CN102536482A - Generating system - Google Patents
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- CN102536482A CN102536482A CN2012100531302A CN201210053130A CN102536482A CN 102536482 A CN102536482 A CN 102536482A CN 2012100531302 A CN2012100531302 A CN 2012100531302A CN 201210053130 A CN201210053130 A CN 201210053130A CN 102536482 A CN102536482 A CN 102536482A
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Abstract
A generating system includes an internal-combustion engine, a motor/generator, a rectifying device, a sensing device and a control device, wherein the internal-combustion engine is used for supplying power for the system; the motor/generator is mechanically connected with the inner-combustion engine; the rectifying device is connected with the generator and used for supplying direct-current power source for load; the sensing device is used for detecting the load value; and the control device receives the load value detected by the sensing device and adjusts the output power of the inner-combustion according to the received load value. The generating system has the advantages of high load applicability, low price, high reliability, convenience in carrying as well as operation and maintenance, and good generality and expansibility.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of power generation system, particularly utilizes the gasoline machine driving generator, a kind of small-sized portable power generation system.
Background technique
Along with science and technology development, consumer has been full of our life, and people are more and more stronger to the dependence of electricity.Grid power carry less than outlying remote mountain area, pasture, fishing ground, island, provisional building site, and supply load shortage, the management place that often has a power failure etc., needing especially can conveniently moving, economic and practical back-up power.And for some specific activities and situation, people are more urgent for the demand of independent current source, and are stronger to the portability requirement of independent current source.Going out to camp, all to need the portable petrol engine-generator set of low cost, high reliability be the independent electric power supply of core for tourism, field exploration, scientific investigation archaeology, the activities such as rescue when soldier carries out some natural disasteies such as open-air military mission, generation earthquake flood.
The electricity generating device of engine driven generators is being popularized to various application such as emergent from portable, but there is following problem in existing electricity generating device: cost an arm and a leg, be inconvenient to carry, operate the upkeep cost height, to problem such as at the bottom of the adaptive load ability.
In the internal combustion engine generator group, miniature gasoline engine-generator set is because of having advantages such as small and exquisite, flexible, dominate in the small-capacity generator demand below 10KW.But the research that the numerical control system that is directed against small portable petrol engine-generator set at present both at home and abroad carries out is less relatively; The Kai Pu company of Wuxi is the forerunner of this respect; Oneself is through developing the digital generator product of 1～10kW, and market reaction has well obtained huge economic benefit.The market of present digital generator is also enlarging; The needs that be to adapt to market, develop a kind of high workload-adaptability, cheap, reliability is high, be easy to carry, operate easy maintenance, portable independent electric power supply with good versatility and expansivity has bigger using value.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technological scheme of employing is following:
A kind of power generation system comprises: internal-combustion engine, and it is used for to system power being provided, motor/generator; Itself and above-mentioned internal-combustion engine mechanical connection, rectifying device, rectification, inverter are carried out in its output with above-mentioned motor/generator; Its output with rectifying device converts the Ac of preset frequency into and exports to load, and sensing device is used to detect load value; And control gear, it receives the load value that sensing device detected, and according to the load value that is received the internal-combustion engine output power is adjusted.
Preferably; Said control gear is provided with unit time load variations threshold value; When identical when the said unit time, internal burden value transform amount was greater than said threshold value; Use fuzzy control method that internal-combustion engine is controlled, when the said unit time, internal burden value changing value was not more than said threshold value, use pid control mode that internal-combustion engine is controlled when identical.
Preferably, said load value is busbar voltage or bus current.
Preferably, also comprise closure control motor, it is connected with engine air control shutter through reducing gear.
Preferably; Also comprise swing arm and position transducer; Said reducing gear is connected with said closure through swing arm; Said position transducer is used to detect the swing arm position, and said control gear sends the throttle opening instruction to closure control motor, and adjusts the throttle opening instruction according to the feedback signal of said position transducer.
Preferably, said position transducer is a variable resistor.
Preferably, also comprise electric accumulator, when engine starting, said motor/generator is as the actuating motor of internal-combustion engine, and electric accumulator is that said motor/generator provides electric energy through inverter.
Preferably, said internal-combustion engine is the air-cooled petrol engine of four-cycle, single-cylinder.
Preferably, said motor/generator is the brush-less permanent magnetic synchronous machine, and its permanent-magnet material adopts the Nd-Fe-B magnetic pole permanent magnet.
Preferably, adopt sliding cross coupling to connect between internal-combustion engine and the generator.
Preferably, control gear adopts chip MC33035 as control chip.
Preferably, rectifying device adopts IR2130 as control chip.
A kind of power generation system; It comprises electric accumulator, Engine-Generator, control gear and inverter; Said inverter is used for the power conversions of electric accumulator is the Ac of preset frequency and offers load; When said control gear detected the power shortage of said electric accumulator, automatic actuation engine-generator system was the electric accumulator charging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is power generation system overall structure figure.
Fig. 2 is the control principle figure of power generation system
Fig. 3 is the relation of constant torque down of petrol engine rotational speed and throttle opening
Fig. 4 unloads the load speed change curve for petrol engine is prominent
Fig. 5 is the control system structural drawing of power generation system
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated.
The control principle figure of the overall structure figure of power generation system as shown in Figure 1 and power generation system shown in Figure 2; Power generation system is by internal-combustion engine 3; Be preferably petrol engine, drawing generator 1 is supplied power to external loading, and petrol engine is connected with starting/generator 1 through coupling 2; Starting/generator 1 is connected with battery system 4 through starting/generation control circuit 5, is electrically connected with direct current output interface 7 through dc bus 8 simultaneously.Throttle control circuit 6 is controlled the throttle opening of internal-combustion engine according to the voltage or the current value of dc bus 8.
Generally, the electric current and the voltage of the generation of the load request generator of power generation system are stable more good more.One of ordinary skill in the art can know, and the voltage of power generation system output directly receives the influence of engine speed, engine speed such as instability, and then the voltage of generator generation is also unstable.Receive the influence of load; When load changes; The output voltage of power generation system can change, in order to guarantee the stable of output voltage, and must be according to the variation of load; The variation of electric power output voltage when constantly the output end voltage of adjustment generator is with the elimination load variations, this obviously will rely on the rotating speed of regulating petrol engine to realize.So, promptly be control to petrol engine rotational speed to the control of petrol engine-power generation system.
When petrol engine-starting/generating system generates electricity; After detection unit 24 samples the manipulated signal of unit, send into controller 15 and compare and obtain deviate, controller is controlled computing according to this deviate according to specific control algorithm; Thereby draw and open big petrol engine closure and still turn down; And concrete opening in a large number or closing in a small amount, the closure through 9 pairs of petrol engine of actuator carries out control corresponding again, petrol engine is remained under the presetting condition under the load that changes work.In this automatic control system, the interactional total loop of each link is closed all the time, and the input of the corresponding another one link of the output of a link forms the continual control of petrol engine rotational speed.
Fig. 3 is the relation of petrol engine torque and throttle opening under invariablenes turning speed.Can obtain the petrol engine speed regulator by Fig. 3 regulates the basic law of rotating speed and be: invariablenes turning speed is in the scope of regulation the time, if loading moment changes and just requires petrol engine to regulate closure by this static characteristic to increase and decrease output torque.
Fig. 4 unloads the load speed change procedure for petrol engine is prominent.Can find out that the rotation speed change process of the prominent load removal of petrol engine is the transient process of an inertia system under the step signal effect.Because air inlet lags behind than the variation of throttle opening, is equivalent to a delay link.
Please refer to the control system structural drawing of power generation system shown in Figure 5 below; The threephase AC of generator 1 output is rectified into direct current through rectification module 23, and the voltage signal 11 of voltage sample unit timing sampling dc bus 8 carries out giving digital controller 15 after the digitized processing to sampled signal 11; Control power supply 22 converts busbar voltage into the supply voltage of control 15; Current sensing means 16 detects bus current, and testing result is sent to controller 15, and digital controller 15 calculates by the algorithm routine of design; Send the throttle opening instruction to actuator 9; Thereby reach control, an amount of fuel oil is provided, realize on request adjusting petrol engine rotational speed to motor to petrol engine 3 throttle openings.
The checkout value of voltage signal 11 and current sensing means 16 has reflected the size variation situation of load 10, and simultaneously, voltage detection module 13 sends the busbar voltage variation to motor protective relay 14.
The transient process that petrol engine rotational speed is regulated is the stack of a first order inertial loop and delay link, and because rotation speed change changes with respect to the aperture of closure slight hysteresis is arranged, and is more satisfactory selection so the employing pid algorithm is controlled.The petrol engine of gasoline engine generator group is as the petrol engine of fixed operation, and load might change at any time when work, and the disturbance input quantity of system is big especially when adding and subtracting load especially significantly; At this moment the nonlinear characteristics of petrol engine-load speed control system oneself surpassed the scope of linearization hypothesis; To gasoline engine generator group possibility various case, can consider to adopt the fuzzy-PID control scheme, under special circumstances; Like impact, prominent unload load; Also be error during, adopt fuzzy control, as when the value of shock load during greater than first threshold greater than threshold value; Set the coefficient relevant, current engine speed is taken advantage of in the rotary speed instruction of this coefficient as motor with the load value variable quantity; When unloading load value less than second threshold value, send the idling instruction to motor when dashing forward; Adopt PID control during less than threshold value, with good advantage and the high advantage of segmentation PID control stable state accuracy of rapidity, robustness that makes full use of fuzzy control.
In order better to reach the requirement of miniaturization, portable, high reliability, each parts type selecting of system is following:
Motor
Starting/generator
Preferably, starting/generator 1 can adopt the direct current brushless permanent magnet synchronous machine, and permanent-magnet material adopts neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnet.For weight reduction and raising specific power, adopt fractional-slot to concentrate the design of Windings scheme, because motor speed is higher, consider that iron loss is bigger when high speed, number of pole-pairs can not obtain too much, and after taking all factors into consideration various influence factors, 6 grooves, 4 utmost points are got in decision.
Sliding cross coupling
Motor is connected the problem that has coaxality with the axle of starting/generator.Because machining accuracy and influence of mounting accuracy, the coaxality of engine output shaft and motor shaft can not guarantee, need install flexible shaft joint additional usually.Employing connects with sliding cross coupling, allow big radially with the angle deviation; Zero revolution gap, high moment of torsion rigidity and sensitivity; Simple in structure, anti-oil corrosion and electric insulation.
Actuator
The machinery inertial of petrol engine is bigger, and the adjustment of the rotating speed of petrol engine also will be through a thermal process, and therefore, the dynamic responding speed of excessive raising actuator 9 can't make the control effect be further improved.Steering wheel (DC micromotor that has reducing gear) inertia is far smaller than the machinery inertial of petrol engine.Consider these factors, adopt steering wheel in this actuator.
Steering wheel mainly is to be made up of shell, circuit board, coreless motor, gear and position detector.Its working principle is to send signal by controller to give steering wheel; Judge sense of rotation via the IC on the circuit board, drive the coreless motor again and begin to rotate, see through reduction gear power is reached swing arm; Simultaneously send signal back to, judge whether to arrive the location by position detector.Position detector is exactly variable resistor in fact, and resistance value also can change thereupon when steering wheel rotates, and just can know the angle of rotation through detection resistance value.
Miscellaneous equipment
As shown in Figure 5, power generation system also is provided with flameout switch 17, closure manual overvide 18, accident indicator 19, power source indicating device 20 and voltage indication means 21.
The working procedure of power generation system is following:
(1) starting period (petrol engine-starting system)
At the starting period of starting/generating system, brshless DC motor is as motor, and petrol engine constitutes a petrol engine-starting system as load and brushless direct current motor.The task that control system is mainly accomplished is exactly to drive the motor acting for motor provides enough big electric current to make starting torque reach requirement, then changes the generating state operation over to.This process does not relate to problems such as torque control, PWM speed governing, and control system is satisfying performance index, under the reliable and stable prerequisite; This problem adopts analog circut to realize open loop drive controlling mode; Combine the power drive chip to constitute by the brshless DC motor special integrated circuit, promptly satisfy system requirements, again simplified system, reduce cost and weight; Make unit be convenient to M R, in this process:
After the unit operation personnel pressed system power-on switch, the brshless DC motor drive controller powered on.Brshless DC motor driving chip receiving position sensor signal; After position signal calculated according to predetermined logic; Output drive signal drives the power switch pipe on the three phase inverter bridge; It is 120 ° trapezoidal wave that the dc inverter that battery is supplied with becomes top width, supplies with three phase windings of motor, makes the magnetic field that forms rotation in the motor to drive rotor rotation.After the engine start; Along with engine speed rises, motor will instead drag motor, and motor will become generator this moment; The driving chip of the power switch pipe on the inverter bridge turns on and off according to motor position signal power controlling pipe, to realize the generating rectification to brshless DC motor.
(2) power generating stage (petrol engine-power generation system)
After starting/generating system got into generating state, brshless DC motor was as generator for electricity generation, and generator and petrol engine constitute a petrol engine-power generation system.
Above preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative all should be the scope that the present invention is contained in the distortion of under the situation of spirit of the present invention, carrying out.For example, coupling 2 is replaced with clutch, battery system 4 is replaced with super capacitor etc.
Claims (9)
1. power generation system comprises:
Internal-combustion engine;
Motor/generator, it is connected with above-mentioned internal-combustion engine can break off;
Rectifying device, rectification is carried out in its output with above-mentioned motor/generator;
Sensing device is used to detect load value;
And control gear, it receives the load value that sensing device detected, and according to the load value that is received the internal-combustion engine output power is adjusted.
2. a kind of power generation system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said control gear is provided with unit time load variations threshold value; When identical when the said unit time, internal burden value transform amount was greater than said threshold value; Use fuzzy control method that internal-combustion engine is controlled, when the said unit time, internal burden value variable quantity was not more than said threshold value, use pid control mode that internal-combustion engine is controlled when identical.
3. a kind of power generation system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said load value is busbar voltage or bus current.
4. according to each described a kind of power generation system in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise said closure control motor, it is connected with engine air control shutter through reducing gear;
And comprise swing arm and position transducer; Said reducing gear is connected with said closure through swing arm; Said position transducer is used to detect the swing arm position; Said control gear sends the throttle opening instruction to closure control motor, and adjusts the throttle opening instruction according to the feedback signal of said position transducer.
5. according to each described a kind of power generation system in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: said position transducer is a variable resistor.
6. according to each described a kind of power generation system in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise said inverter, its output with rectifying device converts the Ac of preset frequency into and exports to load;
And comprise electric accumulator, and when engine starting, said motor/generator is as the actuating motor of internal-combustion engine, and electric accumulator is that said motor/generator provides electric energy through inverter.
7. according to each described a kind of power generation system in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: said internal-combustion engine is the air-cooled petrol engine of four-cycle, single-cylinder; Said motor/generator is the brush-less permanent magnetic synchronous machine, and its permanent-magnet material adopts the Nd-Fe-B magnetic pole permanent magnet; Adopt sliding cross coupling to connect between internal-combustion engine and the generator.
8. according to each described a kind of power generation system in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: control gear adopts chip MC33035 as control chip; Rectifying device adopts IR2130 as control chip.
9. power generation system, it comprises electric accumulator, Engine-Generator, control gear and inverter, said inverter is used for the power conversions of electric accumulator is the Ac of preset frequency and offers load, it is characterized in that:
When said control gear detected the power shortage of said electric accumulator, automatic actuation engine-generator system was the electric accumulator charging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210053130 CN102536482B (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-03-02 | Generating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210053130 CN102536482B (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-03-02 | Generating system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102536482A true CN102536482A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN102536482B CN102536482B (en) | 2013-12-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201210053130 Expired - Fee Related CN102536482B (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-03-02 | Generating system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103738503A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-23 | 天津全华时代航天科技发展有限公司 | Onboard power generation equipment of unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN104181471A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-03 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring power consumption of inversion power supply |
| CN104808495A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-07-29 | 武汉工程大学 | Robot steering gear control system based on gyroscope feedback |
| CN105020080A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-04 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Electrical starting mechanism of motorcycle |
| CN105099239A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2015-11-25 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Inverter, automobile power supply device, and automobile apparatus |
| CN105189240A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-12-23 | 奥迪股份公司 | Motor vehicle having a generator load-dependent engine control |
| WO2016011751A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-01-28 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Speed adjustment method based on combined circulation gas turbine system model |
| CN106557092A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-05 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | The control method of the actual anglec of rotation of electric steering engine and feedback angle corresponding relation |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105189240A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-12-23 | 奥迪股份公司 | Motor vehicle having a generator load-dependent engine control |
| CN105189240B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2017-08-01 | 奥迪股份公司 | Motor vehicle with the engine control system dependent on generator load |
| CN104181471A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-03 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring power consumption of inversion power supply |
| CN103738503A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-23 | 天津全华时代航天科技发展有限公司 | Onboard power generation equipment of unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN103738503B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-11-18 | 天津全华时代航天科技发展有限公司 | A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle onboard generating set |
| CN105099239A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2015-11-25 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Inverter, automobile power supply device, and automobile apparatus |
| WO2016011751A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-01-28 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Speed adjustment method based on combined circulation gas turbine system model |
| CN104808495A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-07-29 | 武汉工程大学 | Robot steering gear control system based on gyroscope feedback |
| CN105020080A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-04 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Electrical starting mechanism of motorcycle |
| CN106557092A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-05 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | The control method of the actual anglec of rotation of electric steering engine and feedback angle corresponding relation |
| CN106557092B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-11-26 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | The adjusting method of the practical rotation angle and feedback angle corresponding relationship of electric steering engine |
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Granted publication date: 20131218 Termination date: 20200302 |