CN102544985A - Optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability. The terahertz wave generation device based on modulation instability in optical fiber comprises a monomode laser, a phase modulation, a microwave source, an intensity modulator, an optical amplifier, a tunable filter, a photoelectric detector and an antenna. The optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device disclosed by the invention has simple and compact structure, can realize generation of tunable terahertz waves by adjusting the frequency of a microwave drive signal and has the advantages of greatly reducing the bandwidth requirements of the device and saving the cost of a system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a terahertz wave generating technology in the field of microwave photonics, in particular to an optical fiber type terahertz wave generating device and method based on modulation instability.
Background
At present, the terahertz frequency band in the microwave frequency band and the light wave frequency band is concerned by a plurality of scientific research institutions and companies. Terahertz waves in the frequency range of 0.1-0.3THz have great development potential in the application fields of high-speed wireless communication, military radar, imaging and the like due to relatively low transmission loss and relatively high generated power in the atmosphere, and are a very popular new research field. Because the frequency band is closer to the microwave frequency band, the terahertz wave is generated by adopting the electronic technology, such as an electronic laser, an electronic solid-state source and the like. However, due to the limitation of the electronic bottleneck, along with the increase of the output frequency band, the complexity and cost of the electronic system are increased significantly, which hinders the further development and application of the terahertz technology.
Microwave photonics is a research area combining microwave and photonics. The terahertz wave generation based on photonics is an important research direction, and the situation that the terahertz system is limited by the bandwidth of an electronic device and the cost of the system can be remarkably improved by combining the advantages of high bandwidth of an optical frequency band and a mature optical communication device. At present, a conventional photo-generated terahertz wave adopts an external modulation technology, a new coherent optical edge band is generated by an intensity modulator to realize optical frequency doubling, the sideband frequency difference can reach a terahertz magnitude, and a terahertz wave signal is generated by photoelectric conversion. However, the nonlinear response efficiency of a single commercial intensity modulator is limited, the single commercial intensity modulator is generally suitable for generating a first-order optical sideband and realizing optical frequency doubling, and due to the fact that the conversion efficiency of the generated high-order optical sideband is low and the frequency doubling rate is low, the bandwidth requirement of a device can be reduced by half, and the terahertz system is expensive in cost and not beneficial to practicality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the optical fiber type terahertz wave generating device and method based on the modulation instability, which effectively improve the optical frequency doubling multiple in the photo-generated terahertz wave technology, greatly reduce the requirements of system devices and reduce the system cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device based on modulation instability comprises a single-mode laser, a phase modulator, an intensity modulator, an optical amplifier, a tunable filter, a photoelectric detector and an antenna, wherein the single-mode laser, the phase modulator, the intensity modulator and the optical amplifier are sequentially connected, the optical amplifier is connected with the tunable filter through a single-mode optical fiber, the tunable filter, the photoelectric detector and the antenna are sequentially connected, and the intensity modulator is connected with a microwave source.
The single-mode laser is a distributed feedback laser, and the optical amplifier is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
Corresponding to the device, the invention also provides a method for generating the optical fiber type terahertz wave based on the modulation instability, which comprises the following basic steps:
1) a single-mode laser is used for generating a continuous optical signal with the wavelength of 1550nm, and the frequency spectrum of the optical signal is broadened through the phase modulator.
2) Inputting the microwave frequency signal and the continuous optical signal which is widened by the phase modulator into an intensity modulator by adopting a microwave source which can output 10-30GHz frequency in a tunable mode so as to drive the intensity modulator to output two first-order sideband and double-sideband modulated optical signals of a central carrier;
3) and inputting the optical signal output by the intensity modulator to the optical fiber amplifier, and amplifying the power to 0.45W.
2) The optical signal amplified by the output of the optical fiber amplifier is input into a single-mode optical fiber with the length of 5 kilometers for transmission, new second-to-fifth-order sidebands are generated, and the frequency interval between the generated new sidebands is equal to the driven microwave frequency.
3) The output signal of the single mode fiber enters a tunable filter for filtering, and two fifth-order sidebands are filtered out;
4) and the obtained optical fifth-order sideband is subjected to beat frequency through a photoelectric detector to generate a terahertz wave electric signal, and terahertz waves are emitted by an antenna.
Aiming at the problems that a single commercial intensity modulator has low efficiency of generating high-order optical sidebands and is difficult to realize the generation of terahertz waves by high-light frequency multiplication, double-sideband signals output by the intensity modulator are amplified by an optical power amplifier and then are connected into a single-mode optical fiber with the length of 5km, and a fifth-order optical sideband with the signal-to-noise ratio of up to 30dB is generated by utilizing the modulation instability effect in the optical fiber. And then obtaining terahertz waves with high signal-to-noise ratio through the beat frequency of the photoelectric detector and the emission of the antenna. The scheme has a simple and compact structure, can generate tunable terahertz waves by adjusting the frequency of the microwave driving signal of the intensity modulator, greatly reduces the bandwidth requirement of devices, and saves the cost of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber type terahertz wave generating device based on modulation instability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein:
1: a distributed feedback laser (DFB-LD); 2: a phase modulator; 3: an intensity modulator; 4: a microwave source; 5: erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs); 6: single Mode Fiber (SMF); 7: a tunable filter; 8: a Photodetector (PD); 9: an antenna; 10: terahertz waves.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a distributed feedback laser 1, a phase modulator 2, an intensity modulator 3, a microwave source 4, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5, a single-mode fiber 6, a tunable filter 7, a photodetector 8, and an antenna 9, where the feedback laser 1 outputs a continuous optical signal to the phase modulator 2, the phase modulator expands a continuous optical line width thereof, and then the continuous optical line width is used as an input signal of the intensity modulator 3 together with a microwave driving signal output by the microwave source 4, the intensity modulator 3 outputs an optical double-sideband signal including a central carrier and two first-order sidebands, and then the optical double-sideband signal is amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5 and then input to the single-mode fiber (SMF), the single-mode fiber generates new second, third, fourth, and fifth-order optical signals after transmission, and then the tunable optical filter 7 outputs an input signal including only the fifth-order optical signal as the photodetector 8, and the output signal of the photoelectric detector 8 is finally connected to an antenna 9 to output terahertz waves 10.
The specific description of each module is as follows:
a distributed feedback laser 1 for generating an optical carrier signal of a specified narrow line width;
a phase modulator 2 that widens an optical signal with a narrow line width to suppress a brillouin scattering effect in an optical fiber;
the intensity modulator 3 is used for carrying out double-sideband modulation on the specified optical carrier signal to generate two first-order sideband signals which are used as modulation unstable modulation signals in the optical fiber at the next stage;
the microwave source 4: the microwave source is used for generating a microwave source signal with tunable 10-30GHz frequency;
the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5 is used for carrying out power amplification on the optical double-sideband signal;
the single-mode optical fiber 6 is used for generating modulation instability on a first-order sideband signal so as to generate a high-order optical sideband;
the tunable filter 7 is used for retaining two optical fifth-order sideband signals generated by modulation instability and filtering other sideband and center carrier optical signals;
the photoelectric detector 8 is used for beating the two fifth-order optical signals to generate a terahertz electric signal;
and the antenna 9 is used for transmitting the terahertz electric signal in an electromagnetic wave form.
Terahertz waves 10, generated terahertz waves.
A single-mode laser 1 is used for generating a continuous optical signal, and the line width of the optical signal is widened through a phase modulator 2. A microwave source 4 with the frequency of 10-30GHz can be output in a tunable mode is input into an intensity modulator together with a continuous optical signal which is widened by a phase modulator, so that the intensity modulator is driven to generate a double-sideband modulated optical signal containing two first-order sidebands and a central carrier; the optical signal output by the intensity modulator is input to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)5, and the power is amplified to 0.45W. The output optical signals of the EDFA are amplified and then input into a single mode fiber 6, a new series of high-order optical sidebands are generated through 5 kilometers of fiber transmission, and the frequency interval between the generated new sidebands is equal to the driven microwave frequency. The output signal of the single mode fiber enters a tunable filter 7 for filtering, and only two optical fifth-order sidebands are obtained; the obtained light fifth-order sideband is subjected to beat frequency through a photoelectric detector 8 to generate a high-frequency terahertz wave electric signal, and terahertz waves 10 are emitted by an antenna 9.
The working principle and the process of the invention are as follows: generating a continuous optical signal E from a single mode laser0＝Ecos(ωct) with the wavelength of 1550nm, as an optical carrier, the linewidth of the optical carrier is widened by the phase modulator, so that the Brillouin scattering effect in the optical fiber can be effectively inhibited, and then the microwave signal E is transmittedRF(t)＝VFRcos(ωRFt) driving the intensity modulator and modulating it on the optical carrier to generate an optical double sideband modulated signal, i.e. one optical carrier and two first order sideband optical signals, the expression can be:
(1)
wherein ω iscFor the optical carrier frequency, E denotes the amplitude of the optical carrier, ωRFRepresenting the frequency of the microwave signal, 10GHz ≦ ωRF≤30GHz，
Indicating the modulation depth.
The double side band signal is amplified to P through the power of the optical amplifier0After the power is equal to 0.45W, the fiber is input into a single-mode fiber for transmission, the loss of the fiber is ignored, and the propagation of the fiber meets the nonlinear Schrodinger equation:
(2)
where A (z, T) represents the amplitude of the light field envelope, β2Representing the group velocity dispersion parameter and gamma representing the fiber nonlinear coefficient.
We will say the frequency is ω0The two frequencies are respectively omegac-ωRF，ωc+ωRFWhen the optical power is larger than the power threshold value which generates modulation instability, a new n-order optical sideband, omega, can be generated according to the phase matching and energy conservation lawc-nωRFAnd ωc+nωRFAnd n is more than or equal to 2. The Akhmedeev Breaother (AB) solution is an accurate analytical solution of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, and after Fourier transformation is carried out on the AB solution, the AB solution can be used for representing the change of an optical n-order sideband along with the transmission distance of an optical fiber:
(3)
wherein,
b＝[8a(1-2a)1/2]，p＝2(ωRF/ωc)1/2，LNL＝(γP0)-1，ξ＝z/LNLand expressing normalized transmission distance, and respectively representing hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine for sinh and cosh.
The parameter of the single mode fiber we used is beta2＝-21ps2km-1，γ＝1W-1km-1And z is 5km, and the signal-to-noise ratio of a fifth-order sideband generated by modulation instability is calculated to be more than 30dB, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is very high. Two fifth-order sidebands are filtered out through a tunable optical filter, and a terahertz wave signal which is ten times that of a microwave driving signal is generated through beat frequency of a high-speed photoelectric detector:
Eout＝μ·A5(ξ)·cos(10ωRFt)
(4)
where μ represents the response coefficient of the photodetector.
Modulation instability in optical fibers is a result of the combined effects of fiber dispersion and nonlinearity in the splitting of a continuous or quasi-continuous laser into a train of ultrashort pulse bursts. In the anomalous dispersion region, if the optical power is in a sufficiently large state, the nonlinear effect is sufficient, and for continuous laser light, the frequency is split, and a series of frequency peaks are observed in the frequency spectrum. However, the passive modulation is unstable and uncontrollable, so the splitting has randomness and is difficult to control. If a stronger modulation is introduced before the condition of modulation instability is satisfied, the modulation instability will occur at the existing modulation frequency. Thereby actively regulating and controlling modulation instability and generating a series of frequency peaks with stable frequency intervals. The phases of the frequency peaks are locked, the low-frequency microwave signal drives the intensity modulator to generate two first-order sidebands, power is amplified through the optical amplifier and then transmitted through a single-mode optical fiber with a certain length, due to the modulation instability effect in the optical fiber, the first-order sidebands can split a plurality of high-order sidebands, the signal to noise ratio of 30dB can be achieved when the first-order sidebands reach a fifth-order sideband, the frequency peaks of the fifth-order sidebands are filtered through the adjustable optical filter, and electromagnetic waves which are ten times of the microwave signals can be obtained by utilizing the beat frequency of the photoelectric detector and the antenna emission. Therefore, the method is adopted to generate the 0.1-0.3THz terahertz waves, only 10-30G microwave signals are needed, and the bandwidth of the modulator is only 30G, so that the method is convenient and practical.
Claims (8)
1. An optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device based on modulation instability comprises a single-mode laser, a phase modulator, a microwave source, an intensity modulator, an optical amplifier, a tunable filter, a photoelectric detector and an antenna.
2. The modulation instability based fiber-optic terahertz wave generating device according to claim 1, wherein the single-mode laser is a distributed feedback laser and the optical amplifier is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
3. An optical fiber type terahertz wave generation method based on modulation instability is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) generating a continuous optical signal by using a single-mode laser, inputting the continuous optical signal into a phase modulator, and widening the line width of the continuous optical signal;
2) inputting the optical signal output by the phase modulator and the microwave signal generated by the microwave source into the intensity modulator to generate a double-sideband modulator signal of two first-order sideband signals;
3) inputting the signals of the double-sideband modulator into an optical amplifier, amplifying and transmitting the signals through a single-mode optical fiber to generate two fifth-order sideband signals;
4) filtering the fifth-order sideband signal by using a tunable optical filter, and selecting two fifth-order sidebands of which the frequency difference is ten times that of the microwave signal;
5) and the two fifth-order sidebands are subjected to beat frequency through a photoelectric detector to generate a terahertz wave electric signal, and then terahertz waves are transmitted by an antenna.
4. The modulation instability based optical fiber type terahertz wave generation method according to claim 3, wherein in step 1), the optical signal E is0The expression of (a) is: e0＝Ecos(ωct) its wavelength is 1550 nm; wherein ω iscFor the optical carrier frequency, E represents the amplitude of the optical carrier.
5. The modulation instability based optical fiber type terahertz wave generation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the double side band modulator signal EDSBIs expressed as <math>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>DSB</mi>
</msub>
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<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>E</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>{</mo>
<msub>
<mi>J</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
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<mo>(</mo>
<mi>χ</mi>
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</math> Wherein: omegaRFRepresenting the frequency of the microwave signal, 10GHz ≦ ωRF≤30GHz，Representing modulation depth, J0Representing zero-order Bessel functions of the first kind, J1Representing a first order Bessel function of the first kind, VRFVoltage amplitude, V, representing microwave drive signalπRepresenting modulatorsHalf wave voltage.
6. The modulation instability based optical fiber type terahertz wave generating method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3), the optical amplifier amplifies the output signal of the intensity modulator to 0.45W.
7. The modulation instability based optical fiber type terahertz wave generation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3), the signal-to-noise ratio of the fifth-order sideband signal is > 30 dB.
8. The modulation instability based optical fiber type terahertz wave generating method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 5), the terahertz wave electric signal E isoutThe expression of (a) is: eout＝μ·A5(ξ)·cos(10ωRFt); wherein: a. then(xi) denotes the variation of the optical nth order sidebands with the transmission distance of the optical fiber, xi denotes the normalized transmission distance, and μ denotes the response coefficient of the photodetector.
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| CN111342332B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-07-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Active mode-locking photoelectric oscillator |
| CN114368251A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Terahertz wireless energy carrying system |
| CN117856759A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-09 | 山东大学 | Method and apparatus for achieving frequency tuning and spectral broadening of cantilever microresonators |
| CN117856759B (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-05-24 | 山东大学 | Method and apparatus for achieving frequency tuning and spectral broadening of cantilever microresonators |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |