CN102544985A - Optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability - Google Patents

Optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability Download PDF

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CN102544985A
CN102544985A CN2011104567277A CN201110456727A CN102544985A CN 102544985 A CN102544985 A CN 102544985A CN 2011104567277 A CN2011104567277 A CN 2011104567277A CN 201110456727 A CN201110456727 A CN 201110456727A CN 102544985 A CN102544985 A CN 102544985A
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fiber
terahertz wave
modulator
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郑之伟
文双春
李瑛�
陆顺斌
范滇元
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Hunan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability. The terahertz wave generation device based on modulation instability in optical fiber comprises a monomode laser, a phase modulation, a microwave source, an intensity modulator, an optical amplifier, a tunable filter, a photoelectric detector and an antenna. The optical fiber type terahertz wave generation device disclosed by the invention has simple and compact structure, can realize generation of tunable terahertz waves by adjusting the frequency of a microwave drive signal and has the advantages of greatly reducing the bandwidth requirements of the device and saving the cost of a system.

Description

基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生装置及方法Fiber-type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及微波光子学领域中光生太赫兹波技术,具体是一种基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生装置及方法。The invention relates to optically generated terahertz wave technology in the field of microwave photonics, in particular to a fiber-type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability.

背景技术 Background technique

目前处于微波频段与光波频段之中的太赫兹频段,受到众多科研机构和公司的关注。而在0.1-0.3THz频段的太赫兹波由于在大气传输损耗相对较小和产生功率相对较高,在高速无线通信、军用雷达、成像等应用领域有巨大的发展潜力,是一个非常热门的新兴研究领域。由于在此频段更靠近微波频段,目前较常采用电子学技术产生太赫兹波,比如电子激光器,电子固态源等。但由于电子瓶颈的限制,随着输出频段的提高,电子学系统的复杂度和成本增加显著,阻碍着太赫兹技术的进一步发展和应用。At present, the terahertz frequency band, which is in the microwave frequency band and the light wave frequency band, has attracted the attention of many scientific research institutions and companies. The terahertz wave in the 0.1-0.3THz frequency band has great development potential in high-speed wireless communication, military radar, imaging and other application fields due to its relatively small transmission loss in the atmosphere and relatively high power generation. It is a very popular emerging field. field of study. Since this frequency band is closer to the microwave frequency band, electronic technology is often used to generate terahertz waves, such as electronic lasers, electronic solid-state sources, etc. However, due to the limitation of the electronic bottleneck, the complexity and cost of the electronic system increase significantly with the increase of the output frequency band, which hinders the further development and application of terahertz technology.

微波光子学是微波与光子学相结合的研究领域。其中基于光子学产生太赫兹波是其中一个重要的研究方向,通过结合光频段的高带宽和成熟的光通信器件的优势,能够显著改善太赫兹系统受电子器件带宽和系统成本限制的局面。目前光生太赫兹波较为常用的是采用外部调制的技术,利用强度调制器产生新的相干的光边带来实现光倍频,其边带频差可以达到太赫兹量级,再通过光电转换产生太赫兹波信号,通过这种方式产生的太赫兹波信噪比较高,性能稳定。但单个商用的强度调制器的非线性响应效率有限,一般较适合产生一阶光边带,实现光二倍频,由于产生高阶光边带转换效率较低,倍频数低,只能减少一半的器件带宽需求,此种方法太赫兹系统成本较为昂贵,不利于实用。Microwave photonics is a research field combining microwave and photonics. Among them, the generation of terahertz waves based on photonics is one of the important research directions. By combining the high bandwidth of the optical frequency band and the advantages of mature optical communication devices, it can significantly improve the situation that the terahertz system is limited by the bandwidth of electronic devices and system cost. At present, the more commonly used optically generated terahertz wave is the use of external modulation technology, using the intensity modulator to generate new coherent optical side bands to achieve optical frequency doubling, and the side band frequency difference can reach the order of terahertz, and then through photoelectric conversion. Terahertz wave signal, the terahertz wave generated in this way has a high signal-to-noise ratio and stable performance. However, the nonlinear response efficiency of a single commercial intensity modulator is limited, and it is generally more suitable for generating first-order optical sidebands to achieve optical frequency doubling. Due to the low conversion efficiency and low frequency multiplication of high-order optical sidebands, the device bandwidth can only be reduced by half. This method is relatively expensive for terahertz systems, which is not conducive to practicality.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是,针对现有技术不足,提供一种基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生装置及方法,有效地提高光生太赫兹波技术中的光倍频倍数,大大降低系统器件的要求,减少系统成本。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fiber-type terahertz wave generation device and method based on modulation instability, which can effectively improve the optical frequency multiplication factor in the optically generated terahertz wave technology, and greatly Reduce system component requirements and reduce system cost.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是:基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生装置,包括单模激光器、相位调制器、强度调制器、光放大器、可调谐滤波器、光电探测器和天线,单模激光器、相位调制器、强度调制器、光放大器依次连接,光放大器通过单模光纤与可调谐滤波器连接,可调谐滤波器、光电探测器、天线依次连接,强度调制器与微波源连接。In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a fiber-type terahertz wave generating device based on modulation instability, including a single-mode laser, a phase modulator, an intensity modulator, an optical amplifier, a tunable filter, Photodetectors and antennas, single-mode lasers, phase modulators, intensity modulators, and optical amplifiers are connected in sequence, optical amplifiers are connected to tunable filters through single-mode fibers, tunable filters, photodetectors, and antennas are connected in sequence, and the intensity The modulator is connected to a microwave source.

所述单模激光器为分布反馈式激光器,光放大器为掺铒光纤放大器。The single-mode laser is a distributed feedback laser, and the optical amplifier is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier.

与上述装置相应的,本发明还提出了基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生方法,其包括如下基本步骤:Corresponding to the above-mentioned device, the present invention also proposes a fiber-type terahertz wave generation method based on modulation instability, which includes the following basic steps:

1)利用单模激光器产生一个波长为1550nm的连续光信号,经所述的相位调制器对光信号频谱进行展宽。1) A single-mode laser is used to generate a continuous optical signal with a wavelength of 1550nm, and the spectrum of the optical signal is broadened by the phase modulator.

2)采用一个可调谐输出10-30GHz频率的微波源,将该微波频率信号与经所述相位调制器展宽后的连续的光信号一并输入强度调制器,以驱动该强度调制器输出两个一阶边带和中心载波的双边带调制的光信号;2) Adopting a microwave source capable of outputting 10-30 GHz frequency, and inputting the microwave frequency signal and the continuous optical signal broadened by the phase modulator into the intensity modulator to drive the intensity modulator to output two Optical signals modulated by double-sidebands of first-order sidebands and center carriers;

3)将所述强度调制器输出的光信号输入至所述光纤放大器,功率放大至0.45W。3) The optical signal output by the intensity modulator is input to the optical fiber amplifier, and the power is amplified to 0.45W.

2)所述的光纤放大器的输出放大后的光信号,输入至5公里长的单模光纤进行传输,产生新的二到五阶边带,所述产生的新边带之间的频率间隔等于驱动的微波频率。2) The output amplified optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier is input to a 5-kilometer single-mode optical fiber for transmission to generate new second to fifth order sidebands, and the frequency interval between the new sidebands produced is equal to Driven microwave frequency.

3)单模光纤的输出信号进入可调谐滤波器进行滤波,滤出两个五阶边带;3) The output signal of the single-mode fiber enters the tunable filter for filtering, and filters out two fifth-order sidebands;

4)将得到的光五阶边带通过一个光电探测器进行拍频,产生太赫兹波电信号,由天线发射出太赫兹波。4) beat the obtained optical fifth-order sideband through a photodetector to generate a terahertz wave electrical signal, and emit a terahertz wave from the antenna.

本发明针对单个商用强度调制器产生高阶光边带的效率较低,难以实现高光倍频产生太赫兹波的问题,将强度调制器输出的双边带信号经光功率放大器放大后,接入5km长的单模光纤,利用光纤中的调制不稳定性效应产生信噪比高达30dB的五阶光边带。再通过光电探测器拍频和天线发射得到高信噪比的太赫兹波。该方案结构简单紧凑,通过调节强度调制器的微波驱动信号的频率能够产生可调谐的太赫兹波,且大大降低了器件的带宽要求,节约了系统的成本。The invention aims at the low efficiency of high-order optical sidebands generated by a single commercial intensity modulator, and it is difficult to realize high-frequency multiplication to generate terahertz waves. After the double-sided band signal output by the intensity modulator is amplified by an optical power amplifier, it is connected to a 5km long Single-mode optical fiber, which uses the modulation instability effect in the optical fiber to generate fifth-order optical sidebands with a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 30dB. Then, the terahertz wave with high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained through the beat frequency of the photodetector and the antenna emission. The structure of the scheme is simple and compact, and tunable terahertz waves can be generated by adjusting the frequency of the microwave driving signal of the intensity modulator, which greatly reduces the bandwidth requirement of the device and saves the cost of the system.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明一实施例基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生装置结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber-optic terahertz wave generating device based on modulation instability according to an embodiment of the present invention;

其中:in:

1:分布反馈式激光器(DFB-LD);2:相位调制器;3:强度调制器;4:微波源;5:掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA);6:单模光纤(SMF);7:可调谐滤波器;8:光电探测器(PD);9:天线;10:太赫兹波。1: Distributed feedback laser (DFB-LD); 2: Phase modulator; 3: Intensity modulator; 4: Microwave source; 5: Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA); 6: Single-mode fiber (SMF); 7: Tunable filter; 8: photodetector (PD); 9: antenna; 10: terahertz wave.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

如图1所示,本发明一实施例装置包括分布反馈式激光器1、相位调制器2、强度调制器3、微波源4、掺铒光纤放大器5、单模光纤6、可调谐滤波器7、光电探测器8和天线9,所述反馈式激光器1输出连续光信号输入到相位调制器2,所述相位调制器对其连续光线宽进行展宽后,其与微波源4输出的微波驱动信号一并作为强度调制器3的输入信号,所述强度调制器3输出含有中心载波和两个一阶边带的光双边带信号,再经掺铒光纤放大器5放大后,输入到单模光纤(SMF),上述单模光纤传输后产生新的二阶、三阶、四阶、五阶光信号,再经可调谐光滤波器7,输出只含有五阶光信号作为光电探测器8的输入信号,所述光电探测器8的输出信号最后接入天线9,输出太赫兹波10。As shown in Figure 1, the device of an embodiment of the present invention includes a distributed feedback laser 1, a phase modulator 2, an intensity modulator 3, a microwave source 4, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5, a single-mode fiber 6, a tunable filter 7, A photodetector 8 and an antenna 9, the feedback laser 1 outputs a continuous optical signal and inputs it to the phase modulator 2, and after the phase modulator widens its continuous light width, it is consistent with the microwave drive signal output by the microwave source 4 And as the input signal of intensity modulator 3, described intensity modulator 3 outputs the optical double sideband signal that contains center carrier and two first-order sidebands, after being amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5 again, input to single-mode optical fiber (SMF ), the above-mentioned single-mode fiber transmission produces new second-order, third-order, fourth-order, and fifth-order optical signals, and then through the tunable optical filter 7, the output only contains fifth-order optical signals as the input signal of the photodetector 8, The output signal of the photodetector 8 is finally connected to the antenna 9 to output a terahertz wave 10 .

上述各个模块的具体说明如下所述:The specific description of each of the above modules is as follows:

分布反馈式激光器1,用于产生指定窄线宽的光载波信号;A distributed feedback laser 1, used to generate an optical carrier signal with a specified narrow linewidth;

相位调制器2,对窄线宽的光信号进行展宽,以抑制光纤中的布里渊散射效应;The phase modulator 2 is used to broaden the optical signal with a narrow linewidth, so as to suppress the Brillouin scattering effect in the optical fiber;

强度调制器3,用于对指定光载波信号进行双边带调制,产生两个一阶边带信号,以作为下阶段光纤中调制不稳定的调制信号;The intensity modulator 3 is used to perform double-sideband modulation on the specified optical carrier signal to generate two first-order sideband signals, which are used as modulated signals with unstable modulation in the optical fiber in the next stage;

微波源4:用于产生可调谐10~30GHz频率的微波源信号;Microwave source 4: used to generate a microwave source signal with a frequency of tunable from 10 to 30 GHz;

掺铒光纤放大器5,对光双边带信号的进行功率放大;The erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5 is used to amplify the power of the optical double sideband signal;

单模光纤6,用于对一阶边带信号产生调制不稳定性,以产生高阶光边带;A single-mode optical fiber 6 is used to generate modulation instability to a first-order sideband signal to generate a higher-order optical sideband;

可调谐滤波器7,用于保留调制不稳定性产生的两个光五阶边带信号,滤除其它边带和中心载波光信号;The tunable filter 7 is used to retain the two optical fifth-order sideband signals generated by modulation instability, and filter out other sidebands and the center carrier optical signal;

光电探测器8,用于对两个五阶光信号的进行拍频产生太赫兹电信号;The photodetector 8 is used to generate a terahertz electrical signal by beating two fifth-order optical signals;

天线9,将太赫兹电信号以电磁波形式发射出去。The antenna 9 transmits the terahertz electrical signal in the form of electromagnetic waves.

太赫兹波10,产生的太赫兹波。Terahertz waves 10, generated terahertz waves.

利用单模激光器1产生一个连续的光信号,经过一个相位调制器2对光信号线宽进行展宽。采用一个可调谐输出10-30GHz频率的微波源4,与经相位调制器展宽后的连续的光信号一并输入到一个强度调制器,以驱动该强度调制器产生含有两个一阶边带和中心载波的双边带调制的光信号;将所述强度调制器输出的光信号输入至所述掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)5,功率放大至0.45W。所述的EDFA的输出光信号经过放大后,输入至单模光纤6,经过5公里的光纤传输,产生新的一系列高阶光边带,所述产生的新边带之间的频率间隔等于驱动的微波频率。单模光纤的输出信号进入可调谐滤波器7进行滤波,只得到两个光五阶边带;将得到的光五阶边带通过一个光电探测器8进行拍频,产生高频率的太赫兹波电信号,由天线9发射出太赫兹波10。A single-mode laser 1 is used to generate a continuous optical signal, and a phase modulator 2 is used to widen the line width of the optical signal. A microwave source 4 with a tunable output frequency of 10-30 GHz is adopted, and the continuous optical signal broadened by the phase modulator is input to an intensity modulator to drive the intensity modulator to generate two first-order sidebands and The optical signal modulated by the double sideband of the center carrier; the optical signal output by the intensity modulator is input to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) 5, and the power is amplified to 0.45W. After the output optical signal of the EDFA is amplified, it is input to the single-mode optical fiber 6, and after 5 kilometers of optical fiber transmission, a series of new high-order optical sidebands are generated, and the frequency interval between the new sidebands generated is equal to the driven microwave frequency. The output signal of the single-mode fiber enters the tunable filter 7 for filtering, and only two optical fifth-order sidebands are obtained; the obtained optical fifth-order sidebands are beaten by a photodetector 8 to generate high-frequency terahertz waves An electrical signal, a terahertz wave 10 is emitted from the antenna 9 .

本发明的工作原理及过程是:由单模激光器产生一个连续光信号E0=Ecos(ωct),波长为1550nm,作为光载波,先经相位调制器将其线宽进行展宽,可以有效抑制光纤中布里渊散射效应,再将微波信号ERF(t)=VFRcos(ωRFt)驱动强度调制器,并调制在光载波上就可以产生光双边带调制信号,即一个光载波和两个一阶边带光信号,表达式可为:The working principle and process of the present invention are: a continuous optical signal E 0 =Ecos(ω c t) is generated by a single-mode laser, and the wavelength is 1550nm. As an optical carrier, the phase modulator first broadens its line width, which can effectively Suppress the Brillouin scattering effect in the optical fiber, and then drive the intensity modulator with the microwave signal E RF (t) = V FR cos(ω RF t), and modulate it on the optical carrier to generate an optical double-sideband modulation signal, that is, an optical Carrier and two first-order sideband optical signals, the expression can be:

EE. DSBDSB (( tt )) == EE. 22 {{ JJ 00 (( χχ )) coscos (( ωω cc tt )) -- JJ 11 (( χχ )) [[ sinsin (( (( ωω cc -- ωω RFRF )) tt )) ++ sinsin (( (( ωω cc ++ ωω RFRF )) tt )) ]] }}

(1)(1)

其中ωc为光载波频率,E表示光载波的振幅,ωRF表示微波信号的频率,10GHz≤ωRF≤30GHz,

Figure BDA0000127728070000062
表示调制深度。Where ω c is the frequency of the optical carrier, E represents the amplitude of the optical carrier, ω RF represents the frequency of the microwave signal, 10GHz≤ωRF≤30GHz ,
Figure BDA0000127728070000062
Indicates the modulation depth.

双边带信号经光放大器功率放大至P0=0.45W后,输入至单模光纤进行传输,忽略光纤的损耗,其在光纤中的传播满足非线性薛定谔方程为:After the double sideband signal is amplified by the optical amplifier to P 0 =0.45W, it is input to the single-mode fiber for transmission. Ignoring the loss of the fiber, its propagation in the fiber satisfies the nonlinear Schrödinger equation:

ii ∂∂ AA ∂∂ zz ++ ββ 22 22 ∂∂ 22 AA ∂∂ TT 22 ++ γγ || AA || 22 AA == 00

(2)(2)

其中A(z,T)表示光场包络的振幅,β2表示群速度色散参数,γ表示光纤非线性系数。Among them, A(z, T) represents the amplitude of the light field envelope, β2 represents the group velocity dispersion parameter, and γ represents the fiber nonlinear coefficient.

我们将频率为ω0的光载波信号作为泵浦光,两个频率分别为ωcRF,ωcRF的一阶边带作为探测光,此时处于光纤的反常色散区域,当光功率大于产生调制不稳定性的功率阈值时,根据相位匹配和能量守恒定律,会产生新的n阶光边带,ωc-nωRF和ωc+nωRF,n≥2。Akhmediev Breather(AB)解是非线性薛定谔方程的精确解析解,对AB解进行傅里叶变换后,可用来表示光n阶边带随光纤传输距离的变化:We use the optical carrier signal with frequency ω 0 as the pump light, and the first-order sidebands of the two frequencies ω cRF and ω cRF as the probe light, which are in the anomalous dispersion region of the fiber at this time. When When the optical power is greater than the power threshold for modulation instability, new n-order optical sidebands, ω c -nω RF and ω c +nω RF , n≥2, will be generated according to the law of phase matching and energy conservation. The Akhmediev Breather (AB) solution is the exact analytical solution of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. After performing Fourier transform on the AB solution, it can be used to represent the change of the optical n-order sideband with the optical fiber transmission distance:

AA nno (( ξξ )) == ibib sinhsinh bξbξ ++ pp 22 coshcosh bξbξ coshcosh 22 bξbξ -- 22 aa ×× [[ coshcosh bξbξ -- coshcosh 22 bξbξ -- 22 aa 22 aa ]] nno

(3)(3)

其中,

Figure BDA0000127728070000072
b=[8a(1-2a)1/2],p=2(ωRFc)1/2,LNL=(γP0)-1,ξ=z/LNL表示归一化的传输距离,sinh、cosh分别为双曲正弦和双曲余弦。in,
Figure BDA0000127728070000072
b=[8a(1-2a) 1/2 ], p=2(ω RFc ) 1/2 , L NL =(γP 0 ) -1 , ξ=z/L NL represents the normalized transmission Distance, sinh, cosh are hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine respectively.

我们采用的单模光纤参数为β2=-21ps2km-1,γ=1W-1km-1,z=5km,经计算可得,调制不稳定性产生的五阶边带信噪比大于30dB,具有很高的信噪比。经可调光滤波器滤出两个五阶边带,经高速光电探测器拍频产生十倍于微波驱动信号的太赫兹波信号:The parameters of the single-mode fiber we use are β 2 =-21ps 2 km -1 , γ = 1W -1 km -1 , z = 5km. It can be obtained by calculation that the fifth-order sideband signal-to-noise ratio caused by modulation instability is greater than 30dB, with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The two fifth-order sidebands are filtered out by the tunable optical filter, and the terahertz wave signal ten times that of the microwave driving signal is generated by the beat frequency of the high-speed photodetector:

Eout=μ·A5(ξ)·cos(10ωRFt)E out =μ·A 5 (ξ)·cos(10ω RF t)

(4)(4)

其中μ表示光电探测器的响应系数。where μ represents the response coefficient of the photodetector.

光纤中的调制不稳定性是光纤色散和非线性效应共同作用的结果,表现在将连续或准连续的激光分裂为一列超短脉冲串。在反常色散区,若光功率在足够大的状态,非线性效果足够,对于连续的激光,频率会发生分裂,在频谱观察发现会有一系列的频率峰。但由于被动的调制不稳定不可控,因而分裂会有随机性,不易控制。如在满足调制不稳定的条件之前,引入一个较强的调制,则会使调制不稳定发生在已有的调制频率处。从而主动调控调制不稳定性,产生一系列有稳定频率间隔的频率峰。这些频率峰的相位是锁定的,我们通过低频微波信号驱动强度调制器产生两个一阶边带,经过光放大器将功率放大后,经过一定长度的单模光纤传输,由于光纤中的调制不稳定性效应,一阶边带会分裂多个高阶边带,到五阶边带时还能达到30dB的信噪比,通过可调光滤波器滤出五阶边带的频率峰,利用光电探测器拍频和天线发射,就可以得到十倍于微波信号的电磁波。因而采用这种方法产生0.1-0.3THz太赫兹波,只需要10-30G微波信号,调制器带宽只要30G,方便实用。The modulation instability in the optical fiber is the result of the joint action of fiber dispersion and nonlinear effects, which is manifested in the splitting of continuous or quasi-continuous laser light into a series of ultrashort pulse trains. In the abnormal dispersion region, if the optical power is in a sufficiently large state, the nonlinear effect is sufficient. For continuous laser, the frequency will be split, and a series of frequency peaks will be found in the spectrum observation. However, due to the unstable and uncontrollable passive modulation, splitting will be random and difficult to control. If a stronger modulation is introduced before the condition of modulation instability is satisfied, the modulation instability will occur at the existing modulation frequency. In this way, the modulation instability is actively controlled, and a series of frequency peaks with stable frequency intervals are generated. The phases of these frequency peaks are locked. We drive the intensity modulator through a low-frequency microwave signal to generate two first-order sidebands. After the power is amplified by the optical amplifier, it is transmitted through a certain length of single-mode fiber. Due to the unstable modulation in the fiber Sexual effect, the first-order sideband will split multiple high-order sidebands, and the signal-to-noise ratio can reach 30dB when the fifth-order sideband is reached, and the frequency peak of the fifth-order sideband is filtered out through an adjustable optical filter With the beat frequency of the device and the antenna emission, the electromagnetic wave ten times that of the microwave signal can be obtained. Therefore, using this method to generate 0.1-0.3THz terahertz waves only requires 10-30G microwave signals, and the modulator bandwidth is only 30G, which is convenient and practical.

Claims (8)

1.一种基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生装置,包括单模激光器、相位调制器、微波源、强度调制器、光放大器、可调谐滤波器、光电探测器和天线,其特征在于,单模激光器、相位调制器、强度调制器、光放大器依次连接,光放大器通过单模光纤与可调谐滤波器连接,可调谐滤波器、光电探测器、天线依次连接,强度调制器与微波源连接。1. A fiber-type terahertz wave generating device based on modulation instability, comprising a single-mode laser, a phase modulator, a microwave source, an intensity modulator, an optical amplifier, a tunable filter, a photodetector and an antenna, its characteristics The single-mode laser, the phase modulator, the intensity modulator, and the optical amplifier are connected in sequence, the optical amplifier is connected to the tunable filter through a single-mode fiber, the tunable filter, the photodetector, and the antenna are connected in sequence, and the intensity modulator is connected to the microwave source connection. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生装置,其特征在于,所述单模激光器为分布反馈式激光器,光放大器为掺铒光纤放大器。2. The fiber-type terahertz wave generating device based on modulation instability according to claim 1, wherein the single-mode laser is a distributed feedback laser, and the optical amplifier is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. 3.一种基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生方法,其特征在于,该方法的步骤为:3. A fiber type terahertz wave generation method based on modulation instability, characterized in that the steps of the method are: 1)利用单模激光器产生一个连续的光信号,输入到相位调制器,对连续光信号的线宽进行展宽;1) A continuous optical signal is generated by a single-mode laser and input to a phase modulator to broaden the line width of the continuous optical signal; 2)将相位调制器输出的光信号与微波源产生的微波信号一并输入到强度调制器,产生两个一阶边带信号的双边带调制器信号;2) Inputting the optical signal output by the phase modulator and the microwave signal generated by the microwave source to the intensity modulator to generate a double sideband modulator signal of two first-order sideband signals; 3)将双边带调制器信号输入光放大器并放大通过单模光纤传输,产生两个五阶边带信号;3) inputting the double sideband modulator signal into the optical amplifier and amplifying it for transmission through a single-mode optical fiber to generate two fifth-order sideband signals; 4)用可调光谐滤波器对五阶边带信号滤波,选取两个频率差为十倍于微波信号的五阶边带;4) filter the fifth-order sideband signal with an adjustable optical harmonic filter, and select two fifth-order sidebands whose frequency difference is ten times that of the microwave signal; 5)将两个五阶边带通过光电探测器进行拍频,产生太赫兹波电信号,再由天线发射出太赫兹波。5) The two fifth-order sidebands are beaten by the photodetector to generate a terahertz wave electrical signal, and then the terahertz wave is emitted by the antenna. 4.根据权利要求3所述的基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1)中,光信号E0的表达式为:E0=Ecos(ωct)其波长为1550nm;其中ωc为光载波频率,E表示光载波的振幅。4. The fiber-type terahertz wave generation method based on modulation instability according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the step 1), the expression of the optical signal E 0 is: E 0 =Ecos(ω c t) Its wavelength is 1550nm; where ω c is the frequency of the optical carrier, and E represents the amplitude of the optical carrier. 5.根据权利要求3所述的基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2)中,双边带调制器信号EDSB的表达式为 E DSB ( t ) = E 2 { J 0 ( χ ) cos ( ω c t ) - J 1 ( χ ) [ sin ( ( ω c - ω RF ) t ) + sin ( ( ω c + ω RF ) t ) ] } ; 其中:ωRF表示微波信号的频率,10GHz≤ωRF≤30GHz,表示调制深度,J0表示第一类零阶贝塞尔函数、J1表示第一类一阶贝塞尔函数、VRF表示微波驱动信号的电压幅值、Vπ表示调制器的半波电压。5. the optical fiber type terahertz wave generation method based on modulation instability according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step 2) in, the expression of double sideband modulator signal E DSB is E. DSB ( t ) = E. 2 { J 0 ( χ ) cos ( ω c t ) - J 1 ( χ ) [ sin ( ( ω c - ω RF ) t ) + sin ( ( ω c + ω RF ) t ) ] } ; Where: ω RF represents the frequency of the microwave signal, 10GHz≤ω RF ≤30GHz, Indicates the modulation depth, J 0 indicates the zero-order Bessel function of the first kind, J 1 indicates the first-order Bessel function of the first kind, V RF indicates the voltage amplitude of the microwave driving signal, and V π indicates the half-wave voltage of the modulator . 6.根据权利要求3所述的基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)中,光放大器将强度调制器的输出信号放大到0.45W。6. The fiber-type terahertz wave generation method based on modulation instability according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the step 3), the optical amplifier amplifies the output signal of the intensity modulator to 0.45W. 7.根据权利要求3所述的基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)中,五阶边带信号的信噪比>30dB。7 . The method for generating fiber-type terahertz waves based on modulation instability according to claim 3 , characterized in that, in the step 3), the signal-to-noise ratio of the fifth-order sideband signal is >30 dB. 8.根据权利要求3所述的基于调制不稳定性的光纤型太赫兹波产生方法,其特征在于,所述步骤5)中,太赫兹波电信号Eout的表达式为:Eout=μ·A5(ξ)·cos(10ωRFt);其中:An(ξ)表示光n阶边带随光纤传输距离的变化,ξ表示归一化的传输距离,μ表示光电探测器的响应系数。8. The fiber-optic terahertz wave generation method based on modulation instability according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the step 5), the expression of the terahertz wave electrical signal E out is: E out =μ ·A 5 (ξ)·cos(10ω RF t); where: A n (ξ) represents the change of optical n-order sideband with the transmission distance of the fiber, ξ represents the normalized transmission distance, μ represents the response of the photodetector coefficient.
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