CN102546346A - Detection and self-healing algorithm for a plurality of root switches in multi-loop network - Google Patents
Detection and self-healing algorithm for a plurality of root switches in multi-loop network Download PDFInfo
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- CN102546346A CN102546346A CN201210007562XA CN201210007562A CN102546346A CN 102546346 A CN102546346 A CN 102546346A CN 201210007562X A CN201210007562X A CN 201210007562XA CN 201210007562 A CN201210007562 A CN 201210007562A CN 102546346 A CN102546346 A CN 102546346A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection and self-healing algorithm for loops between every two layer-2 Ethernet switches running in a data link layer. The algorithm is used for providing redundant links, and supports link backup. The algorithm comprises the following steps of: 1, detecting whether the loops are formed in the data link layer or not; 2, if the loops are formed, disconnecting links according to a strategy to stop the formation of the loops; 3, detecting whether the links are disconnected or not; and 4, after the links are disconnected, connecting standby links.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection and the self-healing algorithm of the many root switch of many loops of data link layer in the EPA; Adopt master-slave architecture; Can judge whether Cheng Huan of link fast; And can forbid a port fast at Cheng Huanhou and stop into ring, in link failure, can open standby port, restoring communication.Whether the data link that can detect this algorithm detects Cheng Huan, and Cheng Huanhou is forbidden a specific switch ports themselves fast, and the port of behind link failure, opening forbidding makes link recover normal again.Support in this algorithm simultaneously to have a plurality of loops in the link, each loop can detect and self-healing.
Background technology
The link of switch generally is a tree topology in the communication field, and tree topology causes behind the link failure various piece of network out of touch.The topological structure of the switch in the industry spot often is annular, has 2 circuits to reach between the switch arbitrarily.The topological structure of annular can be made storm, and the mac address table that causes switch is unusual, so in the industrial communication field; Need a cover to detect switch Cheng Huan; And Cheng Huanhou can be forbidden the port of switch fast, stops the algorithm of link Cheng Huan, simultaneously when link produces fault; Can open the port of forbidding, it is normal to let communication reply.Loop in the link is more than one simultaneously, needs to distinguish and detect and self-healing respectively.
Summary of the invention
If interconnective switch forms loop, causing a kind of phenomenon is exactly the message that the A switch sends, and can be received by the A switch at last, only needs this moment the link of a switch disconnection in this loop just can stop into ring.This algorithm is selected the minimum switch of MAC Address in the loop, lets this switch be responsible for forbidding the port prevention loop of oneself.Suppose switch A 1 mouthful, the data of transmission, 2 mouthfuls of getting back to switch A at last, the MAC Address of switch is minimum in loop simultaneously, just determines the big port of disabled ports numbering.The minimum switch of MAC Address in the loop is a root switch.There are a plurality of rings in the network, a plurality of root switch are just arranged.Each root switch in each ring is responsible for respectively oneself belonging to link detecting and the self-healing that encircles.By this method, can be divided into the little ring of several separate to a big network.Root switch detects into after the ring; The configuration root port, two ports at Cheng Huan send link one-tenth ring confirmation message respectively then, comprise the MAC Address of root switch in this message; Link number; The degree of depth of link (being initially 0), the direction of transmission (the positive direction during message of root port, the another one port is a negative direction).Switch in the loop receives these two messages, and the attribute of oneself is set, and this attribute comprises the own port that makes progress in loop, downward port, degree of depth of link or the like.These messages can be transmitted by received switch simultaneously, and the degree of depth adds 1 during forwarding.
The role of the role of switch and port is different in a loop, and the type of their effect and transmitting-receiving message is also inequality.Concrete introduction is following:
Switch role and port role: the role of switch has two kinds, is respectively root switch and general switch.
1, root switch: in the network of a Cheng Huan, the minimum switch of MAC Address is a root switch, and it is responsible for forbidding the port of oneself, stops link Cheng Huan, when link failure, is responsible for opening disabled port simultaneously.
2, general switch: the switch except that root switch all is a general switch.
Four kinds of the port roles of root switch
1, root port: the port that connects into ring in the root switch
2, common port: the port of disconnected Cheng Huan in the root switch.
3, leaf port: the port of connecting terminal equipment (needing to specify especially)
4, port blocked: disabled port in the root switch
The port role of general switch has four kinds
1, to port: upwards be connected to the port that connects into ring in the root switch
2, leaf port: the port of connecting terminal equipment (needing to specify especially)
3, to lower port: the port that has gone out other types outside 1 and 2 the port.
4, port undetermined: be not any of above-mentioned three kinds of ports
Their role of switch in the loop is different; They have kept different port attributes, and the port attribute of general switch comprises: root MAC Address, the MAC Address that makes progress; Link number, degree of depth numbering (number of the switch of middle process) from root switch to this switch.Can distinguish each different ring with link number according to root MAC.
All properties all is 0 when initialization, receives the affirmation message of the link Cheng Huan that root switch sends then, calculates and upgrades.Switch possibly participated in a plurality of rings, and link number and degree of depth numbering are unequal, and the root MAC Address is unequal with the MAC Address that makes progress.
Send the type of message:
1, the hello packet that connects of link: the port of switch is opened, the message that sends between two adjacent switches, and this message can not transmitted by reciever.This message comprises the attribute of switch.
2, link connects the notice message: the port of switch is opened, the message that the port of opening sends, and this message can be accepted to transmit and revise by reciever.
3, be detected as the ring confirmation message: loop detection goes out into after the ring, and root switch sends confirms into the ring message, and message comprises root MAC Address, information such as link number and direction.The exchange opportunity that links to each other receives, and revises and transmits.Being detected as in the ring confirmation message has the direction field, and direction comprises positive direction and two kinds of possibilities of negative direction, sends from two different ports respectively.
4, the notice message of link disconnection: the switch that detects the link disconnection sends, and it is transmitted along the port that makes progress of switch, after this message passes to root switch, and the port that root switch was opened in the past and gets clogged.
5, request link breaks off message: after the link Cheng Huan; Link in the link connects the notice message, finally can the side's of being sent out acceptance, if but recipient's MAC Address is not the MAC Address of the minimum in the link; It does not have right to forbid own port; But it can send the request message that link breaks off, and this message can be received and transmit, and finally can received and handle by the minimum switch of the MAC Address in the loop.
The hello packet that is detected as the ring basis and notice message that link connects are definite.First kind of situation is that link does not detect into ring, connects the notice message according to link and judges, when the port of switch connects, own all ports sent link and connects the notice message (content of message is the MAC of oneself; The port that connects, minimum MAC has just begun to equal oneself MAC); After the end switch reception; MAC according to oneself compares with minimum MAC, revises minimum MAC, forwards then.Message is forwarded in link, if circuit Cheng Huan, finally this message transmit leg that can be begun is most accepted, and judge whether the MAC that receives equates with own MAC this moment, and the MAC of oneself MAC and minimum is equal, and processing is the description of following steps A.If MAC that receives and the MAC of oneself equate, but the MAC of oneself is not minimum MAC, the description of refer step B.
1, steps A explanation: the switch of minimum MAC Address sends to be detected as at receiving port and the transmit port that begins most and encircles the confirmation message (message of a positive direction in the loop; The message of a negative direction); Accept switch is provided with oneself according to these two kinds of messages attribute and the port that makes progress of confirming oneself and downward port,, transmit the message of negative direction such as the message of receiving positive direction; Then this port is a port upwards; Otherwise then be downward excuse, if only satisfy a kind ofly, this port is not participated in into ring so.
2, the explanation of step B: link detecting goes out to become to have encircled, but the MAC Address of the switch that detects is not minimum in the link loop, and this moment, it sent link disconnection request message; This request message is forwarded; Received by the minimum switch of MAC Address in the link that then it finds that MAC of oneself and minimum MAC equate that its receiving port sends the notice message that link connects then; Received that by other ports of oneself processing procedure and steps A are identical at last.
Second method is: after link Cheng Huanhou, the attribute of the switch in the link correctly have been provided with completion.Switch in the loop has new port to add to come in, and sends hello packet between initiate port and the direct switch that links to each other.Can judge whether Cheng Huan of link according to the switch property information of carrying among the hello; If the root MAC in the hello packet of receiving in the switch property set of root MAC and switch preservation equates that link number is the same simultaneously; So certainly, become ring, can forbid up-to-date that port of opening this moment.
Above the mode of two kinds of detections find out under best-case the transmission of 2 hello packets through the switch that links to each other and receive comparison and the judgement with the inside of a switch that the time degree that is detected as ring depends on the time interval that link scans.Simultaneously little at worst condition, the notice message that connects of link need be in one week of link ring cocycle, if time that the switch number in the loop detects more at most then long more.Simultaneously the switch ports themselves in the link connects the message of all giving notice at every turn, and this message can be forwarded, so be to have the notice message that a plurality of links connect in the link in link, to transmit just beginning.
There is a regularly thread switch inside; Each port of its periodic scan switch breaks off if find the port of certain switch of switch, judges the role of this port; If this port is a leaf port (this port connect be terminal equipment), then do not do any processing.Otherwise judge the role in link of switch, if switch is a root switch, and the port that breaks off is root port, opens the port blocked of switch, if the port that breaks off is a port blocked, can not do any processing so.If this port is common port (do not have connecting terminal, do not participate in into the port of ring), send the notice message that link breaks off so.
The method that top detection is broken off is the root switch that is directed against, and is fairly simple to the detection method of general switch: the port of scanning discovery switch, if port is the leaf port; Then do not do any processing; If downward port then sends the notice message (emptying the MAC Address storehouse simultaneously) that link breaks off from the port that makes progress, this message is transmitted along the link that makes progress; Finally be forwarded to root switch, open the obstruction large port with switch according to content of message then.
Break off the method with self-healing according to the link port of the detection of top brief summary, can make link self-healing again, be detected into ring in the past but prerequisite is this link, root switch has been forbidden a port that causes obstruction.It is that the port that breaks off just is the leaf port in best situation, and this moment, switch can not done any processing.If the port that breaks off is the root port of root switch, only need open the port interface of forbidding, the very short trace interval that is decided by port of self-healing time.If the port of non-root switch, if leaf then need not handle, if downward port; Need send the update notification message that link breaks off along the port that makes progress so; The received switch of this message is upwards transmitted, until root switch, disabled port before root switch is opened then; The self-healing time is determined by the degree of depth of the switch that breaks off to root switch, the degree of depth more deeply then the self-healing time long more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 looped network detects and shows
The role of Fig. 2 switch and port role
The process that Fig. 3 switch property is provided with
Fig. 4 notifies message to judge the first half of link Cheng Huan
Fig. 5 notifies message to judge the latter half of link Cheng Huan
Fig. 6 hello packet notice is judged link Cheng Huan
The port of Fig. 7 root switch detects and self-healing
Fig. 8 general switch port detect and self-healing
Embodiment
Two switches connect at first and pass through the attribute that hello packet sends the switch of oneself between two switches; Judge after receiving message; If their root switch MAC equates that the numbering with link equates and two kinds be not zero; In a loop, they connect and then become ring certainly before them, and this port is disabled immediately.Otherwise send link and connect the notice message; This message is transmitted by switch; Get back at last that the source transmit leg is judged if its MAC is minimum; On two ports receiving and send, send the ring confirmation message that is linked in the opposite direction so, the switch that receives message is provided with the attribute of oneself according to content of message.After the source transmit leg receives the message that oneself sends, the big port of numbering in the disabled ports.
When link broke off, switch was judged the role of oneself and the role of port, if root switch, the port that breaks is a root port, that it open the port of forbidding.If it is a general switch; The port that breaks is downward port, and it upwards sends link and breaks off the notice message, and this message is forwarded always; The MAC Address storehouse of the switch situation receiving port that receives simultaneously; Up to being received by root switch, root switch is opened the port of forbidding then, and link-recovery is normal.
Claims (6)
1. the detection and the self-healing algorithm of the many root switch of many loops of data link layer in the EPA; It is characterized in that adopting master-slave architecture; Can judge whether Cheng Huan of link fast; And can forbid a port fast at Cheng Huanhou and stop into ring, in link failure, can open standby port, restoring communication simultaneously.
2. according to claim specification 1 described many loop detection and self-healing method, it is characterized in that: link Cheng Huanhou, become the switch of MAC minimum in the loop chain road to be set as root switch, be responsible for the detection and the self-healing of link by it.
3. according to claim specification 1 and 2 described many loop detecting methods; It is characterized in that: if having a plurality of rings then a plurality of root switch are arranged; Each independent ring can be regarded an independently system as; The detection of link and self-healing detect and self-healing in each independently encircles, and can not relate to other ring.
4. according to claim specification 1 described many loop detection and self-healing method; It is characterized in that: root switch is distinguished senders to different one-tenth ring confirmation messages at two ports of Cheng Huan; After switch in the loop is received these two messages; Port that makes progress of oneself and downward port can be set, the association attributes of switch is set simultaneously.
5. according to claim specification 1 described many loop detection and self-healing method; It is characterized in that: after switch ports themselves connects; Separately attribute of exchange can judge whether into ring fast according to attribute message between the switch, if judge into ring then can forbid the port that connected just now; Otherwise send the probe messages that link connects; This probe messages is forwarded, if received then link Cheng Huan by oneself, notifies the switch of MAC Address minimum in the link to carry out loop detection and self-healing algorithm then.
6. according to claim specification 1 described many loop detection and self-healing method; It is characterized in that: after link broke off, switch sent link and breaks off message through port upwards; This message is transmitted through the port that makes progress; Up to being received by root switch, root switch is responsible for carrying out the self-healing algorithm then, disabled port before opening.
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| CN103685079A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-03-26 | 武汉迈威实达软件有限公司 | Self-adaptive Ethernet single-loop network algorithm |
| CN113709068A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-26 | 北京东土科技股份有限公司 | Switch system and execution processing method of switch |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |