CN102539160A - Jogging fatigue simulation experiment system of resonant internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Jogging fatigue simulation experiment system of resonant internal combustion engine Download PDF

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CN102539160A
CN102539160A CN2012100118875A CN201210011887A CN102539160A CN 102539160 A CN102539160 A CN 102539160A CN 2012100118875 A CN2012100118875 A CN 2012100118875A CN 201210011887 A CN201210011887 A CN 201210011887A CN 102539160 A CN102539160 A CN 102539160A
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load
test specimen
internal combustion
combustion engine
pressure head
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CN102539160B (en
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左正兴
李文
廖日东
孙德林
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The invention relates to a jogging fatigue simulation experiment system of a resonant internal combustion engine, belonging to the technical field of fatigue strength of an internal combustion engine. The jogging fatigue simulation experiment system comprises a jogging fatigue device, an accelerometer, an electronic control component, an electric vibration exciter, a vibration exciter push rod and two inertia vibration plates; and the jogging fatigue device comprises a testing assembly, a pre-tightening bolt, a pressing head, a U-shaped connector, a base, a loading push rod and a load applying shaft. The jogging fatigue simulation experiment system of the resonant internal combustion engine, disclosed by the invention, can be used for researching a problem of jogging fatigue of a structural assembly under the action of a topical characteristic load of an internal combustion engine, and can consider contact of a plane and a plane and carry out a research on a jogging fatigue problem of the testing assembly under the action of different load characteristics and load levels by changing the size of a total load and a proportion relation of a tangent load and a normal load compared with a traditional jogging fatigue simulation experiment.

Description

A kind of resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating, belong to internal combustion engine fatigue strength technical field.
Background technology
Under the internal combustion engine state, organism baffle and main beating cap surface of contact bear the acting in conjunction of pretightning force and alternation normal direction and circumferential load, and fretting damage takes place near surface of contact easily, quicken the inefficacy of parts.Research shows that under identical alternation external load function, the effect of fretting fatigue can reduce the fatigue lifetime 30%~50% of test specimen.The research of Fretting Fatigue Damage rule becomes the research focus in the Related Research Domain in recent years gradually.
Experimental study is a most important research means in the Fretting Fatigue Damage research.The fretting fatigue experiment has multiple mode, and difference wherein mainly concentrates on pressure head in shape.The shape of pressure head has a variety of, and different pressure heads can cause different stress distribution.Present stage, the most frequently used pressure head had bridge-type pressure head, column type pressure head and spherical indenter etc.Usually can fixing normal pressure and controlled circulation change muscle power be provided for the fatigue criterion test specimen.But this experiment is difficult to the fretting fatigue failure procedure under simulation cycle property normal pressure and the acting in conjunction of periodicity tangential force.The dovetail structure jogging fatigue experiment platform of Oxonian Ruiz exploitation, the basis of this experimental system is an electro-hydraulic servo fatigue experimental machine.Simulate centrifugal force and the acting force of air aeroengine operation status under respectively through twin shaft disproportional excitation, encourage the control of realization fine motion amplitude through an additional high cycle fatigue blade.Realized the fretting fatigue experiment of blade construction spare.(list of references Ruiz C, Boddington PHB, Chen KC.An investigation on fatigue and fretting in a dovetail joint.Exp Mech 1984; 24:208-17.) present stage is also about the relevant paper and the report of the resonance fretting fatigue experimental system of structural member under the loading of internal combustion engine characteristic feature.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order fully to simulate the Fretting Fatigue Damage process under the engine load characteristic, develop a kind of resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme.
A kind of resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating of the present invention, this system comprises fretting fatigue device 1, accelerometer 2, electronic control part 3, electric activator 4, vibrator push rod 5 and two inertia vibration plates 6; Two inertia vibration plates 6 through the wire rope suspension in orbit; Fretting fatigue device 1 is fixed between two inertia vibration plates 6 through flange; One end of vibrator push rod 5 is fixed on the electric activator 4; The other end of vibrator push rod 5 is fixed on the inertia vibration plate 6; Accelerometer 2 is bonded on another piece inertia vibration plate 6 through magnetic force, and its position and vibrator push rod 5 are symmetrical; Electronic control part 3 is used to control electric activator 4;
Wherein, fretting fatigue device 1 comprises that test specimen 7, pretension bolt 8, pressure head 9, U type connector 10, pedestal 11, loaded push lever 12 and load apply axle 13; Pedestal 11 is a cylinder for integral body; Downside at cylinder has dug two symmetrical grooves, forms a trapezoidal bracing frame between two grooves, and the remainder at cylinder two ends is used for being fixedly connected with inertia vibration plate 6; Respectively there is a test specimen mounting groove both sides of trapezoidal bracing frame; Be used for fixing and test specimen 7 is installed, a side of test specimen 7 has a semicircle orifice, and a side of pressure head 9 has a semicircle orifice; Pressure head 9 is placed on the upper surface of test specimen 7, and the semicircle orifice of pressure head 9 becomes a circular hole with the semicircle orifice well shaped of test specimen 7; Test specimen 7 and pressure head 9 are fixedly connected on the both sides of trapezoidal bracing frame through pretension bolt 8; Load applies the circular hole that axle 13 passes pressure head 9 and test specimen 7 formation; The two ends that load applies axle 13 are fixed on two arms of U type connector 10; U type connector is fixedly connected through loaded push lever 12 with pedestal 11.
Electronic control part 3 resonance amplitude resonant frequency to the crankshaft bending fatigue simulation system in process of the test is carried out closed-loop control, forms closed control circuit; At first signal generator inputs to servo controller with signal; Servo controller sends the sinusoidal pattern command signal of a standard to electric activator 4 through power amplifier; Make electric activator 4 evoke system resonance; Be installed in then on the inertia vibration plate 6 accelerometer 2 with the acceleration signal that records through charge amplifier after a part feed back to servo controller as the response signal of system; A part feeds back to signal generator through the resonance tracking cell, and every circulation primary counter adds up once.Servo controller compares the amplitude and the frequency of command signal and response signal, with revision directive signal or termination test; Also be provided with two unit of load amplitude limitation resonant frequency limitation in the control circuit, when the variation of load amplitude and frequency exceeded the predetermined value of limiting unit, limiting unit can be ended test with the protection test device; CYCLIC LOADING number of times when counter can write down the test termination records corresponding fatigue lifetime.
The course of work: two test specimens are installed in the groove of the trapezoidal bracing frame of pedestal; Loaded push lever and pressure head are pressed in the test specimen upper surface; Pressure head and trapezoidal bracing frame are fixed and are compressed each other through pretension bolt; Utilize the size of torque spanner adjustment pretension bolt pretightning force, thereby obtain the initial compressive stress with the identical size of institute's research engine surface of contact, loaded push lever is passed through the U-shaped connector and is linked to each other with pedestal.Pedestal and inertia vibration plate constitute the tuning fork resonator system.When vibrator during with certain frequency and amplitude excitation tuning fork resonator system, the moment of flexure that inertial force produced of inertia vibration plate will be applied on the pedestal.Pedestal is converted into moment of flexure through U-shaped connector and load push rod the circulation thrust of horizontal direction.Because test specimen and pressure head and horizontal direction are at an angle; Therefore should the circulation thrust on test specimen and pressure head, form along the cyclic loading of surface of contact normal direction and surface of contact tangential; This load and the engine load to organism baffle and main beating cap under the maximum outbreak pressure effect is similar, can realize the function of the surface of contact fretting fatigue rule under the certain fine motion amount and the effect of load amplitude under the simulated engine load characteristic action through the control to surface of contact relative displacement and inertia vibration plate amplitude.
Control system realizes the control of exciting force load amplitude and frequency through closed-loop control, and every excitation start-stop counter adds up once, thereby realizes the function of counting.Under certain exciting force load amplitude, the Control Circulation number of times after the certain number of times of every circulation, takes off section with test specimen, and the direction of observation fine motion crack propagation is measured the length of fine motion crackle, thereby obtains the relation between cycle index and the fine motion crackle.Through test of many times, obtain under the different loads amplitude relation between fretting fatigue cracks length and the load cycle number of times.
Can keep the acceleration amplitude on the inertia vibration plate 6 constant through closed-loop control; Acceleration amplitude is the second derivative of displacement amplitude; There is corresponding relation in displacement amplitude with the moment of flexure amplitude of test again, just makes so also that tired moment of flexure amplitude keeps constant in the process of the test.And connect and occur when loosening when the fillet place that the bent axle list turns test specimen has germinated crackle or tapered sleeve, the bending stiffness of system descends, and resonance frequency decreases, and control circuit can be adjusted excitation frequency again and be in resonant condition all the time with the maintenance system.
Wherein, the mechanical resonant part mainly comprises test specimen, pressure head, jig and load maintainer.Wherein the version of test specimen, pressure head needs similar with the version of organism baffle and main beating cap.Traverse bolt pretightening between jig and the pressure head, for test specimen provides one and the similar working environment of organism baffle.Load maintainer comprises inertia vibration plate, electric activator and push rod three parts.Inertia vibration plate and jig constitute a tuning fork resonator system, and through changing the length of inertia vibration plate, the natural frequency of adjustment tuning fork system is adjusted to first natural frequency near the load frequency of internal combustion engine under in working order.To inertia vibration plate transmitted load, the inertia vibration plate is applied to load on test specimen and the pressure head through U type push rod electric activator through push rod, realizes the fine motion of surface of contact.
Electronic control part can be realized three functions: load is constant in the maintenance experimentation, system is in resonant condition all the time, ends to test in good time when guaranteeing experiment.
Load in the experimentation is constant to be realized through the acceleration closed-loop control.During system works, be placed on the electric charge that accelerometer produced on the vibration plate after charge amplifier amplifies and convert to the voltage signal that standard quantizes, deliver to servo controller as the response signal of system.Command signal is provided by function generator, delivers to servo controller simultaneously, and its waveform is sinusoidal wave, and frequency equals the resonant frequency of mechanical part, and amplitude is corresponding with required experiment load.After instruction got into servo controller with response signal, servo controller compared their amplitude, and exports a signal to power amplifier, and the excitation electric activator promotes another vibration plate with certain amplitude vibrations.When certain factor changed load, this variation can be corrected automatically through negative feedback in the loop, thereby keeps load constant in the experimentation.
Resonance state in the experimentation realizes through the frequency closed-loop control.Test specimen maybe be loosening etc. former thereby rigidity is descended because of crackle or clamping occurring in the experimentation, and then resonant frequency will decrease, and this moment, original resonance state went to pot.In circuit, designed a resonant frequency tracking cell, its and function generator etc. constitute the Automatic Frequency regulating loop for this reason.Command signal and corresponding signal are input to the resonance tracking cell, after detecting, amplifying, feed back to function generator, and the revision directive signal frequency makes it to equate with system current resonant frequency, thereby guarantee the resonance state of system.
Test macro is used for measuring the load capacity on fine motion amount and test specimen and the pressure head.Measure the displacement fine motion amount between test specimen and the pressure head Contact Pair with grating displacement sensor, because in the fretting fatigue experimentation, the fine motion amount between the Contact Pair is in 100 μ m, so in the experimentation, intending and selecting resolution for use is the grating sensor of 0.1 μ m.Be applied to the size of the load on test specimen and the pressure head with force sensor measuring U type push rod.
This fretting fatigue simulation system can obtain load, fine motion amount and the relation between the life-span.Wherein, load comprises the periodicity acting force of bolt pretightening and load maintainer.Periodically acting force can be broken down into normal force and tangential force along the surface of contact direction.Through changing the angle between load maintainer and the surface of contact, realize the variation of tangential force and normal force ratio.
Simulated experiment realizes through following step:
Analyze through the complete machine many-body dynamics under the internal combustion engine multi-state, confirm tangential force and normal force ratio under the internal combustion engine typical condition, the angle in confirming on this basis to test between load maintainer and the surface of contact;
Change the output load of electric activator; Be applied to the magnitude of load on the test specimen through force sensor measuring U type push rod; The pretightning force of this load and jig simulation is superposeed, thereby obtain the output load of electric activator and the relation of cyclic loading that test specimen bears;
When tangential force and one timing of normal force ratio, change the size of electric activator output load, through the fine motion amount of grating sensor measurement Contact Pair, obtain the fine motion amount is exported load change with electric activator curve.Can realize control through this curve to the fine motion amount.
Parameter such as fine motion amount between pretightning force, tangential force and the normal force ratio and the Contact Pair of control pretension bolt is carried out Fretting Fatigue Damage and is tested, and obtains each parameter and the relation of Fretting Fatigue Damage between the life-span.
Beneficial effect
Utilize this system can be used for studying the fretting fatigue problem of structural member under the loading of internal combustion engine characteristic feature; Compare with traditional fretting fatigue simulated experiment; Can consider plane and plane contact; Can carry out the research of the fretting fatigue problem of test specimen under different loads characteristic and the load level effect through changing the proportionate relationship of gross load size and circumferential load and normal load.The concrete work that can carry out comprises:
The research that the output load of electric activator and test specimen bear rule between the cyclic loading;
The Control Study of fine motion amount between the Contact Pair;
The research of the Fretting Fatigue Damage rule under the loading of internal combustion engine characteristic.
The observation of fine motion crackle and measurement Research
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating;
Fig. 2 is the fretting fatigue device structural representation;
The composition synoptic diagram of Fig. 3 electronic control part;
Wherein, the 1-fretting fatigue device, 2-accelerometer 3-electronic control part, the 4-electric activator, 5-vibrator push rod, 6-inertia vibration plate, the 7-test specimen, the 8-pretension bolt, the 9-pressure head, 10-U type connector, the 11-pedestal, the 12-loaded push lever, 13-load applies axle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment
A kind of resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating, as shown in Figure 1, this system comprises fretting fatigue device 1, accelerometer 2, electronic control part 3, electric activator 4, vibrator push rod 5 and two inertia vibration plates 6; Two inertia vibration plates 6 through the wire rope suspension in orbit; Fretting fatigue device 1 is fixed between two inertia vibration plates 6 through flange; One end of vibrator push rod 5 is fixed on the electric activator 4; The other end of vibrator push rod 5 is fixed on the inertia vibration plate 6; Accelerometer 2 is bonded on another piece inertia vibration plate 6 through magnetic force, and its position and vibrator push rod 5 are symmetrical; Electronic control part 3 is used to control electric activator 4;
Wherein, fretting fatigue device 1 comprises that test specimen 7, pretension bolt 8, pressure head 9, U type connector 10, pedestal 11, loaded push lever 12 and load apply axle 13, and is as shown in Figure 2; Pedestal 11 is a cylinder for integral body; Downside at cylinder has dug two symmetrical grooves, forms a trapezoidal bracing frame between two grooves, and the remainder at cylinder two ends is used for being fixedly connected with inertia vibration plate 6; Respectively there is a test specimen mounting groove both sides of trapezoidal bracing frame; Be used for fixing and test specimen 7 is installed, a side of test specimen 7 has a semicircle orifice, and a side of pressure head 9 has a semicircle orifice; Pressure head 9 is placed on the upper surface of test specimen 7, and the semicircle orifice of pressure head 9 becomes a circular hole with the semicircle orifice well shaped of test specimen 7; Test specimen 7 and pressure head 9 are fixedly connected on the both sides of trapezoidal bracing frame through pretension bolt 8; Load applies the circular hole that axle 13 passes pressure head 9 and test specimen 7 formation; The two ends that load applies axle 13 are fixed on two arms of U type connector 10; U type connector is fixedly connected through loaded push lever 12 with pedestal 11.
Electronic control part 3 resonance amplitude resonant frequency to the crankshaft bending fatigue simulation system in process of the test is carried out closed-loop control, forms closed control circuit; As shown in Figure 3; At first signal generator inputs to servo controller with signal; Servo controller sends the sinusoidal pattern command signal of a standard to electric activator 4 through power amplifier; Make electric activator 4 evoke system resonance; Be installed in then on the inertia vibration plate 6 accelerometer 2 with the acceleration signal that records through charge amplifier after a part feed back to servo controller as the response signal of system, a part feeds back to signal generator through the resonance tracking cell, every circulation primary counter adds up once.Servo controller compares the amplitude and the frequency of command signal and response signal, with revision directive signal or termination test; Also be provided with two unit of load amplitude limitation resonant frequency limitation in the control circuit, when the variation of load amplitude and frequency exceeded the predetermined value of limiting unit, limiting unit can be ended test with the protection test device; CYCLIC LOADING number of times when counter can write down the test termination records corresponding fatigue lifetime.
Analyze through the complete machine many-body dynamics under the internal combustion engine multi-state; Confirm tangential force and normal force ratio under the internal combustion engine typical condition; Angle in confirming on this basis to test between load maintainer and the surface of contact is as designing the foundation that jig 11 is inlayed test specimen 7 place's bevel angles.In order to make this fretting fatigue experimental system can fully simulate the Fretting Fatigue Damage process under the engine load characteristic, must make test specimen 7 and organism baffle critical size satisfy structural similarity, the two satisfies the material consistance; Pressure head 9 satisfies mechanism's similarity with the main beating cap critical size, and the two satisfies the material consistance.After the size of pressure head 9, test specimen 7, jig 11 and U type push rod 10 is decided, inertia vibration plate 6 is designed.Two identical inertia vibration plates 6 are fixed on the jig two ends symmetrically, have constituted a tuning fork resonator system.Through changing the length of inertia vibration plate 6, the natural frequency of adjustment tuning fork system is adjusted to first natural frequency near the load frequency of internal combustion engine under in working order.
The mechanical resonance system that will manufacture and design is mounted to experimental stand.
Utilize the output magnitude of load and the frequency of electronic control part control electric activator 4.
Change the output load of electric activator 4; Be applied to the magnitude of load on test specimen 7 and the pressure head 9 through force sensor measuring U type push rod 10; The pretightning force of this load and jig 11 simulations is superposeed, thereby obtain output load and test specimen 7,9 relations of bearing cyclic loading of pressure head of electric activator 4.
When tangential force and one timing of normal force ratio, change the size of electric activator 4 output load, through the fine motion amount of grating sensor measurement test specimen 7 and pressure head 9 Contact Pair, obtain this fine motion amount is exported load change with electric activator 4 curve.Can realize control through this curve to the fine motion amount.
Parameter such as fine motion amount between pretightning force, tangential force and the normal force ratio and the Contact Pair of control pretension bolt 8 is carried out Fretting Fatigue Damage and is tested, and obtains each parameter and the relation of Fretting Fatigue Damage between the life-span.

Claims (2)

1. resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating, it is characterized in that: this system comprises fretting fatigue device (1), accelerometer (2), electronic control part (3), electric activator (4), vibrator push rod (5) and two inertia vibration plates (6); Two inertia vibration plates (6) through the wire rope suspension in orbit; Fretting fatigue device (1) is fixed between two inertia vibration plates (6) through flange; One end of vibrator push rod (5) is fixed on the electric activator (4); The other end of vibrator push rod (5) is fixed on the inertia vibration plate (6); Accelerometer (2) is bonded on another piece inertia vibration plate (6) through magnetic force, and its position and vibrator push rod (5) are symmetrical; Electronic control part (3) is used to control electric activator (4);
Fretting fatigue device (1) comprises that test specimen (7), pretension bolt (8), pressure head (9), U type connector (10), pedestal (11), loaded push lever (12) and load apply axle (13); Pedestal (11) is a cylinder for integral body; Downside at cylinder has two symmetrical grooves, forms a trapezoidal bracing frame between two grooves, and the remainder at cylinder two ends is used for being fixedly connected with inertia vibration plate (6); Respectively there is a test specimen mounting groove both sides of trapezoidal bracing frame; Be used for fixing and test specimen (7) is installed; One side of test specimen (7) has a semicircle orifice; One side of pressure head (9) has a semicircle orifice, and pressure head (9) is placed on the upper surface of test specimen (7), and the semicircle orifice of pressure head (9) becomes a circular hole with the semicircle orifice well shaped of test specimen (7); Test specimen (7) and pressure head (9) are fixedly connected on the both sides of trapezoidal bracing frame through pretension bolt (8); Load applies the circular hole that axle (13) passes pressure head (9) and test specimen (7) formation; The two ends that load applies axle (13) are fixed on two arms of U type connector (10); U type connector is fixedly connected through loaded push lever (12) with pedestal (11).
2. a kind of resonant mode internal combustion engine fretting fatigue experimental system for simulating according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: signal generator inputs to servo controller with signal in the electronic control part (3); Servo controller sends the sinusoidal pattern command signal of a standard to electric activator (4) through power amplifier; Make electric activator (4) evoke system resonance; Be installed in then on the inertia vibration plate (6) accelerometer (2) with the acceleration signal that records through charge amplifier after a part feed back to servo controller as the response signal of system, a part feeds back to signal generator through the resonance tracking cell, every circulation primary counter adds up once.Servo controller compares the amplitude and the frequency of command signal and response signal, with revision directive signal or termination test; Also be provided with two unit of load amplitude limitation resonant frequency limitation in the electronic control part (3), when the variation of load amplitude and frequency exceeded the predetermined value of limiting unit, limiting unit can be ended test with the protection test device; CYCLIC LOADING number of times when counter can write down the test termination records corresponding fatigue lifetime.
CN201210011887.5A 2012-01-16 2012-01-16 Jogging fatigue simulation experiment system of resonant internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related CN102539160B (en)

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CN102901838A (en) * 2012-09-29 2013-01-30 东北大学 Non-synchronous vibration simulation experiment table for blades and experiment operation method thereof
CN108827804A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-16 浙江工业大学 A kind of resonant mode fatigue tester dynamic load error online compensation method
CN112763198A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-07 国营第六一六厂 Camshaft bending fatigue test device

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Cited By (4)

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CN102901838A (en) * 2012-09-29 2013-01-30 东北大学 Non-synchronous vibration simulation experiment table for blades and experiment operation method thereof
CN108827804A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-16 浙江工业大学 A kind of resonant mode fatigue tester dynamic load error online compensation method
CN108827804B (en) * 2018-07-12 2021-04-06 浙江工业大学 Dynamic load error online compensation method for resonant fatigue testing machine
CN112763198A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-07 国营第六一六厂 Camshaft bending fatigue test device

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