CN102546418A - Overlay-network-multipath-transmission-based Internet protocol multimedia subsystem (IMS) client and media exchange method - Google Patents
Overlay-network-multipath-transmission-based Internet protocol multimedia subsystem (IMS) client and media exchange method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an overlay-network-multipath-transmission based Internet protocol multimedia subsystem (IMS) client and a media exchange method. The IMS client can perform multi-path real-time media transmission negotiation on the basis of an overlay network and establish a plurality of paths to transmit real-time media, and the paths can be switched according to a path quality monitoring result in a transmission process. The multi-path transmission of the real-time media can be realized by the IMS client, and real-time media network transmission performance in IMS communication can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communication network technology field, particularly a kind of IMS client and exchange of media method based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath.
Background technology
Single-pathway selected before the legacy network session uses session to begin always carries out transfer of data; But continuous development along with communication network; The kind of network access mode is more and more; Personal computer or mobile phone have all possessed maybe can expand to the network connection that has simultaneously more than two, can select a plurality of Internet Service Providers simultaneously such as personal computer, through a plurality of network addresss access network; Mobile phone has WIFI and 3G online condition simultaneously, and these all be that communicating pair uses mulitpath to transmit the data condition of providing convenience simultaneously.Lot of domestic and international research organization and scholar have done a large amount of work aspect the multipath transmission data utilizing; Transmission also is in the blank stage but current research is for the real-time media multipath; And along with IPTV (Interactive Personality TV; IPTV), popularizing of using such as network audio-video session, real-time media to transmission performance require increasingly high.At present at IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem; IMS; IP Multimedia System) in the architecture; IMS client exchange of media is still mainly continued to use route and the switching technology that tradition is only supported the transmission of single footpath, and under network transmission service quality (Qos) constraints, existing network condition can't satisfy the ever-increasing user demand of multimedia communication; Upgrade except the dilatation that needs operator constantly to carry out network infrastructure, more press for research and improve the media delivery mechanism that improves network resource usage efficient.
The basic meaning of overlapping network (Overlay) is on existing IP transmission network, to make up a network system that is positioned at application layer fully; Its advantage is the route and the switching architecture of the fully present bearer network of compatibility, and realizes the tissue and the scheduling of Internet resources in application layer.Conversation initialized protocol (Session Initiation Protocol; SIP) be that the IP communication signaling of current main-stream is (promptly between two entities of telecommunications network; The special information of transmission) control protocol, and extensive use in the IMS system for foundation and control connection, its advantage is that signaling and media delivery are realized respectively; And be applied to Session Description Protocol (Session Description Protocol, the function that SDP) expansion SDP header fields is provided and has added label that media session is described.Through in the SIP communication information, carrying the SDP message; And the SDP agreement expanded can realize that multipath consults to create a mechanism, for IMS client media delivery provides mulitpath, guarantee transmission reliability; Improve transmission speed, further improve the user experience of media business.
In order to realize multipath transmission, many places characteristic that the IMS client can utilization itself has is set up many transmission paths in overlapping network, and switches at any time or add new route according to the path quality monitoring result.As shown in Figure 1, two IMS clients that have many places characteristic in the overlapping network are set up 3 transmission paths through consulting, and next the IMS client just can use these paths to carry out transfer of data.
The session both sides can be through sending the quality in the network detection grouping current use of monitoring in real time path; And whether satisfy the minimum requirements of media delivery according to one or several performance quality parameter determining current path in time delay, packet loss, the shake; As judge that the current path quality does not satisfy the media delivery requirement or interrupt in the path; Then use backup path or trial to set up new path and switch, have two network addresss, 4 alternative transmission paths are so just arranged such as each IMS client among Fig. 1; When path quality deterioration or interruption in selecting the process that wherein 3 paths transmit, occurring, just can attempt using the 4th paths to transmit.
Existing multipath transmission generally lays particular emphasis on uses paths transmission, and use as backup path in other paths, and this mode does not consider to use simultaneously the transmittability of mulitpath; Raising to transmission performance has little significance; The audio-video frequency media that adopts this mode to transmit in addition all is the medium that obtained full content in advance, this medium ageing less demanding, and the host-host protocol of use also has significant limitation; Need carry out big modification to agreement mostly just can make system use the mulitpath transmission simultaneously; And the present invention lays particular emphasis on the real-time media of transmission requirement high-timeliness, is that realize on the basis with Session Initiation Protocol and SDP agreement, does not influence acquiescence and uses the conventional general of single-pathway to use; Make full use of the transmittability of mulitpath, will inevitably promote the real-time media transmission performance effectively.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency that existing method exists, the present invention proposes a kind of IMS client and exchange of media method based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath, to reach the purpose of real-time media high efficiency of transmission.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of IMS client based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath, comprises multipath negotiation element, Path selection and switch unit, real-time media data division unit and media data buffering recomposition unit, wherein:
The multipath negotiation element is used for communicating pair and whether supports the multipath transmission according to the home domain network, determines whether to use the multipath transmission;
Path selection and switch unit are used to safeguard the mulitpath of current use, and whether the performance in monitoring path satisfies the real-time media requirement according to path quality and select transmission path, and the walking along the street of going forward side by side is directly switched;
Real-time media data division unit is used for according to the path number of current use and the characteristic of the free restriction of real-time media media data being divided into many transmission paths, supports the data redundant transmission;
Media data buffering recomposition unit is used for receiving data from mulitpath, the deletion redundant data, and satisfy in real-time media under the prerequisite of user's actual need according to data precedence reorganization medium;
Employing is based on the exchange of media method of the IMS client of overlapping network multipath transmission, and this method comprises path negotiations process, Path selection handoff procedure, real-time media data partition process and media data buffering regrouping process, wherein,
The path negotiations process is:
A. initiator's IMS client is sent the communication request that comprises all-network address own to session callee's IMS client;
B. after callee's IMS client is received request; Whether allow multipath transmission and self network address quantity according to the home domain network, send response, as not allowing the multipath transmission to initiator's IMS client; Then acquiescence adopts single transmission path; As allowing, then in response, comprise callee's all-network address, process both sides' negotiation is chosen best performance from all possible combination of paths mulitpath is as transmission path;
If c. do not cause using the single-pathway transmission owing to any side's home domain network (CSCF) of session does not allow to use the multipath transmission; After session begins; Do not support the IMS client of multipath transmission periodically to confirm to home domain network (CSCF) whether current network supports the multipath transmission by the home domain network; In case the discovery network support promptly by a side's who at first finds IMS client, is sent the request that new route is set up in application to the opposing party's IMS client; Agree like the other side, then add new route and set up the multipath transmission;
If when d. using any side's in the multipath transmission course IMS client new available network address to occur, can consult to attempt using this address to set up new transmission path through both sides;
The Path selection handoff procedure is:
Multipath transmission session both sides periodically monitor all performances of using the path, if performance can't reach the quality requirement that is transmitted medium, then choose other paths according to qualifications and switch;
Real-time media data partition process is:
The session both sides adopt the mulitpath transmission real-time media of setting up, and every paths is the part of transmission medium respectively, and the real-time media data are divided into redundant transmission on the mulitpath;
Media data buffering regrouping process is:
Media data arrives the laggard line data reorganization of callee's buffer memory, and callee's IMS client is play according to the precedence reorganization back of Stream Number;
The performance in the path described in the Path selection handoff procedure comprises: time delay, packet loss and delay variation.
Invention advantage: the present invention is based on many places characteristic and set up mulitpath transmission real-time media; The path is set up the back and is adopted the overlapping network routing packets; And select different transmission path to switch according to the path quality assessment strategy; Realize the efficient multipath transmission of real-time media, promoted the efficiency of transmission and the service quality of real-time media in the overlapping network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the IMS client multi-path transmission mechanism principle figure that the present invention is based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath;
Fig. 2 is the general diagram that the present invention is based on the IMS client of overlapping network multipath transmission;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that the present invention is based on Path selection and switch unit in the IMS client of overlapping network multipath transmission;
Fig. 4 is IMS client and the home domain network (CSCF) that the present invention is based on overlapping network multipath transmission, the interactive relation figure between the overlapping network;
Fig. 5 consults and sets up the flow chart of embodiment based on multipath in the exchange of media method of the IMS client of overlapping network multipath transmission for the present invention's employing;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart that the present invention is based on Path selection and switch unit in the IMS client of overlapping network multipath transmission;
Wherein, 501, multipath negotiation element 502, Path selection and switch unit 503, real-time media data division unit 504, media data buffering recomposition unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
The IMS client based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath that present embodiment adopts is as shown in Figure 2; The initiator's of present embodiment IMS client is identical with recipient's IMS client terminal structure, includes multipath negotiation element 501, Path selection and switch unit 502, real-time media data division unit 503, media data buffering recomposition unit 504.
Wherein, multipath negotiation element 501 is used to accomplish whole multipath and consults to set up process.Confirm whether to support the multipath transmission to home domain network (CSCF); Sending the multipath transmission to session callee's IMS client applies for or receives application providing response; And when new available network address appears in the transmission beginning a certain side in back, use described available network address to set up new route and transmit.
Path selection and switch unit 502 are used for periodically sending network detection packet (ping packet) and confirm whether the performance in current use path satisfies the real-time media transmission quality requirements, switch as not satisfying then in residual paths, to choose according to qualifications.
Wherein Path selection and switch unit comprise monitoring and evaluation unit, path, path selection unit and path switch unit again.
Fig. 3 has provided the block diagram of Path selection and switch unit; Wherein, Monitoring and evaluation unit, path 601 is used for sending periodically network detection packet (ping packet) end to end, with the performance parameter of measuring route; Comprise time delay, packet loss, shake, and according to the service quality of these calculation of parameter with the every paths of prediction.Monitoring and evaluation unit, path 601 also is used for the network detection packet (ping packet) to receiving, immediately from network detection response data packet of original route loopback (pong packet); Path selection unit 602 according to the strategy and the path quality of user's appointment, is the optimum path of each service selection.Subscriber policy can select that audio quality is preferential, video quality is preferential, audio frequency and video lay equal stress on both quality and quantity.In the process of selecting, need all traffic transmission paths be dispatched, and calculate optimum combination of paths according to the strategy and the path quality of user's appointment; Path switch unit 603 is used for when change is sent in certain professional media delivery path, realizes that the seamless path of Media Stream is switched.
Real-time media data division unit 503; Be used for according to the media transmission protocol that uses; Media data is divided in many transmission paths; Require when can use number of path greater than 3, choose wherein 3 according to qualifications and carry out the redundancy division, the content of any 2 paths can recover former media data the data receiver.
Media data buffering recomposition unit 504; Be used for deleting the redundant data of the multipath transmission data that receive, the former data of recombinating, any transfer of data all unavoidably loss of data can occur; By the characteristic decision of real-time media, as long as obliterated data does not influence user's experience effect.
Present embodiment provides the IMS client exchange of media method based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath; Fig. 4 is between overlapping network IMS client and the home domain network (CSCF), CSCF and strategy decisive function (Policy Decision Function; PDF; PDF mainly accomplishes based on the control of the business of strategy and controls with QoS, the inquiry of completion and application server and policy information base, function such as mutual) between interactive relation figure.The IMS client uses Session Initiation Protocol to confirm to CSCF whether the home domain network supports the multipath transmission; And accomplish the negotiation work of using the multipath transmission medium, and finally use signaling to set up the media session between the client through the SDP content that in the sip message body, comprises and distal end I MS client; The IMS client that is in simultaneously in the overlapping network uses overlapping network Routing Protocol and other IMS clients to accomplish the transmission of real-time media.
At multipath transmission establishment stage; Whether session initiator's IMS client supports multipath transmission and callee's IMS client to carry out the multipath transmission according to the home domain network is consulted and foundation; As set up success and then use the multipath transmission; Do not support the multipath transmission then to adopt traditional single-pathway transmission like any side's home domain network; In addition when session both sides home domain network when not allowing multipath transmission to convert into to allow, a side who is at first changed by the home domain network state initiates to set up multipath and transmits; In the process that multipath is set up; The single-pathway of acquiescence is stored in the SDP message according to traditional approach; Other network addresss adopt the label extension mechanism to be placed on the back of SDP head; Described label extension mechanism is meant: be new session attribute of a property column interpolation of descriptive session attribute in the SDP agreement, this session attribute comprises transfer of data use agreement, the network address, three data item of port.
Fig. 5 consults to set up process for session both sides multipath; When new available network address appears in the IMS client that also comprises the session calling party among the figure after multipath is set up a period of time; Use said new available network address to set up the process of other transmission paths; INFO is a Session Initiation Protocol support method among Fig. 5, is used to transmit the relevant control information of session, and these information are produced in conversation procedure; Indication mainly is session both sides' the network address among the figure; The network address that exchanges when setting up of INFO (1) and INFO (2) wherein for multipath, the relevant information that relates to when both sides exchanged new address when INFO (1) ' and INFO (2) ' new available network address occurred for the calling party, it is following that session both sides multipath consults to set up process steps:
Step 301: initiator's IMS client is sent multipath transmission services request to home domain network C SCF; And reception response; This process realizes through the OPTIONS type requests in the Session Initiation Protocol (this request allows IMS client query server-capabilities); Home domain network (CSCF) can produce the response of one 200 OK to the OPTIONS request; Whether the Total Options and the ability of said home domain network (CSCF) listed in this response, only need to support the option of multipath transmission to get final product according to new representative home domain network of other existing option definition;
Through step 301, initiator's IMS client is understood the home domain network and whether is supported the multipath transmission, as not supporting, then uses traditional single-pathway transmission data;
Step 302: initiator's IMS client transmission comprises the all-network address of IMS client place computer and the multipath of port consults to set up the IMS client of request message to the callee, realizes through the label extension mechanism of SDP agreement.Use a property column of descriptive session attribute in the SDP agreement, define the attribute keyword of new other network addresss of representative, three data item difference representative datas thereafter transmit agreement, the network address, the port that uses.This attribute is as an attribute of medium m property column (in the SDP agreement, being mainly used in the medium type of describing transmission, the host-host protocol that port, use are used in transmission); And same m property column can comprise a plurality of these attributes, all network addresss on the computer of expression IMS client place simultaneously;
The keyword that defines new other network address attributes of representative in the present embodiment is alternate, and concrete form is following:
A=alternate: < agreement that transfer of data is used>< network address>< port >
Following formula is represented: a property column of the keyword alternate assignment of other network address attributes of representative of redetermination being given descriptive session attribute in the SDP agreement; Wherein alternate is the new key of definition, representes other network addresss;
It is as follows that the network address that comprises IMS client place computer that initiator's IMS client is sent in the present embodiment and the SDP multipath of port are set up request message format:
(other conversation description attributes of SDP agreement)
The IP address that c=IN IP [version number] acquiescence connects
M=audio port RTP/AVP RTP load format
A=alternate:RTP IP1 port one
A=alternate:RTP IP2 port 2
In the formula, c is an attribute of describing link information in the SDP agreement, and IN representes that procotol, IP4 are that the IP of type of network address, default path representes the IP address that connects;
M has described the detailed content of media information; The voice data (audio) of expression session is through RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol; RTP) audio frequency and video transmission conditions parameter (the Audio Video Profile to describe in the RTP load format attribute; AVP) transmit, data transmit uses port to be port.
To sum up, different with the single footpath of tradition transmission means is except the default network address of using, because IMS client itself can have a plurality of network addresss, extra again two network addresss that can supply connect and the port of providing.
Step 303: after callee's IMS client receives multipath transmission application, use the OPTIONS request to send multipath transmission application, and receive 200 OK response to home domain network C SCF.Like the transmission of callee's home domain network support multipath, then in response, provide sure replying.
Step 304: callee's IMS client is sent multipath to initiator's IMS client and is set up negotiate response message, also has a plurality of network addresss like the callee, uses SDP protocol label extension mechanism that the all-network address that it has is sent to the initiator.
Step 305: new available network address has appearred in initiator's IMS client; Like all definite home domain network support multipath transmission of session both sides before; At this moment directly send and add the IMS client that the callee is given in network address request by initiator's IMS client; Provide response after callee's IMS client is received request, just can use this address to set up transmission path afterwards., then need at first to confirm whether support the multipath transmission this moment owing to there being any side's home domain network not support the multipath transmission to cause using the single-pathway transmission like former session with home domain network C SCF.
Step 306: strategy is set up in network address number and path according to the session both sides have; From different network address combinations, choose the path that meets the transmission performance requirement and set up many transmission paths; And after the transmission beginning, periodically monitor employed path performance, assess according to selected in advance qos parameter; When finding to have path quality decline or path to interrupt causing to satisfy transmission demand, select other paths to switch according to qualifications.
Fig. 6 is for the process sketch map of path performance assessment and switching, and is as shown in Figure 6, comprises following three steps:
Step 401: path performance is measured: initiator's IMS client is sent network detection packet (ping packet) periodically and is measured the performance that all use the path, comprises time delay, packet loss, shake.
Step 402: the assessment of path performance: initiator's IMS client is carried out with reference to time delay, packet loss, the shake of real-time media transmission requirement according to the path parameter assessment path quality that obtains.
Step 403: Path selection and switching: the IMS client obtains the result according to step 402 and from other paths, selects optimal path to switch.
In initiator's IMS client the real-time media data are divided in many transmission paths; Guarantee the redundancy of transmission data; The data of any two paths can both recover former data, and guarantee to distinguish the precedence of data in the time range according to the characteristic of real-time media;
Focus on the data that successfully receive from mulitpath in callee buffering, remove redundant data, and recover former data, guaranteeing to satisfy deal with data loss situation under the prerequisite of real-time media broadcast request according to chronological order, and with data passes to application.
Claims (3)
1. IMS client based on overlapping network multipath transmission; Comprise Path selection and switch unit, real-time media data division unit and media data buffering recomposition unit, it is characterized in that: comprise also whether be used for communicating pair supports multipath to transmit, determine whether to use the multipath negotiation element of multipath transmission according to the home domain network;
Wherein, Path selection and switch unit are used to safeguard the mulitpath of current use, and whether the performance in monitoring path satisfies the real-time media requirement according to path quality and select transmission path, and the walking along the street of going forward side by side is directly switched;
Real-time media data division unit is used for according to the path number of current use and the characteristic of the free restriction of real-time media media data being divided into many transmission paths, supports the data redundant transmission;
Media data buffering recomposition unit is used for receiving data from mulitpath, the deletion redundant data, and satisfy in real-time media under the prerequisite of user's actual need according to data precedence reorganization medium.
2. adopt the described IMS client of claim 1 to carry out the method for exchange of media based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath; It is characterized in that: comprise path negotiations process, Path selection handoff procedure, real-time media data partition process and media data buffering regrouping process; Wherein, the multipath negotiations process step of described multipath negotiation element is following:
A. initiator's IMS client is sent the communication request that comprises all-network address own to session callee's IMS client;
B. after callee's IMS client is received request; Whether allow multipath transmission and self network address quantity according to the home domain network, send response, as not allowing the multipath transmission to initiator's IMS client; Then acquiescence adopts single transmission path; As allowing, then in response, comprise callee's all-network address, process both sides' negotiation is chosen best performance from all possible combination of paths mulitpath is as transmission path;
If c. do not cause using the single-pathway transmission owing to any side's home domain network of session does not allow to use the multipath transmission; After session begins; Do not support by the home domain network whether the IMS client of multipath transmission periodically supports the multipath transmission to home domain network validation current network; In case the discovery network support promptly by a side's who at first finds IMS client, is sent the request that new route is set up in application to the opposing party's IMS client; Agree like the other side, then add new route and set up the multipath transmission;
If when d. using any side's in the multipath transmission course IMS client new available network address to occur, can consult to attempt using this address to set up new transmission path through both sides;
Described Path selection handoff procedure is:
Multipath transmission session both sides periodically monitor all performances of using the path, if performance can't reach the quality requirement that is transmitted medium, then choose other paths according to qualifications and switch;
Described real-time media data partition process is:
The session both sides adopt the mulitpath transmission real-time media of setting up, and every paths is the part of transmission medium respectively, and the real-time media data are divided into redundant transmission on the mulitpath;
Described media data buffering regrouping process is:
Media data arrives the laggard line data reorganization of callee's buffer memory, and callee's IMS client is play according to the precedence reorganization back of data number.
3. the IMS client based on the transmission of overlapping network multipath according to claim 2 is carried out the method for exchange of media, and it is characterized in that: the performance in the path described in the Path selection handoff procedure comprises: time delay, packet loss and delay variation.
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