CN102545253A - Digital signal processor (DSP)-based staggered single-phase space vector pulse modulation gridding device - Google Patents

Digital signal processor (DSP)-based staggered single-phase space vector pulse modulation gridding device Download PDF

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CN102545253A
CN102545253A CN2010105849295A CN201010584929A CN102545253A CN 102545253 A CN102545253 A CN 102545253A CN 2010105849295 A CN2010105849295 A CN 2010105849295A CN 201010584929 A CN201010584929 A CN 201010584929A CN 102545253 A CN102545253 A CN 102545253A
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rectifying tube
space vector
dsp
pulse modulation
vector pulse
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曾冬平
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SHENZHEN GOLD POWER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a digital signal processor (DSP)-based staggered single phase space vector pulse modulation gridding device. The device comprises a space vector pulse modulation device, a staggered control device and a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises a DSP control unit; the space vector pulse modulation device is a single-phase space vector pulse modulation device; and all bridge circuits of the staggered control device are staggered and operated in parallel according to a 360 DEG/N of phase at the same frequency, wherein N (N is more than or equal to 2) is the number of the current parallel circuits. The device adopts a DSP staggered single-phase space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology, facilitates digitized management, reduces device volume, has a compact circuit structure, improves the dynamic performance of power supplies, optimizes switch times, reduces switch loss and improves the utilization rate of (direct current) DC voltage. The inverter technology is superior to the conventional inverter technology, is suitable for the inversion of new energy and grid power generation, and has higher harmonic suppression capability and a wide application prospect.

Description

The unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression grid-connecting apparatus based on DSP
Technical field
The present invention relates to the inverter field, particularly employing is by the inverter of the single-phase space vector pulse modulation of the alternating expression interconnection technology of DSP control, and this inverter is used in usually the direct currents that green energy resource produced such as solar energy are incorporated into electricity network.
Background technology
There are the slow and shortcomings such as the direct voltage utilance is low, switching frequency is low, the big circuit structure complicacy of volume of dynamic responding speed in traditional inversion transformation technique.
Adopt the single-phase SVPWM of DSP alternating expression (space vector pulse width modulation Space Vector PulseWidth Modulation) interconnection technology; Both be easy to digital management; It is compact to reduce the device volume circuit structure, can improve the dynamic property of power supply again, optimizes the switch number of times; Reduce switching loss, improve the direct voltage utilance.This inversion transformation technique is better than traditional inversion transformation technique, is fit to the novel energy inversion and generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and has preferably that harmonic wave suppresses ability, has a extensive future.
The main thought of SVPWM is: the desirable magnetic linkage circle of three-phase symmetrical motor stator is a normative reference when supplying power with three-phase symmetrical sine wave voltage; Do suitable switching with the different switching modes of three-phase inverter; Thereby form the PWM ripple, follow the trail of its accurate magnetic linkage circle with formed actual flux linkage vector.Traditional SPWM method is from the angle of power supply, and generating the sine-wave power of a Frequency Adjustable pressure regulation, and the SVPWM method regards inversion system and asynchronous machine as an integral body and consider that model is fairly simple, also is convenient to the real-time control of microprocessor.
Common three phase full bridge is three half-bridges that are made up of six switching devices. these six switching devices combine (signal of the half-bridge up and down of same brachium pontis is opposite) have the on off state of 8 kinds of safety. wherein 000,111 (being three on off states of going up brachium pontis of expression here) these two kinds of on off states can not produce effective electric current in motor-driven.Therefore be called zero vector.Other 6 kinds of on off states are respectively six effective vectors.They are divided into a 60 degree sector, totally six sectors with the voltage space of 360 degree.Utilize these six basic effectively vectors and two zero amounts.Can synthesize any vector in 360 degree.
In the time will synthesizing a certain vector, earlier this resolution of vectors is arrived from its two nearest basic vector.Then go to represent with these two basic vectors.And the effect size of each basic vector just utilize action time length go the representative.
When variable-frequency motor drove, direction vector was a continually varying, so we need continuous compute vectors action time.For the convenience of Computer Processing, generally be regularly to go to calculate (calculating once) when synthetic like every 0.1ms.As long as it is just passable that we calculate time of two basic vector effects in 0.1ms like this.Because the sum total of two times that calculate possibly not be 0.1ms (littler than this), and that remaining time is just inserted suitable zero vector by situation.Because when such processing, synthetic drive waveforms and PWM are very similar.Therefore we also are its PWM, and space vector of voltage goes to synthesize because of this PWM is based on again, so just be its SVPWM.
The SVPWM characteristics:
1. though there is multiple switching to switch in each minizone, each switch switching only relates to a device, so switching loss is little.
2. utilize space vector of voltage directly to generate the three-phase PWM ripple, calculate simple.
3. inverter output line voltage first-harmonic maximum is a dc voltage, and is higher by 15% than general SPWM inverter output voltage.
At present; The inverter that has only the SVPWM of three-phase to be incorporated into the power networks, the inverter that does not have single-phase SVPWM to be incorporated into the power networks, in addition; The processor that the inverter that present SVPWM is incorporated into the power networks uses all is to adopt MCU; Though and MCU has superiority at aspects such as process control at present, aspect numerical computations, have superiority, and here the most important work of processor is exactly a numerical computations not as DSP.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the inverter that does not have single-phase staggered SVPWM to be incorporated into the power networks in the inverter that present three-phase SVPWM is incorporated into the power networks; And microprocessors such as employing MCU are accomplished the deficiency that control produced to inversion, and the present invention provides the unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression based on DSP grid-connecting apparatus.
The present invention for realizing the technical scheme that its purpose adopts is: the unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression based on DSP grid-connecting apparatus comprises space vector pulse modulation device, alternating expression control device and control unit;
Described control unit comprises the DSP control unit; Described DSP control unit exchanges lock phase sine wave signal according to civil power and produces pulse-width signal, and output connects described space vector pulse modulation device;
Described space vector pulse modulation device is unidirectional space vector pulse modulation device; Comprise one group of bridge circuit of realizing power inverting conversion output, the pulse-width signal control that described bridge circuit is produced by described DSP control unit;
Described alternating expression control device is pressed 360 degree/N phase shifting parallel operations with the output of each bridge circuit with same frequency, and wherein N is >=2 integer.
Further, in the above-mentioned unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression based on the DSP grid-connecting apparatus: described bridge circuit comprises first rectifying tube, second rectifying tube, the 3rd rectifying tube and the 4th rectifying tube;
The emitter of described first rectifying tube connects the collector electrode of second rectifying tube;
The emitter of described the 3rd rectifying tube connects the collector electrode of the 4th rectifying tube;
The collector electrode of described first rectifying tube and the 3rd rectifying tube connects the positive pole of DC power supply simultaneously, and the emitter of described second rectifying tube and the 4th rectifying tube connects the negative pole of DC power supply simultaneously;
The base stage of described first rectifying tube, second rectifying tube, the 3rd rectifying tube and the 4th rectifying tube connects the pulse-width signal that described DSP control unit produces;
Lead wire set between the collector electrode of the lead-in wire between the collector electrode of the emitter of described first rectifying tube and second rectifying tube and the emitter of described the 3rd rectifying tube and the 4th rectifying tube becomes alternating current output signal.Each rectifying tube in described first rectifying tube, second rectifying tube, the 3rd rectifying tube and the 4th rectifying tube comprises a triode and a diode, and described diode anti-phase is attempted by between the collector electrode and emitter of described triode.
Further; In the above-mentioned unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression based on the DSP grid-connecting apparatus: described alternating expression control device comprises the phase-adjusting circuit of the bridge circuit output that is connected described power inverting conversion output; Described phase-adjusting circuit comprises inductance, electric capacity and resistance; The series circuit that described inductance and resistance are formed is connected in an end of bridge circuit output, and described electric capacity is arranged on the two ends of bridge circuit output.
The present invention adopts the single-phase SVPWM interconnection technology of the alternating expression of DSP, both has been easy to digital management, and it is compact to reduce the device volume circuit structure, can improve the dynamic property of power supply again, optimizes the switch number of times, reduces switching loss, improves the direct voltage utilance.This inversion transformation technique is better than traditional inversion transformation technique, is fit to the novel energy inversion and generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and has preferably that harmonic wave suppresses ability, has a extensive future.
Below will combine accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be carried out comparatively detailed explanation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inverter system block diagram in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the defeated and phase-adjusting circuit schematic diagram of bridge circuit in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is single-phase space voltage vector figure.
Fig. 4 is the single-phase voltage polar plot after the Rotating Transition of Coordinate.
Fig. 5 is the single-phase PWM inverter circuit.
Fig. 6 is 4 voltage vector-diagrams after the coordinate transform.
Fig. 7 is the interleaved operation system diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, and is as shown in Figure 1, and present embodiment is the unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression based on a DSP grid-connecting apparatus, comprises space vector pulse modulation device, alternating expression control device and control unit; Control unit comprises the DSP control unit; Here use the DSP control unit to replace the MCU that generally uses at present, this unit exchanges lock phase sine wave signal according to civil power and produces pulse-width signal, and output connects space vector pulse modulation device; For space vector pulse modulation device provides pulse-width signal.
In the present embodiment, space vector pulse modulation device is unidirectional space vector pulse modulation device; Comprise one group of bridge circuit of realizing power inverting conversion output, the pulse-width signal control that described bridge circuit is produced by the DSP control unit; The physical circuit of bridge circuit is as shown in Figure 2; Comprise the bridge rectifier that the first rectifying tube Q1, the second rectifying tube Q2, the 3rd rectifying tube Q3 and the 4th rectifying tube Q4 form; Concrete annexation is as shown in Figure 2, and the emitter of the first rectifying tube Q1 connects the collector electrode of the second rectifying tube Q2 and forms a rectifier bridge; The emitter of the 3rd rectifying tube Q3 connects the collector electrode of the 4th rectifying tube Q4 and forms second rectifier bridge.The collector electrode of the first rectifying tube Q1 and the 3rd rectifying tube Q3 connects the positive pole of DC power supply simultaneously, and the emitter of the second rectifying tube Q2 and the 4th rectifying tube Q4 connects the negative pole of DC power supply simultaneously; The base stage of the first rectifying tube Q1, the second rectifying tube Q2, the 3rd rectifying tube Q3 and the 4th rectifying tube Q4 connects the pulse-width signal that described DSP control unit produces.Lead wire set between the collector electrode of lead-in wire between the collector electrode of the emitter of the first rectifying tube Q1 and the second rectifying tube Q2 and the emitter of described the 3rd rectifying tube Q3 and the 4th rectifying tube Q4 becomes alternating current output signal.In the present embodiment; Each rectifying tube among the first rectifying tube Q1, the second rectifying tube Q2, the 3rd rectifying tube Q3 and the 4th rectifying tube Q4 comprises a triode and a diode, and described diode anti-phase is attempted by between the collector electrode and emitter of described triode
Described alternating expression control device is pressed 360 degree/N phase shifting parallel operations with the output of each bridge circuit with same frequency; Wherein N is >=2 integer; Physical circuit is as shown in Figure 2; The alternating expression control device comprises the phase-adjusting circuit of the bridge circuit output that is connected described power inverting conversion output; Described phase-adjusting circuit comprises inductance L, capacitor C and resistance R, and the series circuit that described inductance L and resistance R are formed is connected in an end of bridge circuit output, and described capacitor C is arranged on the two ends of bridge circuit output.According to adjusting different L and the size of C, can make the phase place of output different, present embodiment can be set to 8 with N as required, through adjusting the size of different L and C, makes phase phasic difference 45 degree of each bridge circuit output.
Discuss the operation principle that present embodiment is described through theory below:
Single-phase space vector (SVPWM) control principle and three phase space vector control principles are similar, can introduce the line voltage form of single-phase SVPWM transform vector.
u AB = 2 U φ sin wt u BA = 2 U φ sin ( wt + π ) - - - ( 1 )
U wherein ABAnd u BABe single-phase inversion power supply AC side voltage, u φBe the AC side voltage effective value.
Getting t is parameter, and formula (1) is formed single-phase space voltage vector u=[u AB, u BA] T, when t ∈ [∞ ,+∞], vector u forms the plane voltage vector in the two dimensional surface coordinate system, as shown in Figure 3.
Similar with the three-phase space voltage vector, because u AB+ u BA=0 single-phase space voltage vector U all drops on the x+y=0 plane and straight line.Can prove the vector space V that all vector U form uBe R 2On the one-dimensional linear subspace.The coordinate of former space voltage vector
Figure BDA0000037827950000052
under new base that be easy to get behind the rotational coordinates is:
u ~ = u α u β = 2 U φ 2 sin wt 0 - - - ( 2 )
Figure BDA0000037827950000054
is as shown in Figure 4 for single-phase voltage polar plot after the Coordinate Conversion.
Typical case's single-phase PWM inverter bridge circuit is as shown in Figure 5, produces four kinds of discrete output line voltage vectors, sees table 1.Wherein, " 0 " expression is turn-offed; " 1 " expression is open-minded.
Use matrix notation, shown in (3).
v ab v ba = V dc 1 - 1 - 1 1 a b - - - ( 3 )
4 kinds of on off states of table 1 single-phase inverter
a b v ab v ba Vector
0 0 0 0 v 0
0 1 -V dc V dc v 1
1 0 V dc -V dc v 2
1 1 0 0 v 3
Voltage vector v=[v Ab, v Ba] TForm 4 discrete space vectors in the space, carry out formula (4) transform vector.
v ~ = C - 1 v = 2 V dc 1 - 1 0 0 a b - - - ( 4 )
Polar plot after the coordinate transform is as shown in Figure 6.
Utilizing 4 discrete voltage vectors of formula (4) to come the desired output voltage vector of linear fit formula (2) is the basic thought of single-phase SVPWM technology.If T sBe the PWM of system carrier cycle, T 1Be current effective voltage vector action time, T 0Be no-voltage vector action time, according to weber equilibrium principle can get:
T s u ~ = T 1 v ~ x + T 0 ( v ~ 0 , v ~ 3 ) T s = T 1 + T 0 - - - ( 5 )
Wherein
Figure BDA0000037827950000062
is the expectation output voltage vector;
Figure BDA0000037827950000063
exports one of two non-zero vectors
Figure BDA0000037827950000064
or
Figure BDA0000037827950000065
for inversion, and its selection is looked
Figure BDA0000037827950000066
and decided.
In addition, the interleaved operation of present embodiment is a kind of of parallel way, and the operation of N module paralleling and interleaving is meant that the switching frequency of each parallelly connected module is identical, the 1/N switch periods but initial conducting is staggered constantly each other successively.The amplitude of output ripple has substantial degradation, and while output ripple frequency also rises to N times of single module.As shown in Figure 7:
The principle of this method is that to produce the identical and phase difference of a series of frequencies through a control module be that the drive signal of 2 π/N drives corresponding converter, and is as shown in Figure 6.
The crisscross parallel power-supply system not only has all advantages of parallel power supply system, also has following characteristic: 1. crisscross parallel topology output current I OutRipple frequency be Nf s(f s=1/T s), can greatly reduce the requirement of filter and magnetic element, thereby improve the power density of whole crisscross parallel power-supply system, simultaneously filter capacity reduce can improve the system's transient response characteristic.2. the voltage gain of crisscross parallel topology is identical with individual module, through the control of individual module duty ratio being realized the accurate adjusting of staggered topological output voltage.3. output current ripple amplitude 0≤Δ I Out≤I RippleThe output current ripple amplitude is approached or equal zero through rational design, realize zero ripple output.
In sum, the crisscross parallel power-supply system is fit to the power technology requirement of highly reliable, high power density and fast transient response.
In the scheme of embodiment owing to adopted advanced digital dsp chip technology; Functions such as staggered control, the high performance loop that analog chip is difficult to realize calculates, low layer monitoring, automatic protection are by big completion of single dsp chip; Dwindled the volume of control circuit, solved analog chip and be difficult to realize that complicated heterogeneous and multi-channel PWM signal output, temperature are to loop affects, the protection of complicated low layer and monitoring function; Cross structure has reduced input and output ripple electric current, has reduced problems such as the big filter capacitor of high-power circuit ripple current is many, the equal flow problem of dsp chip realization multichannel crisscross parallel.It is low that same DC/AC circuit has adopted two-phase (single-phase) SVPWM space vector algorithm also to solve common two-phase (single-phase) SPWM pattern Dcbus bus voltage high efficiency; And problem such as modulating frequency is low; Also adopted DSP lock phase interconnection technology simultaneously; Solved the computing positive feedback negative effect of reference voltage base of being incorporated into the power networks of common application line voltage, thereby improved the reliability of DC/DC part and DC/AC part in all its bearings as loop.

Claims (4)

1. the unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of the alternating expression based on a DSP grid-connecting apparatus comprises space vector pulse modulation device, alternating expression control device and control unit; It is characterized in that:
Described control unit comprises the DSP control unit; Described DSP control unit exchanges lock phase sine wave signal according to civil power and produces pulse-width signal, and output connects described space vector pulse modulation device;
Described space vector pulse modulation device is unidirectional space vector pulse modulation device; Comprise one group of bridge circuit of realizing power inverting conversion output, the pulse-width signal control that described bridge circuit is produced by described DSP control unit;
Described alternating expression control device is pressed 360 degree/N phase shifting parallel operations with the output of each bridge circuit with same frequency, and wherein N is >=2 integer.
2. the unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression according to claim 1 grid-connecting apparatus based on DSP, it is characterized in that: described bridge circuit comprises first rectifying tube (Q1), second rectifying tube (Q2), the 3rd rectifying tube (Q3) and the 4th rectifying tube (Q4);
The emitter of described first rectifying tube (Q1) connects the collector electrode of second rectifying tube (Q2);
The emitter of described the 3rd rectifying tube (Q3) connects the collector electrode of the 4th rectifying tube (Q4);
The collector electrode of described first rectifying tube (Q1) and the 3rd rectifying tube (Q3) connects the positive pole of DC power supply simultaneously, and the emitter of described second rectifying tube (Q2) and the 4th rectifying tube (Q4) connects the negative pole of DC power supply simultaneously;
The base stage of described first rectifying tube (Q1), second rectifying tube (Q2), the 3rd rectifying tube (Q3) and the 4th rectifying tube (Q4) connects the pulse-width signal that described DSP control unit produces;
Lead wire set between the collector electrode of the lead-in wire between the emitter of described first rectifying tube (Q1) and the collector electrode of second rectifying tube (Q2) and the emitter of described the 3rd rectifying tube (Q3) and the 4th rectifying tube (Q4) becomes alternating current output signal.
3. the unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression according to claim 2 grid-connecting apparatus based on DSP; It is characterized in that: each rectifying tube in described first rectifying tube (Q1), second rectifying tube (Q2), the 3rd rectifying tube (Q3) and the 4th rectifying tube (Q4) comprises a triode and a diode, and described diode anti-phase is attempted by between the collector electrode and emitter of described triode.
4. the unidirectional space vector pulse modulation of a kind of alternating expression according to claim 3 grid-connecting apparatus based on DSP; It is characterized in that: described alternating expression control device comprises the phase-adjusting circuit of the bridge circuit output that is connected described power inverting conversion output; Described phase-adjusting circuit comprises inductance (L), electric capacity (C) and resistance (R); The series circuit that described inductance (L) and resistance (R) are formed is connected in an end of bridge circuit output, and described electric capacity (C) is arranged on the two ends of bridge circuit output.
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Application publication date: 20120704