CN102543232B - Combined method for controlling water level and pressure of voltage stabilizer for nuclear power plant of pressurized water reactor - Google Patents
Combined method for controlling water level and pressure of voltage stabilizer for nuclear power plant of pressurized water reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102543232B CN102543232B CN201110324585.9A CN201110324585A CN102543232B CN 102543232 B CN102543232 B CN 102543232B CN 201110324585 A CN201110324585 A CN 201110324585A CN 102543232 B CN102543232 B CN 102543232B
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a combined method for controlling a water level and pressure of a voltage stabilizer for a nuclear power plant of a pressurized water reactor. The water level and the pressure are completely decoupled through an intensive study according to coupling conditions of the water level and the pressure of the voltage stabilizer. On this basis, the water level and the pressure of the voltage stabilizer are integrally controlled in a combined manner, so as to achieve better control effects. The method disclosed by the invention has a higher practical application value of the water level and the pressure of the voltage stabilizer with power of 900 MW. With the adoption of the method, the advanced intelligent control can be prompted to researches and applications of a nuclear power unit, so that a control level of the unit is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method, particularly a kind of pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant voltage stabilizer water level and pressure bonding control method.
Background technology
In 21 century, nuclear energy is the main path that solves energy supply deficiency.China is the country of energy relative shortage, and exploitation nuclear power solves the reliable means of China's energy deficiency beyond doubt.Nearly ten years, China's Nuclear Electricity is realized and being grown out of nothing, and enters the fast-developing stage.But the ratio that nuclear power accounts in China's gross generation is at present also considerably less, and total installation of generating capacity compared with developed countries, still has very large gap.Along with the fast development of China's economic construction, energy supply and demand contradiction also can become increasingly conspicuous, and is head it off, and China's Construction of Nuclear Electricity must be obtained significant progress.
Readjust the energy structure, Devoting Major Efforts To Developing water power, optimized development coal electricity, actively pushes forward nuclear power, and generation of electricity by new energy is encouraged in optimum development natural gas power.From " appropriateness " to " actively ", the position of Chinese Nuclear Power in China Power resource is also because the disclosure of this planning has obtained definite implementing.Estimate that, before the year two thousand twenty, China is by newly-built 27 million kilowatt nuclear power units, nuclear power total scale will reach builds up 4,000 ten thousand kilowatts, is building 1,800 ten thousand kilowatts; The proportion of nuclear power in energy source in China total supply rises to 4% by 2% left and right by present.
China has introduced several nuclear power technologies, and the thermal reactor that the presurized water reactor of take is master is main flow heap type.How to guarantee nuclear power generating sets normally operation of safety in-service, give full play to the system heat-economy of nuclear power generating sets, the cost of recouping the investment as early as possible, is our current problem in the urgent need to research.
Voltage stabilizer is a visual plant in presurized water reactor nuclear power unit, in the operational process of pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant, voltage stabilizer control system is as an important link, in guaranteeing the pressure of voltage stabilizer and process that water level changes according to expection rule, plays very important effect.
The effect of voltage stabilizer control system is that the pressure (being the pressure of presurized water reactor coolant system) and the water level that make voltage stabilizer remain on setting value.Variation or the reactor core reactivity disturbance of load, all may cause Main Coolant medial temperature to change, thereby cause that coolant volume changes, and the pressure of voltage stabilizer (i.e. the pressure of cooling medium in a circuit system), water level also can become thereupon.One circuit pressure, water level are too high, or pressure, the too low safe operation that is all unfavorable for reactor of water level.Therefore, keep voltage stabilizer pressure, water level in the limit value of regulation, to presurized water reactor, normal operation has very important significance.
Voltage stabilizer is controlled and is mainly comprised that pressure is controlled and water level is controlled two aspects.
The effect of voltage stabilizer control pressurer system is that to maintain voltage stabilizer pressure be its setting valve, makes unlikelyly under normal transient state to cause emergency shut-down, also can not make pressurizer safety valve action.
Water level control of pressurizer system maintains on the setting valve being determined by load voltage stabilizer water level, to guarantee pressure controlled superperformance, in adjustment process, limit maximal value and the minimum value of charging stream amount simultaneously, to avoid too little through the charging stream amount of heat exchanger, make the lower earial drainage vaporization through lower discharging hole plate; Or charging stream amount is too large, can not meet the envelope water filling pressure head of main pump.
The voltage stabilizer pressure of existing presurized water reactor, water level control system are separate, complete respectively the control system of voltage stabilizer pressure, water level control function.
Voltage stabilizer control pressurer system schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.Its middle controller is used for setting different pressure definite value P
0, driving circuit mainly completes to be implemented to drive to equipment such as spray valve, relief valve, electric heaters.
Switching according to the break-make of the pressure signal system automatic or manual control electric heater of voltage stabilizer, spray valve, relief valve, guarantees that pressure changes in specialized range, when voltage stabilizer pressure surpasses the limit value of regulation, sends alerting signal.
Water level control of pressurizer systematic schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2.Water level control of pressurizer system is controlled the start and stop of small pump and the switching of draining valve by voltage stabilizer water level signal, voltage stabilizer water level is maintained in the limit value of regulation, keeps coolant system to have constant cooling medium loading amount.When voltage stabilizer water level surpasses the limit value of regulation, send alerting signal.
Voltage stabilizer is the controlled device of a large inertia, non-linear, many interference, inner complicated thermal technology and the fluid mechanics process such as spray, heating of existing, be difficult to obtain accurate mathematical model, due to theoretical limitation own, inevitably there is obvious deficiency in the traditional control system that the classical control theory of take is design basis, is difficult to obtain satisfied control effect.
Employing fuzzy control method solves the pressure of pressurizer of pressurized-water reactor and the research of water level control has obtained some achievements.Tsing-Hua University's fuzzy control laboratory has proposed the fuzzy integrated control scheme of voltage stabilizer pressure and water level; But in design at that time, the design parameter of fuzzy controller is rule of thumb selected; Adopted again subsequently genetic algorithm (GA) automatically to generate the design parameter (hereinafter to be referred as GA-FC) of voltage stabilizer Pressure Fuzzy controller; But the real-time of GA algorithm is poor.Some other people is also studied the characteristic of voltage stabilizer and control system.
The intelligent control algorithm that developed recently gets up has demonstrated its powerful vitality, can so that control system imitate the mankind or biological by unceasing study in practice, accumulating experience reaches effective control, can in tradition is controlled, add reasoning from logic and heuristic knowledge study.By merging mutually the composite control method forming between typical intelligent control method, or the composite control method that between typical intelligent control method, advanced control method and conventional control method, cross-synthesis forms, studied a question optimum solution progressively approached.Based Intelligent Control with its global optimization performance and the ability that is suitable for processing challenge obtained people and more and more paid attention to.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to present voltage stabilizer control research is all that water level, pressure are independently controlled, cannot solve the problem interfering with each other that the coupling of water level, pressure brings, a kind of pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant voltage stabilizer water level and pressure bonding control method have been proposed, coupling situation to voltage stabilizer water level, pressure has conducted intensive studies, and realized the full decoupled of water level, pressure; On this basis, realized the integrated compound control of voltage stabilizer water level, pressure, obtained reasonable control effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant voltage stabilizer water level and pressure bonding control method, concrete grammar comprises the steps:
1), first on compressed water reactor nuclear power unit simulation test platform, carry out the characteristic test of voltage stabilizer control system, then according to the data of experiment gained, system is analyzed and the matching of transport function, obtain respectively in situation that upper punch valve adds disturbance the transport function matching G of water level response curve
11(S), upper punch valve adds in the situation of disturbance, the transport function matching G of pressure response curve
21(S), under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, the transport function matching G of water level response curve
12(S), under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, the transport function matching G of pressure response curve
22(S);
2), design Decoupling network, by N
1=G
21(S)/G
22and N (S)
2=G
12(S)/G
11(S) the common Decoupling network forming, act on the voltage stabilizer that step 1) obtains water level, pressure disturbance transport function before, to the water level of voltage stabilizer, pressure, realize full decoupled;
3), design traditional PID controller, to step 2) in through voltage stabilizer water level, the pressure of decoupling zero, control respectively;
4), design is based on integrated compound control Decoupling network, voltage stabilizer water level, pressure, on the basis of step 3), fuzzy intelligence is controlled with traditional PID control and combined, realize compound control, result also compares with traditional PID control result, obtains final pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant voltage stabilizer water level and pressure bonding control program.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant voltage stabilizer water level of the present invention and pressure bonding control method, this method has very high actual application value to the voltage stabilizer water level of 900 MW units and pressure control, can promote advanced intelligent to be controlled at research and the application on nuclear power generating sets, thereby improve the level of control of unit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is prior art voltage stabilizer control pressurer system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is prior art water level control of pressurizer systematic schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the upper punch valve that the present invention controls voltage stabilizer water level adds after disturbance, the variation diagram of voltage stabilizer water level and pressure;
Fig. 4 is under upper punch valve of the present invention disturbance, voltage stabilizer curves of water level fitting result figure;
Fig. 5 is under upper punch valve of the present invention disturbance, voltage stabilizer pressure curve fitting result figure;
Fig. 6 is that the well heater that the present invention controls voltage stabilizer pressure adds after disturbance, the variation diagram of voltage stabilizer water level and pressure;
Fig. 7 is under well heater disturbance of the present invention, voltage stabilizer curves of water level fitting result figure;
Fig. 8 is under well heater disturbance of the present invention, voltage stabilizer pressure curve fitting result figure;
Fig. 9 is voltage stabilizer pressure of the present invention, water level Decoupling network structural drawing;
Figure 10 is the present invention not before decoupling zero under water level disturbance, the unit-step response figure of voltage stabilizer pressure, water level;
Figure 11 is after decoupling zero of the present invention under water level disturbance, the unit-step response figure of voltage stabilizer pressure, water level;
Figure 12 is the present invention not before decoupling zero under pressure disturbance, the unit-step response figure of voltage stabilizer pressure, water level;
Figure 13 is after decoupling zero of the present invention under pressure disturbance, the unit-step response figure of voltage stabilizer pressure, water level;
Figure 14 is the PID controller architecture block diagram of voltage stabilizer pressure of the present invention, water level decoupling zero;
After Figure 15 is decoupling zero of the present invention, voltage stabilizer water level PID controls result figure;
After Figure 16 is decoupling zero of the present invention, voltage stabilizer pressure P ID controls result figure;
Figure 17 is the integrated composite controller structured flowchart of voltage stabilizer pressure of the present invention, water level;
Figure 18 is the PID controller of voltage stabilizer water level of the present invention, integrated composite controller effect contrast figure;
Figure 19 is the PID controller of voltage stabilizer pressure of the present invention, integrated composite controller effect contrast figure.
Embodiment
The data prototype of research work of the present invention is 900 MW units of the second generation three loop pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plants, and concrete grammar comprises the steps:
1), first on the typical second generation three loop 900MW compressed water reactor nuclear power unit simulation test platforms, carry out the characteristic test of voltage stabilizer control system, then according to the data of experiment gained, system is analyzed to the matching with transport function.
2), design Decoupling network, to the water level of voltage stabilizer, pressure, realize full decoupled.
3), design traditional PID controller, voltage stabilizer water level, pressure are controlled respectively.
4), design is based on integrated compound control Decoupling network, voltage stabilizer water level, pressure, and control result with traditional PID and compare.
The present invention is first on the typical second generation three loop 900MW compressed water reactor nuclear power unit simulation test platforms, choose 3 kinds of typical operating conditions, it is the emulation experiment that the variation of steam turbine load step, steam turbine load linear change and load dump carry out voltage stabilizer control system, then according to the data of experiment gained, system is analyzed and the matching of transport function, carried out afterwards the design of controller.
Embodiment used herein comprises the following steps:
The high precision mathematical modeling of step 1, voltage stabilizer:
the water level disturbance of voltage stabilizer: the water level of voltage stabilizer is controlled by upper punch valve and letdown valve.In experiment, letdown valve is set to manually, and upper punch valve is added respectively to the disturbance such as 5%, 10%, 15%, records respectively the step disturbance curve of pressure and water level, as Fig. 3.
Upper punch valve adds in the situation of disturbance, and the transport function of water level response curve fits to:
（1）
Water level response fitting result is shown in Fig. 4.Fitting precision is in Table under 1 upper punch valve disturbance, and voltage stabilizer curves of water level fitting precision shows.
Table 1
As seen from Table 1, matching maximum error is 0.18%, and fitting precision is very high.
Upper punch valve adds in the situation of disturbance, and the transport function of pressure response curve fits to:
（2）
Upper punch valve adds in the situation of disturbance, and pressure response curve fitting result is shown in Fig. 5.
the pressure disturbance of voltage stabilizer: the pressure of voltage stabilizer is controlled by well heater and shower valve.In experiment, shower valve is set to manually, well heater be applied to disturbance, and test curve is as Fig. 6.As can be seen from Figure 4, well heater applies in disturbance situation, and pressure can change, but water level also has a very large change simultaneously.
Under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, the transport function of water level response curve fits to:
（3）
Under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, Fig. 7 is shown in the matched curve of water level response.
Under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, the transport function of pressure response curve fits to:
（4）
Under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, Fig. 8 is shown in the matched curve of pressure-responsive: fitting precision is in Table under 2 well heater disturbances, and voltage stabilizer pressure curve fitting precision shows:
Table 2
Visible in table 2, the maximum error of matching is 1.14%, and the ratio of precision of mathematical model is higher.
the design of step 2, Decoupling network: voltage stabilizer pressure, water level Decoupling network are as shown in Figure 9.7(Decoupling network N in Fig. 9
1) and 8(Decoupling network N
2) jointly form Decoupling network, before acting on the water level, pressure disturbance of voltage stabilizer, realize full decoupled, wherein
（5）
（6）
Voltage stabilizer pressure, water level Decoupling network structure as shown in Figure 9, comprising: 1, step input, 2, transport function G
11(formula 1), 3 transport function G
21(formula 2), 4, transport function G
12(S) (formula 3), 5, transport function G
22(S) (formula 4), 6, oscillograph, 7, Decoupling network N
1(formula 5), 8, Decoupling network N
2(formula 6).
Have a look the effect of decoupling zero.Figure 10, Figure 11 are under water level disturbance, the unit-step response of the forward and backward voltage stabilizer water level of decoupling zero, pressure.Figure 12, Figure 13 are under pressure disturbance, the unit-step response of the forward and backward voltage stabilizer water level of decoupling zero, pressure.From Figure 10～Figure 13, can see, through the decoupling zero of Decoupling network, the water level of voltage stabilizer and pressure have been realized full decoupled.
The design of step 3, the conventional PID controllers based on Decoupling network: as Figure 14, comprising based on PID controller architecture block diagram Decoupling network, voltage stabilizer pressure, water level: 1, step input, 2, transport function G
11(formula 1), 3, transport function G
21(formula 2), 4, transport function G
12(S) (formula 3), 5, transport function G
22(S) (formula 4), 6, oscillograph, 7, Decoupling network N
1(formula 5), 8, Decoupling network N
2(formula 6), 9, PID controller.
After Figure 15, Figure 16 are decoupling zero, the PID of voltage stabilizer pressure, water level controls result.From Figure 15, Figure 16, can see, after decoupling zero, it is stable that the PID of voltage stabilizer pressure, water level controls result, and overshoot is also smaller, and the settling time that just water level is controlled is long.
Step 4, based on integrated compound control design Decoupling network, voltage stabilizer water level, pressure: for PID controller in the Decoupling network of the voltage stabilizer water level in Fig. 9, pressure and Figure 14, designed that voltage stabilizer water level, pressure integrated are controlled, advanced intelligent is controlled and the compound control scheme of traditional PID control, the control program of Figure 17 is to control as an example with fuzzy+PID, comprise: 1, step input, 2, transport function G
11(formula 1), 3, transport function G
21(formula 2), 4, transport function G
12(S) (formula 3), 5, transport function G
22(S) (formula 4), 6, oscillograph, 7, Decoupling network N
1(formula 5), 8, Decoupling network N
2(formula 6), 9, PID controller, 10, fuzzy controller.
Figure 18, Figure 19 are PID controller and the integrated composite controller Contrast on effects of voltage stabilizer water level, pressure.
Claims (1)
1. pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant voltage stabilizer water level and a pressure bonding control method, is characterized in that, concrete grammar comprises the steps:
1), first on compressed water reactor nuclear power unit simulation test platform, carry out the characteristic test of voltage stabilizer control system, then according to the data of experiment gained, system is analyzed and the matching of transport function, obtain respectively in situation that upper punch valve adds disturbance the transport function matching G of water level response curve
11(S), upper punch valve adds in the situation of disturbance, the transport function matching G of pressure response curve
21(S), under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, the transport function matching G of water level response curve
12(S), under the pressure disturbance that well heater produces, the transport function matching G of pressure response curve
22(S);
2), design Decoupling network, by N
1=G
21(S)/G
22and N (S)
2=G
12(S)/G
11(S) the common Decoupling network forming, act on the voltage stabilizer that step 1) obtains water level, pressure disturbance transport function before, to the water level of voltage stabilizer, pressure, realize full decoupled;
3), design traditional PID controller, to step 2) in through voltage stabilizer water level, the pressure of decoupling zero, control respectively;
4), design is based on integrated compound control Decoupling network, voltage stabilizer water level, pressure, on the basis of step 3), fuzzy intelligence is controlled with traditional PID control and combined, realize compound control, result also compares with traditional PID control result, obtains final pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant voltage stabilizer water level and pressure bonding control program.
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| CN103903661B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2016-08-10 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of manostat water level measurement system and method after accident |
| CN103246205B (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-05-27 | 上海交通大学 | Nuclear reactor outage analog system and method thereof |
| CN103699008B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2016-08-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of AP1000 reactor core decoupling and controlling system and control method |
| CN104425045B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2017-10-17 | 中国广核集团有限公司 | One loop of nuclear power station pressurizer system information processing method and investigation method |
| CN104267754B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-10-24 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reactor entrance pressure intelligent regulating system and its control method |
| CN104637557A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-20 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Feedforward-feedback composite control method and system for pressure and liquid level of nuclear power station voltage stabilizer |
| CN112053793B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-04-01 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Setting method for operating water level of sea nuclear platform voltage stabilizer |
| CN113219817A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-08-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Pressure safety control system and control method for multiple redundancy voting |
| CN114999698A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-09-02 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Water level control system of pressure stabilizer of pressurized water reactor |
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