CN102539068B - Device and method for automatically measuring and interpreting pressure of plastic pressure-measurement sensitive element - Google Patents
Device and method for automatically measuring and interpreting pressure of plastic pressure-measurement sensitive element Download PDFInfo
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- CN102539068B CN102539068B CN201110430531.0A CN201110430531A CN102539068B CN 102539068 B CN102539068 B CN 102539068B CN 201110430531 A CN201110430531 A CN 201110430531A CN 102539068 B CN102539068 B CN 102539068B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for automatically measuring and interpreting pressure of a plastic pressure-measurement sensitive element. The device comprises an upper computer, a precise measurement mechanism, a symmetrical measurement subsystem and a pressure measurement subsystem. A charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor collects image information of a sensitive element and transmits the image information to the upper computer through cooperation of the precise measurement mechanism. Displacement information is measured through a pattern displacement sensor and transmitted to the upper computer after being processed through a height collection lower computer, and the upper computer processes and calculates all information and gives an interpretation result. The device can conduct multi-point and multi-time measurement on height of the sensitive element after pressing the sensitive element and automatically judges whether pressure measurement value of the sensitive element is effective, manual involvement is not required, measurement points are set automatically, measured pressure is calculated automatically in iteration mode by connecting a sensitive element data base corresponding to specifications and batches, and the interpretation result is directly displayed through the upper computer. The device and the method for automatically measuring and interpreting the pressure of the plastic pressure-measurement sensitive element is fast and convenient, high in automation, precise in measurement results and judging and high in working efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pressure measurement technology field, relate generally to a kind of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element that utilizes and carry out the method that pressure is measured automatically, the specifically automatic gaging pressure interpretation of a kind of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element apparatus and method.Be mainly used in pressure survey and the choosing of manograph mirror of high-pressure gas.
Background technology
Airtight and pressure semi-hermetic container is one of the technical indicator that must survey in design, development, production, examination, due to plasticity manometry have easy to use, simple to operate, do not need to destroy the features such as tested object, be tonometric Main Means in commercial production.Plasticity manometry is to weigh by the size of measuring pressure by the size of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element deflection and deflection, and force value presses rear height to reflect by copper post deflection or copper ball.Plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is called for short plasticity sensitive element and includes copper ball and copper post, and copper post comprises again cylindricality copper post, taper copper post, and specifically after the pressure with copper post or copper ball, high size is weighed by the size of measuring pressure.For a long time, the measuring method that after the pressure of sensitive element, height or deflection are conventional is by measuring manually with vernier caliper, milscale, Ye You relevant unit has introduced the high degree of electrical examining system of external import, domestic also once someone developed relevant automatic checkout system, had the problem of the following aspects with regard to these methods of current employing:
1) point position is single, due to sensitive element under pressure, two stressed end faces are not desirable plane, therefore, spot measurement press after height or deflection be unscientific;
2) under the effect of high pressure, the deflection of sensitive element is large plastometric set, the stress state of both ends of the surface is very complicated, the requirement certain to being equipped with of manograph, often occur that sensitive element presses inclined to one side phenomenon, with pressing after the pressure of inclined to one side sensitive element height or deflection can not reflect by measuring pressure size, whether sensitive element presses is by artificial naked eyes judgement partially, exists the measuring error that human factor causes.
3) because model, specification, the lot number of at present conventional plasticity sensitive element are more, after pressing, height or deflection are often big little by measuring pressure by the interpretation of manually tabling look-up after measuring, while tabling look-up, may also need tester to carry out linear interpolation to form, a large amount of practices show, this work is more loaded down with trivial details, and easily make mistakes, inefficiency.
It is domestic that in the time detecting copper post height, to adopt resolution be the vernier caliper measurement low precision of 0.02mm; Adopting resolution is that 0.001mm screw micrometer precision is can guarantee, but has point position selection problem when the larger copper post of diameter is measured, thereby has caused the measuring error of human factor generation; Adopt the external altimeter automatically of introducing, because its function is not the design of plasticity sensitive element, same point position and press inclined to one side problem.In document Institutes Of Technology Of Nanjing Master's thesis [plasticity pressure measurement device pressure intelligent interpreting system Ji Weirong], once developed the automatic checkout system based on inductance type transducer sensitive element, this system reality does not have use, and whether partially the pressure that can not automatically measure the height value of difference sensitive element and judge sensitive element.
Through the present patent application people literature search within the specific limits, do not find closer related data.
Summary of the invention
For above the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the pressure interpretation apparatus and method that a kind of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is measured automatically, can automatically measure accurately the height value of plasticity sensitive element difference, eliminate the personal error that measurement point is single and manual operation may be introduced; Automatically whether by pressure partially to judge plasticity sensitive element, reject those naked-eye observations and do not pressed and partially and in fact pressed inclined to one side plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, improve the precision of pressure survey and interpretation; With after upper machine communication, can automatically search corresponding pressure table of comparisons database, directly provide by the size of measuring pressure, realize tonometric automatic interpretation, increase work efficiency.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is described as follows:
The present invention is the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of a kind of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device, comprise host computer, precision measurement mechanism, symmetrical measurement subsystem and pressure survey subsystem, ccd video camera in symmetrical measurement subsystem is installed in precision measurement mechanism, the camera lens of ccd video camera is the position to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element just, information and image capture module two-way communication that ccd video camera gathers, image capture module and host computer two-way communication; The contact of the grating displacement sensor in pressure survey subsystem is positioned at the top of sensitive element, when measurement, sensitive element is positioned on precise rotating platform center, precise rotating platform is installed on horizontal table, gathering displacement information by grating displacement sensor is sent to and highly gathers in lower computer system, through highly gathering lower computer system processing, highly gather lower computer system and host computer two-way communication; Host computer is processed and is calculated and to sentence read result all image informations, displacement information.
For a long time, pressure survey and manograph mirror are chosen and are all used the deflection of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element under a certain pressure-acting as judging calculation of pressure foundation, and are to adopt manual measurement, the interpretation of tabling look-up always.Not only efficiency is low, has the impact of human factor, the more important thing is that the accuracy of measurement and efficiency can not adapt to growing measurement demand.The present invention is directed to this present situation, in conjunction with working experience for many years, utilize image processing techniques, automatic measurement technology, automatic control technology and computing machine processing combine, and from the different approaches of image capture and displacement detection, plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element are detected and automatic interpretation automatically; Lookup protocol measuring point, can multimetering, and measurement result is more accurate, and it is more accurate to judge.
Realization of the present invention is also: precise rotating platform is installed on horizontal table, on horizontal table, go back the mounting bracket of at right angle setting with mounting groove, mounting bracket is the mounting bracket that level is combined with vertical stratification, on level and vertical support frame all with mounting groove, by the horizontal stand of mounting bracket, horizontal direction stepper motor is installed on the horizontal stand termination of mounting bracket, screw mandrel stepper motor is installed on horizontal stand one side of mounting bracket by connecting elements, grating displacement sensor is installed on the working shaft of grating displacement sensor installing mechanism, grating displacement sensor installing mechanism is fixed on guide rail slide unit by grating guide-rail coupling member, guide rail slide unit by guide rails assembling in the mounting groove of the horizontal stand of mounting bracket, make zero or aim at measuring point by regulating the horizontal stand of mounting bracket and the center, contact of guide rail slide unit assurance adjustment grating displacement sensor, drag link mechanism connects respectively test probe and the guide rail slide unit of grating displacement sensor, and controlling grating displacement sensor can move left and right and move up and down along mounting bracket along guide rail slide unit.
No matter the present invention is that plasticity sensitive element is carried out to image acquisition, or the multimetering that it is flattened to displacement all be unable to do without the cooperation of precision measurement mechanism, when image acquisition, precise rotating platform is called for short turntable according to certain angle intermittent rotary, ccd video camera is real-time image acquisition on correspondence position, while flattening displacement mensuration, next bit computer control displacement quantity sensor installing mechanism is along precession on chute, implement displacement measurement in each measuring point, these actions all need the cooperation of precision measurement mechanism, and because the measuring accuracy of the height value to plasticity sensitive element is micron-sized, so put within the mismachining tolerance of the universal stage of measurand should be controlled at 1～2 μ m scope, will in limited space, adopt like this structural design more cleverly.
Realization of the present invention is also: horizontal table is installed on base by monosymmetric feet, form test job table frame, turntable stepper motor is installed in table frame, shaft coupling, driver, power supply, gear drive, inlet angle contact bearing, precise rotating platform, precise rotating platform is that top is turntable, bottom is the integrated component that has comprised lower bearing end cap and tightened the rotating shaft of round nut, turntable stepper motor drives precise rotating platform rotation by shaft coupling driven wheel gear train, gear drive wherein adopts gap transmission, power supply is all equipment power supplies.Precision measurement of the present invention mechanism adopts turntable stepper motor driven wheel gear train to drive precise rotating platform rotation, gear adopts gap transmission, can make like this transmission more steady, greatly alleviate the impact of precise rotating platform main shaft end face and circumference being beated due to motor oscillating.
The height that the present invention adopts the cooperation high precision grating displacement sensors such as precise rotating platform, horizontal direction stepper motor, drag link mechanism, guide rail slipway mechanism to realize plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element upper surface difference place is measured, with precise rotating platform, ccd video camera, plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is carried out to omnibearing shooting simultaneously, then the image information photographing is sent into host computer with the height value recording and process, finally draw the height value at this plasticity sensitive element upper surface difference place and whether pressed partially.
Realization of the present invention is also: ccd video camera is installed by the tripod that is fixedly connected on horizontal table avris.Ccd video camera can be directly installed on horizontal table, also tripod can be arranged on to horizontal table avris, ccd video camera is arranged on tripod table top, in any case install, must guarantees the just position to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element of camera lens of ccd video camera.
Precision measurement of the present invention mechanism not only can realize the automatic measurement of plasticity sensitive element upper surface difference place height value, eliminates the error of introducing due to manual operation.But also can automatically judge that whether plasticity sensitive element is pressed partially, has improved the precision of work efficiency and pressure interpretation greatly.
The present invention or the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of a kind of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device based on described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, automatically high after the pressure of measurement sensitive element, contrast sensitive element pressure contrasting data storehouse, automatic Iterative is calculated by measuring pressure size, directly show sentence read result by host computer, its operating process comprises:
The first step: system reset: after energising, the host computer 11 of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device sends instruction to highly gathering lower computer system 12, all devices resets;
Second step: symmetrical measurement: host computer control ccd video camera 9 photographic images also judge whether plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 presses partially, first precise rotating platform 18 coordinates ccd video camera 9 to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17, the image information photographing is passed to host computer 11, after host computer 11 utilizes image processing software to process image information, require to judge according to the judgement of plasticity sensitive element 17 symmetries whether plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is pressed partially again, if plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is pressed partially, it is invalid that this plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is considered as, change plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element and return to the execution first step, partially carried out next step if do not press,
The 3rd step: measuring object is set: plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element has copper post and copper ball, copper post divides again cylindricality copper post and taper copper post, cylindricality copper post measurement point is set to the central point of cylindricality copper post and 4 measurement points is along the circumferential direction at least set, first high before pressure measurement, then high after pressure measurement, deflection is high after pressing for height before pressing deducts; Taper copper post measurement point is set to central point, and high after pressure measurement, deflection is that before known pressure, height deducts the rear height of pressure; Copper ball only needs after the pressure of measured center point high, and deflection is that before known pressure, height deducts after pressing high;
The 4th step: high measurement after pressing: tested plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 is positioned over to center on precise rotating platform 18 table tops, when plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 is taper copper post or copper ball, read plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 centers and press rear high data, grating displacement sensor 15 transmits host computer 11 by displacement information by highly gathering lower computer system 12; When plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 is cylindricality copper post, then interlock control precise rotating platform 18 rotates again, grating displacement sensor 15 is displaced to each measuring point of setting, each measuring point is got five data, and grating displacement sensor 15 is averaged displacement information to catch bit machine 11 by highly being gathered lower computer system 12;
The 5th step: host computer 11 obtains satisfactory sensitive element 17 and presses rear height or deflection, can directly be connected with sensitive element database, and by corresponding specification, batch this sensitive element 17 of the direct iterative computation of tabulating model of sensitive element 17 by measuring pressure size, directly show sentence read result by host computer 11
Change plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, the circulation first step to the five steps, complete the measurement of all plasticity pressure measurement sensitive elements.
The invention solves for a long time and rely on and manually measure the low precision and the inefficient problem that exist, realized the whole-course automation of measurement and interpretation, measuring accuracy is high, and work efficiency is high.
Realization of the present invention is also: in second step, precise rotating platform 18 coordinates ccd video camera 9 to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17, refer to that highly gathering slave computer main control unit control turntable stepper motor 2 drives precise rotating platform 18 to rotate, coordinate ccd video camera 9 to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, precise rotating platform 18 rotates a fixed angle, take once, after rotating a circle, the image information photographing is passed to host computer 11, realize comprehensive measurement.
Realization of the present invention is also: the fixed angle that turntable rotates or be 72 degree, or is 60 degree, or is 45 degree.
Because the present invention has adopted multipath metering system, there is the image measurement for plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, also has the displacement measurement for plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, or deflection is measured, the cooperation of precise rotating platform, controls with computing machine is unified, and host computer and slave computer are coordinated, realize the many measurement points to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, multi-faceted automatic measurement and data interpretation.
Compared with prior art remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
(1) automatic detection device of the present invention's design can carry out multi-shot continuous measure by the height to sensitive element (high after pressing) by the program of setting, measuring process does not need artificial participation, utilize the height of multimetering result statistics sensitive element, when multimetering value differs greatly, the pressure measuring value that automatic decision is established sensitive element is invalid.
(2) the sensitive element image that utilizes the high resolution CCD imaging system of this system to take from different orientation by given program, then the image information photographing is passed to host computer by USB interface data collecting card, host computer carries out filtering to image, after a series of processing such as profile extracts, cuts apart, more whether by pressure partially to require to judge plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element according to the judgement of the symmetry of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element.
(3) after host computer obtains satisfactory sensitive element and presses, height or deflection can directly be connected with sensitive element database, and pass through corresponding specification, batch the tabulating model automatic Iterative of sensitive element calculate by measuring pressure size.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall formation schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that precision measurement of the present invention mechanism forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that precision measurement of the present invention mechanism forms stereographic map;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of horizontal table of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the effect contrast figure that the present invention measures plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, wherein Fig. 5 (a) is the original image of tested sensitive element, Fig. 5 (b) is the image after tested sensitive element rim detection, Fig. 5 (c) is the image after tested sensitive element morphological operation, and Fig. 5 (d) searches tested sensitive element barycenter to draw center line result figure;
Fig. 6 is the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of the present invention FB(flow block).
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The present invention is the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of a kind of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device, referring to Fig. 1, the automatic gaging pressure interpretation device of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element comprises host computer 11, precision measurement mechanism, symmetrical measurement subsystem and pressure survey subsystem, sees Fig. 1.In symmetrical measurement subsystem, ccd video camera is installed in precision measurement mechanism, the camera lens of ccd video camera 9 is the position to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 just, the information that ccd video camera 9 gathers and image capture module 10 two-way communications, image capture module 10 and host computer 11 two-way communications; The contact of the grating displacement sensor 15 in pressure survey subsystem is positioned at the top of sensitive element 17, when measurement, sensitive element 17 is positioned on precise rotating platform 18 centers, precise rotating platform 18 is installed on horizontal table 1, gathering displacement information by grating displacement sensor 15 is sent to and highly gathers in lower computer system 12, process through highly gathering lower computer system 12, highly gather lower computer system 12 and host computer 11 two-way communications; Image information, the displacement information of host computer 11 to all collections processed and calculated and to sentence read result.
Horizontal table 1 is installed on base 5 by monosymmetric feet 23, form test job table frame, 42H4602 turntable stepper motor 2 is installed in table frame, shaft coupling 26, SM-202A driver 4, power supply 3, gear drive 7, inlet angle contact bearing 6, precise rotating platform 18, precise rotating platform 18 for top be turntable, bottom is the integrated component of rotating shaft, this member has comprised lower bearing end cap 24 and has tightened round nut 25, turntable stepper motor 2 drives precise rotating platform 18 to rotate by driver 4 driven wheel gear trains 7, gear drive 7 wherein adopts gap transmission, power supply 3 is all equipment power supplies.This structure adopts stepper motor 2 to drive precise rotating platform 18 to rotate by shaft coupling 26 driven wheel gear trains 7, gear adopts gap transmission, can make like this transmission more steady, greatly alleviate the impact of main shaft end face and circumference being beated due to motor oscillating, in this example, utilize the P4 angular contact bearing 6 of a pair of German import to carry out axial limiting to main shaft, because the machining precision of state's inner bearing is difficult to reach micron order, adopt the structure shown in Fig. 3 that upper bearing sleeve 22 is fixed on horizontal table 1, import P4 angular contact bearing 6 is contained on bearing holder (housing, cover) 22, then allow main shaft grind on to main shaft under state of nature, within so just making main shaft end face and circumference beat to be controlled at 1～2 μ m scope.Adopt this structure can reduce to greatest extent the size of horizontal table, make automatic measuring instrument more small and exquisite attractive in appearance, structure is more reasonable.
The present invention or the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of a kind of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, referring to Fig. 6: the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of the plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device based on above-mentioned, automatically high after the pressure of measurement sensitive element, contrast sensitive element pressure contrasting data storehouse, automatic Iterative is calculated by measuring pressure size, directly show sentence read result by host computer, its operating process comprises:
The first step: system reset: after energising, the host computer 11 of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device sends instruction to highly gathering lower computer system 12, all devices resets, comprise precise rotating platform 18, the vertical lateral attitude of grating displacement sensor 15, ccd video camera 9 resets, manually up-down adjustment of grating displacement sensor 15 upper-lower positions in reset.
Second step: symmetrical measurement: host computer control ccd video camera 9 photographic images also judge whether plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 presses partially, first precise rotating platform 18 coordinates ccd video camera 9 to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17, omnidirectional shooting, refer to that highly gathering slave computer main control unit control turntable stepper motor 2 drives precise rotating platform 18 to rotate, coordinate ccd video camera 9 to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, precise rotating platform 18 rotates a fixed angle, take once, after rotating a circle, the image information photographing is passed to host computer 11, realize comprehensive measurement.The image information photographing is passed to host computer 11, host computer 11 utilize image processing software to image information carry out that image is cut apart, mathematical morphology operation, search barycenter, draw center line and process after, require to judge according to the judgement of plasticity sensitive element 17 symmetries whether plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is pressed partially again, if plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is pressed partially, it is invalid that this plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is considered as, change plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element and return to the execution first step, partially carried out next step if do not press.
In this example, the fixed angle of omnidirectional shooting is 72 degree, while being 72 ° of every rotations of precise rotating platform 18, ccd video camera 9 is taken once, and precise rotating platform 18 rotates a circle and takes five times, then the image information photographing is passed to host computer 11 by USB interface data collecting card, realize comprehensive measurement.
It is according to the definition of symmetry in GB/1182-1996 and assessment method that the judgement of symmetry requires.
The 3rd step: measuring object is set: plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element has copper post and copper ball, copper post divides again cylindricality copper post and taper copper post, cylindricality copper post measurement point is set to the central point of cylindricality copper post and 4 measurement points is along the circumferential direction at least set, first high before pressure measurement, then high after pressure measurement, deflection is high after pressing for height before pressing deducts; Taper copper post measurement point is set to central point, and high after pressure measurement, deflection is that before known pressure, height deducts the rear height of pressure; Copper ball only needs after the pressure of measured center point high, and deflection is that before known pressure, height deducts after pressing high.
The present invention is only high after the pressure of measuring center point for taper copper post and copper ball, need for cylindricality copper post high before the pressure of measuring center point and press after high, except central point is measured, also will be in cylindricality copper post upper surface on several points at center, measure again, these measurement points are at least 4, are to be uniformly distributed selected measurement point on a certain radial circumference in cylindricality copper post upper surface.
The 4th step: high measurement after pressing: tested plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 is positioned over to center on precise rotating platform 18 table tops, when plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 is taper copper post or copper ball, read plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 centers and press rear high data, grating displacement sensor 15 transmits host computer 11 by displacement information by highly gathering lower computer system 12; When plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 is cylindricality copper post, then interlock control precise rotating platform 18 rotates again, grating displacement sensor 15 is displaced to each measuring point of setting, each measuring point is got five data, and grating displacement sensor 15 is averaged displacement information to catch bit machine 11 by highly being gathered lower computer system 12.
The 5th step: host computer 11 obtains satisfactory sensitive element 17 and presses rear height or deflection, can directly be connected with sensitive element database, and by corresponding specification, batch this sensitive element 17 of the direct iterative computation of tabulating model of sensitive element 17 by measuring pressure size, directly show sentence read result by host computer 11.When high after calculating is used pressure, high information after the pressure of directly measuring with grating displacement sensor 15, in the time of calculating use deflection, is to press front height to deduct to press rear height for cylindricality copper post deflection, for taper copper post and copper ball, deflection is that before known pressure, height deducts the rear height of pressure.
Change plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17, the circulation first step to the five steps, can complete the measurement of all plasticity pressure measurement sensitive elements 17.
After host computer 11 obtains satisfactory sensitive element and presses, height or deflection can directly be connected with sensitive element database, and pass through corresponding specification, batch the tabulating model automatic Iterative of sensitive element calculate by measuring pressure size.
The height (press after high) of the present invention to sensitive element carries out multi-shot continuous measure, measuring process does not need artificial participation, the height that utilizes multimetering result statistics sensitive element, when multimetering value differs greatly, the pressure measuring value that automatic decision is established sensitive element is invalid.
The invention solves for a long time to rely on manually to measure and have low precision, inefficient problem, realized the whole-course automation of measurement and interpretation, measuring accuracy is high, and work efficiency is high.
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element are with embodiment 1, difference is: precise rotating platform 18 is arranged on horizontal table 1, be not in center, but near horizontal table center position, continue to employ more space to like this location of mounting bracket 16, make the installing space of each member of horizontal table 1 more reasonable.Ccd video camera is placed on the platform on tripod, and tripod is arranged on horizontal table avris, in any case install, need guarantee the just position to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element 17 of camera lens of ccd video camera 9.
Embodiment 3
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element are with embodiment 1-2, it is one of important step of gaging pressure that plasticity sensitive element is pressed whether inclined to one side judgement, with pressing after the pressure of inclined to one side sensitive element height or deflection can not completely truly reflect by measuring pressure size, can bring larger measuring error.In this example, adopt ccd video camera 9, precise rotating platform 18, USB image capture module 10 and host computer 11 that whether partially plasticity sensitive element is pressed and automatically judged, utilize digital image processing techniques to extract the contour feature of plasticity sensitive element, realize that image is cut apart, mathematical morphology operation, search barycenter, draw a series of processing such as center line with MATLAB software, whether finally calculate plasticity sensitive element is pressed partially, so just eliminate traditional artificial visual inspection and pressed the whether inclined to one side error of bringing, improved the precision of interpretation.Referring to Fig. 5, wherein figure (a) is the original image that ccd video camera of the present invention photographs taper copper post, after rim detection, obtain figure (b), operate and obtain figure (c) by mathematical morphology again, further draw center line and obtain figure (d), the straight line of a level according to known this taper copper post upper surface of result of processing, the difference of upper surface each point ordinate in a pixel (size of single pixel be 5.2 × 5.2 μ m), illustrate that its upper surface does not occur crooked.Judge that according to the result of processing whether its shape is about center line symmetry again, calculate known its symmetry within the scope of the given inclined to one side criterion of pressure by figure (d), to sum up can assert that this taper copper post is not pressed partially.
In this example, the fixed angle that precise rotating platform rotates is 60 degree, and 60 ° of shootings of the every rotation of turntable once, rotate a circle and take six times, then the image information photographing are passed to host computer 11 by USB interface data collecting card.
The sensitive element image that the present invention takes from different orientation, then the image information photographing is passed to host computer by USB interface, host computer carries out filtering to image, after a series of processing such as profile extracts, cuts apart, more whether by pressure partially to require to judge plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element according to the judgement of the symmetry of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element.
Embodiment 4
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element be with embodiment 1-3,
In this example, the fixed angle that precise rotating platform rotates is 45 degree, and 45 ° of shootings of the every rotation of turntable once, rotate a circle and take eight times, then the image information photographing is passed to host computer 11 by USB interface data collecting card, can photograph more image, make to measure more accurate.
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element be with embodiment 1-4,
The present invention can utilize precise rotating platform 18, guide rail slipway mechanism 13, drag link mechanism 19 to coordinate high precision grating displacement sensor 15 automatically to measure the height value at plasticity sensitive element difference place, and table 1 is to utilize the present invention's measure Φ 6 × 9.8mm model 0817 batch 08076, height value of 08077,08094,08152 taper copper post central point.Each measuring point is got five data and is then averaging.
0817 batch 08076,08077,08094, the height value of 08152 taper copper post central point in table 1
From this table, can find out that the height value that adopts grating displacement sensor to measure plasticity sensitive element has precision high, good stability, can meet the features such as test request preferably.
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element are with embodiment 1-5, horizontal stepper motor 20 in apparatus of the present invention adopts 28 horizontal stepper motors, the face size that refers to horizontal stepper motor is 28mm × 28mm, screw mandrel stepper motor 21 adopts 39 screw mandrel stepper motors, 39 fingers be also that the face size of this stepper motor is 39mm × 39mm.
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element be with embodiment 1-6,
In this example, plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is cylindricality copper post, cylindricality copper post has upper and lower two end faces, when cylindricality copper post is measured, cylindricality copper post measurement point is set to the central point of cylindricality copper post and several measurement points along the circumferential direction, and in this example, cylindricality copper post along the circumferential direction arranges 6 measurement points, these 6 measurement points distribute along even circumferential, the pressure that is equally first measured center point is front high, then high after the pressure of measured center point, and deflection is high after pressing for the front height of pressure deducts; Survey respectively more afterwards after the pressure of 6 measurement points high.
Embodiment 8
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element be with embodiment 1-6,
In this example, plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is cylindricality copper post, cylindricality copper post has upper and lower two end faces, when cylindricality copper post is measured, cylindricality copper post measurement point is set to the central point of cylindricality copper post and several measurement points along the circumferential direction, and in this example, cylindricality copper post along the circumferential direction arranges 8 measurement points, these 8 measurement points distribute along even circumferential, the pressure that is equally first measured center point is front high, then high after the pressure of measured center point, and deflection is high after pressing for the front height of pressure deducts; Survey respectively more afterwards after the pressure of 8 measurement points high.
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element be with embodiment 1-8,
Plasticity sensitive element is through after on-load pressure test, and the symmetry of axis is to judge whether it is pressed inclined to one side major criterion.Therefore choosing of the algorithm of symmetry is vital, adopts relative method line by line at this.Concrete implementation method is as follows:
The coordinate of the point (white pixel point) that the first step is 1 with find () function by all pixel values in image is found out and is put into a matrix.
Second step, first uses size () function to obtain the line number of this matrix, and recycling loop statement finds out the coordinate figure of the white pixel point on this row line by line, and puts into another matrix.
The 3rd step, obtains maximal value max and the minimum value min of white pixel point horizontal ordinate in every a line, calculates the mean value (max+min)/2 of maximal value and minimum value, finally relatively between mean value and barycenter abscissa value, differs how many.The resolution of the ccd video camera that native system uses is 1280 × 1024, the size of single pixel is 5.2 × 5.2 μ m, therefore, if the maximal value that above-mentioned two values are subtracted each other absolute value is less than 60 pixel values, think that this plasticity sensitive element is not pressed partially, pressed partially otherwise be just considered as it.In Fig. 5, the maximal value of the mean value of every a line white pixel point horizontal ordinate is P
max=174, minimum value is P
min=171, the horizontal ordinate of barycenter is ZX=172.4106.
|P
max-ZX|≤2
|P
min-ZX|≤2
The mean value of every a line white pixel point horizontal ordinate and barycenter abscissa value differ and are less than 2 pixel values, and this plasticity sensitive element is not pressed partially, otherwise this sensitive element is pressed partially, record and press rear higher position can not reflect really force value, so will be rejected.
Embodiment 10
The formation of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device and the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element be with embodiment 1-9,
From host computer obtains the pressure of plasticity sensitive element after height or deflection, first height after the pressure obtaining or deflection input database system to be to interpolation record, then the pressure table of comparisons of correspondence in Query Database, the pressure table of comparisons is divided into the static pressure table of comparisons and the dynamic pressure table of comparisons, the dynamic pressure table of comparisons has again normal temperature dynamic pressure table, pulsewidth correction tensimeter, temperature correction tensimeter, finally obtain the force value of plasticity sensitive element, referring to Fig. 6.
To sum up, the present invention includes host computer, precision measurement mechanism, symmetrical measurement subsystem and pressure survey subsystem, coordinate the image information of carrying out ccd video camera collection sensitive element to send host computer to by precision measurement mechanism, utilize grating displacement sensor to measure displacement information, through highly gather slave computer process after send host computer to, host computer to all information processings, calculate and provide sentence read result.The present invention can carry out multiple spot, repeatedly measure height after the pressure of sensitive element, whether the pressure measuring value of automatic decision sensitive element is effective, do not need artificial participation, Lookup protocol measuring point, by with corresponding specification, batch sensitive element database be connected, automatic Iterative is calculated by measuring pressure size, directly shows sentence read result by host computer, efficient and convenient, automaticity is high, measurement result is more accurate, and it is more accurate to judge, work efficiency is high.
Claims (7)
1. the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of a plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device, comprise host computer, lower computer system, displacement transducer, plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, horizontal table, highly gather lower computer system and host computer two-way communication, it is characterized in that: also include precision measurement mechanism, symmetrical measurement subsystem and pressure survey subsystem, ccd video camera in symmetrical measurement subsystem is installed in precision measurement mechanism, the camera lens of ccd video camera is the position to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17) just, information and image capture module (10) two-way communication that ccd video camera (9) gathers, image capture module (10) and host computer (11) two-way communication, the contact of the grating displacement sensor (15) in pressure survey subsystem is positioned at the top of sensitive element (17), sensitive element when measurement (17) is positioned on precise rotating platform (18) center, precise rotating platform (18) is installed on horizontal table (1), be sent to and highly gather in lower computer system (12) by grating displacement sensor (15) collection displacement information, process through highly gathering lower computer system (12), host computer (11) is processed and is calculated and to sentence read result all image informations, displacement information.
2. the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element according to claim 1 device, it is characterized in that: on horizontal table (1), go back the mounting bracket (16) of at right angle setting with mounting groove, mounting bracket (16) is the mounting bracket that level is combined with vertical stratification, on level and vertical support frame all with mounting groove, by the horizontal stand of mounting bracket (16), horizontal direction stepper motor (20) is installed on the horizontal stand termination of mounting bracket (16), screw mandrel stepper motor (21) is installed on horizontal stand one side of mounting bracket (16) by connecting elements, grating displacement sensor (15) is installed on the working shaft of grating displacement sensor installing mechanism, grating displacement sensor installing mechanism is fixed on guide rail slide unit (13) by grating guide-rail coupling member (14), guide rail slide unit (13) by guide rails assembling in the mounting groove of the horizontal stand of mounting bracket (16), make zero or aim at measuring point by regulating the horizontal stand of mounting bracket (16) and the center, contact of guide rail slide unit (13) assurance adjustment grating displacement sensor (15), drag link mechanism (19) connects respectively test probe and the guide rail slide unit of grating displacement sensor (15).
3. the pressure interpretation device that plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element according to claim 2 is measured automatically, it is characterized in that: horizontal table (1) is installed on base (5) by monosymmetric feet (23), form test job table frame, turntable stepper motor (2) is installed in table frame, shaft coupling (26), driver (4), power supply (3), gear drive (7), inlet angle contact bearing (6), precise rotating platform (18), precise rotating platform (18) for top be turntable, bottom is comprised lower bearing end cap (24) and tightened the integrated component of the rotating shaft of round nut (25), turntable stepper motor (2) drives precise rotating platform (18) rotation by shaft coupling (26) driven wheel gear train (7), gear drive (7) wherein adopts gap transmission, power supply (3) is all equipment power supplies.
4. the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element according to claim 3 device, is characterized in that: ccd video camera is installed by the tripod (8) that is fixedly connected on horizontal table (1) avris.
5. the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, it is characterized in that: the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of the plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device based on described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, automatically high after the pressure of measurement sensitive element, contrast sensitive element pressure contrasting data storehouse, automatic Iterative is calculated by measuring pressure size, directly show sentence read result by host computer, its operating process comprises:
The first step: system reset: after energising, the host computer (11) of the automatic gaging pressure interpretation of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element device sends instruction to highly gathering lower computer system (12), all devices resets;
Second step: symmetrical measurement: host computer control ccd video camera (9) photographic images also judges whether plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17) presses partially, first precise rotating platform (18) coordinates ccd video camera (9) to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17), the image information photographing is passed to host computer (11), after host computer (11) utilizes image processing software to process image information, require to judge according to the judgement of plasticity sensitive element (17) symmetry whether plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is pressed partially again, if plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is pressed partially, it is invalid that this plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element is considered as, change plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element and return to the execution first step, partially carried out next step if do not press,
The 3rd step: measuring object is set: plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element has copper post and copper ball, copper post divides again cylindricality copper post and taper copper post, cylindricality copper post measurement point is set to the central point of cylindricality copper post and 4 measurement points is along the circumferential direction at least set, first high before pressure measurement, then high after pressure measurement, deflection is high after pressing for height before pressing deducts; Taper copper post measurement point is set to central point, and high after pressure measurement, deflection is that before known pressure, height deducts the rear height of pressure; Copper ball only needs after the pressure of measured center point high, and deflection is that before known pressure, height deducts after pressing high;
The 4th step: high measurement after pressing: tested plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17) is positioned over to center on precise rotating platform (18) table top, when plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17) is taper copper post or copper ball, read plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17) center and press rear high data, grating displacement sensor (15) transmits host computer (11) by displacement information by highly gathering lower computer system (12); When plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17) is cylindricality copper post, then precise rotating platform (18) rotation is controlled in interlock again, grating displacement sensor (15) is displaced to each measuring point of setting, each measuring point is got five data, and grating displacement sensor (15) is averaged displacement information to catch bit machine (11) by highly being gathered lower computer system (12);
The 5th step: host computer (11) obtains satisfactory sensitive element (17) and presses rear height or deflection, can directly be connected with sensitive element database, and by corresponding specification, batch this sensitive element of the direct iterative computation of tabulating model (17) of sensitive element (17) by measuring pressure size, directly show sentence read result by host computer (11).
6. the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: precise rotating platform in second step (18) coordinates ccd video camera (9) to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element (17), refer to that highly gathering slave computer main control unit control turntable stepper motor (2) drives precise rotating platform (18) to rotate, coordinate ccd video camera (9) to carry out omnidirectional shooting to plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element, precise rotating platform (18) rotates a fixed angle, take once, after rotating a circle, the image information photographing is passed to host computer (11), realize comprehensive measurement.
7. the automatic gaging pressure interpretation method of plasticity pressure measurement sensitive element according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the fixed angle that turntable rotates or be 72 degree, or is 60 degree, or is 45 degree.
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| CN102798496B (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-04-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for measuring pressure in rotating state |
| CN102840948B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-02-12 | 长庆石油勘探局技术监测中心 | Batch calibration equipment and batch calibration method for intelligent pointer-type pressure gages |
| CN106289636A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-01-04 | 南京卓砾智测控技术有限公司 | Plasticity pressure measurement equipment high/low temperature Quasi-dynamic calibration device based on compressor mode |
| CN109238560A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-18 | 西安近代化学研究所 | 14.5cm3Standard screw-in manograph mirror choosing method |
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