CN102538725B - Method and device for measuring laid length of any section of buried cable - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring laid length of any section of buried cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN102538725B CN102538725B CN 201110455517 CN201110455517A CN102538725B CN 102538725 B CN102538725 B CN 102538725B CN 201110455517 CN201110455517 CN 201110455517 CN 201110455517 A CN201110455517 A CN 201110455517A CN 102538725 B CN102538725 B CN 102538725B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for measuring the laid length of any section of a buried cable. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: an output terminal of a terminal machine is connected with a core wire at a certain end of a cable to be measured, and frequency modulation (FM) radio station antennae are erected on the ground to facilitate communication; an on-site machine moves to any point on the ground along the burying direction of the cable to be measured, is electrified to start up, and then starts measuring through off-site coordination by voice; the on-site machine sends time synchronization reference pulses to the off-site terminal machine and receives the synchronization reference pulses and the transmitting reference pulses generated by the triggering of the synchronization reference pulses fed back by the terminal machine by adopting free-space FM waves, so as to determine the transmitting time basic point of the terminal machine in an off-site manner; the on-site machine receives the electromagnetic wave signals generated in a manner that the terminal machine is radiated by the pipeline of the cable to be measured, through an antenna 2, so as to determine the time difference in the transmission of electromagnetic waves from the certain end of the cable to be measured to the point where the on-site machine is located; analysis and compensation are carried out by combining the transmission speed and the error factors of the electromagnetic waves in the cable medium; and the actual laid length of the measured section of the buried cable is displayed and provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of measuring and device thereof to underground cable any section laying length, particularly to power cable, no matter be good cable or the failure cable of operation, when its data is unclear, adopt this device can measure out rapidly cable trace top any point to the actual cable laying length between a certain termination or any two points.
Background technology
In power cable construction and maintenance, usually need to know a certain location point in underground cable or raceway groove cable trace top to the actual laying length at cable termination or top, clearly under the condition, the employing meter counter is measured in the cable burial path; And under the unclear condition in cable burial path, often by experience and the exploratory appraisal of impression.The shortcoming of the method shows two aspects, first existence is not only measured precision and is difficult to satisfy actual needs, and exist implementation process slow and be difficult to determine the actual laying length of location point, particularly have above, the cable trace unclear in data under the complex environment of the inconvenience such as barrier to be difficult to carry out; It two is because most of cable burial is that surplus coiling is arranged more, is difficult to calculating when ground is measured.
Application number is that 200610041725.0 Chinese patent discloses a kind of " measuring method of built-in length of metal pipeline and device thereof ", the method strange land x time determines it is the principle that adopts the synchronous clock comparison of two calibrations, its major defect is higher to the precision of two synchronous clocks and degree of stability and coherence request, and the principle of device circuit is complicated, equipment cost is high, anti-interference is relatively poor, the taming time of clock synchronous is long etc.
Summary of the invention
The production that the present invention be directed to existing patented technology " measuring method of built-in length of metal pipeline and device thereof " with use in the problem that exposes and new principle method and the improved new equipment invented.
For reaching above purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
A kind of method of measuring of underground cable any section laying length is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) the termination machine being measured lead-out terminal is connected with the heart yearn of a certain termination K of tested cable, termination machine ground terminal is connected with tested cable system ground, the frequency modulation intercommunication radio antenna 3 of termination machine sets up ground and is convenient to communication position, the port of will powering access 220V civil power;
(2) open termination electromechanical source switch and make it be in the stand-by operation state, signal classification treatment circuit duty wherein at first is in " conversation " state, changes " measurement " state over to by on-the-spot machine notice again;
(3) on-the-spot machine is moved to ground, any point M top along the direction of burying underground of tested cable, open on-the-spot electromechanical source switch, check and adjust on-the-spot machine frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, make the classification treatment circuit duty switch of on-the-spot machine be in " conversation " state, after at first talking with normally with termination machine duty personnel, the notice one works " measurement " state that changes over to, begun to measure by on-the-spot machine operation key control, the time synchronized basic pulse that on-the-spot machine produces begins counting by each road mistiming counter of cycle T r repeated priming, simultaneously through on-the-spot machine frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and day alignment termination machine transmitting time synchronous base pulse; After the termination machine receives the synchronous base pulse by its antenna and frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, triggering for generating electromagnetic wave measurement signal is launched through tested cable, the synchronous base pulse of shaping and the transmitted reference pulse signal of generation after it receives through the frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and the on-the-spot machine loopback of day alignment of termination machine simultaneously; On-the-spot machine stops respectively the counting of its corresponding mistiming counter behind the synchronous base pulse of its antenna and the reception termination machine loopback of frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and transmitted reference pulse signal, on 1 M in land cable path, measure the counting that receiving circuit receives its mistiming counter of electromagnetic wave measurement signal terminating of tested cable metal pipeline radiation through on-the-spot machine antenna and on-the-spot machine, and automatically read various time difference measurements values and signal waveform sampled value, carry out signal analysis, various error compensations are preserved with data with measuring calculating, export a certain termination K of tested cable to the data of burying actual cable laying length L between direction any point M underground of tested cable through display;
(4) adopt step (1)～(3) method record on-the-spot machine along tested cable bury underground direction move to any another N apart from termination K bury cable physical length L ' underground, the cable length of burying underground that records two points is asked the poor length of burying cable underground between any two points M, N on the direction of burying underground that namely obtains tested cable.
A kind of measuring device that adopts said method, comprise the termination machine that is connected with the heart yearn of a certain termination K of tested cable, along the on-the-spot machine that direction moves to ground, any point M top of burying underground of tested cable, on-the-spot machine comprises that crystal oscillator produces high-frequency signal and send control survey circuit CPU, producing the required high-frequency impulse of sample count, produce the low-frequency cycle through the shaping frequency division through shaping is the time synchronized basic pulse of Tr, send the first frequency modulation intercommunication radio station through first signal classification treatment circuit, by the first antenna transmission;
The termination machine comprises that third antenna and the second frequency modulation intercommunication radio station receive the synchronous base pulse of on-the-spot machine emission, send control circuit through secondary signal classification treatment circuit, the transmitted reference pulse that control circuit is produced by the synchronous base trigger action that receives, power ratio control source circuit and measure radiating circuit through tested cable socket K emitting electromagnetic wave measuring-signal is simultaneously through the synchronous base pulse of secondary signal classification treatment circuit, the second frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and third antenna shaping after its reception of on-the-spot machine loopback and the transmitted reference pulse of triggering for generating;
On-the-spot machine receives synchronous base pulse and the transmitted reference pulse of termination machine loopback through the first antenna and the first frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, send control survey circuit CPU through first signal classification treatment circuit again, on-the-spot machine is through the second antenna and measure the electromagnetic wave measurement signal that receiving circuit receives tested cable radiation, send control survey circuit CPU, CPU carries out each time difference measurements, sampled signal analysis and error compensation, finally send display to export tested cable socket K to the physical length L data of laying between on-the-spot machine M point of living in.
In the said apparatus, described on-the-spot machine comprises memory and communication port, and through operation keyboard control, memory is used for preserving signal waveform and the computational data that records, and communication port is used for will being kept at signal waveform and the computational data printing of memory or calling.
Described termination machine separates and combiner circuit with the signal classification treatment circuit employing time domain in the on-the-spot machine, and " conversation " wherein switched the conversation of frequency modulation communication transfer or measured synchronization pulse by the control of alternative bidirectional analog switch with " measurement " two kinds of duties.This classification treatment circuit also can adopt frequency domain to separate and combiner circuit, the conversation of frequency modulation communication transfer separates with the summing amplifier frequency domain and synthesizes through high and low pass filter with the measurement synchronization pulse, no longer needs independent setting " conversation " and " measurement " two kinds of duty switches.
Compared with prior art, measuring method of the present invention has thoroughly been abandoned the strange land x time cardinal point determination method by two clock synchronous principles, adopt and pass through the free space frequency-modulated wave to strange land equipment transmitting time synchronous base pulse, the time synchronized basic pulse that receives strange land equipment loopback and the transmitted reference pulse of its triggering for generating, and then the new method of x time basic point is determined in the strange land.Frequency modulation intercommunication radio station is for realizing time domain or the frequency-region signal classification handling principle of conversation from the strange land transmitting function of measuring the different purposes signals of synchronizing pulse two classes.Have and accurately to measure the arbitrary specified point of underground cable to actual laying length, the fast and simple advantage of use of underground cable between a certain end points or wantonly two specified points.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the work synoptic diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the related measuring device of the inventive method.Wherein (a) figure is termination machine structured flowchart; (b) figure is on-the-spot machine structured flowchart.
Fig. 3 is two instantiation schematic diagrams of signal classification treatment circuit among Fig. 2.Wherein (a) figure is that time domain is separated and the combiner circuit schematic diagram; (b) figure is that frequency domain separates and the combiner circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the inventive method time measurement pulse concerns synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the related underground cable measuring device of the inventive method is comprised of termination machine and on-the-spot machine two parts.By the contact of wireless frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, frequency modulation intercommunication radio station is used for realizing to conversation and the strange land transmitting function of measuring the different purposes signals of synchronizing pulse two classes between termination machine and the on-the-spot machine.
Measure step:
(1) by shown in Figure 1 termination machine measurement lead-out terminal is connected with the heart yearn of a certain termination K of tested cable, termination machine ground terminal is connected with tested cable system ground, termination machine frequency modulation intercommunication radio antenna 3 sets up ground and is convenient to communication position, the port of will powering access 220V civil power;
(2) opening termination electromechanical source switch is in it to treat duty (to adopting Fig. 3 structure one signal classification treatment circuit, the duty switch at first is in " conversation " state, notifies " measurement " state that changes over to again by on-the-spot machine);
(3) on-the-spot machine is moved to as shown in fig. 1 ground, any point M top along the direction of burying underground of tested cable, turn on the power switch, check that adjusting frequency modulation intercommunication radio station makes dialogue normal rear (to adopting Fig. 3 structure one signal classification treatment circuit, the duty switch be in " conversation " state at first with termination machine duty personnel talk with normal after, the notice one works " measurement " state that changes over to), begun to measure by operating key control, the time synchronized basic pulse that on-the-spot machine produces begins counting by each road mistiming counter of cycle T r repeated priming, simultaneously through frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and antenna 1 to being termination machine transmitting time synchronous base pulse in the air; After the termination machine receives the synchronous base pulse by its antenna 3 and frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, by its triggering for generating electromagnetic wave measurement signal through tested cable launch, simultaneously through the synchronous base pulse of frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and antenna 3 shaping after its reception of on-the-spot machine loopback and the transmitted reference pulse signal of generation; On-the-spot machine receives the synchronous base pulse of termination machine loopback and the counting that the transmitted reference pulse signal stops respectively its corresponding mistiming counter through antenna 1 and frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, on 1 M in land cable path through antenna 2 and measure the counting that receiving circuit receives its mistiming counter of electromagnetic wave measurement signal terminating of tested cable metal pipeline radiation, and automatically read various time difference measurements values and signal waveform sampled value, carry out signal analysis, various error compensations are preserved with data with measuring calculating, export a certain termination K of tested cable to the data of burying actual cable laying length L between direction any point M underground of tested cable through liquid crystal display;
(4) with (1)～(3) steps can record on-the-spot machine along tested cable bury underground direction move to any point N as shown in fig. 1 apart from termination K bury cable physical length L ' underground, the cable length of burying underground that records two points is asked the poor cable length of burying underground between any two points M, N buried underground on the direction that namely obtains tested cable.
As shown in Figure 2, the termination owner to finish through frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and on-the-spot machine speech exchange, receive and time synchronized basic pulse that the on-the-spot machine of loopback sends, to the transmitted reference pulse of on-the-spot machine loopback by the time synchronized basic pulse triggering for generating that receives, through tested cable emitting electromagnetic wave measuring-signal; On-the-spot owner will finish and produce sample count pulse and time synchronized basic pulse, through frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and termination machine speech exchange with to termination machine transmitting time synchronous base pulse, receive time synchronized basic pulse and the transmitted reference pulse of the on-the-spot machine of termination machine loopback, receive the electromagnetic wave measurement signal of tested cable metal pipeline radiation through ground, burying cable trace any point top, automatically carry out signal analysis, various time difference measurements and error compensation, finally through liquid crystal display export on-the-spot machine position to termination that machine connects, termination or on-the-spot machine respectively point-to-point transmission of living in bury the physical length of cable underground.
As shown in Figure 3, the termination machine is different from the strange land communication transfer mode of measuring the different purposes signals of synchronizing pulse two classes for conversation with the signal classification treatment circuit in the on-the-spot machine, comprise two kinds of optional structural circuits, (a) figure is the first structural circuit form among Fig. 3, it is the time domain mask work principle that adopts the different purposes signals of two classes, " conversation " wherein switched the conversation of frequency modulation communication transfer or measured synchronizing pulse (time synchronized basic pulse and transmitted reference pulse general name) signal by the control of alternative bidirectional analog switch with " measurement " two kinds of duties, be characterized in circuit theory and simple in structure, conversation with measure synchronizing pulse and under corresponding " conversation " and " measurements " duty, occur separately respectively and be independent of each other, in the measuring process between two machines of strange land communication need the next air time arrange or by another communication tool.
(b) figure is the second structural circuit form among Fig. 3, it is to adopt frequency domain to separate and composition principle, the conversation of frequency modulation communication transfer separates with the summing amplifier frequency domain and synthesizes through high and low pass filter with the measurement synchronization pulse, also namely adopt to be divided into the lower half-band width of transferring voice and first bandwidth of transmission measurement synchronizing pulse after the output audio bandwidth of FM radio station suitably widened, respectively filtering sorting before and after signal transmits, reach the purpose of separating the different purposes signals of two classes.No longer need to arrange " conversation " and " measurement " two kinds of duty switches.Be characterized in that circuit theory and structure are complicated, conversation with measure synchronizing pulse and transmit simultaneously that the selectivity of wave filter is had relatively high expectations, implements in the process of measuring between two machines of strange land coordination is convenient.
As shown in Figure 4, for underground cable measuring device of the present invention splits under " measurement " state of situation in " conversation " and " measurement " duty, time measurement pulse relation.In conjunction with among Fig. 2 the A that marks to the J point, the principle of work of this underground cable measuring device can be stated as: the underground cable measuring device connects by Fig. 1, after energising enters " measurement " state, the crystal oscillator of on-the-spot machine produces high-frequency signal and send control survey circuit CPU, produce the required high-frequency impulse of sample count through shaping, producing the low-frequency cycle through the shaping frequency division is the time synchronized basic pulse of Tr, the synchronous base pulse is except as sending frequency modulation intercommunication radio station through signal classification treatment circuit the time counting initial pulse, A among Fig. 2 go out by antenna 1 to air-launched, 2 respective waveforms of B are seen Fig. 4 (a); The termination machine send control circuit by the synchronous base pulse that its antenna 3 and frequency modulation intercommunication radio station receive through signal classification treatment circuit, C among Fig. 2,2 respective waveforms of D are seen Fig. 4 (b), control circuit is by the transmitted reference pulse of the time synchronized basic pulse triggering for generating that receives, power ratio control source circuit and measurement radiating circuit are through tested cable emitting electromagnetic wave measuring-signal, simultaneously through signal classification treatment circuit, it receives the synchronous base pulse of rear shaping and the transmitted reference pulse signal of generation to on-the-spot machine loopback for frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and antenna 3, E point respective waveforms is seen Fig. 4 (c), F among Fig. 2 among Fig. 2,2 respective waveforms of G are seen Fig. 4 (d); On-the-spot machine receives synchronous base pulse and the transmitted reference pulse signal of termination machine loopback through antenna 1 and frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, send control survey circuit CPU through signal classification treatment circuit again, and 2 respective waveforms of H, I are seen Fig. 4 (e) among Fig. 2; The electromagnetic wave measurement signal of on-the-spot machine 1 tested cable metal pipeline of M reception radiation in the land cable path through antenna 2 and measurement receiving circuit send the control survey circuit, and J point respective waveforms is seen Fig. 4 (f) among Fig. 2; CPU carries out various time difference measurements, sampled signal analysis and error compensation automatically, final liquor charging crystal display is exported tested cable socket K shown in Figure 1 to the physical length L data of laying between on-the-spot machine M point of living in, can send memory to preserve signal waveform and the computational data that records through operation keyboard control, signal waveform and the computational data that maybe will be kept in the memory be printed or are called through communication port.
Be different from it among B, C among Fig. 2 when signal classification treatment circuit adopts structure two, 4 respective waveforms of G, H and Fig. 4 and sneaked into conversation audio frequency signal waveform, these 4 respective waveforms only have the intercommunication audio frequency signal waveform of conversing when adopting " conversation " state of structure one.
Measure Computing Principle: after establishing the poor compensation of on-the-spot chance error that is on any point M of tested cable burial path, the synchronous base pulse that records its generation to the mistiming of the synchronous base pulse that receives termination machine loopback be Δ t
1, to the mistiming of the transmitted reference pulse that receives termination machine loopback be Δ t
2, to the mistiming that receives tested cable pipeline radiated electromagnetic wave signal be Δ t
3, the transmission speed of electromagnetic wave in this cable dielectric is v, minute concerns that as shown in Figure 4 then on-the-spot machine records the synchronous base pulse to the mistiming Δ t of transmitted reference pulse
0As follows to the computing formula of the cable physical length L at on-the-spot machine place with survey cable socket termination that machine connects:
Δt
0＝Δt
1/2+(Δt
2-Δt
1)＝Δt
2-Δt
1/2……………………………(1)
L＝(Δt
3-Δt
0)v＝(Δt
3+Δt
1/2-Δt
2)v?……………………………(2)?。
Claims (5)
1. the method for measuring of a underground cable any section laying length is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) the termination machine being measured lead-out terminal is connected with the heart yearn of a certain termination K of tested cable, termination machine ground terminal is connected with tested cable system ground, the frequency modulation intercommunication radio antenna of termination machine sets up ground and is convenient to communication position, the port of will powering access 220V civil power;
(2) open termination electromechanical source switch and make it be in the stand-by operation state, signal classification treatment circuit duty wherein at first is in " conversation " state, changes " measurement " state over to by on-the-spot machine notice again;
(3) on-the-spot machine is moved to ground, any point M top along the direction of burying underground of tested cable, open on-the-spot electromechanical source switch, check the frequency modulation intercommunication radio station of adjusting on-the-spot machine, make the classification treatment circuit duty switch of on-the-spot machine be in " conversation " state, after at first talking with normally with termination machine duty personnel, the notice one works " measurement " state that changes over to, begun to measure by on-the-spot machine operation key control, the time synchronized basic pulse that on-the-spot machine produces begins counting by each road mistiming counter of cycle T r repeated priming, simultaneously through on-the-spot machine frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and day alignment termination machine transmitting time synchronous base pulse; After the termination machine receives the synchronous base pulse by the antenna of termination machine and frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, triggering for generating electromagnetic wave measurement signal is launched through tested cable, the synchronous base pulse of shaping and the transmitted reference pulse signal of generation after it receives through the frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and the on-the-spot machine loopback of day alignment of termination machine simultaneously; Stop respectively the counting of its corresponding mistiming counter behind the synchronous base pulse that on-the-spot machine receives termination machine loopback through antenna and the frequency modulation intercommunication radio station of on-the-spot machine and the transmitted reference pulse signal, on 1 M in land cable path, another antenna and on-the-spot machine through on-the-spot machine are measured the counting that receiving circuit receives its mistiming counter of electromagnetic wave measurement signal terminating of tested cable metal pipeline radiation, and automatically read various time difference measurements values and signal waveform sampled value, carry out signal analysis, various error compensations are preserved with data with measuring calculating, export a certain termination K of tested cable to the data of burying actual cable laying length L between direction any point M underground of tested cable through display;
(4) adopt step (1)～(3) method record on-the-spot machine along tested cable bury underground direction move to any another N apart from termination K bury cable physical length L ' underground, the cable length of burying underground that records two points is asked the poor length of burying cable underground between any two points M, N on the direction of burying underground that namely obtains tested cable.
2. the measuring device of a underground cable any section laying length, it is characterized in that, adopt method claimed in claim 1, comprise the termination machine that is connected with the heart yearn of a certain termination K of tested cable, the on-the-spot machine that direction moves to ground, any point M top of burying underground along tested cable, on-the-spot machine comprises that crystal oscillator produces high-frequency signal and send control survey circuit CPU, produce the required high-frequency impulse of sample count through shaping, producing the low-frequency cycle through the shaping frequency division is the time synchronized basic pulse of Tr, send the first frequency modulation intercommunication radio station through first signal classification treatment circuit, by the first antenna transmission;
The termination machine comprises that third antenna and the second frequency modulation intercommunication radio station receive the synchronous base pulse of on-the-spot machine emission, send control circuit through secondary signal classification treatment circuit, the transmitted reference pulse that control circuit is produced by the synchronous base trigger action that receives, power ratio control source circuit and measure radiating circuit through tested cable socket K emitting electromagnetic wave measuring-signal is simultaneously through the synchronous base pulse of secondary signal classification treatment circuit, the second frequency modulation intercommunication radio station and third antenna shaping after its reception of on-the-spot machine loopback and the transmitted reference pulse of triggering for generating;
On-the-spot machine receives synchronous base pulse and the transmitted reference pulse of termination machine loopback through the first antenna and the first frequency modulation intercommunication radio station, send control survey circuit CPU through first signal classification treatment circuit again, on-the-spot machine is through the second antenna and measure the electromagnetic wave measurement signal that receiving circuit receives tested cable radiation, send control survey circuit CPU, CPU carries out each time difference measurements, sampled signal analysis and error compensation, and final liquor charging display is exported tested cable socket K to the physical length L data of laying between on-the-spot machine M point of living in.
3. the measuring device of underground cable any section laying length as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described on-the-spot machine comprises memory and communication port, control through operation keyboard, memory is used for preserving signal waveform and the computational data that records, and communication port is used for will being kept at signal waveform and the computational data printing of memory or calling.
4. the measuring device of underground cable any section laying length as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described first, second signal classification treatment circuit is that time domain is separated and combiner circuit, and " conversation " wherein switched the conversation of frequency modulation communication transfer or measured synchronization pulse by the control of alternative bidirectional analog switch with " measurement " two kinds of duties.
5. the measuring device of underground cable any section laying length as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described first, second signal classification treatment circuit is that frequency domain separates and combiner circuit, and the conversation of frequency modulation communication transfer separates with the summing amplifier frequency domain and synthesizes through high and low pass filter with the measurement synchronization pulse.
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