CN102536661B - For adjusting the system and method at wind turbine yawing angle - Google Patents
For adjusting the system and method at wind turbine yawing angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102536661B CN102536661B CN201110436565.0A CN201110436565A CN102536661B CN 102536661 B CN102536661 B CN 102536661B CN 201110436565 A CN201110436565 A CN 201110436565A CN 102536661 B CN102536661 B CN 102536661B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/329—Azimuth or yaw angle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/335—Output power or torque
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of yaw system for wind turbine, described wind turbine comprises the cabin that is connected in a rotatable manner tower cylinder. Yaw system comprises a deviation drive device that is connected to described cabin, in order to cabin is rotated around yaw axis; One is connected to the first sensor of wind turbine, the first pilot signal that it is configured to the service condition of sensing wind turbine and generates at least one service condition of indicating described wind turbine; And a control system, be connected to by correspondence this sensor to receive the first pilot signal being generated from described first sensor. This control system according to the first received pilot signal calculate cabin apparent wind to yaw angle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to wind power generation field, specially refers to a kind of for adjusting wind turbineThe system and method for driftage.
Background technology
At least some known wind turbines comprise the cabin being fixed on tower cylinder. Described cabin comprises logicalCross the rotor arrangement that axle is connected to generator. In existing rotor arrangement, multi-disc rotor blade certainlyRotor extends. Described rotor blade is towards certain orientation orientation, like this through rotor bladeWind will make rotor rotate and armature spindle is rotated, thereby drives generator generating. At least someKnown cabin comprises for controlling the yaw system of rotor with respect to the angle of wind direction.
At least some known wind turbines comprise the sensing for sensing wind direction at the top that is positioned at cabinDevice. At least some known sensors are positioned at the leeward of rotor. In the operation of existing wind turbineCheng Zhong, wind direction can change in the time that wind passes rotor. Because wind direction changes, the wind therefore sensingDifferent to the actual wind direction when impacting rotor.
At least some existing yaw systems are to adjust wind turbine yawing according to the wind direction sensing.
Because the wind direction sensing is different from actual wind direction, therefore existing yaw system may be notCabin is aimed at actual wind direction. The misalignment in cabin may cause existing wind turbine to be subject toThe load causing because of yaw error increases the impact of (for example load is asymmetric), thereby causesThe fatigue life cycle of wind turbine component significantly increases. Along with the degree of wear of wind turbine component becomesIn seriously, the efficiency of wind turbine also can reduce.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method and system of the yaw angle of adjusting wind turbine, described wind turbineComprise the cabin that is connected in a rotatable manner tower cylinder.
Wherein, described method comprises: deviation drive device is connected to described cabin, to adjustState the direction of cabin with respect to wind direction; From the first sensor that is connected to described wind turbine to controlling systemSystem transmits at least one and indicates the first pilot signal of the service condition of described wind turbine; Described controlSystem is calculated the driftage of described cabin with respect to wind direction according to described the first pilot signal at least partlyAngle; And move described deviation drive device according to the yaw angle calculating at least partly and adjust instituteState the driftage in cabin. Described method further comprises: determine the yaw angle that calculates whether with in advanceThe yaw angle difference of definition; And in the time that the yaw angle calculating is different from predefined yaw angleMove described deviation drive device to adjust the driftage in described cabin.
Method of the present invention further comprises: from being connected to the second sensing of described deviation drive deviceDevice transmits of at least one torque loads of indicating described deviation drive device to described control systemTwo pilot signals; And at least partly according to described the first pilot signal and described the second pilot signalCalculate described yaw angle. In the time that the torque loads sensing is different from predefined torque loads, determineThe yaw angle calculating is different from predefined yaw angle.
Yaw device of the present invention comprises an electric power converter device that is connected to yaw motor,Described method further comprises: transmit at least one instruction from the second sensor to described control systemThe second monitoring letter of the electrical load applying to described yaw motor from described electric power converter deviceNumber; And calculate described deviation drive device according to the second received pilot signal at least partlyTorque loads. In the time determining that the torque loads calculating is greater than predefined torque loads, moveDescribed deviation drive device.
The present invention comprises for the yaw system of wind turbine: the driftage that is connected to described cabin drives dressPut, described deviation drive device is configured to rotate described cabin around yaw axis; Be connected to described windThe first sensor of turbine, described first sensor is configured to the service condition of wind turbine described in sensingAnd generate at least one and indicate the first pilot signal of described service condition; And a control system,It is connected to by correspondence described sensor with receive from described first sensor generated firstPilot signal, described in described control system is configured to calculate according to the first received pilot signalCabin is with respect to the yaw angle of wind direction.
Yaw system of the present invention further comprises the second sensing that is connected to described deviation drive deviceDevice, described the second sensor is configured to the torque loads of deviation drive device described in sensing and to instituteState the second pilot signal that control system transmits the torque loads that at least one instruction senses, described inControl system is configured to calculate described inclined to one side according to described the first pilot signal and described the second pilot signalBoat angle. Described control system is connected to described deviation drive device effectively, and described control system is joinedBe set to and in the time determining that the yaw angle that calculates is different from predefined yaw angle, move described driftage and driveMoving device. Described control system can further be configured to move described in described deviation drive device adjustmentThe driftage in cabin, until the yaw angle calculating and predefined yaw angle are roughly equal. DescribedControl system also can be configured in the time determining that the torque loads sensing is greater than predefined torque loadsDetermine that the yaw angle calculating is different from predefined yaw angle, or described control system is joinedBe set to and in the time determining that the torque loads sensing is different from predefined torque loads, move described driftageDrive unit.
Described deviation drive device comprises an electric power converter device that is connected to yaw motor, instituteState yaw system and comprise the second sensor, described the second sensor is configured to sensing and turns from described electric powerThe electrical load that parallel operation device applies to described yaw motor, and transmit instruction to described control systemThe second pilot signal of described electrical load, and described control system is configured at least partly according to instituteThe second pilot signal receiving calculates the torque loads of described deviation drive device. Described control isSystem is further configured to the electrical load lucks different from predefined electrical load that sense determiningThe described deviation drive device of row is adjusted described yaw angle.
The present invention also can provide a kind of wind turbine system, and it comprises: tower cylinder; Be connected in a rotatable mannerThe cabin of described tower cylinder; Be connected to the driftage bearing between described cabin and described tower cylinder; Be connected toThe deviation drive device in described cabin, described deviation drive device is configured to rotate institute around yaw axisState cabin; Be connected to the first sensor of described wind turbine, described first sensor is configured to sensingThe service condition of described wind turbine also generates first of service condition that at least one instruction sensesPilot signal; And a control system, it is connected to described sensor by correspondence with from instituteState sensor and receive the first pilot signal generating, described control system is configured to foundation institute and receivesTo the first pilot signal calculate the yaw angle of described cabin with respect to wind direction.
Described control system is connected to described deviation drive device effectively, described control system configurationBecome in the time determining that the yaw angle calculating is different from predefined yaw angle, to move described driftage and driveDevice. Described control system is further configured to move described deviation drive device to adjust described machineThe driftage in cabin, until the yaw angle calculating and predefined yaw angle are roughly equal.
Wind turbine of the present invention can further comprise the second sensing that is connected to described deviation drive deviceDevice, described the second sensor is configured to the torque loads of deviation drive device described in sensing, described controlSystem processed is further configured to determining that the torque loads sensing is different from predefined torque loadsTime determine that the yaw angle that calculates is different from predefined yaw angle. Described control system is configured toIn the time determining that the torque loads sensing is different from predefined torque loads, moving described driftage drivesDevice.
Described deviation drive device comprises an electric power converter device that is connected to yaw motor, instituteState wind turbine and further comprise the second sensor, described the second sensor is configured to sensing from described electricityThe electrical load that force transducer device applies to described yaw motor, and to described control system transmissionThe second pilot signal of the electrical load that instruction senses, and described control system is configured at least portionDivide the torque loads of calculating described deviation drive device according to the second received pilot signal.
In sum, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of for adjusting the side of yaw angle of wind turbineMethod. Wind turbine comprises the cabin that is connected in a rotatable manner tower cylinder. The method comprises drives driftageMoving device is connected to cabin, to adjust the direction of cabin with respect to wind direction. Be connected to of wind turbineOne sensor can transmit to control system the first monitoring of the service condition of at least one instruction wind turbineSignal. Cabin is believed according to this first monitoring by control system at least partly with respect to the yaw angle of wind directionNumber calculate. Move deviation drive device to adjust according to the yaw angle calculating at least partlyThe driftage in cabin.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of yaw system that is applicable to wind turbine. Described wind turbineComprise the cabin that is connected in a rotatable manner tower cylinder. Described yaw system comprises and is connected to cabinDeviation drive device. Described deviation drive device is configured to rotate around yaw axis. First sensorBe connected to wind turbine. Described first sensor is configured to the service condition of sensing wind turbine and generates extremelyThe first pilot signal of the service condition that a few instruction senses. Control system connects by correspondenceReceive the sensor for receive the first pilot signal generating from first sensor. Described controlSystem configuration becomes according to the first received pilot signal to calculate the driftage of cabin with respect to wind directionAngle.
Another aspect, the invention provides a kind of wind turbine system. Described wind turbine system comprise tower cylinder,Be connected in a rotatable manner tower cylinder cabin, be connected to the driftage bearing between cabin and tower cylinder,And be connected to the deviation drive device in cabin. Described deviation drive device is configured to around yaw axisRotate cabin. First sensor is connected to wind turbine. Described first sensor is configured to sensing wind wheelThe service condition of machine also generates the first pilot signal of the service condition that at least one instruction senses.Control system is connected to the first monitoring letter generating for receiving from first sensor by correspondenceNumber sensor. Described control system is configured to according to the first received pilot signal computerCabin is with respect to the yaw angle of wind direction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of exemplary wind turbine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged perspective of a part for wind turbine shown in Fig. 1, and described wind turbine comprisesExemplary yaw device.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of yaw device shown in Fig. 2, and described yaw device comprises an exampleProperty control system.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that the illustrative methods of wind turbine yawing shown in Fig. 1 is adjusted in explanation.
Component symbol list:
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention comprise a yaw system, and it contributes to according to the driftage sensingThe torque loads of drive unit is adjusted wind turbine yawing. Particularly, driftage of the present invention isTurnkey is drawn together a control system, and this system configuration becomes at least partly according to the driftage driving sensingThe torque loads of device is calculated the yaw angle of cabin with respect to wind direction.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of exemplary wind turbine 10. In preferred embodiment, wind turbine 10For horizontal axis wind turbine. Or wind turbine 10 also can be vertical-axis wind turbine. In better realityExecute in example, wind turbine 10 comprises the tower cylinder 12 that extends from stayed surface 14, is arranged on tower cylinderCabin 16 on 12, be positioned at the generator 18 in cabin 16, and be connected to generator 18Gear-box 20. Rotor 22 is connected to gear-box 20 in a rotatable manner by armature spindle 24.Rotor 22 comprises rotating wheel hub 26, and at least a slice is connected to wheel hub 26 and from itOutward extending rotor blade 28.
In preferred embodiment, rotor 22 comprises three rotor blades 28. Substitute real at oneExecute in example, rotor 22 comprises greater or less than three rotor blades 28. In preferred embodiment,Tower cylinder 12 is to use steel pipe to manufacture, and extends to be defined between stayed surface 14 and cabin 16Chamber (not showing in Fig. 1). In an alternate embodiment, tower cylinder 12 is for highly suitableThe tower cylinder of any type.
Rotor blade 28 wheel hub 26 surroundings that are arranged in separated by a distance, to impel rotor 22 to rotate,Thereby the kinetic transformation that makes wind becomes available mechanical energy, is subsequently converted to electric energy. In preferred embodimentIn, the length of every rotor blade 28 arrives about 120m (394 between approximately 30 meters (m) (99 feet (ft))Ft) between. Or the length of rotor blade 28 can be and allows wind turbine 10 have function of the present inventionAny suitable length. For example, other limiting examples of rotor blade length comprise 10m or10m is following, 20m, 37m, or is greater than the length of 120m. Along with wind impacts from direction 30Rotor blade 28, rotor 22 rotates around rotating shaft 32.
In preferred embodiment, yaw system 34 is connected to cabin 16 and tower cylinder 12, to adjustThe driftage in cabin 16. Present patent application file term used " driftage " refers to that cabin 16 is relativeIn the direction of wind direction 30. In preferred embodiment, yaw system 34 is configured to optionally phaseRotate cabin 16 and rotor 22 for tower cylinder 12 around yaw axis 36, to control rotor 22 phasesFor the angle of wind direction 30.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged perspective of a part for wind turbine 10. In preferred embodiment, partiallyBoat system 34 comprises that at least one deviation drive device 38 and one are connected to driftage effectivelyThe control system 40 of drive unit 38. Deviation drive device 38 is connected to driftage bearing 42.Driftage bearing 42 is connected between cabin 16 and tower cylinder 12, to contribute to respect to tower cylinder 12Rotate cabin 16 (as shown in Figure 1) around yaw axis 36. Armature spindle 24 is positioned at cabin 16In, and be connected between rotor 22 and gear-box 20. Particularly, armature spindle 24 connectsTo wheel hub 26, like this wheel hub 26 around the rotation of rotating shaft 32 can impel armature spindle 24 aroundRotating shaft 32 rotates. High speed shaft 44 is connected between gear-box 20 and generator 18. ?In good embodiment, in the running of wind turbine 10, the rotation of armature spindle 24 will be turningFlowing mode driving gearbox 20, thus drive high speed shaft 44. High speed shaft 44 in a rotatable mannerDrive generator 18, to impel generator 18 to generate electricity. Gear-box 20, armature spindle 24, andDeviation drive device 38 supports by base support 46. Generator 18 is by from base support 46The generator frame 48 of cantilever setting supports. Cabin 16 also comprises at least one anemometer tower 50,Described anemometer tower comprises at least one sensor 52 (for example airspeedometer). Sensor 52 configuresBecome senses wind speed and transmit the signal of indicating wind speed to control system 40. Or, sensor 52Can be configured to multiple environmental conditions such as sensing temperature, humidity and/or atmospheric pressure. In this type of enforcementIn example, sensor 52 is configured to transmit to control system 40 signal of the environmental condition of instruction wind.
In preferred embodiment, driftage bearing 42 is connected to base support 46 and tower cylinder 12. PartiallyBoat bearing 42 is configured to allow cabin 16 rotate with respect to tower cylinder 12. In preferred embodiment, partiallyBoat bearing 42 comprises the inner ring 54 (not shown) that is connected in a rotatable manner outer ring 56, thisSample inner ring 54 can rotate around yaw axis 36 with respect to outer ring 56. Inner ring 54 is connected to baseSupport 46. Outer ring 56 is connected to tower cylinder 12 securely, or merges with tower cylinder 12. Outer ring 56Comprise multiple circumference around outer ring 56, spaced bearing gear 58. Bearing gear 58 is with inclined to one sideBoat drive unit 38 coordinate, like this operation of deviation drive device 38 can allow inner ring 54 with respect toOuter ring 56 is rotated and is allowed cabin 16 rotate around yaw axis 36. Or outer ring 56 can connectTo base support 46, and deviation drive device 38 can be configured to coordinate so that outside allowing with inner ring 54Circle 56 rotates with respect to inner ring 54.
In preferred embodiment, deviation drive device 38 comprises driftage drive motors 60, connectsTo the Yaw gearbox 62 of driftage drive motors 60, be connected to yaw gear in a rotatable mannerThe driftage driving shaft 64 of case 62, and be connected to driftage driving shaft 64 yaw gear 66.Driftage drive motors 60 is configured to apply mechanical force to Yaw gearbox 62. Yaw gearbox 62Be configured to convert described mechanical force to revolving force, and described revolving force is applied to driftage drivingAxle 64. Driftage driving shaft 64 is connected between Yaw gearbox 62 and yaw gear 66. ?In the running of deviation drive device 38, driftage drive motors 60 is to Yaw gearbox 62Apply mechanical force, and described Yaw gearbox then convert this mechanical force to rotation energy. Subsequently,Yaw gearbox 62 rotates driftage driving shaft 64 around driftage driving shaft 68. Driftage driving shaft64 around driftage driving shaft 68 rotate yaw gear 66, like this yaw gear 66 with driftageBearing 42 coordinates and causes that cabin 16 rotates around yaw axis 36. In one embodiment,Deviation drive device 38 comprises the electrical converter 70 that is electrically connected to driftage drive motors 60. ?In this type of embodiment, electrical converter 70 is for example configured to, from power supply (generator 18, electrical networkSystem (not shown) and/or another wind turbine (not shown)) reception alternating current or direct current,And described electric power is sent to driftage drive motors 60. In an alternate embodiment, driftage is drivenMoving device 38 does not comprise electrical converter 70. In this alternate embodiment, driftage drive motors60 are configured to directly receive electric power from power supply.
In preferred embodiment, deviation drive device 38 is connected to base support 46, so extremelyFew part driftage driving shaft 64 is positioned at the position of contiguous driftage bearing 42. Yaw gear 66Be connected to driftage driving shaft 64, yaw gear 66 contacts with driftage bearing 42 like this. Specifically, yaw gear 66 is configured to coordinate with bearing gear 58, turns like this in yaw gear 66When moving, cabin 16 will be rotated around yaw axis 36. Particularly, in preferred embodiment,Bearing gear 58 coordinates with deviation drive device 38, when deviation drive device 38 moves so justUnderstand with respect to outer ring 56 rotary inner rings 54, thereby rotate cabin 16 around yaw axis 36. OrPerson, outer ring 56 can be connected to base support 46, and deviation drive device 38 is joined with inner ring 54Close, thereby rotate outer ring 56 with respect to inner ring 54.
In preferred embodiment, deviation drive device 38 comprises at least one torque sensor 72,It is negative with the moment of torsion of sensing deviation drive device 38 that described sensor is connected to deviation drive device 38Carry. Torque sensor 72 is configured to transmit instruction from cabin 16 to control system 40 and is applied toThe signal of the torque loads of deviation drive device 38. In one embodiment, torque sensor72 are connected to driftage drive motors 60. Or torque sensor 72 is connected to Yaw gearbox62, driftage driving shaft 64 and/or yaw gear 66. Deviation drive device 38 also comprises at leastOne is connected to the electric power output transducer 74 of deviation drive device 38. Electric power output transducer74 are configured to the electric power output of sensing deviation drive device 38 and transmit instruction to control system 40The signal of electric power output. Electric power output transducer 74 is configured to sensing power frequency, electric power electricityThe electrical nature such as pressure and/or power current. In one embodiment, electric power output transducer 74Be connected to the electricity that driftage drive motors 60 receives from electrical network and/or electrical converter 70 with sensingAmount. Or electric power output transducer 74 is connected to electrical converter 70 and becomes from electric power with sensingFrequently device 70 is sent to the electric power of driftage drive motors 60.
In the running of deviation drive device 38, driftage drive motors 60 is to yaw gearCase 62 applies mechanical force, and described Yaw gearbox then convert this mechanical force to rotation energy.Yaw gearbox 62 rotates driftage driving shaft 64 around driftage driving shaft 68 subsequently. Driftage drivesMotor 60 applies torque loads to rotate partially around driftage driving shaft 68 to driftage driving shaft 64Boat gear 66. Along with the rotation of yaw gear 66, yaw gear 66 is joined with driftage bearing 42Merge and cause that cabin 16 rotates around yaw axis 36. Along with wind impacts rotor 22, corresponding wind speed(representing with arrow 76) can apply torque (representing with arrow 78) to rotor 22 and cabin 16.The first torque loads (representing with arrow 80) will be applied to deviation drive device by torque 7838. In preferred embodiment, deviation drive device 38 is contrary with the first torque loads 80In direction, apply the second torque loads (representing with arrow 82) to driftage drive motors 60, withContribute to prevent that cabin 16 from rotating around yaw axis 36, thereby maintain cabin 16 with respect to windTo 30 direction. The first torque loads 80 can increase along with the increase of wind speed 76. DriftageDrive unit 38 then increases the second torque loads 82 applying to driftage drive motors 60, withContribute to maintain the direction of cabin 16 with respect to wind direction 30.
In preferred embodiment, along with the change of wind direction 30, the first torque loads 80 may increaseAdd, reduce, and/or change direction. Deviation drive device 38 can increase thereupon, reduce and/Or change the direction of the second torque loads 82 that is applied to driftage drive motors 60, to contribute toMaintain the direction of cabin 16 with respect to wind direction 30. In preferred embodiment, when the second moment of torsion is bornCarry 82 while being greater than predefined torque loads, deviation drive device 38 can turn around yaw axis 36Engine compartment 16, equals the second torque loads 82, or is less than predefined torque loads.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that comprises the yaw system 34 of control system 40. Phase shown in Fig. 3Mark by the identical reference numerals using in Fig. 2 with parts. In preferred embodiment, controlSystem 40 processed is to comprise that computer system etc. is any suitable for processor or microprocessorThe real-time controller of system, described system comprise microcontroller, reduced instruction set circuits (RISC),Special IC (ASIC), logic circuit, and/or can carry out its of function of the present inventionHis any circuit or processor. In one embodiment, control system 40 can be comprise read-onlyThe microprocessor of memory (ROM) and/or random access memory (RAM), for example, have32 bit micro-computers of 2MbitROM and 64KbitRAM. Present patent application file instituteRefer in the suitable short time after input influence of change output just corresponding with term " in real time "Generate output, and this time period is to input and to give birth to according to the importance of result and/or system processingThe design parameter that becomes the ability of output to select.
In preferred embodiment, control system 40 comprises memory block 102, and it is configured to storage and can holdsThe operation ginseng of the service condition of the instruction of row and/or one or more representative and/or instruction wind turbine 10Number. Operational factor can represent and/or indicate (but being not limited to) wind speed, wind temperature, torque loads,Electric power output and/or wind direction. Control system 40 further comprises the processing that is connected to memory block 102Device 104, described processor is true to come according to one or more operational factors at least partly through programmingFixed one or more wind turbine control device 112, the drive motors 60 of for example going off course, service condition.In one embodiment, processor 104 can comprise a processing unit, such as, but not limited to,An integrated circuit (IC), a special IC (ASIC), microcomputer,Individual programmable logic controller (PLC) (PLC) and/or other any programmable circuits. Or, processor104 can comprise multiple processing units (for example, in multinuclear configuration).
In preferred embodiment, control system 40 comprises sensor interface 106, and described sensor connectsMouth is connected with at least one sensor 108 in the mode of signal communication, for example sensor 52, moment of torsionSensor 72, and electric power output transducer 74. In this preferred embodiment, each sensor 108Detect the multiple service condition of wind turbine 10. Sensor 108 can include, but are not limited to only include,Position sensor, acceleration transducer, vibrating sensor, strain gauge and/or other any sensings are eachKind is about the sensor of the parameter of the operation of wind turbine 10. Present patent application file term used " ginsengNumber " refer to that its value can be used for the physical property of the service condition that defines wind turbine 10, for example, fixedVibration, the rotor speed of the position of justice, and rotor blade amount of deflection. Each sensor generates alsoTransmit the signal corresponding with the operational factor of wind turbine 10. And, each sensor can be not betweenDisconnected, periodically or transmit once signal, for example, although also there are other signal sequences in expection.In addition, each sensor can analog form or digital form transmission signal. Control system 40 is logicalCross processor 104 processing signals to generate one or more operational factors. In certain embodiments,Processor 104 for example, through programming (using the executable instruction in memory block 102) with to sensingThe signal sampling that device generates. For example, processor 104 can receive a continuous letter from sensorNumber, and as response, for example, according to periodically (every five seconds once) meter of described continuous signalCalculate the operational factor of wind turbine 10. In certain embodiments, processor 104 is to from sensor 108The signal processing of standardizing receiving. For example, sensor 108 can produce and have and operational factorThe analog signal of the parameter (for example voltage) that value is directly proportional. Processor 104 can be through programming to incite somebody to actionAnalog signal converts operational factor to. In one embodiment, sensor interface 106 comprises biographyThe analog voltage signal that sensor 108 produces converts to can be for of control system 40 multidigitThe A/D converter of data signal.
Control system 40 also comprises the control interface that is configured to the operation of controlling deviation drive device 38110. In certain embodiments, control interface 110 is connected to one or more wind turbines effectivelyControl device 112, for example, driftage drive motors 60.
Between control interface 110 and control device 112 and sensor interface 106 and sensorBetween 108, can there is multiple connection. This type of connection can include, but not limited to an electric conductor,Rudimentary serial data connect (for example proposed standard (RS) 232 or RS-485), oneSenior serial data connects (for example USB (USB) or IEEE(IEEE) 1394 (also referred to as a/k/aFIREWIRE)), parallel data connect (exampleAs IEEE1284 or IEEE488), a short-range wireless communication channel (for example bluetooth)For example, and/or special (cannot from the external reference of wind turbine 10) network connects, wired or nothingLine.
In the running of wind turbine 10, control system 40 is from one or more sensors 108Receive the signal of the service condition (for example rotating speed of armature spindle 24) of instruction wind turbine 10. ControlSystem 40 processed is configured to calculate according to the service condition sensing at least partly the driftage in cabin 16Angle α. Present patent application file term used " yaw angle " refers at rotating shaft 32 and wind directionThe angle of measuring between 30. Or yaw angle can be measured between yaw axis 36 and wind direction 30,Or measure with respect to rotating shaft 32, yaw axis 36 and wind direction 30. In preferred embodiment, controlSystem 40 processed be further configured to by the yaw angle α calculating and predefined yaw angle and/Or predefined yaw angle value scope compares. If the yaw angle α calculating is not equal toPredefined yaw angle and/or not within the scope of predefined yaw angle value, control system 40Can move deviation drive device 38 to adjust the driftage in cabin 16. Or, deviation drive device38 rotate cabin 16 around yaw axis 36, until the yaw angle α calculating and predefinedYaw angle is roughly equal, or within the scope of predefined yaw angle value. In one embodiment,Control system 40 receives the signal of instruction wind speed 76 from sensor 52, and from torque sensor72 receive the signal of the torque loads 82 of instruction deviation drive device 38. Control system 40 is joinedBe set at least part of torque loads according to wind speed and deviation drive device 38 and calculate cabin 16Yaw angle α.
In an alternate embodiment, if the driftage that control system 40 is configured to sense is drivenThe torque loads 82 of moving device 38 is different from predefined torque loads, determines and calculatesYaw angle α different from predefined yaw angle. In this embodiment, control system 40 is joinedBe set to operation deviation drive device 38 to adjust the driftage in cabin 16, until the moment of torsion sensingLoad 82 is less than or equal to predefined torque loads.
In an alternate embodiment, control system 40 receives instruction from electric power output transducer 74The signal of the electric power output of deviation drive device 38 and/or electrical converter 70. Control system 40Be configured to the electric power output meter according to deviation drive device 38 and/or electrical converter 70 at least partlyCalculate the torque loads 82 of deviation drive device 38. In another alternate embodiment, control systemIf the 40 electric power outputs that are configured to sense are greater than predefined electric power output, determine and calculateThe yaw angle α going out is different from predefined yaw angle. In this alternate embodiment, control system 40Be configured to move deviation drive device 38 to adjust the driftage in cabin 16, until the electric power sensingOutput is less than or is substantially equal to predefined electric power exports.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of introducing the illustrative methods 200 of the driftage of adjusting wind turbine 10.In this preferred embodiment, method 200 comprises that sensor 108 transmits at least to control system 40The first pilot signal (step 202) of the torque loads 82 of an instruction deviation drive device 38.Sensor 108 transmits the second pilot signal of at least one instruction wind speed 76 to control system 40(step 204). Control system 40 is at least partly according to described the first pilot signals and/or theTwo pilot signals calculate the yaw angle α (step 206) in cabin 16. Control system 40 is determinedWhether different from predefined yaw angle (step 208) of the yaw angle α calculating, andOperation while determining the yaw angle α calculating from predefined yaw angle different (step 208)Deviation drive device 38 is to adjust the driftage (step 210) in cabin 16. At an embodimentIn, sensor 108 transmits the electric power output of instruction deviation drive device 38 to control system 40Secondary signal (step 212). In this embodiment, at least part of foundation of control system 40The electric power output calculated torque load 82 sensing. Control system 40 is determined turning round of calculatingWhether different from predefined torque loads (step 214) of square load 82, and calculate determiningThe torque loads 82 drawing time operation driftage from predefined torque loads different (step 214)Drive unit 38 is to adjust the driftage (step 216) in cabin 16.
The example technique effect of method of the present invention, system and equipment comprises in the followingAt least one: (a) transmit at least one instruction driftage from first sensor to control system and driveThe first pilot signal of the torque loads of device; (b) at least partly according to described the first monitoring letterNumber calculate cabin with respect to the yaw angle of wind direction; And (c) in definite yaw angle calculatingWhen different from predefined yaw angle, move deviation drive device to adjust the driftage in cabin.
Above-mentioned method, system and equipment contributes to adjust according to the torque loads of deviation drive deviceThe driftage of whole wind turbine nacelle. In addition, various embodiments of the present invention contribute at least part of foundationThe torque loads of the yaw drive system sensing is calculated the yaw angle of cabin with respect to wind direction. LogicalCross according to the torque loads of yaw drive system and calculate yaw angle, above-mentioned method, system and establishingThe standby problem that has overcome existing wind turbine dependence wind transducer, described wind transducer can be subject toThe adverse effect that rotor rotates. Therefore, embodiments of the invention contribute to improve the fortune of wind turbineOK, thus improve the annual electricity generating capacity of wind turbine.
More than describe in detail method, system and equipment for adjusting wind turbine yawing respectivelyGood embodiment. System and method of the present invention is not limited to aforementioned specific embodiment, but systemEach element and/or each step of method can be independent of miscellaneous part of the present invention and/or step listSolely use. For example, described method also can be combined with other rotary systems, and is not limited toOnly use yaw system of the present invention to put into practice. Meanwhile, each preferred embodiment can with many itsHe implements and uses rotary system application combination.
Although the specific features of various embodiment of the present invention may in some accompanying drawing, have demonstration,And in other accompanying drawings, do not show, but this is only considering for convenience. According to the present inventionPrinciple, any feature in accompanying drawing can be carried out in conjunction with any feature in other any accompanying drawingsReference and/or proposition claims.
Present patent application file has used various examples to disclose the present invention's (comprising optimal mode),Also under allowing, any technical staff in field can put into practice the present invention simultaneously, comprises and manufactures and useAny device or system, any method that also enforcement is contained. Protection scope of the present invention is by weighingProfit claim defines, and can comprise other examples that one of ordinary skill in the art find out.If the structural element of other these type of examples is identical with the letter of claims, if orThe equivalent structure key element that this type of example comprises and the letter of claims be without essential difference,This type of example also belongs to the scope of claims.
Claims (9)
1. the yaw system for wind turbine (10) (34), described wind turbine comprises with canRotating manner is connected to the cabin of tower cylinder (12), and described yaw device comprises:
One is connected to the deviation drive device (38) in described cabin, and described deviation drive device is joinedBe set to around yaw axis (36) and rotate described cabin, described deviation drive device comprises yaw motorAnd be connected to the electric power converter device of yaw motor;
One is connected to the first sensor (52) of described wind turbine, described first sensor configurationBecome the service condition of wind turbine described in sensing and generate at least one and indicate described service conditionThe first pilot signal; Second sensor, described the second sensor is configured to sensing from describedThe electrical load that electric power converter device applies to described yaw motor also generates the described electricity of instructionThe second pilot signal of power load; And
A control system (40), it is connected to described first sensor and by correspondenceTwo sensors, described control system is configured to:
Calculate described deviation drive device according to the second received pilot signal at least partlyTorque loads, and
According to the service condition of the wind turbine of institute's sensing and the torque loads meter calculatingCalculate the yaw angle of described cabin with respect to wind direction.
2. yaw system according to claim 1 (34), is characterized in that, described inclined to one sideBoat system (34) further comprises the 3rd biography that is connected to described deviation drive device (38)Sensor (108), it is negative that described the 3rd sensor is configured to the moment of torsion of deviation drive device described in sensingCarry and transmit at least one torque loads of sensing of instruction to described control system (40)Pilot signal, described control system is configured to calculate described driftage according to the torque loads sensingAngle.
3. yaw system according to claim 2 (34), is characterized in that, described controlSystem processed (40) is connected to described deviation drive device (38) effectively, described control system configurationBecome and in the time determining that the yaw angle calculating is different from predefined yaw angle, move described driftageDrive unit.
4. yaw system according to claim 3 (34), is characterized in that, described controlSystem processed (40) is further configured to move described deviation drive device (38) and adjusts described machineThe driftage in cabin (16), until the yaw angle calculating and predefined yaw angle are roughly equal.
5. yaw system according to claim 4 (34), is characterized in that, described controlSystem processed (40) is further configured to determining that the torque loads sensing is greater than predefinedWhen torque loads, determine that the yaw angle calculating is different from predefined yaw angle.
6. yaw system according to claim 5 (34), is characterized in that, described controlSystem processed (40) is configured to the torque loads and the predefined torque loads that sense determiningWhen different, move described deviation drive device (38).
7. yaw system according to claim 1 (34), is characterized in that, described controlSystem processed (40) is further configured to the electrical load and the predefined electricity that sense determiningPower load moves described deviation drive device (38) when different and adjusts described yaw angle.
8. a wind turbine system, it comprises:
Tower cylinder (12);
Be connected in a rotatable manner the cabin (16) of described tower cylinder;
Be connected to the driftage bearing (42) between described cabin and described tower cylinder;
The deviation drive device (38) that is connected to described cabin, described deviation drive device is joinedBe set to around yaw axis (36) and rotate described cabin, described deviation drive device comprises driftageMotor and be connected to the electric power converter device of yaw motor;
Be connected to the first sensor (52) of described wind turbine (10), described first sensorBe configured to the service condition of wind turbine described in sensing and generate at least one instruction institute sensingThe first pilot signal of the service condition arriving;
Second sensor, described the second sensor is configured to sensing and turns from described electric powerThe electrical load that parallel operation device applies to described yaw motor also generates the described power load of instructionThe second pilot signal carrying; And
Be connected to by correspondence the first monitoring of described first sensor and the second sensorThe control system (40) of signal, described control system is configured to:
Calculate described driftage according to the second received pilot signal at least partly and drive dressThe torque loads of putting, and
According to the service condition of the wind turbine of institute's sensing and the torque loads of calculatingCalculate the yaw angle of described cabin with respect to wind direction.
9. wind turbine according to claim 8 (100), is characterized in that, described control isSystem (40) is connected to described deviation drive device (38) effectively, and described control system is configured toDetermine that when the yaw angle calculating is different from predefined yaw angle, moving described driftage drivesDevice.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/968,525 US8178989B2 (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | System and methods for adjusting a yaw angle of a wind turbine |
| US12/968525 | 2010-12-15 |
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| CN102536661A CN102536661A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN102536661B true CN102536661B (en) | 2016-05-18 |
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| CN201110436565.0A Active CN102536661B (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2011-12-13 | For adjusting the system and method at wind turbine yawing angle |
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| US (1) | US8178989B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2466125B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102536661B (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2466125T3 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2466125A3 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| CN102536661A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| US8178989B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
| EP2466125B1 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
| EP2466125A2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
| US20110210549A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
| DK2466125T3 (en) | 2019-10-07 |
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