CN102538768A - Method for measuring water depth of shallow sea based on double-frequency high-frequency ground wave radar - Google Patents

Method for measuring water depth of shallow sea based on double-frequency high-frequency ground wave radar Download PDF

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CN102538768A
CN102538768A CN2012100055429A CN201210005542A CN102538768A CN 102538768 A CN102538768 A CN 102538768A CN 2012100055429 A CN2012100055429 A CN 2012100055429A CN 201210005542 A CN201210005542 A CN 201210005542A CN 102538768 A CN102538768 A CN 102538768A
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water depth
wave radar
orientation
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CN102538768B (en
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吴雄斌
刘斌
李伦
徐新安
沈志奔
陈骁峰
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Wuhan University WHU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the water depth of a shallow sea based on a double-frequency high-frequency ground wave radar. According to the method, the water depth of the shallow sea is measured by using the double-frequency high-frequency ground wave radar. Under the condition of shallow water, the water depth influences a sea surface radial flow detection result, and the position of a Bragg peak approaches a zero frequency along with the reduction of the water depth. On the basis of the influence, a new monotone function about the water depth is constructed, and the water depth is calculated according to the measurement result of Doppler frequency shift of the sea surface radial flow of the same position by using two working frequencies of the double-frequency high-frequency ground wave radar. The technical scheme provides a new method for detecting the water depth, the double-frequency high-frequency ground wave radar can measure the water depth of the shallow sea during sea dynamic element detection; and the water depth of shallow water with a large area can be detected; and an operation amount is low, and the method is high in accuracy and robustness.

Description

A kind of shallow water depth measuring method based on the double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar
Technical field
The present invention relates to the radargrammetry field, especially a kind of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar that utilizes carries out the method that shallow water depth is measured.
Background technology
Shallow water depth is measured has crucial meaning to the burying underground of shallow sea petroleum exploration and exploitation, pipeline under the ocean and communication cable, maritime traffic transportation and sea fishery, sea-farming, coastal waters economy and ocean rescue etc.Traditional oceanic sounding technology is to be platform with the ship, adopts sonar technique to carry out.Since the restriction of time and funds, and have the unapproachable area of ship, make traditional Bathymetric Technology receive certain restriction in wide offshore sea waters.People are seeking a kind of not only fast but also cheap shallow water depth measuring method always.
Development along with remote sensing technology; It is progressively full-fledged to utilize seawater visible spectral remote sensing reflectivity, the brightness of the high-spectrum remote-sensing width of cloth to carry out the satellite remote sensing technology of bathymetric survey; But this technology can only be carried out on limpid marine site and daytime at water colour, uses to receive very big restriction.In addition; Satellite-borne SAR also becomes one of important technical of satellite ocean remote sensing observation; It through with the approaching extra large surface micro dimensional resonance of operation wavelength measure the sea backscatter signal amplitude and time phase information; Produce the high-resolution remote sensing image that characterizes the sea backscatter intensity and carry out depth of water inverting, but the prerequisite of SAR shallow sea terrain remote sensing imaging is to have than the existence of tide race and the generation of surface micro yardstick ripple.
High-frequency ground wave radar is the new technology that grow up over nearly 40 years round-the-clock, large tracts of land are surveyed ocean surface dynamics key element and Ship Target.Its ultimate principle of surveying the ocean surface radial flow is according to the single order marine echo electromagnetic scattering theory that Barrick proposes the backscattering echo that receives to be carried out Estimation of Spatial Spectrum to extract current direction information.Yet at shallow sea area, deep water conditions can not be met, and can the result of detection of ocean surface radial flow be exerted an influence.
Summary of the invention
The present invention utilizes that the depth of water has proposed a kind of shallow water depth measuring method based on the double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar to the influence of ocean surface radial flow result of detection under the shallow water condition.
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of shallow water depth measuring method based on the double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1; If the frequency of operation of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar is <img file=" 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " /> and <img file=" 586847DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " />; Wherein <img file=" 933515DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " ><img file=" 408359DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " />; Confirm a monotonic quantity <img file=" 955685DEST_PATH_IMAGE004.GIF " he=" 22 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 36 " /> according to frequency of operation <img file=" 256533DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " /> and <img file=" 438116DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " />, as shown in the formula one about the depth of water <img file=" 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003.GIF " he=" 20 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 14 " />
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Wherein,
Figure 917824DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is acceleration of gravity, and is the light velocity;
Step 2; Two frequency of operation of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar
Figure 546252DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
and
Figure 582341DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
measure the Doppler shift of same position ocean surface radial flow respectively; Utilize the value of result of detection calculating monotonic quantity
Figure 270811DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, as shown in the formula two
Figure 94148DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Wherein,
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency
Figure 260688DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
detection,
Figure 479179DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
be the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency
Figure 338551DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
detection;
Step 3; According to value and the formula one of step 2 gained monotonic quantity
Figure 947387DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, obtain the depth of water
Figure 183196DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
.
Advantage of the present invention is: proposed a kind of method of new detection shallow water depth, made the double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar in the measurement of carrying out just realizing when the ocean dynamics key element is surveyed shallow water depth; Can carry out the large-area shallow water depth of water and survey, operand is little, has precision and robustness preferably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention function synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Key of the present invention is according to new monotonic quantity about the depth of water of frequency of operation structure, utilizes two frequencies that the result of detection of the ocean surface radial flow of same position is carried out the depth of water and calculates.
Under deep water conditions, the stack that real sea can be decomposed into sinusoidal wave train composition with the mode of similar Fourier conversion.For bank base high-frequency ground wave radar; Wavelength
Figure 256194DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
equals the half the wave of radar wave wavelength can produce the strongest back scattering to electric wave; The propagation phase velocity of this row wave is confirmed; The words that phase velocity is confirmed; It is exactly what confirm to the Doppler shift that electromagnetic wave produced, and its Doppler shift is called Bragg peak (single order peak), and its size does
(1)
Wherein
Figure 286467DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is acceleration of gravity;
Figure 444916DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is the light velocity, and is the radar frequency of operation.
Because the effect of all kinds of physics, chemical process; Always there is ocean current to exist on the sea; Ocean current is as the mass motion of seawater, adds one by small frequency deviation that flow velocity caused on the basis of the more greatly fixedly frequency displacement that can be said be caused by the wave propagation phase velocity in the above again, away from the velocity component of radar the Bragg peak squinted to the negative frequency direction; Velocity component near radar makes the Bragg peak to the skew of positive frequency direction, just can obtain the size of ocean current radial velocity through measuring this frequency deviation.The Doppler shift that is caused by flow velocity radially does
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
(2)
Wherein
Figure 84025DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
is flow velocity radially, away from radar for just.
The Doppler shift at Bragg peak does so
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
(3)
The amount that high-frequency ground wave radar is directly measured is
Figure 222882DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
, just can obtain radially flow velocity through (3) formula then.Radially the direction of flow velocity can be measured through super-resolution algorithms such as MUSIC, at first the covariance matrix of structure spectrum point
Figure 118343DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
(4)
Wherein For
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Matrix (spectrum point
Figure 600326DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
The reception data), NBe the array antenna number, KBe the sampling frame number, HExpression is carried out conjugate transpose to matrix.Then covariance matrix
Figure 671050DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
is carried out feature decomposition and obtain noise subspace
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
; Realize measurement of bearing through the minimum optimization algorithm at last, its formula does
Figure 786773DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(5)
Wherein
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
is steering vector, expression make the variate-value of objective function
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
when getting minimum value;
Figure 169530DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
minimum value for finding by bearing search, the corresponding angle of minimum value is radially flow velocity orientation.The formula that the MUSIC spectrum is estimated does
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
(6)
Wherein
Figure 524288DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
is the inverse of ;
Figure 475036DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
obtains maximal value when getting minimum value as
Figure 761158DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
, and the corresponding angle of this maximal value is radially flow velocity orientation.
The shallow water condition in present technique field refers generally to
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
; Wherein
Figure 582670DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the depth of water,
Figure 102513DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
be the corresponding wavelength of frequency of operation.
Under the shallow water condition; Because the effect in seawater and seabed can not be ignored; The Bragg peak is except outside the Pass having with frequency of operation
Figure 651306DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
; Also relevant with the depth of water
Figure 801664DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
, its size
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
does
Figure 131014DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
(7)
The Doppler shift at Bragg peak under the shallow water condition
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
does
(8)
When depth condition is unknown, just can not try to achieve radially flow velocity
Figure 857848DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
through (8) formula.
Suppose to have a bank base double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar to be erected at the seashore, its frequency of operation is respectively and
Figure 605541DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
and satisfies
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
.
When the depth of water of search coverage satisfies the shallow water condition of a frequency of operation at least with regard to the energy measurement depth of water, promptly
Figure 732766DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
(9)
Where
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
is the frequency
Figure 318468DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
corresponding wavelengths.
The depth of water of a certain bin in sea is ; Satisfy the bathymetric survey condition; Radially flow velocity is
Figure 786676DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
, by (8) Shi Kede
Figure 327378DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
(10)
Figure 2012100055429100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
(11)
Wherein,
Figure 767587DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency
Figure 368333DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
detection,
Figure 893992DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
be the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency
Figure 300702DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
detection.
Order
Figure 798680DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
(12)
By (10 ~ 12) Shi Kede
Figure 304747DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
(13)
Figure 19500DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is the monotonic quantity about the depth of water.When
Figure 26639DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
=6MHz,
Figure 527195DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
=12MHz; The functional arrangement of
Figure 204164DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is as shown in Figure 1; Wherein horizontal ordinate is the depth of water (unit is m), the value (unit be Hz) of ordinate for
Figure 704415DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
.
Embodiment comprises that step is following:
Step 1; If the frequency of operation of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar is <img file=" 452928DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " /> and <img file=" 659919DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " />; Wherein <img file=" 835685DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " ><img file=" 885550DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " />; Confirm a monotonic quantity <img file=" 992866DEST_PATH_IMAGE004.GIF " he=" 22 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 36 " /> according to frequency of operation <img file=" 172174DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " /> and <img file=" 499251DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " /> about the depth of water <img file=" 845918DEST_PATH_IMAGE003.GIF " he=" 20 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 14 " />, suc as formula (13):
Figure 83182DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Wherein,
Figure 264764DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is acceleration of gravity, and
Figure 782333DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is the light velocity.
Step 2; Two frequency of operation of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar
Figure 682156DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
and measure the Doppler shift of same position ocean surface radial flow respectively; Utilize measurement result to calculate the value of monotonic quantity
Figure 346673DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, computing formula is suc as formula (12):
Figure 35143DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Wherein,
Figure 156683DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency detection,
Figure 744976DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
be the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency detection.
Step 3; According to value and the formula 13 of step 2 gained monotonic quantity , obtain the depth of water
Figure 121097DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
.
During practical implementation; At first adopt the double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar to measure; Two frequency of operation of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar
Figure 505679DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
and
Figure 473635DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
measure the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of same position respectively; Measurement result is respectively
Figure 569767DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
and
Figure 343688DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
; Value with substitution as a result (12) formula is obtained
Figure 474455DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
can calculate the depth of water
Figure 675629DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
by (13) formula at last.The concrete calculating depth of water
Figure 993478DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
that realizes belongs to mathematical method of the prior art; Can ask the depth of water
Figure 556364DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
through the mode that monotonic quantity
Figure 508773DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
computing function relation table is tabled look-up then; Perhaps find the solution the depth of water
Figure 866122DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
through iterative algorithm, the present invention will not give unnecessary details.
Though the shallow water measuring method that the present invention describes realizes through the double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar, is suitable for too when the frequency of operation number of high-frequency ground wave radar surpasses 2.Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. the shallow water depth measuring method based on the double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1; If the frequency of operation of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar is <img file=" 2012100055429100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " id=" ifm0001 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " /> and <img file=" 617711DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " id=" ifm0002 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " />; Wherein <img file=" 952878DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " id=" ifm0003 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " ><img file=" 744116DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " id=" ifm0004 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " />; Confirm a monotonic quantity <img file=" 889293DEST_PATH_IMAGE004.GIF " he=" 22 " id=" ifm0008 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 36 " /> according to frequency of operation <img file=" 822931DEST_PATH_IMAGE001.GIF " he=" 25 " id=" ifm0005 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " /> and <img file=" 383225DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF " he=" 25 " id=" ifm0006 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 20 " />, as shown in the formula one about the depth of water <img file=" 2012100055429100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE003.GIF " he=" 20 " id=" ifm0007 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 14 " />
Figure 2012100055429100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Wherein,
Figure 167827DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is acceleration of gravity, and
Figure 2012100055429100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is the light velocity;
Step 2; Two frequency of operation of double frequency high-frequency ground wave radar
Figure 112649DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
and
Figure 527450DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
measure the Doppler shift of same position ocean surface radial flow respectively; Utilize the value of result of detection calculating monotonic quantity
Figure 469998DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, as shown in the formula two
Figure 970250DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Wherein,
Figure 2012100055429100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency
Figure 390867DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
detection,
Figure 925754DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
be the Doppler shift of the ocean surface radial flow of frequency
Figure 773624DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
detection;
Step 3; According to value and the formula one of step 2 gained monotonic quantity , obtain the depth of water
Figure 985479DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
.
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CN103293521A (en) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-11 武汉大学 Method for detecting water depth of offshore sea by X-band radar
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CN106291470A (en) * 2016-07-28 2017-01-04 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 A kind of based on the disturbance restraining method of feature during high-frequency ground wave radar ocean current result sky
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CN116500604A (en) * 2023-06-27 2023-07-28 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) Quantitative inversion method and device for water depth

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CN103293521A (en) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-11 武汉大学 Method for detecting water depth of offshore sea by X-band radar
CN104613893A (en) * 2015-02-09 2015-05-13 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 Method for using remote sensing images to measure sand wave water depth
CN104613893B (en) * 2015-02-09 2017-03-15 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 A kind of method that utilization remote sensing images measure the bed ripples depth of water
CN105277926A (en) * 2015-10-12 2016-01-27 中国海洋大学 Remote high-frequency ground-wave radar offshore verification method
CN106291470B (en) * 2016-07-28 2018-08-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 The disturbance restraining method of feature when a kind of ocean current result sky based on high-frequency ground wave radar
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CN111722218A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-09-29 武汉大学 Double-frequency composite waveform high-frequency radar system
CN111722218B (en) * 2020-06-03 2023-04-07 武汉大学 Double-frequency composite waveform high-frequency radar system
CN112799029A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-14 南昌大学 High-frequency ocean radar first-order echo extraction method based on watershed segmentation
CN112799029B (en) * 2020-12-28 2023-10-31 南昌大学 High-frequency marine radar first-order echo extraction method based on watershed segmentation
CN116500604A (en) * 2023-06-27 2023-07-28 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) Quantitative inversion method and device for water depth
CN116500604B (en) * 2023-06-27 2023-08-29 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) Quantitative inversion method and device for water depth

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