CN102539731A - Reagent and kit for quantitatively determining low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum - Google Patents

Reagent and kit for quantitatively determining low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum Download PDF

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CN102539731A
CN102539731A CN2012100050923A CN201210005092A CN102539731A CN 102539731 A CN102539731 A CN 102539731A CN 2012100050923 A CN2012100050923 A CN 2012100050923A CN 201210005092 A CN201210005092 A CN 201210005092A CN 102539731 A CN102539731 A CN 102539731A
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reagent
ldl
concentration range
surfactant
damping fluid
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李清华
宋高峰
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NINGBO TIANKANG BIO-TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Abstract

The invention provides a reagent for directly and quantitatively determining low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in human serum in a homogeneous system by an enzymatic method. The reagent is suitable for automatically and quantitatively determining the LDL-C by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The reagent consists of a solution type reagent 1 and a solution type reagent 2 which are placed separately, wherein the reagent 1 contains cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase, 4-amino-antipyrine, catalase, surfactant, a buffering agent and a stabilizing agent; and the reagent 2 comprises peroxidase, a color-developing agent, the other surfactant, a stabilizing agent and a buffering agent. The invention also provides a method for directly determining the content of the LEDL-C in the homogeneous system without pre-treating a serum sample, and a kit which specifically uses the method in a clinical laboratory and in which the reagent 1 and the reagent 2 are accommodated.

Description

The quantitative measurement reagent of serum low-density LP cholesterol and mensuration kit
Technical field
The present invention relates to the quantitative measurement reagent and the kit of LDL-C in the blood serum sample (LDL-C).
Background technology
Lipid material in the serum such as cholesterol and triglyceride etc. are not to be present in the serum with free form; But combine the back to be present in the serum with the form of lipoprotein with various apolipoproteins; Lipoprotein in the serum is granular material; Size and density according to particle can be divided into four types of lipoprotein: chylomicron (CM), VLDL (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and HDL (HDL); Different lipoprotein is brought into play different physiology and pathology function in vivo; Eighties of last century the seventies begins, and numerous epidemiological studies confirms that serum low-density LP cholesterol (LDL-C) level and atherosclerotic or evidence of coronary heart diseases are proportionate; Generally acknowledged that at present LDL-C (LDL-C) is the important risks and assumptions of coronary heart disease, because LDL is to the great effect of being formed with of atherosclerotic plaque.The danger of Gottingen, incidence and epidemiological study (GRIPS) show, in all lipid and various lipoprotein, present the strongest being correlated with between LDL-C and the coronary heart disease death rate.To LDL-C (LDL-C) Determination on content is the work that present clinical labororatory generally carries out.
The reference method of measuring LDL-C in the world is the β sizing technique; This method will be used the ultracentrifuge that can reach very big centrifugal force; After long-time centrifugal, remove VLDL (VLDL); Measure the cholesterol level in density>1.006 components, and therefrom deduct HDL-C (HDL-C) content (density>1.063), obtain the content of LDL-C.This method needs expensive equipment ultracentrifuge, and complicated operation is time-consuming, and the ability of handling sample is low, can't carry out the mensuration to LDL-C (LDL-C) in general clinical labororatory.
Develop the eighties in 20th century and several kinds of methods of comparatively simply measuring LDL-C that relatively are fit to clinical labororatory's use; The ultimate principle of these class methods is to make the LDL deposition in the serum with various precipitation agents such as macromolecule asuro, polyanion, polyvinyl sulfuric acid salt (PVS), heparin etc.; Behind the centrifuging sediment; Mensuration has been separated the cholesterol level of the sample supernatant behind the LDL; Measure the total cholesterol level of original blood serum sample simultaneously, therefrom deduct the aforementioned cholesterol level that separates the sample supernatant behind the LDL, the content of its difference as LDL-C.These class methods are not the direct mensuration to LDL-C, are indirect determination methods.Just can obtain LDL-C content so will carry out secondary cholesterol level mensuration at least to same sample, and because the operation of precipitation and centrifugal separation LDL is arranged, thereby can't realize automatic assay.These class methods also often can not satisfy clinical demand to the processing power of sample, the precision of method and accuracy and specificity aspect lack of significant superiority.
Because the precipitation method are measured the number of drawbacks and use inconvenience of LDL-C; A kind of total cholesterol level according to blood serum sample (TC), content of triglyceride (TG) and HDL-C (HDL-C) three content are arranged again; Calculate the method for LDL-C content, i.e. Friedewald computing method of formula with an experimental formula.When TC, TG and the HDL-C content of a blood serum sample all in normal range, and when the mensuration of above-mentioned three lipids all had preferably accuracy, generally also can think accurately according to the LDL-C content that the Friedewald formula calculates; But the Friedewald computing method of formula can not be applicable to especially hypertriglyceridemia patient's blood serum sample of dyslipidemia; And the object that need measure LDL-C clinically has the situation of dyslipidemia often; If the blood serum sample to these patients calculates LDL-C content with the Friedewald computing method of formula; The result who obtains is nonsensical to clinical Clinics and Practices, and probably causes misleading to clinical.
In the once of short duration method that the second generation occurs of early 1990s according to the precipitate and separate LDL of Ag-Ab immunization principle; Just the precipitation method even on to sample on new method replacement centrifugally operated step; Do not have substantial improvement, these class methods are not promoted the use of at home yet.
At first reported in 1998 to be fit to the even method of directly measuring LDL-C mutually that automatic analyzer uses, belong to third generation method by Japanese scholar.The appearance of these class methods has been opened up a brand-new thinking for directly measuring serum LDL-C, removes the method for separating LDL earlier and can in even phase system, directly measure LDL-C from thereupon having emerged in large numbers several.Wherein a kind of is " solubilising method " (Sol method): seal non-LDL lipoprotein (comprising VLDL, CM and HDL) with surfactant and sugar compounds earlier, in reaction system, use enzymatic assays LDL-C then; Another kind is " surfactant method " (SUR method): in the presence of a kind of special surfactant; LDL-C is not by the enzyme hydrolysis in the reaction system in protection; But the contained cholesterol of other lipoprotein is by enzyme hydrolysis; Add another kind of special surfactant then, remove protection LDL, make LDL-C by enzyme hydrolysis after chromogenic assay; The third method is " Protection Code " (PRO method): protect LDL not by enzymic catalytic reaction with a kind of protective agent earlier; But the contained cholesterol of other lipoprotein is by enzyme hydrolysis; Add then and remove protective agent, remove protection LDL, make LDL-C by enzyme hydrolysis after chromogenic assay; The 4th kind of method is " ultraviolet method " (CAL method): a kind of special reagent combines to form soluble polymer with LDL; Do not participate in the enzyme digestion reaction of cholesterol yet; Make the LDL depolymerization then; Participate in the enzyme digestion reaction of cholesterol, but the last conversion that utilizes cozymase with the dehydrogenasa approach is with ultraviolet wavelength detection reaction product; Another method is that selectivity suppresses method, and with alpha-cyclodextrin, dextran sulfate and polyoxyethylene-polypropylene sealing, the copolymerization polysaccharide suppresses the reaction of non-LDL and cholesterol enzyme reagent, only makes LDL-C by enzyme hydrolysis and mensuration.The even method of directly measuring LDL-C mutually of this type is fit to the automated analysis instrument and measures, and can carry out fast measuring to clinical a large amount of test sample, generally in the clinical labororatory of hospitals at different levels, promotes the use of at present.
At present, the even commercial reagent of directly measuring LDL-C has mutually been broken the imported product dominance, existing many domestic dependent merchandise kit supplies.Through the retrieval of related patent U.S. Patent No., also retrieve some relevant even patents of directly measuring LDL-C mutually.But the content of present patent application has independently characteristics, and the reagent performance is more good, effective antijamming capability, and price is more cheap, for clinical needs provide one to select preferably.
Summary of the invention
After the even method of directly measuring LDLC is mutually studied for many years and tested repeatedly to null method, important breakthrough has been arranged in following several respects:
1, the selection of special surfactant kind and molecular weight size is extremely important in the reagent, and the surfactant after preferred is to eliminating non-LDL-C in first step enzyme reaction, and protection LDL-C plays crucial effect, is the key problem in technology of assay method of the present invention.
2, carrying out the selection of source, the concentration in the reagent and the relative scale of the enzyme of cholesterol hydrolysis reaction in the reagent, is even another key factor of directly accurate working sample LDL-C concentration mutually.
3, this law comprises the reaction of twice mensuration lipoprotein cholesterol; Though the method that is adopted all is the method principle of identical cholesterol oxidase; But branch does not carry out color reaction after cholesterol is decomposed in first step reaction; And during the reaction of the second step LDL cholesterol, carry out color reaction after cholesterol is decomposed, at last can be through colorimetric estimation.Therefore selection, the selection of chromogenic agent and the design of response path of developer are crucial as far as reagent and methodology.
4, the stabilizing agent in this reagent does not refer in particular to somely, has one or more reagent compositions to bring into play function of stabilizer in fact, to the long-term stability that keeps reagent with resist multiple clearly play an important role with influence indefinite disturbing factor.
One of the object of the invention is; Providing a kind of replaces the precipitation method to separate LDL with the null method principle; And can be in even phase system the direct reagent of LDL-C content in the assay determination sample automatically; Said reagent is made up of reagent of placing respectively 1 and reagent 2, wherein, contains cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase, 4-amino-antipyrine, hydrogen peroxidase, special surfactant, buffering agent and stabilizing agent etc. in the said reagent 1; Contain peroxidase, developer, another kind of surfactant and stabilizing agent and buffering agent in the said reagent 2.
Another object of the present invention is that the kit that provides a kind of direct quantitative to measure LDL-C content in the blood serum sample wherein is equipped with the aforementioned agents 1 and reagent 2 of placing respectively.
A further object of the present invention provide a kind of in even phase system direct quantitative measure the method for LDL-C content in the blood serum sample.
Particularly, the present invention is used for even direct quantitative mutually and measures the kit of LDL-C content in the blood serum sample and be made up of reagent of placing respectively 1 and reagent 2.
Wherein, contain cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase, 4-amino-antipyrine, hydrogen peroxidase, special surfactant, buffering agent and stabilizing agent etc. in the said reagent 1.
The effect of said reagent 1 is the surfactant that provides special, and LDL-C is not by the enzyme hydrolysis in the reaction system in protection, but the contained cholesterol of other lipoprotein is by enzyme hydrolysis.Owing to only contain a kind of developer composition in the reagent 1, and the protection of stabilizing agent is arranged, reagent 1 is stable when placing separately; And when sample determination, provide reaction required whole compositions, color reaction does not completely take place when reacting but be not combined in by reagent 1.
Like what use among this paper, term " high-purity " is meant that product gas purity is greater than 95%.
Described special surfactant is selected from wherein one or more such as styryl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dextran sulfate.The concentration of special surfactant in reagent solution can be decided according to the demand that non-LDL lipoprotein cholesterol is decomposed fully, and its preferred concentration range is 500mg/L~10000mg/L, and more preferred concentration range is 2000mg/L~5000mg/L.
The described enzyme reagent that non-LDL lipoprotein cholesterol is decomposed fully comprises cholesterol esterase (CE), cholesterol oxidase (COD) and hydrogen peroxidase (Catalase); In its instantiation; Cholesterol esterase (CE) is selected from the high-purity goods that extracted by pseudomonad, and the concentration range in reagent is 500U/L~15000U/L; Cholesterol oxidase (COD) is selected from the high-purity goods that extracted by the genetic engineering recombinant product, and the concentration range in reagent is 500U/L~15000U/L; Hydrogen peroxidase (Catalase) is selected from the high-purity goods that extracted by Aspergillus, and the concentration range in reagent is 1000U/L~30000U/L.
The 4-amino-antipyrine (4-AAP) that contains one of developer composition in the instantiation of described reagent 1, its effect are not brought into play in the first reaction time enzyme reaction, participate in color reaction but wait until in the enzyme reaction second time.The preferred concentration range for of 4-AAP is 50mg/L~500mg/L in instantiation.
Wherein, contain peroxidase, developer, another kind of surfactant and stabilizing agent and buffering agent in the reagent 2 according to the invention.
The effect of said reagent 2 is to provide the another kind of surfactant of releasing to the LDL protection, and LDL-C still can be decomposed under the effect of the cholesterol enzyme process reagent of existence in reaction system.
Another effect of said reagent 2 is the peroxidase (POD) and the developer that provide, makes the LDL cholesterol decompose afterproduct and two kinds of simultaneous developers reactions, and the generation colored compound is for colorimetric estimation.
The surfactant that contains in the described reagent 2 is selected from one or more of soap series, sulphonate series, and its instantiation can be selected sodium dodecylsulphonate.Preferred concentration range in reagent solution is 500mg/L~50000mg/L, and more preferred concentration range is 15000mg/L~25000mg/L.
The peroxidase (POD) that said reagent 2 contains is selected from the high stability goods that extracted by horseradish, and in its instantiation, the preferred concentration range in reagent is 200U/L~50000U/L, and more preferred concentration range is 1000U/L~5000U/L.
The developer that described reagent 2 contains is selected from phenolic compound and derivant such as phenol, 4-chlorophenol, N-ethyl-N-(2 hydroxyls-3-sulfopropyl)-meta-aminotoluene sodium salt (TOOS) or N-ethyl-N-(2 hydroxyls-3-sulfopropyl)-3; In the 5-dimethoxyaniline sodium salt (HDAOS) etc. one or more; In its instantiation; Select N-ethyl-N-(2 hydroxyls-3-sulfopropyl)-meta-aminotoluene sodium salt (TOOS) or N-ethyl-N-(2 hydroxyls-3-sulfopropyl)-3; 5-dimethoxyaniline sodium salt (HDAOS), the sensitivity that has behind the colour generation and stable preferably.The preferred concentration range for of developer in reagent solution is 0.5g/L~10.0g/L, and more preferred concentration range is 1.0g/L~3.0g/L.
Described reagent 2 also contains keeps the stable buffering agent of reaction environment pH, is selected from GOODS damping fluid, MOPS damping fluid, the phosphate buffer one or more.In its instantiation, selecting the preferred concentration range for of MOPS damping fluid is 0.5mmol/L~200mmol/L, and more preferred concentration range is 30mmol/L~100mmol/L; The pH preferable range of damping fluid is 5.0~8.7.
The stabilizing agent that described reagent 2 contains is selected from tetraethyl ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate sodium salt (EDTA), and its preferred concentration range in reagent solution is 0.1g/L~10g/L.
The kit of measuring LDL-C (LDL-C) content among the human serum sample with Enzymology method direct quantitative in even phase system according to the invention is that mentioned reagent of placing respectively 1 and reagent 2 are packed into different specifications (ml) in the kit package.This kit has multiple different specifications, can be applicable at present the automated chemical analyser of the various domestic and international brands of generally using in clinical labororatory respectively.
The method of measuring LDL-C (LDL-C) content among the human serum sample with Enzymology method direct quantitative in even phase system according to the invention comprises:
● the volume ratio of regulation blood serum sample and reagent 1 and reagent 2, its ratio is a sample: reagent 1: reagent 2=3: 210: 70.
● the step of measurement operation is: in reaction vessel, (be generally the cuvette of analytical instrument) and add the test serum sample earlier; Add reagent 1 again; In 37 ℃ isoperibol, regularly be incubated 5 minutes behind the mixing; Non-LDL cholesterol is decomposed in first reaction, and before adding reagent 2, measure the absorbance A 1 under certain wavelength; And then add the reagent 2 startings reaction of enzymes for the second time, and continue insulation, after reaction is reached home, measure absorbance A 2 in above-mentioned identical wavelength.Use the same method and measure the absorbance A 1 and the A2 of calibration solution, the LDL-C content in the blood serum sample can obtain through following calculating formula:
LDL-C (mmol/L)=(Δ A Measure/ Δ A Calibration) * Cs (calibration solution LDL-C concentration)
Δ A wherein Measure(A2-A1) of=sample determination, Δ A Calibration(A2-A1) that=calibration object is measured
LDL-C assay method of the present invention only needs 3~10 microlitres (μ l) blood serum sample; Total reaction volume also only has about 300 μ l; The sensitivity that detects is to measure LDL (LLD) expression of LDL-C; At least can reach 0.1mmol/L, so be the directly automatic assay method of a kind of high-level efficiency, high sensitivity, low cost, fast trace.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is illustrated among the embodiment 2 reagent of the present invention and contrast agents to the mensuration result of LDL-C.
Embodiment
Following embodiment is the specific descriptions to present patent application, and still, present patent application is not limited to these embodiment, and these embodiment can not be interpreted as the restriction to present patent application.
Embodiment 1:
One, prepare following reagent of the present invention 1 and reagent 2 according to following compositions and ratio:
Reagent 1:
Figure BDA0000129557640000071
Reagent 2:
Figure BDA0000129557640000072
Figure BDA0000129557640000081
Two, measure use HITACHI 7100 type automatic biochemistry analyzers, analytical parameters is set is specially: analytical approach: end-point method; Measuring point: 16,34; Detect wavelength: 570nm (master)/700nm (pair); Temperature of reaction: 37 ℃; Sample size: 3.0 μ l; Reagent R1:210 μ l; Reagent R2:70 μ l; The Direction of Reaction: rise; Calibration mode: linear model, 2 calibrations; Unit: mmol/L.Instrument automatically performs following operating process: in cuvette, add test serum sample 3 μ l earlier, add reagent 1 210 μ l again, in 37 ℃ isoperibol, regularly be incubated 5 minutes behind the mixing, read absorbance A 1; And then add the reagent 2 startings reaction of enzyme for the second time, and continue insulation, when reaction is reached home, read absorbance A 2.Instrument is automatically according to computing formula:
LDL-C (mmol/L)=(Δ A Measure/ Δ A Calibration) * Cs (calibration solution LDL-C concentration)
Δ A wherein Measure(A2-A1) of=sample determination, Δ A Calibration(A2-A1) that=calibration object is measured
Automatically report the mensuration result of sample LDL-C.
Blood serum sample to high, medium and low three LDL-C contents levels is measured, every duplicate samples each with above-mentioned standard operating instructions replication 20 times, by regular statistics requirement, ask for every duplicate samples mensuration result's mean value and standard deviation, then by formula:
The coefficient of variation (CV%)=standard deviation/mean value * 100%
Calculate coefficient of variation CV%, the result is listed in the table below in 1.
The result that table 1 low concentration LDL-C measures
High value Intermediate value Low value
The replication number of times 20 20 20
Mean value (mmol/L) 5.62 3.16 1.47
Standard deviation (mmol/L) 0.063 0.05 0.039
CV% 1.12 1.58 2.65
Coefficient of variation CV is generally used for weighing the precision of an assay method, and the CV value is more little, representes that the precision as a result of this assay method is good more.For the clinical chemistry test project, CV generally acknowledges it is acceptable less than 5% method precision.CV values all in the table 1 show that all less than 3% the inventive method has good precision.
Embodiment 2:
Use listed reagent in the present embodiment 1; According to embodiment 1 described method and condition the LDL-C content of 20 parts of blood serum samples is measured; Every part of blood serum sample is measured the kit (product of the purple emerging Pharma Inc. in Shanghai with commercially available LDL-C simultaneously; Lot number M081209) contrast property is regularly measured, and result such as following table 2 are listed:
Table 2 reagent of the present invention and contrast agents are to the mensuration result of LDL-C
Figure BDA0000129557640000091
Experimental result data is carried out obtaining after the statistical study:
Correlate equation: Y=1.0099x+0.0434 (n=20)
R 2=0.9961 or R=0.9980 (drawing) by the statistical analysis software analysis
Through testing the accuracy of weighing the inventive method with the correlativity of contrast method.Can find out from the statistics gained dependent equation Y=1.0099x+0.0434 of experimental data; Slope is near 1.00; Cut square near 0, show that the inventive method does not have tangible systematic error, coefficient R each other to the mensuration result that LDL-C measures result and contrast agents 2=0.9961 (or R=0.9980) greater than comparison test desired R>0.950, reaches effect preferably, and above-mentioned experimental result shows that the accuracy of the inventive method is good.
Can draw such conclusion according to above-mentioned measuring result: reagent of the present invention is at aspects such as stability, repeatability (precision), accuracy, linearities; All satisfy the requirement of clinical labororatory, be applicable to the LDL-C content of direct quantitative mensuration blood serum sample in even phase system LDL-C content automatic assay.

Claims (10)

1. the reagent of LDL-C content in the quantitative measurement blood serum sample; It is applicable to that automated chemical analyser carries out automatic ration and measures LDL-C; This reagent is made up of the solution-type reagent of placing respectively 1 and reagent 2 two parts, wherein
Contain cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase, 4-amino-antipyrine, hydrogen peroxidase, surfactant, buffering agent and stabilizing agent in the said reagent 1; And
Contain in the said reagent 2 peroxidase, developer, with reagent 1 in surfactant different surface active agents, stabilizing agent and buffering agent.
2. reagent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in said reagent 1, described cholesterol esterase is selected from the high-purity goods that extracted by pseudomonad or ox pancreas; Described cholesterol oxidase is selected from the high-purity goods that extracted by Nocardia, monascus ruber, pseudomonad, streptomycete or genetic engineering recombinant product; Described 4-amino-antipyrine is selected from the high-purity goods; Described hydrogen peroxidase is selected from the high-purity goods by Aspergillus or beef liver cell extraction.
3. reagent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in said reagent 1, described surfactant is selected from one or more in styryl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and the dextran sulfate; Described buffering agent is selected from one or more in GOODS damping fluid, MOPS damping fluid, the phosphate buffer; Described stabilizing agent is selected from one or more of Qu Latong X series and tween series.
4. according to each described reagent in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that in said reagent 1, the concentration range of described cholesterol esterase in reagent solution is 100U/L~20000U/L; The concentration range of described cholesterol oxidase in reagent solution is 500U/L~30000U/L; The concentration range of described hydrogen peroxidase in reagent solution is 200U/L~50000U/L; Described surfactant in reagent solution concentration range be 500mg/L~10000mg/L; The concentration range of damping fluid is 0.5mmol/L~150mmol/L; The pH scope of damping fluid is 5.0~8.7; The concentration range of described stabilizing agent in reagent solution is 500mg/L~50000mg/L; The concentration range of described 4-amino-antipyrine in reagent solution is 0.05g/L~2.0g/L.
5. reagent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in said reagent 2, described peroxidase is selected from the high stability goods that extracted by horseradish, and the concentration range of described peroxidase in reagent solution is 200U/L~50000U/L.
6. reagent according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In said reagent 2; Described developer is selected from phenol, 4-chlorophenol, N-ethyl-N-(2 hydroxyls-3-sulfopropyl)-meta-aminotoluene sodium salt and N-ethyl-N-(2 hydroxyls-3-sulfopropyl)-3, one or more in the 5-dimethoxyaniline sodium salt, and the concentration range of described developer in reagent solution is 0.5g/L~10.0g/L.
7. reagent according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In said reagent 2, described surfactant is selected from one or more in soap series, the sulphonate, and the preferred concentration range for of described surfactant in reagent solution is 500mg/L~50000mg/L.
8. reagent according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In said reagent 2, described buffering agent is selected from one or more in GOODS damping fluid, MOPS damping fluid, the phosphate buffer, and the concentration range of damping fluid is 0.5mmol/L~200mmol/L; The pH preferable range of damping fluid is 5.0~8.7.
9. reagent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in said reagent 2, described stabilizing agent is a tetraethyl ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate sodium salt, and its concentration range in reagent solution is 0.1g/L~10g/L.
10. the kit of LDL-C content in the quantitative measurement blood serum sample; It is characterized in that wherein being equipped with in the claim 1 to 9 reagent of LDL-C content in each described quantitative measurement blood serum sample, this reagent is made up of reagent of placing respectively 1 and reagent 2.
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