CN102538941A - Device and method for conventional balance to measure natural frequency of cantilever supported model in wind tunnel - Google Patents
Device and method for conventional balance to measure natural frequency of cantilever supported model in wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device for natural frequency of a wind tunnel model and a method utilizing the device to measure, and particularly discloses a device and a method for a conventional balance to measure the natural frequency of a cantilever supported model in the wind tunnel, which aim to solve the problems of the prior art that the operation is complicated, the efficiency is low, the measurement is incorrect and the cost is high. When the cantilever supported model in the wind tunnel is excited by a certain vibration, a damped vibration is produced, at the same time the corresponding component of the balance can sense the vibration signal, the data collecting system and the data collecting software continuously collect the output signals of the conventional balance, and the signal processing software analyzes and processes the component signals of the balance, so as to calculate the natural frequencies of the model and the supporting system. The device and the method sufficiently utilize the wind tunnel conventional testing equipment to calculate the natural frequency of the cantilever supported model, have the characteristics that the operation is convenient, the running is reliable, the efficiency is high, and the value measurement is correct and reliable, and can be applied to all the conventional wind tunnels.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to a kind of wind tunnel model natural frequency measurement, device and utilize this device to measure particularly relates to a kind of device that conventional balance measures the natural frequency of cantilever support model in the wind-tunnel and method of utilizing this device to measure utilized.
Background technology
Wind-tunnel is the cradle of the various aerospace flight vehicles of development; And various dummy vehicles adopt the cantilever support mode to carry out dynamometry and other test in wind tunnel test mostly; But adopt the model of cantilever support in wind tunnel test, to be easy to generate vibration, test figure is brought disturbed and influence.In order to overcome interference, to get rid of influence, need measure the natural frequency of model under the cantilever support state.At present; The method of domestic wind-tunnel measurements cantilever support model natural frequency; Normally adopt special-purpose Vibration-Measuring System to measure, conventional Vibration-Measuring System mainly is made up of acceleration transducer, power hammer, high-speed data acquistion system and signal processing analysis software etc.During test earlier degree of will speed up sensor be fixed in the model cavity by test request or the surface; Firmly hammer knocks model then; Make it produce vibration; In the high-speed data acquistion system collection model cavity or the signal of surface acceleration sensor, signal processing analysis software is obtained the natural frequency of model through in the model cavity or the analyzing and processing of surface acceleration sensor signal.
The major defect of existing wind-tunnel natural frequency measuring technology is:
Need vibration survey of acquisition price expensive dedicated and analytical equipment; The difficult installation of acceleration transducer.Acceleration transducer takes two kinds of methods to install usually; A kind of is in the model cavity, to install; Another kind is to be fixed on model surface, in the model cavity, installs, and needs to reserve sensor in the installing space of model inside and the space of cable conductor cabling; This can increase model and pole difficulty of design, can can't realize also that sometimes sensor installs in the model cavity because of many restrictive conditions of model or pole; When acceleration transducer is fixed on model surface, its cable can be impeded model influences model free vibration, profile that also can the damage model surface; Use cost is high.Owing to the loading and unloading acceleration transducer, connect the special-purpose Vibration-Measuring System of debugging and all can increase many work,, make the testing cost rising of accomplishing a model natural frequency so waste time and energy and to take the wind-tunnel time long; The test result influence factor is many.The method or changed the mass distribution of model, or just have cable to impede model, these 2 can cause that all a spot of change takes place the model natural frequency, therefore can reduce the precision that natural frequency is measured.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve complex operation in the prior art, efficient is low, measurement is inaccurate and cost is high problem; A kind of device and method that utilizes cantilever support model natural frequency in the conventional balance measurement wind-tunnel is provided; This device and method makes full use of the natural frequency that wind-tunnel conventional test testing of equipment goes out the cantilever support model; Have need not increase purchase and install specialized equipment and easy and simple to handle, reliable, efficient is high, measured value waits characteristics accurately and reliably, conventional wind-tunnel all can use.
For achieving the above object; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the device of cantilever support model natural frequency in the conventional balance measurement wind-tunnel; Comprise joint, pole, conventional balance, balance outgoing cable, model, signal conditioner, wind tunnel data acquisition system, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, rubber hammer, data continuous acquisition software, discrete data spectrum analysis software and cable; Wherein pole is connected on the joint; Conventional balance is installed on the pole; Wind tunnel model and conventional balance are equipped; Balance outgoing cable one end connects conventional balance, and an end is connected with signal conditioner, and signal conditioner is used to handle the signal of conventional balance and through cable signal conveys is arrived the wind tunnel data acquisition system; The data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter is connected with the wind tunnel data acquisition system through cable and is used for monitoring management wind tunnel data acquisition system; Data continuous acquisition software setting is used to realize the simulating signal of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition on the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, discrete data spectrum analysis software setting on the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, be used for to continuous acquisition to the balance signal data carry out the spectrum curve that signal was calculated and obtained in spectrum analysis, the rubber hammer is positioned at all directions that modal position is used to knock model.
Utilize said apparatus to measure the method for cantilever support model natural frequency in the wind-tunnel, comprise the following steps:
A, model and conventional balance are installed in the wind-tunnel by the conventional test requirement, and the filtering that is connected to the signal conditioner of conventional balance is set to not filtering output or is broadband output;
B, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree, the data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter, and the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is gathered and is saved as static balance data after finishing;
C, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree; Data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter once more, the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is after the startup; Knock model above-head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration; After the vibration damping, stop to gather, save as and vertically knock the balance data;
D, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree; Data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter once more, the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is after the startup; Knock model left side of head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration; After the vibration damping, stop to gather, save as and laterally knock the balance data;
E, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree; Data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter once more, the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is after the startup; Knock model port wing upper center position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce the lift-over vibration; After the vibration damping, stop to gather, save as lift-over and knock the balance data;
F, startup discrete data spectrum analysis software carry out spectrum analysis to above-mentioned four continuous acquisition data; The result save as respectively static balance spectrum results, vertically knock balance Mz unit spectrum results, laterally knock balance My unit spectrum results, balance Mx unit spectrum results is knocked in lift-over, wherein static balance spectrum results comprises static balance Mz unit spectrum results, static balance My unit spectrum results, static balance Mx unit spectrum results;
G, comparative analysis: obtain the residual quantity of vertically knocking balance Mz unit's spectrum results and static balance Mz unit spectrum results, be the natural frequency of model extensional vibration; Obtain the residual quantity of laterally knocking balance My unit's spectrum results and static balance My unit spectrum results, be the natural frequency of model transverse vibration; Obtain lift-over and knock the residual quantity of balance Mx unit's spectrum results and static balance Mx unit spectrum results, be model lift-over direction Natural Frequency of Vibration.
In technique scheme, among the said step b, the time T of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is got 3~6 exciting damped cycles, and promptly the continuous acquisition time T was got 100 seconds.
In technique scheme; Among the said step c, the time of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is 100 seconds, and is starting continuous acquisition after 3 seconds~10 seconds; Knock model above-head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration; Knock twice, be about for 15 seconds interval time, save as after collection finishes and vertically knock the balance data.
In technique scheme; In the said steps d, the time of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is 100 seconds, and is starting continuous acquisition after 3 seconds~10 seconds; Knock model left side of head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration; Knock twice, be about for 15 seconds interval time, save as after collection finishes and laterally knock the balance data.
In technique scheme; Among the said step e, the time of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is 100 seconds, and is starting continuous acquisition after 3 seconds~10 seconds; Knock model port wing upper center position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce the lift-over vibration; Knock twice, be about for 15 seconds interval time, save as lift-over after collection finishes and knock the balance data.
In technique scheme; In the said step g; Obtain the residual quantity of knocking balance spectrum results and static balance spectrum results; Its method is that two spectrum curves subtract each other in the same frequency position amplitude, if the maximum residual quantity of amplitude is more than 3 times of average residual quantity, then the pairing frequency of maximum residual quantity of amplitude is this direction Natural Frequency of Vibration of model.
In technique scheme, the simulating signal of the conventional balance of said data continuous acquisition software continuous acquisition, its sampling rate is 300~1000Hz.
Can find out that from each item technical characterictic of the invention described above its advantage is:
The vibration-testing and the analytical equipment that do not need expensive special use, a conventional day gentle collecting device that only needs conventional dynamometer check to use gets final product;
During test, need not save the process that acceleration transducer is installed at the inner or outside acceleration transducer of installing of model;
The mass distribution that the method does not change model does not have cable to impede model yet, and state consistency is better during with wind tunnel test, so test result is more precisely reliable;
Compare with classic method, test simple and efficiently, time saving and energy saving, efficient obviously improves;
Method of testing of the present invention is to make full use of the natural frequency that wind-tunnel conventional test testing of equipment goes out the cantilever support model, have easy and simple to handle, reliable, efficient is high, measured value waits characteristics accurately and reliably, conventional wind-tunnel all can use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is measurement mechanism of the present invention and principle schematic thereof;
The 4th, balance outgoing cable 5 is that model 6 is signal conditioners
The 7th, wind tunnel data acquisition system 8 is data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuters
The 9th, rubber hammer 10 is a data continuous acquisition software
The 11st, discrete data spectrum analysis software 12 is cables.
Embodiment
Below through specific embodiment and combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is done further explanation:
As shown in Figure 1; The device of cantilever support model natural frequency in the conventional balance measurement wind-tunnel of the present invention; Comprise joint, pole, conventional balance, balance outgoing cable, model, signal conditioner, wind tunnel data acquisition system, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, rubber hammer, data continuous acquisition software, discrete data spectrum analysis software and cable; Wherein pole is connected on the joint; Conventional balance is installed on the pole; Wind tunnel model and conventional balance are equipped; Balance outgoing cable one end connects conventional balance, and an end is connected with signal conditioner, and signal conditioner is used to handle the signal of conventional balance and through cable signal conveys is arrived the wind tunnel data acquisition system; The data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter is connected with the wind tunnel data acquisition system through cable and is used for monitoring management wind tunnel data acquisition system; Data continuous acquisition software setting is used to realize the simulating signal of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition on the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, off-line data spectrum analysis software setting on the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, be used for to continuous acquisition to the balance signal data carry out the spectrum curve that signal was calculated and obtained in spectrum analysis, the rubber hammer is positioned at all directions that the top of model is used to knock model.
The principle that the present invention measures is: like Fig. 1; After the model of cantilever support in the wind-tunnel receives certain vibrational excitation; Can produce a damped vibration, the respective component of balance can be experienced this vibration signal simultaneously, and data acquisition system (DAS) is the output signal of the conventional balance of data continuous acquisition software continuous acquisition; Signal processing analysis software carries out analyzing and processing to each component signal of balance, obtains the natural frequency of model and support system thereof.In the present invention, conventional balance is installed in the inner energy measurement of model and is carried in power and the sensor device of moment on the model body when being meant the conventional dynamometer check of wind-tunnel, six components are generally arranged; Be respectively the Y of lift unit, the Mz of pitching moment unit, the X of resistance unit; The Mx of rolling moment unit, the Z of side force unit, the My of yawing unit; When the signal filtering amplifier that said signal conditioner is promptly conventional, conventional dynamometer check, need the balance signal be carried out the filter amplifying processing setting; And when measuring the natural frequency of cantilever support model in the present invention, only the balance signal is amplified, do not make Filtering Processing; The wind tunnel data acquisition system, the A/D converting system of gathering Flow Field in Wind Tunnel parameter sensors signal, conventional balance signal and model attitude angle transducer signal when being meant wind tunnel test; Data continuous acquisition running software can be realized the data acquisition of sampling rate from 300Hz~1000Hz on the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter; Discrete data spectrum analysis software can carry out spectrum analysis to the balance data that collect and calculate, and obtains the spectrum curve of signal.
When utilizing said apparatus to measure, its process is:
Pole is installed on the joint, conventional balance is installed on the pole, conventional balance outgoing cable is connected on the signal conditioner, model is installed on the conventional balance;
The adjustment model attitude makes the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle be equal to zero degree;
The filtering that setting is connected to the signal conditioner of conventional balance is set to not filtering output or is broadband output;
The model transfixion, the data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter first, the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal 100 seconds is gathered and is saved as static balance data after finishing;
The data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter for the second time; The conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal 100 seconds; But when starting continuous acquisition after 3~10 seconds; Knock about 15 seconds of twice, twice interval time of model above-head position with the rubber hammer, gather to save as after finishing and vertically knock the balance data;
Data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter for the third time; The conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal 100 seconds; But when starting continuous acquisition after 3~10 seconds, knock the model left side of head, knock twice with the rubber hammer; Twice about 15 seconds of interval time, save as after collection finishes and laterally knock the balance data;
Data continuous acquisition software on the 4th log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter; The conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal 100 seconds; But when starting continuous acquisition after 3~10 seconds, knock model port wing upper center, knock twice with the rubber hammer; Twice about 15 seconds of interval time, save as lift-over after collection finishes and knock the balance data;
Start discrete data spectrum analysis software above-mentioned 4 continuous acquisition data carried out spectrum analysis, the result save as respectively static balance spectrum results, vertically knock balance Mz unit spectrum results, laterally knock balance My unit spectrum results, balance Mx unit spectrum results is knocked in lift-over;
The residual quantity of vertically knocking balance Mz unit's spectrum results and static balance Mz unit spectrum results is obtained in comparative analysis, is model extensional vibration natural frequency;
The residual quantity of laterally knocking balance My unit's spectrum results and static balance My unit spectrum results is obtained in comparative analysis, is model transverse vibration natural frequency;
The residual quantity that balance Mx unit's spectrum results and static balance Mx unit spectrum results are knocked in lift-over is obtained in comparative analysis, is model lift-over direction vibration natural frequency.
Disclosed all characteristics in this instructions except mutually exclusive characteristic, all can make up by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary characteristic in this instructions (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing) is only if special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, only if special narration, each characteristic is an example in a series of equivalences or the similar characteristics.
Claims (8)
1. the device of cantilever support model natural frequency in the conventional balance measurement wind-tunnel; It is characterized in that comprising joint, pole, conventional balance, balance outgoing cable, model, signal conditioner, wind tunnel data acquisition system, data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, rubber hammer, data continuous acquisition software, discrete data spectrum analysis software and cable; Wherein pole is connected on the joint; Conventional balance is installed on the pole; Wind tunnel model and conventional balance are equipped; Balance outgoing cable one end connects conventional balance; One end is connected with signal conditioner; Signal conditioner is used to nurse one's health the signal of conventional balance and through cable signal conveys is arrived the wind tunnel data acquisition system, and the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter is connected with the wind tunnel data acquisition system through cable and is used for monitoring management wind tunnel data acquisition system, and data continuous acquisition software setting is used to realize the simulating signal of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition on the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter; Discrete data spectrum analysis software setting on the data acquisition system (DAS) supervisory control comuter, be used for to continuous acquisition to the balance signal data carry out the spectrum curve that signal was calculated and drew in spectrum analysis, the rubber hammer is positioned at all directions that modal position is used to knock model.
2. utilize said apparatus to measure the method for cantilever support model natural frequency in the wind-tunnel, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, model and conventional balance are installed in the wind-tunnel by the conventional test requirement, and the filtering that is connected to the signal conditioner of conventional balance is set to not filtering output or is broadband output;
B, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree, the data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter, and the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is gathered and is saved as static balance data after finishing;
C, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree; Data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter once more, the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is after the startup; Knock model above-head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration; After the vibration damping, stop to gather, save as and vertically knock the balance data;
D, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree; Data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter once more, the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is after the startup; Knock model left side of head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration; After the vibration damping, stop to gather, save as and laterally knock the balance data;
E, model place the angle of attack, yaw angle, roll angle to be the state of zero degree; Data continuous acquisition software on the log-on data acquisition system supervisory control comuter once more, the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is after the startup; Knock model port wing upper center position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce the lift-over vibration; After the vibration damping, stop to gather, save as lift-over and knock the balance data;
F, startup discrete data spectrum analysis software carry out spectrum analysis to above-mentioned four continuous acquisition data; The result save as respectively static balance spectrum results, vertically knock balance Mz unit spectrum results, laterally knock balance My unit spectrum results, balance Mx unit spectrum results is knocked in lift-over, wherein static balance spectrum results comprises static balance Mz unit spectrum results, static balance My unit spectrum results, static balance Mx unit spectrum results;
G, comparative analysis: obtain the residual quantity of vertically knocking balance Mz unit's spectrum results and static balance Mz unit spectrum results, be the natural frequency of model extensional vibration; Obtain the residual quantity of laterally knocking balance My unit's spectrum results and static balance My unit spectrum results, be the natural frequency of model transverse vibration; Obtain lift-over and knock the residual quantity of balance Mx unit's spectrum results and static balance Mx unit spectrum results, be model lift-over direction Natural Frequency of Vibration.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that among the said step b, and the time T of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is got 3~6 exciting damped cycles, and promptly the continuous acquisition time T was got 100 seconds.
4. method according to claim 3; It is characterized in that among the said step c that the time of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is 100 seconds, and is starting continuous acquisition after 3~10 seconds; Knock model above-head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce extensional vibration; Knock twice, be 15 seconds interval time, saves as after collection finishes and vertically knock the balance data.
5. method according to claim 4; It is characterized in that in the said steps d that the time of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is 100 seconds, and is starting continuous acquisition after 3~10 seconds; Knock model left side of head position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce transverse vibration; Knock twice, be 15 seconds interval time, saves as after collection finishes and laterally knock the balance data.
6. method according to claim 5; It is characterized in that among the said step e that the time of the conventional balance output of continuous acquisition signal is 100 seconds, and is starting continuous acquisition after 3~10 seconds; Knock model port wing upper center position with the rubber hammer and make it to produce the lift-over vibration; Knock twice, be 15 seconds interval time, saves as lift-over after collection finishes and knock the balance data.
7. according to the described method of claim 2-6; It is characterized in that in the said step g; Obtain the residual quantity of knocking balance spectrum results and static balance spectrum results; Its method is that two spectrum curves subtract each other in the same frequency position amplitude, if the maximum residual quantity of amplitude is more than 3 times of average residual quantity, then the pairing frequency of maximum residual quantity of amplitude is this direction Natural Frequency of Vibration.
8. according to the said method of claim 7, it is characterized in that the simulating signal of the conventional balance of said data continuous acquisition software continuous acquisition, its sampling rate is 300~1000Hz.
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CN103940577A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-23 | 西南交通大学 | Wind tunnel test balance assessment method based on acceleration signal energy |
CN106126915A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 中国人民解放军63820部队吸气式高超声速技术研究中心 | A kind of Forecasting Methodology of wind-tunnel balance vibration signal stationary value |
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CN108362463A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-08-03 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | The outer pendant experimental rig of supersonic wind tunnel |
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CN116952524A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-27 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | High-speed wind tunnel dynamic derivative test monitoring method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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