier of filter core mode, the present invention is also effective to utilizing backwash to carry out the water purifier of filter material regeneration.

In the water purifier of backwash mode, can utilize the filtration time till filter material regeneration is carried out in backwash from current time point to needs with prediction, the filtration time till substituting from current time point to renew cartridge more.

And, through measuring the water yield and the pressure reduction after backwash has just finished and obtain the water yield/pressure reduction, can estimate the regeneration level that utilizes the filter material 29 that backwash carries out.

For example; If the water yield/pressure reduction after backwash has just finished is less than prescribed value and further carry out backwash carefully; The said water yield/pressure reduction still can not then can determine the work-ing life of filter material greater than prescribed value, and can impel and change filter material or water purifier itself.

As stated, the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment comprises: filter material 29, measure of water portion 22, differential pressure measurement portion 43 and operational part 27.

Filter material 29 makes former water through becoming water purification.The water yield that measure of water portion 22 is detected through filter material 29.The pressure reduction of filter material 29 former water sides detects in differential pressure measurement portion 43.Operational part 27 calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 according to the ratio of the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields and differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction.

Thus, can provide a kind of can be according to the water purifier 3 of the residue time limit of service of the water quality prediction filter material 29 of former water.

Particularly since operational part 27 according to the 22 detected water yield F of measure of water portion _rRatio with differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction; Calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29; So a kind of water purifier 3 can be provided; Even the air pressure in filter material 29 filtered water sides is not under the atmospheric situation, also can be based on the pressure that is applied on the filter material 29, and predict the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 according to the water quality of former water.In addition, the air pressure of filter material 29 filtered water sides is not atmospheric situation, for example is water level height or the situation that disposes build-ups of pressure such as the strainer loss beyond the filter material 29 etc.

In addition, the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment comprises accumulative total filtration time test section 25, and this accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detects filter material 29 and uses the accumulative total filtration time of beginning back water through filter material 29.

When accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detects the accumulative total filtration time of regulation; Operational part 27 is made the ratio and the accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detected groups that add up filtration times of the pressure reduction that the water yield that measure of water portions 22 detect and differential pressure measurement portion 43 detect, and according to the residue time limit of service of a plurality of set of calculated filter materials 29.

Along with the increase of the filtration time of water purifier 3, filter material 29 stops up.Because filter material 29 stops up, so the ratio (P of the water yield and pressure reduction _r/ F _r) along with the increase of filtration time diminishes gradually.That is, if will add up filtration time as transverse axis, with the water yield/pressure reduction as the longitudinal axis, and to water yield F _rWith pressure reduction P _rRatio carry out line and map, then become the dull graphic representation that reduces.

Therefore; If be defined as the water yield/pressure reduction less than prescribed value arrived filter material work-ing life, for example under the situation for renew cartridge period more or backwash period etc.; Extend to said prescribed value through line, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 more accurately, the filtration time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life above-mentioned graphic representation.

In addition, in the above-mentioned explanation, use the water yield/pressure reduction, but also can use pressure reduction/water yield as the ratio of the water yield and pressure reduction.When using the pressure reduction/water yield, along with the increase of filtration time, because of filter material 29 stops up, it is big that the value of pressure reduction/water yield becomes gradually.That is, if will add up filtration time as transverse axis, with pressure reduction/water yield as the longitudinal axis, and the value of a plurality of pressure reduction/water yields is carried out line maps, then become the dull graphic representation that increases.At this moment, as long as surpass predetermined value then arrived filter material work-ing life if be defined as pressure reduction/water yield.

In addition, in the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment, operational part 27 calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through carrying out the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process.

In the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process; To add up filtration time as x, measure of water portion's 22 detected water yields and likening to of differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction are y in the time of will detecting accumulative total filtration time x; And use method of least squares to x and y a plurality of groups, y is expressed as y=f as the approximate function of x ₁(x) form.

In the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process; In the approximate function of representing by the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process; Behind the prescribed value substitution y with the ratio of the water yield of filter material 29 former water sides and pressure reduction, the x the when ratio of obtaining the water yield and the pressure reduction of filter material 29 former water sides is prescribed value.

In the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process, from the x that obtains by the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process, deduct the accumulative total filtration time of the detected maximum of accumulative total filtration time test section.

Thus, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material 29, the filtration time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

In addition; In the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment; Preferably, operational part 27 according to separate specific time at interval, by the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields with by the MV of a plurality of ratios of differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29.

When measure of water portion 22 and differential pressure measurement portion 43 only carried out one-shot measurement respectively, even the error of the detected water yield and pressure reduction is bigger, also must use should value.Therefore; Through use separate specific time at interval, by the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields with by the MV of a plurality of ratios of differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction; Can compensating error or do not use and be considered to the bigger value of relative error, smaller value for example, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29.

In addition; In the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment; Preferably; The MV of a plurality of ratios of the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields and differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction, be separate specific time at interval, by in the measure of water portion 22 detected water yields and a plurality of ratios by differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction, differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected magnitude of pressure differential are the MV of a plurality of ratios more than the prescribed value.

Even use differential pressure measurement portion 43 to separate the MV of the detected a plurality of pressure reduction in interval of regulation,, also have bigger error sometimes if use the residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that smaller value obtains.Therefore, be considered to the residue time limit of service that the bigger smaller value of relative error is calculated filter material 29, can calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 more accurately through not using.

Other structures of the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment are identical with the water purifier 1 of first embodiment with effect.

(the 4th embodiment)

Filtration time till the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment has been predicted from current time point to renew cartridge more, it is the time of former water through filter material 29; No matter and the water purifier water purifier of the 4th embodiment when using with when use, can through use with reference to water purifier begin after through the accumulative total elapsed time predict more renew cartridge period.For example, can predict from now on after several days and when any day renew cartridge more.

As shown in Figure 9, the difference of the water purifier 4 of the 4th embodiment and the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment is that it comprises: accumulative total elapsed time test section 35, operational part 37 and display part 38.Other structures of water purifier 4 are identical with the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment.

Accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 is measured elapsed time when the use of current filter core begins.35 measurements of accumulative total elapsed time test section have also comprised when water purifier does not use, have comprised from water purifier 4 and do not discharge the accumulative total elapsed time that water purification is not discharged the time of former water yet.In addition, the said accumulative total elapsed time is reset at the time point that receives from the reset signal of filter core installation portion 24.

Operational part 37 is according to a plurality of water yield/pressure reduction, accumulative total filtration time and the group in accumulative total elapsed time that are stored in the storer 26, calculates and export more renew cartridge period.

Display part 38 inputs also show from the more renew cartridge period of operational part 37 outputs.

In addition, adopt the Reference numeral identical, and omitted and specify with the 3rd embodiment with the water purifier of the 3rd embodiment 3 identical handling parts.

The explanation action of the water purifier 4 of the 4th embodiment of formation in the above described manner below.

Shown in figure 10, step S41 is identical to step S34 with the step S31 that the operational part 27 of the 3rd embodiment carries out to step S44.

In step S45, with a plurality of accumulative total filtration times, the group ((T in accumulative total elapsed time _o[1], T _e[1]), (T _o[2], T _e[2]) ... (T _o[N _i], T _e[N _i])), be approximately the accumulative total filtration time as importing x, will adding up function (curve) y=f of elapsed time as output y ₂(x).Approximate function is through (T _o[1], T _e[1])=(0,0).Step S45 is an example of the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

Wherein, T _e[i] is i accumulative total elapsed time, y=f ₂(x) be as adding up filtration time, will exporting the approximate function of y with input x as the accumulative total elapsed time.

In addition, owing to thinking that filtration time and elapsed time are in direct ratio substantially, so y=f ₂(x) function formula can be approximated to be the linear function (with the linear function that the form of y=ax is represented, a＞0) through initial point.

In step S46, utilize formula 14, the total elapsed time till when calculating when filter core uses beginning renew cartridge more.Step S46 is an example of the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

[formula 14]

T _et＝f ₂(T _ot)

Wherein, the total elapsed time till will be when filter core uses when beginning to renew cartridge more is as T _Et

In step S47, utilize formula 15, the elapsed time till calculating from current time point to renew cartridge more.Step S47 is an example of the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

[formula 15]

T _er＝T _er-f ₂(T _o[N _i])

Wherein, the elapsed time till will be from current time point to renew cartridge more is as T _Er

Thus, the elapsed time till can predicting from current time point to renew cartridge more.

In addition, owing to work as T _ErValue 0 when following, filter core work-ing life has been arrived in expression, so on display part 38, show this information.

As stated, the water purifier 4 of the 4th embodiment comprises accumulative total elapsed time test section 35, said accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 detect this water purifier 4 use after the beginning through the accumulative total elapsed time.

When the accumulative total during elapsed time that detects regulation through accumulative total elapsed time test section 35; Operational part 37 is made ratio, accumulative total filtration time test section 25 detected accumulative total filtration times and the accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 detected groups that add up the elapsed time of measure of water portion's 22 detected water yields and differential pressure measurement portion 43 detected pressure reduction, and according to the residue time limit of service of a plurality of set of calculated filter materials 29.

Along with the increase of accumulative total filtration time, it is big that the value in accumulative total elapsed time becomes.That is, if will add up filtration time as transverse axis, will add up the elapsed time as the longitudinal axis, detected a plurality of accumulative total filtration times are carried out line with the group in accumulative total elapsed time map, then become the dull graphic representation that increases.

Therefore; Through using pressure reduction and the ratio and the accumulative total filtration time of the water yield to calculate the time limit of service of using filter material 29; And the line of graphic representation extended to final period of the time limit of service of the filter material 29 that calculates, can predict the accumulative total elapsed time of filter material 29 till the final period of time limit of service.In addition, the residue accumulative total elapsed time till can predicting from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

In addition, in the water purifier 4 of the 4th embodiment, operational part 37 calculates the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through carrying out the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process.

In the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process; To add up filtration time and add up the 35 detected accumulative total elapsed time of elapsed time test section as y as x, in the time of will detecting accumulative total filtration time x; And use method of least squares to x and y a plurality of groups, y is expressed as y=f as the approximate function of x ₂(x) form.

In the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, in the approximate function of being represented by the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the x that the substitution second accumulative total filtration time calculating process is obtained obtains y.

In the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, from the y that obtains by the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, deduct the accumulative total elapsed time of accumulative total elapsed time test section 35 detected maximums.

Thus, can predict the residue time limit of service of filter material 29, the accumulative total elapsed time till promptly from current time point to filter material work-ing life more accurately.

Other structures of the water purifier 4 of the 4th embodiment are identical with the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment with effect.

(the 5th embodiment)

Shown in figure 11, the water purifier 5 of the 5th embodiment comprises: water purification, former water switching part 21, the measure of water portion 22 as water yield test section, the water-pressure survey portion 23 as the hydraulic pressure test section, the filter core installation portion 24 of accommodating filer element type filter material 29, accumulative total filtration time test section 25, storer 26, operational part 27, display part 28 and notice portion 51.

The structure of water purifier 5 is identical with the water purifier 1 of first embodiment.The structure of water purifier 5 each member is identical with each member of water purifier 1.Water purifier 5 is that water purifier 5 has notice portion 51 with the difference of water purifier 1.

Notice portion 51 receives signal and notifies the user from operational part 27.Notice is carried out through sound, light or vibration etc.Notice portion 51 with operational part 27 output from current time point to renew cartridge more till filtration time, be that the information of the residue time limit of service of relevant filter material 29 is notified the user.

Other structures of water purifier 5 are identical with water purifier 1.

The explanation action of the water purifier 5 of formation in the above described manner below.

Shown in figure 12, in step S51, operational part 27 judges that the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is whether below prescribed value.Operational part 27 can be obtained the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through any one method in first embodiment and second embodiment.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then advances to step S52 below prescribed value.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then turns back to step S51 not below prescribed value.

In step S52, operational part 27 transmits control signal to notice portion 51, with the residue time limit of service of notifying user's filter material 29 below prescribed value.

In addition, in the water purifier 5 of the 5th embodiment, the 22 detected water yield F according to measure of water portion have been described _rWith the ratio of water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29, but also can be as the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment, according to the 22 detected water yield F of measure of water portion _r, and the hydraulic pressure of filter material 29 former water sides and the pressure reduction between the filtered water side hydraulic pressure, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29.

As stated, the water purifier 5 of the 5th embodiment comprises notice portion 51.When the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following, notice portion 51 notifies the residue time limit of service of user's filter material 29 below prescribed value.

Residue time limit of service at filter material 29 becomes after 0, and water purifier 5 can not provide water purification, and cleaning or change filter material 29 needs certain hour.During cleaning or changing filter material 29, water purifier 5 can not provide water purification.Therefore, if after the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 becomes 0, clean or change filter material 29 again, then with clean or change filter material 29 before residue time limit of service at filter material 29 becomes 0 and compare, it is elongated during the water purifying that water purifier 5 can not provide.

Therefore; When the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following; The residue time limit of service of notifying user's filter material 29 through notice portion 51 below prescribed value, the user can become in residue time limit of service up to filter material 29 till 0 during, confirm to clean or change period of filter material 29.

Thus, can shorten water purifier 5 relatively can not provide during the water purifying.

Other structures of the water purifier 5 of the 5th embodiment are identical with the water purifier 1 of first embodiment with effect.

(the 6th embodiment)

Shown in figure 13, the water purifier 6 of the 6th embodiment comprises: water purification, former water switching part 21, the measure of water portion 22 as water yield test section, the water-pressure survey portion 23 as the hydraulic pressure test section, the filter core installation portion 24 of accommodating filer element type filter material 29, accumulative total filtration time test section 25, storer 26, operational part 27, display part 28, notice portion 51 and cleaning part 52.

The structure of water purifier 6 is identical with the water purifier 5 of the 5th embodiment.The structure of water purifier 6 each member is identical with each member of water purifier 5.Water purifier 6 is that with the difference of water purifier 5 water purifier 6 comprises the cleaning part 52 that cleans filter material 29.

Cleaning part 52 can use washing composition to clean filter material 29.The user can provide washing composition to cleaning part 52.Washing composition for example can use Hydrocerol A and sodium hydrogencarbonate etc.In this embodiment, washing composition is expressed as " soup ".But washing composition is not necessarily the soup of chemosynthesis, as long as can remove the dirt composition of filter material 29.

The structure of water purifier 6 for for example the user after cleaning part 52 provides soup, press the button (not shown).If pressing the button, the user sends signal to operational part 27.Operational part 27 is through receiving the signal from button, and the judgement soup has been put in the cleaning part 52.

In addition, when the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following, notice portion 51 notifies the user to cleaning part 52 washing composition to be provided.

In addition, in the water purifier 6 of the 6th embodiment, for example, can be according to the 22 detected water yield F of measure of water portion _rWith the ratio of water-pressure survey portion 23 detected hydraulic pressure, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29.In addition, also can be as the water purifier 3 of the 3rd embodiment, according to the 22 detected water yield F of measure of water portion _r, and the hydraulic pressure of filter material 29 former water sides and the pressure reduction between the filtered water side hydraulic pressure, calculate the residue time limit of service of filter material 29.

Other structures of water purifier 6 are identical with water purifier 5.

The explanation action of the water purifier 6 of formation in the above described manner below.

Shown in figure 14, in step S61, operational part 27 judges that the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is whether below prescribed value.Operational part 27 can be obtained the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through any one method in first embodiment and second embodiment.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then advances to step S62 below prescribed value.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then turns back to step S61 not below prescribed value.

In step S62, operational part 27 transmits control signal to notice portion 51, notifies the user to cleaning part 52 soup to be provided.

In step S63, operational part 27 confirms whether the user provides soup to cleaning part 52.When the user when cleaning part 52 provides soup, advance to step S64.When the user not when cleaning part 52 provides soup, turn back to step S63.

In step S64, operational part 27 transmits control signal to cleaning part 52, cleans filter material 29 with control cleaning part 52.In step S65, finish the cleaning of filter material 29.

As stated, the water purifier 6 of the 6th embodiment preferably includes notice portion 51 and the cleaning part 52 that cleans filter material 29.Cleaning part 52 can provide washing composition by the user, and uses washing composition to clean filter material 29.When the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following, notice portion 51 notifies the user to cleaning part 52 washing composition to be provided.

Thus, to the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 become till 0 during, the user can confirm to clean or change the period of filter material 29.In addition, can shorten water purifier 6 relatively can not provide during the water purifying.In addition, use washing composition to clean filter material 29, can effectively clean filter material 29 through cleaning part 52.

In addition, as long as cleaning part 52 possesses the function of cleaning filter material, also can utilize other modes.For example, use water purification that filter material is carried out backwash or use former water to clean the mode etc. of surface of filter medium.In addition, in this case, for soup is provided, as long as it is medium that soup is dropped into the path of water purification or former water.

Other structures of the water purifier 6 of the 6th embodiment are identical with the water purifier 5 of the 5th embodiment with effect.

(the 7th embodiment)

The structure of the water purifier of the 7th embodiment is identical with the water purifier 6 (Figure 13) of the 6th embodiment.Below, the action of the water purifier of the 7th embodiment is described.

Shown in figure 15, in step S71, operational part 27 judges that the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is whether below prescribed value.Operational part 27 can be obtained the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through any one method in first embodiment, second embodiment.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then advances to step S72 below prescribed value.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then turns back to step S71 not below prescribed value.

In step S72, operational part 27 transmits control signal to cleaning part 52, cleans filter material 29 with control.

In step S73, for the residue time limit of service of judging filter material 29 whether below prescribed value, operational part 27 judges that the ratio that cleans the water yield measured behind the filter materials 29 and hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) is whether below prescribed value.At this, pressure reduction is meant the hydraulic pressure of filter material 29 former water sides and the pressure reduction between the filtered water side hydraulic pressure.If the water yield of measuring behind the cleaning filter material 29 and the ratio of hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) are below prescribed value, then the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is below prescribed value.At this moment, advance to step S74.If the ratio that cleans the water yield measured behind the filter material 29 and hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) not below prescribed value, can think then that the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is not below prescribed value.At this moment, turn back to step S71.

In step S74, operational part 27 transmits control signal to notice portion 51, notifies the user need change filter material 29.

In step S75, operational part 27 judges whether to have changed filter material 29.If changed filter material 29, then finish to clean the control processing of filter material 29.If do not change filter material 29, then turn back to step S75.

As stated, the water purifier of the 7th embodiment has notice portion 51 and the cleaning part 52 that cleans filter material 29.When the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following, cleaning part 52 cleans filter materials 29.The residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that after cleaning filter material 29, calculates is when prescribed value is following, and notice portion 51 notifies the user need change filter material 29.

The residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that after cleaning filter material 29, calculates can be thought to deposit the dirt composition that can not be cleaned on the filter material 29 when prescribed value is following.At this moment, even can think and further clean filter material 29, can not remove dirt composition.Therefore, the residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that after cleaning filter material 29, calculates notifies the user need change filter material 29 through notice portion 51 when prescribed value is following, cleans the filter material 29 that can not remove dirt composition even the user can change.

Other structures of the water purifier of the 7th embodiment are identical with the water purifier of the 6th embodiment with effect.

(the 8th embodiment)

The structure of the water purifier of the 8th embodiment is identical with the water purifier 6 (Figure 13) of the 6th embodiment.Below, the action of the water purifier of the 8th embodiment is described.

Shown in figure 16, in step S81, operational part 27 judges that the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is whether below prescribed value.Operational part 27 can be obtained the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through any one method in first embodiment and second embodiment.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then advances to step S82 below prescribed value.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then turns back to step S81 not below prescribed value.

In step S82, operational part 27 transmits control signal to cleaning part 52, cleans filter material 29 with control.

In step S83; For the difference of judging residue time limit of service of cleaning filter materials 29 before the filter material 29 and the residue time limit of service of cleaning filter material 29 back filter materials 29 whether below prescribed value, operational part 27 judges that the difference of cleaning the water yield/hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) of measuring behind the water yield/hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) of measuring before the filter materials 29 and the cleaning filter material 29 is whether below prescribed value.At this, pressure reduction is meant the hydraulic pressure of filter material 29 former water sides and the pressure reduction between the filtered water side hydraulic pressure.If clean the water yield/hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) measured before the filter material 29 and the difference of cleaning the water yield/hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) of measuring behind the filter material 29 below prescribed value, then the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is below prescribed value.At this moment, advance to step S84.If clean the water yield/hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) measured before the filter material 29 and the difference of cleaning the water yield/hydraulic pressure (differential pressure) of measuring behind the filter material 29 not below prescribed value, can think that then the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is not below prescribed value.At this moment, turn back to step S81.

In step S84, operational part 27 transmits control signal to notice portion 51, notifies the user need change filter material 29.

In step S85, operational part 27 judges whether to have changed filter material 29.If changed filter material 29, then finish to clean the control processing of filter material 29.If do not change filter material 29, then turn back to step S85.

As stated, the water purifier of the 8th embodiment has notice portion 51 and the cleaning part 52 that cleans filter material 29.When the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following, cleaning part 52 cleans filter materials 29.The difference of the residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that before cleaning filter material 29, calculates and the residue time limit of service of cleaning the filter material 29 that calculates behind the filter material 29 is when prescribed value is following, and notice portion 51 notifies the user need change filter material 29.

The difference of the residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that before cleaning filter material 29, calculates and the residue time limit of service of cleaning the filter material 29 that calculates behind the filter material 29 even clean filter material 29, can not be removed sedimentary dirt composition on the filter material 29 when prescribed value is following.At this moment, can think and deposit the dirt composition that can not be cleaned on the filter material 29.Therefore, the difference of the residue time limit of service of the filter material 29 that before cleaning filter material 29, calculates and the residue time limit of service of cleaning the filter material 29 that calculates behind the filter material 29 is when prescribed value is following, and notice portion 51 notifies the user need change filter material 29.As stated, even can changing, the user cleans the filter material 29 that to remove dirt composition.

Other structures of the water purifier of the 8th embodiment are identical with the water purifier of the 6th embodiment with effect.

(the 9th embodiment)

The structure of the water purifier of the 9th embodiment is identical with the water purifier 6 (Figure 13) of the 6th embodiment.Water purification, former water switching part 21 (Figure 13) stop an example of portion for former water supply.The below action of the water purifier of explanation the 9th embodiment.

Shown in figure 17, in step S91, operational part 27 judges that the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is whether below prescribed value A.Operational part 27 can be obtained the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 through any one method in first embodiment and second embodiment.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then advances to step S92 below prescribed value.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then turns back to step S91 not below prescribed value.

In step S92, operational part 27 transmits control signal to notice portion 51, notifies the user need clean filter material 29 with control notice portion 51.

In step S93, operational part 27 judges whether not clean filter material 29.When not cleaning filter material 29, advance to step S94.When having cleaned filter material 29, turn back to step S91.

In step S94, operational part 27 judges that the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 is whether below prescribed value B.Prescribed value B is the value less than prescribed value A.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then advances to step S95 below prescribed value B.If the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 then turns back to step S94 not below prescribed value B.

In step S95, operational part 27 transmits control signal to water purification, former water switching part 21, makes it stop to filter material 29 former water being provided.

As stated, the water purifier of the 9th embodiment comprises water purification, former water switching part 21, and being used to stop to provide former water to filter material 29.When the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following, water purification, former water switching part 21 stop to filter material 29 former water being provided.

When dirt composition is deposited on the filter material 29 and when making the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 shorten to a certain degree, if former water is provided, to compare when then longer with the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 to filter material 29, the hydraulic pressure that is applied on the filter material 29 becomes big.When the hydraulic pressure on being applied to filter material 29 becomes big, might damage filter material 29.If filter material 29 is damaged, even then former water can not be removed the materials such as bacterium that should from former water, remove through filter material 29.Therefore, when the residue time limit of service of filter material 29 when prescribed value is following, stop former water being provided through water purification, former water switching part 21 to filter material 29, can prevent to damage filter material 29.

Other structures of the water purifier of the 9th embodiment are identical with the water purifier of the 6th embodiment with effect.

More than disclosed embodiment all be to illustrate, and be not limited thereto.Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, but is represented by claim, and comprises content and all modifications in the claim scope and the distortion that is equal to claim.

Industrial applicibility

The present invention is applicable to the water purifier that utilizes hollow-fibre membrane and ultra-filtration membrane filter materials such as (UF films) to filter former water and generate the water purification mode, so as to provide a kind of can be according to the water purifier of the residue time limit of service of the water quality prediction filter material of former water.

Claims (12)

1. a water purifier (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) is characterized in that comprising:

Filter material (29) makes former water through becoming water purification;

Water yield test section (22) detects the water yield through said filter material (29);

Hydraulic pressure test section (23,43) detects hydraulic pressure or the hydraulic pressure of the former water side of said filter material (29) and the pressure reduction between the filtered water side hydraulic pressure of the former water side of said filter material (29); And

Operational part (27,37) according to the ratio of the detected water yield of said water yield test section (22) and the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of said hydraulic pressure test section (23,43), calculates the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29).

2. water purifier according to claim 1 (1,2,3,4) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier also comprises accumulative total filtration time test section (25), and said accumulative total filtration time test section (25) detects said filter material (29) and brings into use the accumulative total filtration time of back water through said filter material (29),

When said accumulative total filtration time test section (25) detects the accumulative total filtration time of regulation; Said operational part (27,37) is made the ratio of the detected water yield of said water yield test section (22) and the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of said hydraulic pressure test section (23,43) and is added up the detected group that adds up filtration time of filtration time test section (25) through said, and according to a plurality of said group residue time limit of service of calculating said filter material (29).

3. water purifier according to claim 2 (2,4) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier also comprises accumulative total elapsed time test section (35), said accumulative total elapsed time test section (35) detects said water purifier (2,4) bring into use after through the accumulative total elapsed time,

The accumulative total that detects regulation when said accumulative total elapsed time test section (35) is during the elapsed time; Said operational part (37) is made ratio, said accumulative total filtration time test section (25) detected accumulative total filtration time and the detected group that adds up the elapsed time of said accumulative total elapsed time test section (35) of the detected water yield of said water yield test section (22) and the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of said hydraulic pressure test section (23,43), and according to the residue time limit of service of the said filter materials of a plurality of said set of calculated (29).

4. water purifier according to claim 2 (1,3) is characterized in that,

Said operational part (27) calculates the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29) through carrying out the first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, the second accumulative total filtration time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process,

In the said first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, with said accumulative total filtration time as x, the detected water yield of said water yield test section (22) and likening to of the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of said hydraulic pressure test section (23,43) are y in the time of will detecting said accumulative total filtration time x ₁, and use method of least squares to x and y1 a plurality of groups, with y ₁Approximate function as x is expressed as y ₁=f ₁(x) form,

In the said second accumulative total filtration time calculating process, in the approximate function of representing by the said first accumulative total filtration time calculating process, with the water yield of the former water side of said filter material (29) and the prescribed value substitution y of the ratio of hydraulic pressure differential pressure ₁, the x the when water yield of obtaining the former water side of said filter material (29) is prescribed value with the ratio of hydraulic pressure differential pressure,

In said the 3rd accumulative total filtration time calculating process, from the x that obtains by the said second accumulative total filtration time calculating process, deduct the said accumulative total filtration time of the detected maximum of said accumulative total filtration time test section (25).

5. water purifier according to claim 4 (2,4) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier also comprises accumulative total elapsed time test section (35), said accumulative total elapsed time test section (35) detects said water purifier (2,4) bring into use after through the accumulative total elapsed time,

Said operational part (37) calculates the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29) through carrying out the first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process and the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process,

In the said first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, with said accumulative total filtration time as x, in the time of will detecting said accumulative total filtration time x said accumulative total elapsed time test section (35) the detected accumulative total elapsed time as y ₂, and to x and y ₂A plurality of groups use method of least squares, with y ₂Approximate function as x is expressed as y ₂=f ₂(x) form,

In the said second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, in the approximate function of being represented by the said first accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, the x that substitution is obtained by the said second accumulative total filtration time calculating process obtains y ₂,

In said the 3rd accumulative total elapsed time calculating process, from the y that obtains by the said second accumulative total elapsed time calculating process ₂In, deduct the said accumulative total elapsed time that adds up the detected maximum of elapsed time test section (35).

6. water purifier according to claim 1 (1,3); It is characterized in that; Said operational part (27) according to separate specific time at interval, by the detected water yield of said water yield test section (22) and MV by a plurality of ratios of the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of said hydraulic pressure test section (23,43), calculate the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29).

7. water purifier according to claim 6 (1,3); It is characterized in that; The MV of a plurality of ratios of the detected water yield of said water yield test section (22) and the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of said hydraulic pressure test section (23,43), be separate specific time at interval by in the detected water yield of said water yield test section (22) and a plurality of ratios by the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure of said hydraulic pressure test section (23), the MV of a plurality of ratios of the detected hydraulic pressure differential pressure size of said hydraulic pressure test section (23,43) more than prescribed value.

8. water purifier according to claim 1 (5) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier also comprises notice portion (51),

When the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29) when prescribed value is following, said notice portion (51) notifies the residue time limit of service of the said filter material of user (29) below prescribed value.

9. water purifier according to claim 1 (6) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier also comprises:

Notice portion (51); And

Cleaning part (52) cleans said filter material (29),

Said cleaning part (52) can provide washing composition by the user, and uses washing composition to clean said filter material (29),

When the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29) when prescribed value is following, said notice portion (51) notifies the user to said cleaning part (52) washing composition to be provided.

10. water purifier according to claim 1 (7) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier comprises:

Notice portion (51); And

Cleaning part (52) cleans said filter material (29),

When the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29) when prescribed value is following, said cleaning part (52) cleans said filter material (29),

The residue time limit of service of the said filter material (29) that after cleaning said filter material (29), calculates is when prescribed value is following, and said notice portion (51) notifies the user need change said filter material (29).

11. water purifier according to claim 1 (8) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier comprises:

Notice portion (51); And

Cleaning part (52) cleans said filter material (29),

When the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29) when prescribed value is following, said cleaning part (52) cleans said filter material (29),

The difference of the residue time limit of service of the said filter material (29) that behind residue time limit of service of cleaning the preceding said filter material (29) that calculates of said filter material (29) and the said filter material of cleaning (29), calculates is when prescribed value is following, and said notice portion (51) notifies the user need change said filter material (29).

12. water purifier according to claim 1 (9) is characterized in that,

Said water purifier comprises that also former water supply stops portion (21), and said former water supply stops portion (21) and is used to stop to said filter material (29) former water is provided,

When the residue time limit of service of said filter material (29) when prescribed value is following, said former water supply stops portion (21) and stops to said filter material (29) former water being provided.

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