CN102545599B - Switching power supply and method for stabilizing voltage thereof - Google Patents
Switching power supply and method for stabilizing voltage thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102545599B CN102545599B CN201010585627.XA CN201010585627A CN102545599B CN 102545599 B CN102545599 B CN 102545599B CN 201010585627 A CN201010585627 A CN 201010585627A CN 102545599 B CN102545599 B CN 102545599B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of switching power supply, comprise: switch sections, sampling section, feedback ratio comparatively control section, pwm control signal generate and amplifier section, constant-current source control section, output filtering part, sampling section is for carrying the one part of current of output filtering part output to obtain feedback voltage; Constant-current source control section is used for the electric current of control flow check over-sampling part; Feedback ratio comparatively control section is used for feedback voltage and reference voltage being compared, to produce small-signal pulse signal; Pwm control signal generates and amplifier section, for amplifying after small-signal pulse signal modulation, thus obtains pwm control signal; Switch sections be used under the control of pwm control signal by input voltage through pulse-width modulation, to be supplied to output filtering part; Output filtering part is used for exporting after pwm voltage filtering.Present invention also offers a kind of method for stabilizing voltage of switching power supply.Present invention decreases output voltage ripple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit engineering field, in particular to a kind of switching power supply and method for stabilizing voltage thereof.
Background technology
Structure based on the switching power supply of lag mode is generally: the final output of stabilized voltage power supply is by feeding back to the FEEDBACK CONTROL end of power supply control chip thus formation control winding stablizes that required actual voltage stabilizing exports after electric resistance partial pressure.
The structure of its whole control winding as shown in Figure 1, mainly have employed the transistor Q1 for on-off action, for exporting PWM(Pulse Width Modulation, pulse-width modulation) power supply chip of switching pulse, for inductance L 1 and the electric capacity C2 of the filtering voltage regulation of rear end output, for divider resistance R1, R2 etc. of sampling feedback.Control chip provides a sluggish comparative voltage to ensure to make whole control loop produce vibration.Hysteresis voltage in Fig. 1 is equivalent to V
fwith V
refmaximum difference.V
refbe a steady state value, V
fcan change with the height of output voltage, therefore both have a difference.When this difference reaches the hysteresis voltage value of control chip, control chip just has corresponding action to control actual output voltage V
outsize, therefore have also been changed V
fsize, thus ensure that V
fvalue approximate V
refvalue, also ensure that V simultaneously
outit is the fixing output voltage of a design.
The switching power supply of the lag mode designed by the control mode obtaining sampling feedback voltage by electric resistance partial pressure that inventor finds usually to adopt, there is the problem that virtual voltage ripple can increase along with the increase of output voltage, which greatly limits its scope in practical application.
Inventor thinks, the producing cause of this problem there is a hysteresis comparator in the switching power supply chip based on lag mode, if comparator hysteresis voltage is V
hYST, feedback voltage is V
f=V
ref, stabilized voltage power supply exports as V
out, know V according to theory calculate
oUTin AC portion, i.e. actual output voltage ripple V
rIPPLEv can be more than or equal to
hYST× V
out/ V
ref.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of switching power supply and method for stabilizing voltage thereof, the problem that can increase along with the increase of output voltage with the output voltage ripple solving the switching power supply of prior art.
In an embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of switching power supply, comprise: switch sections, sampling section, feedback ratio comparatively control section, pwm control signal generate and amplifier section, constant-current source control section, output filtering part, smart machine monitor portion, sampling section is for carrying the one part of current of output filtering part output to obtain feedback voltage; Constant-current source control section is used for the electric current of control flow check over-sampling part; Feedback ratio comparatively control section is used for feedback voltage and reference voltage being compared, to produce small-signal pulse signal; Pwm control signal generates and amplifier section, for amplifying after small-signal pulse signal modulation, thus obtains pwm control signal; Switch sections be used under the control of pwm control signal by input voltage through pulse-width modulation, to be supplied to output filtering part; Output filtering part is used for exporting after pwm voltage filtering, and smart machine monitor portion is used for the size being controlled actual output voltage value by secondary loop.
In an embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of method for stabilizing voltage of switching power supply, switching power supply comprises: switch sections, sampling section, feedback ratio comparatively control section, pwm control signal generate and amplifier section, constant-current source control section, output filtering part, smart machine monitor portion, and method for stabilizing voltage comprises: the one part of current that sampling section carrying output filtering part exports is to obtain feedback voltage; The electric current of constant-current source control section control flow check over-sampling part; Feedback voltage and reference voltage compare by feedback ratio comparatively control section, to produce small-signal pulse signal; Pwm control signal generates and amplifier section amplifies after small-signal pulse signal modulation, thus obtains pwm control signal; Switch sections under the control of pwm control signal by input voltage through pulse-width modulation, to be supplied to output filtering part; Output filtering part exports after pwm voltage filtering, and smart machine monitor portion controls the size of actual output voltage value by secondary loop.
The switching power supply of the present embodiment and method for stabilizing voltage thereof are because have employed the electric current of constant-current source control section control flow check over-sampling part to obtain the feedback controling mode of sampled voltage, so the problem that the output voltage ripple overcoming prior art can increase along with the increase of output voltage, reach the effect reducing output voltage ripple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and form a application's part, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of conventional switching power supply;
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of switching power supply according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the circuit diagram of switching power supply in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the circuit diagram of the switching power supply according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the flow chart of the method for stabilizing voltage of the switching power supply of Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the present invention in detail.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of switching power supply according to an embodiment of the invention, comprise: switch sections 10, sampling section 20, feedback ratio comparatively control section 30, pwm control signal generate and amplifier section 40, constant-current source control section 50, output filtering part 60, wherein, for carrying the one part of current of output filtering part 60 output, (this electric current is control signal to sampling section 20, the very little one part of current so only need sample, the electric current that output filtering part exports is constant current) to obtain feedback voltage (this voltage is dynamic electric voltage); Constant-current source control section 20 is for the electric current (this electric current is constant current) of control flow check over-sampling part 20; Feedback ratio comparatively control section 30 for feedback voltage and reference voltage are compared, to produce small-signal pulse signal; Pwm control signal generates and amplifier section 40, for amplifying after small-signal pulse signal modulation, thus obtains pwm control signal; Switch sections 10 under the control of pwm control signal by input voltage through pulse-width modulation, to be supplied to output filtering part 60; Output filtering part 60 is for exporting after pwm voltage filtering.
The switching power supply of the present embodiment is because adopt the electric current of constant-current source control section control flow check over-sampling part to obtain the feedback controling mode of sampled voltage, so the problem that the output voltage ripple overcoming prior art can increase along with the increase of output voltage, reach the effect reducing output voltage ripple.
Fig. 3 shows the circuit diagram of switching power supply in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, switch sections is a transistor Q1 being used as on-off action, such as, adopt MOSFET(metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube), its source electrode connects, its connection that drains, and its grid connects pwm control signal and generates and amplifier section.Q1 selects model to be the MOSFET of FDC5614P in a preferred embodiment.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, output filtering part comprises inductor L1 and the capacitor C2 of series connection, the output of the input connecting valve part Q1 of inductor L1, the output head grounding of capacitor C2, and capacitor C2 is for carrying the voltage V of output
out., this circuit object is that the voltage signal of pulsation is smoothed to stable output level.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, sampling section comprises the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2 of series connection, and the input of the first resistance R1 connects the output of inductor L1 and the input of capacitor C2, the output head grounding of the second resistance R2.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, constant-current source control section comprises an an operational amplifier U1 and triode Q2, the reverse input end of emitter concatenation operation amplifier U1 of triode Q2 and the input of the second resistance R2, the collector electrode of triode Q2 connects the output of the first resistance R1, the output of the base stage concatenation operation amplifier U1 of triode Q2, the positive input stable connection voltage V of operational amplifier U1
c.This can be converted to the burning voltage of the positive input from operational amplifier the stabling current flowing through load resistance, and therefore this voltage also controls the size of the stabling current flowing into transistor collector end.It is NPN type triode in Fig. 3.Wherein, the electric current of constant-current source control section control flow check over-sampling resistance R1, sampling resistor R1 obtains a controlled constant voltage and falls, this pressure drop adds the feedback voltage V of control chip
f(size of its value should equal the reference voltage V of control chip inside
ref) actual output voltage V can be obtained
out.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, switching power supply also comprises a diode D1, its plus earth, and its negative electrode connects the input of inductor L1.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, switching power supply also comprises input filter part 70, for obtaining input voltage by after the voltage filter of input voltage source, is supplied to switch sections 10.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, input filter part 70 is a capacitor C1, and its one end connects input voltage source V
inwith switch sections Q1, other end ground connection.
As shown in Figure 3, described sampling section 20, feedback ratio can be made up of the additional peripheral capacitance resistance of a power supply control chip and sampling resistor compared with control section 30, pwm control signal generation and amplifier section 40.(positive input of hysteresis comparator is a reference voltage stabilizing source V to feed back to the reverse input end of the hysteresis comparator in power supply control chip after being actually passed through the constant pressure drop of filtered output voltage by sampling resistor R1
ref), by this comparator relatively after result carry out the pulse signal that modulation pulse generator generates, and by the pwm control signal (pulse export) namely in figure for control switch part can be obtained after amplifying.When actual output voltage is too high, after sampling feedback voltage higher than hysteresis comparator forward input voltage and hysteresis voltage and time, the output of power supply control chip roof-cut resistence part; When virtual voltage is too low, when after sampling feedback, voltage is lower than hysteresis comparator forward input voltage value, power supply control chip exports pwm control signal, and switch sections is started working.Such negative feedback closed loop just can the voltage of the actual output of automatic stabilisation.
Input capacitance C1 is storage capacitor, for back-end circuit and output provide electric energy.Switch sections such as Q1 is depicted as a MOSFET(metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube), act as and give rear end filter unit the electric energy in storage capacitor under the effect of grid impulse control voltage.Q1 selects model to be the MOSFET of FDC5614P in the present embodiment, and S pole (source electrode) connects the forward import and export end of C1, and D pole (drain electrode) connects the output filtering part of rear end, and its G pole (grid) is controlled by power supply chip.Output filtering part is made up of inductance L 1, output capacitance C2 as shown in Figure 3.Inductance L 1 is connected in series switching tube and output capacitance C2 forward end.D1 is a fly-wheel diode as shown in Figure 2,
When switching tube turns off, the electric energy stored in inductance continues to charge in output capacitance C2 by the afterflow of this diode.The anode of D1 is connected to ground, and negative electrode is connected to the input of L1.
The power supply of the present embodiment is different from power supply usual at present and is mainly on its control loop.See Fig. 1, being mainly composed in series with divider resistance R1, R2, R3 of sampling feedback part at present usual Energy control winding, sampling voltage is V
f=V
oUT× R3/ (R1+R2+R3).Therefore under lag mode according to calculating V
rIPPLE=V
hYST× (R1+R2+R3)/R3 can know that its ripple size is that the fixing of power supply chip hysteresis voltage doubly takes advantage of relation (multiplication factor is (R1+R2+R3)/R3).If when designing the circuit of more high output voltage value with same power supply chip, its factor becomes larger, and therefore its ripple also can rise along with the rising of output voltage.
See Fig. 3, the sampling feedback control section of the power supply of the present embodiment is realized by feedback resistance R1 under the effect of a voltage controlled current source control.Wherein, the electric current of voltage controlled current source is I
b-V
c/ R
2, and I
c-I
e, the pressure drop that therefore can calculate feedback resistance two ends is, and the magnitude of voltage feeding back to power supply chip is
.According to close loop negative feedback stable condition: when stablizing, V
f-V
rEF.Because
at R under the control of constant-current source
1two ends obtain, so
a constant value, and V
fvariable quantity reflects is exactly V
oUTvariable quantity.Therefore can realize under the control of this feedback arrangement: V
rIPPLE=V
hYST, output ripple amplitude does not only have multiplication factor, but also does not increase with the increase of output voltage.
See Fig. 3, the constant-current source control module in the present embodiment is made up of operational amplifier U1, universal triode Q2 and precision resistance R2.The positive input of U1 inputs a voltage stabilizing V
c, the Nodes that the emitter that reverse input end is connected to Q2 is connected with R2, the base stage of the output Direct driver Q2 of operational amplifier.This circuit is also be a negative feedback closed loop structural circuit, can realize exporting high-precision constant current I
b=V
c/ R
2.Because this is a constant-current source, therefore the sampling resistor R to connecting with it is want in its internal resistance
1be infinitely great, therefore the impact of voltage controlled current source on feedback point is negligible.
Fig. 4 shows the circuit diagram of the switching power supply according to another preferred embodiment of the present embodiment.The preferred embodiment, by controlling the control voltage input of the voltage controlled current source as shown in Figure 2, can change the voltage drop that namely size flowing through sample resistance electric current also changes sample resistance two ends.The present embodiment adds smart machine supervisory circuit on the basis of system as shown in Figure 3.The DAC control module of dotted portion and PWM output module and filtration module can realize the function controlling output voltage size all respectively as shown in the figure.The ADC module increased is the size in order to realize on-line monitoring actual output voltage value, and this road feedback can realize the size that secondary loop controls actual output voltage value by MCU/FPGA module as shown in the figure.
Because the power supply virtual voltage output valve V of the present embodiment
oUT=V
f+ V
r(wherein, V
oUTfor actual output voltage; V
ffor feedback voltage, in degeneration factor, this voltage equals power reference reference voltage; V
rvoltage drop on sample resistance), so the size of actual output voltage value can be changed by the electric current changing above-mentioned constant-current source.At multiple-channel output and each road all needs online continuously adjustabe separately time, adopt the circuit of this preferred embodiment can obtain good effect.
Because the electric current flowing through sampling resistor is constant, know that the voltage drop at sampling resistor two ends is also constant according to ohm law V=I × R.Therefore, the size of the actual output end voltage fluctuation of stabilized power supply fully can be reflected in the feedback end of power supply control chip, this ripple amplitude does not only increase with the increase of actual output voltage amplitude, and when considering loop hysteresis phenomenon only slightly larger than the hysteresis voltage V of power supply control chip comparator
hYST.This circuit expands the application of the switching power supply based on lag mode.Owing to can control the size of power supply actual output voltage by controlling the voltage of voltage controlled current source, therefore namely control actual output voltage at multiple-channel output after adopting control appliance output digit signals to convert voltage to by D/A in every continuously adjustable application system of the online single channel of Lu Junxu.
Fig. 5 shows the flow chart of the method for stabilizing voltage of the switching power supply of Fig. 2, and method for stabilizing voltage comprises:
Step S10, the one part of current that sampling section carrying output filtering part exports is to obtain feedback voltage;
Step S20, the electric current of constant-current source control section control flow check over-sampling part;
Step S30, feedback voltage and reference voltage compare by feedback ratio comparatively control section, to produce small-signal pulse signal;
Step S40, pwm control signal generates and amplifier section amplifies after small-signal pulse signal modulation, thus obtains pwm control signal;
Step S50, switch sections under the control of pwm control signal by input voltage through pulse-width modulation, to be supplied to output filtering part;
Step S60, output filtering part exports after pwm voltage filtering.
This method reduces output voltage ripple.
Preferably, switching power supply also comprises input filter part, and method for stabilizing voltage also comprises: input filter part obtains input voltage by after the voltage filter of input voltage source, is supplied to switch sections.
In sum, the circuit structure in the present invention can realize lower ripple and its amplitude does not increase with the rising of output voltage.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a switching power supply, is characterized in that, comprising: switch sections, sampling section, feedback ratio comparatively control section, pwm control signal generate and amplifier section, constant-current source control section, output filtering part, smart machine monitor portion,
Described sampling section is for carrying the one part of current of described output filtering part output to obtain feedback voltage;
Described constant-current source control section is for controlling the electric current flowing through described sampling section, and described constant-current source control section comprises an operational amplifier and a triode;
Described feedback ratio comparatively control section is used for described feedback voltage and reference voltage being compared, to produce small-signal pulse signal;
Described pwm control signal generates and amplifier section, for amplifying after described small-signal pulse signal modulation, thus obtains pwm control signal;
Described switch sections be used under the control of described pwm control signal by input voltage through pulse-width modulation, to be supplied to described output filtering part;
Described output filtering part is used for exporting after pwm voltage filtering;
The described smart machine monitor portion electric current be used for by changing constant-current source control section changes the size of actual output voltage value.
2. switching power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switch sections is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube, and its source electrode connects input filter part, its drain electrode connects described output filtering part, and its grid connects described pwm control signal and generates and amplifier section.
3. switching power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described output filtering part comprises inductor and the capacitor of series connection, the input of described inductor connects the output of described switch sections, the output head grounding of described capacitor, described capacitor is for carrying the voltage of output.
4. switching power supply according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described sampling section comprises the first resistance and second resistance of series connection, and the input of described first resistance connects the output of described inductor and the input of described capacitor, the output head grounding of described second resistance.
5. switching power supply according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described constant-current source control section comprises an operational amplifier and a triode, the emitter of described triode connects the reverse input end of described operational amplifier and the input of described second resistance, the collector electrode of described triode connects the output of described first resistance, the base stage of described triode connects the output of described operational amplifier, the positive input stable connection voltage of described operational amplifier.
6. switching power supply according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprise a diode, its plus earth, its negative electrode connects the input of described inductor.
7. switching power supply according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises input filter part, for obtaining described input voltage by after the voltage filter of input voltage source, is supplied to described switch sections.
8. switching power supply according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described input filter part is a capacitor, and its one end connects described input voltage source and described switch sections, other end ground connection.
9. the method for stabilizing voltage of a switching power supply, it is characterized in that, described switching power supply comprises: switch sections, sampling section, feedback ratio comparatively control section, pwm control signal generate and amplifier section, constant-current source control section, output filtering part, smart machine monitor portion, and described method for stabilizing voltage comprises:
Described sampling section carries the one part of current of described output filtering part output to obtain feedback voltage;
Described constant-current source control section controls the electric current flowing through described sampling section, and described constant-current source control section comprises an operational amplifier and a triode;
Described feedback voltage and reference voltage compare by described feedback ratio comparatively control section, to produce small-signal pulse signal;
Described pwm control signal generates and amplifier section amplifies after described small-signal pulse signal modulation, thus obtains pwm control signal;
Described switch sections under the control of described pwm control signal by input voltage through pulse-width modulation, to be supplied to described output filtering part;
Described output filtering part exports after pwm voltage filtering;
Described smart machine monitor portion changes the size of actual output voltage value by the electric current changing constant-current source control section.
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described switching power supply also comprises input filter part, and described method for stabilizing voltage also comprises: described input filter part obtains described input voltage by after the voltage filter of input voltage source, is supplied to described switch sections.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN102545599B true CN102545599B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| CN102882366B (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2015-06-17 | 海能达通信股份有限公司 | Ripple power supply device and method for providing direct-current voltage with ripples |
| CN103078500B (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2015-08-26 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Adjustable switch power supply |
| US9564795B2 (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2017-02-07 | Silergy Semiconductor Technology (Hangzhou) Ltd | Ripple filter circuit and ripple filter method |
| CN105404341B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-04-05 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | A kind of electric power output voltage sampling feedback apparatus and system |
| CN105048773A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-11 | 深圳开立生物医疗科技股份有限公司 | Output voltage control circuit |
| CN106774598A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 陕西烽火电子股份有限公司 | A kind of power supply voltage control apparatus |
| CN106921293A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-04 | 深圳陆巡科技有限公司 | Based on it is numerically controlled can real time linear regulation output DC DC translation circuits |
| CN111857203A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Glycosylated hemoglobin analyzer and temperature control system thereof |
| CN110299843B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2021-05-25 | 上海芯导电子科技有限公司 | Composite DCDC circuit |
| CN114499176B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-09-09 | 北京华芯微半导体有限公司 | Power supply feedback control system and method |
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