CN102534204B - Thiosulfate gold extraction method taking Fe (III) cyanide salts as oxidants - Google Patents
Thiosulfate gold extraction method taking Fe (III) cyanide salts as oxidants Download PDFInfo
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- CN102534204B CN102534204B CN201210055706.9A CN201210055706A CN102534204B CN 102534204 B CN102534204 B CN 102534204B CN 201210055706 A CN201210055706 A CN 201210055706A CN 102534204 B CN102534204 B CN 102534204B
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- prussiate
- salt
- gold
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- -1 Fe (III) cyanide salts Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical class N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- BYGOPQKDHGXNCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium;iron(3+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] BYGOPQKDHGXNCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- DCXPBOFGQPCWJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;iron(3+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCXPBOFGQPCWJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([S-])(=O)=O PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[S] Chemical compound [O].[S] XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper gold Chemical compound [Cu].[Au] QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- NIAGBSSWEZDNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoxidosulfate(.1-) Chemical compound [O]S([O-])(=O)=O NIAGBSSWEZDNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a thiosulfate gold extraction method taking Fe (III) cyanide salts as oxidants. The method comprises the following steps: crushing and wet milling golden placer or mineral; adding solutions of Fe (III) cyanide salts, thiosulfate, and thiocarbamide into the ore pulp so as to ensure that in the whole system, the concentration of the thiosulfate is 0.01 to 2 mol/dm<3>, the concentration of the Fe (III) cyanide salts is 0.1 to 1.0 mmol/dm<3>, and the concentration of the thiocarbamide is 0.001 to 10.0 mmol/dm<3>; adjusting the pH value of the system to be 8 to 13; stirring and leaching for 9 to 24 hours; and recycling gold in the leachate according to a conventional method. The method has the advantages that the leaching rate is high; the process operation is simple and easy to control; the consumption of thiosulfate is low; the ingredients of the golden leachate are simple, so as to facilitate the recycling of gold; the application range is wide; and the purpose of environmental protection is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrometallurgy field, relate to a kind of employing thiosulphate for carrying gold reagent, with iron (
) prussiate salt is that oxygenant extracts golden method from ore.
Background technology
Cyanide process is the main method that current gold extracts.Yet sodium cyanide is severe poisonous chemicals, remain in sodium cyanide in tailing dam and soak and in golden process, produce some toxic cyanide and can cause serious environmental problem, some countries and regions have forbidden using prussiate in gold extracts for this reason.In addition, cyanide process is difficult to process to complex gold ores such as cupric carbon containings.The prussiate of crossing in recent researches substitutes in reagent, and thiosulphate is considered to replace the method most with application prospect of cyanide process with features such as it are quick, nontoxic.In order to improve the golden speed of soaking, a lot of bibliographical informations in thiosulfate solution, add copper (
) ion, ammoniacal liquor form the leach liquor that mixing solutions extracts as gold.Yet, under ammoniacal copper complex ion exists, soaking thiosulphate consumption in golden process and sharply rise, reagent consumes excessive high cost, golden leach liquor complicated component of while, the gold that causes entering in leach liquor is difficult to efficient recovery.Many researchers adopts reagent such as adding sulfate radical and inferior sulfate radical and sulfonium ion, inflated with nitrogen to reduce dissolved oxygen or exists the lower methods such as pressure leaching that adopt to carry out large quantity research in the hope of reducing reagent consumption without cuprammonium, these methods have played certain effect in control thiosulphate consumption, but energy consumption is high or complex manufacturing, is still difficult to realize scale operation.Also having some bibliographical informations to use oxalate, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (EDTA) salt is additive, reduction is soaked to thiosulphate consumption in golden process and also played certain effect, but need the strict pH of control value between 4.2~6.4, pH value is decomposed into elemental sulfur and sulfurous gas lower than 4.2 o'clock thiosulphates, and pH value had ferric hydroxide colloid or precipitation to generate higher than 6.4 o'clock.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to Cu
2+-NH
3-S
2o
3 2-in soaking golden process, reagent consumption is large, Leaching Systems is complicated to mix gold leachate, a kind of new Leaching of Gold Using Thiosulfate method is proposed, adopting iron (III) the cyanide ligand ion that stability is better, oxidizing potential is higher is oxygenant, take thiosulfate anion as golden complexing agent, and to add a small amount of thiocarbamide be that leaching agent forms gold leachate and extracts the gold in ore, by following technical proposal, realize.
A kind ofly take the thiosulfate gold extracting method that iron (III) prussiate salt is oxygenant, process the following step: broken wet-milling to fineness-200 order of the placer containing golden or rock ore deposit is accounted for to 85~95%, regulating the mass concentration of ore pulp is 30~50%, to the solution, thiosulphate and the thiocarbamide that add iron (III) prussiate salt in ore pulp, the concentration that makes thiosulphate in whole system is 0.01~2mol/dm again
3, iron (III) prussiate salt concentration 0.1~1.0mmol/dm
3, thiocarbamide concentration be 0.001~10.0mmol/dm
3, then the pH value of regulation system is 8~13, and agitation leach 9~24 hours, finally reclaims according to a conventional method the gold in leach liquor.
Described iron (III) prussiate salt is the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide or the Trisodium hexacyanoferrate.
The solution of described iron (III) prussiate salt is that iron (III) prussiate salt is water-soluble, and being mixed with pH value is more than 9 solution.
The pH value of described regulation system is 8~13rd, uses alkali to regulate, as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide.
Described thiosulphate is the salt that contains thiosulfate anion.
Thiosulfate gold extracting method tool provided by the invention has the following advantages and effect:
(1) reagent consumption is low, for copper gold, adopts Cu
2+-NH
3-S
2o
3 2-leaching Systems, thiosulphate consumption is up to 20~30kg/t ore; And adopt the consumption of present method thiosulphate can be down to below 7kg/t ore.
(2) pH variation is little to golden influence of extraction, general Cu
2+-NH
3-S
2o
3 2-leaching Systems pH value require to be controlled at 10 left and right, pH is too high, gold leaching rate significantly reduces; And system pH of the present invention is at 8~13 o'clock, gold leaching rate and thiosulphate consumption, all without large variation, are done accuracy controlling without the pH value to Leaching Systems, applicable to scale operation.
(3) golden leaching velocity is fast, and sample ore strong adaptability all can effectively be processed cupric, Carbonaceous gold ore.
(4) golden leach liquor component is simple, because the consumption of thiosulphate is less, can not produce a large amount of polythionates and other oxygen sulfur compound, and the associated metal under alkaline condition in gold mine and other impurity do not enter golden leach liquor as Fe etc. can not dissolve substantially, be conducive to the recovery of gold in golden leach liquor, reclaim golden lean solution and be easy to recycle.
Adopt method provided by the invention from ore, to extract gold, gold leaching rate is high, and technological operation is simple, be easy to control, thiosulphate consumption is low, and golden leach liquor composition is simply conducive to the wherein recovery of gold, applied widely, pH has good leaching effect between 8~13, fast for cyanide process difficult-treating gold mine gold leaching velocities such as carbon containing, cuprics, and can keep quite high gold leaching rate.Whole carrying in golden process do not used hypertoxic free Cyanide with ion (CN
-), do not discharge free Cyanide with ion (CN yet
-) etc. hypertoxic refuse, environmentally friendly.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Broken wet-milling to fineness-200 order of placer that Qinghai gold mine is contained to golden 2.45g/t, cupric 0.18%, sulfur-bearing 0.28% accounts for 90%, regulating the mass concentration of ore pulp is 50%, to adding in ore pulp pH value to be greater than solution, Sulfothiorine and the thiocarbamide of 9 the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide, the concentration that makes Sulfothiorine in whole system is 0.01mol/dm again
3, the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide concentration 0.1mmol/dm
3, thiocarbamide concentration be 0.001mmol/dm
3, then the pH value of regulation system is 11, and agitation leach 9 hours, finally reclaims according to a conventional method the gold in leach liquor.
Gold leaching rate is 87.3%, and the consumption of Sulfothiorine is 3.3kg/t ore; And using cuprammonium during as additive, Sulfothiorine consumption is 18.5kg/t ore.
Embodiment 2
Broken wet-milling to fineness-200 order of certain gold floatation concentrate containing 198.2g/t, cupric 23.1%, sulfur-bearing 6.5% is accounted for to 95%, regulating the mass concentration of ore pulp is 30%, to adding pH value in ore pulp, be solution, Sulfothiorine and the thiocarbamide of 10 the Trisodium hexacyanoferrate again, the concentration that makes Sulfothiorine in whole system is 2mol/dm
3, the Trisodium hexacyanoferrate concentration 1.0mmol/dm
3, thiocarbamide concentration be 10.0mmol/dm
3, by the pH value of sodium hydroxide regulation system, be then 8, and agitation leach 24 hours, the gold in leach liquor finally reclaimed according to a conventional method.
Gold leaching rate is 80.5%, and the consumption of Sulfothiorine is 4.65kg/t ore; And using cuprammonium during as additive, Sulfothiorine consumption is 29.6kg/t ore.
Embodiment 3
Broken wet-milling to fineness-200 order of certain gold ore containing golden 49.4g/t, cupric 2.4% is accounted for to 95%, regulating the mass concentration of ore pulp is 40%, to adding pH value in ore pulp, be solution, Sulfothiorine and the thiocarbamide of 11 the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide again, the concentration that makes Sulfothiorine in whole system is 1mol/dm
3, the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide concentration 0.5mmol/dm
3, thiocarbamide concentration be 5mmol/dm
3, by the pH value of potassium hydroxide regulation system, be then 13, and agitation leach 24 hours, the gold in leach liquor finally reclaimed according to a conventional method.
Gold leaching rate asks 85.3%, and the consumption of Sulfothiorine is 5.1kg/t ore; And using cuprammonium during as additive, Sulfothiorine consumption is 30.8kg/t ore.
Embodiment 4
Broken wet-milling to fineness-200 order in Burma's gold mine rock ore deposit containing golden 32.1g/t, cupric 1.8% is accounted for to 95%, regulating the mass concentration of ore pulp is 40%, to adding pH value in ore pulp, be solution, Sulfothiorine and the thiocarbamide of 11 the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide again, the concentration that makes Sulfothiorine in whole system is 0.5mol/dm
3, the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide concentration 0.1mmol/dm
3, thiocarbamide concentration be 1.0mmol/dm
3, then the pH value of regulation system is 10, and agitation leach 20 hours, finally reclaims according to a conventional method the gold in leach liquor.
Gold leaching rate is 87.2%, and the consumption of Sulfothiorine is 4.53kg/t ore; And using cuprammonium during as additive, Sulfothiorine consumption is 27.3kg/t ore.
Embodiment 5
Broken wet-milling to fineness-200 order of gold mine that contains containing golden 2.1g/t, cupric 0.31%, carbon containing 0.81% is accounted for to 85%, regulating the mass concentration of ore pulp is 40%, to adding pH value in ore pulp, be solution, ammonium thiosulfate and the thiocarbamide of 9 the Trisodium hexacyanoferrate again, the concentration that makes ammonium thiosulfate in whole system is 0.1mol/dm
3, the Trisodium hexacyanoferrate concentration 0.1mmol/dm
3, thiocarbamide concentration be 0.01mmol/dm
3, by the pH value of sodium hydroxide regulation system, be then 10, and agitation leach 9 hours, the gold in leach liquor finally reclaimed according to a conventional method.
Gold leaching rate is 89.4%, and ammonium thiosulfate consumption is 6.84kg/t ore; And using cuprammonium during as additive, ammonium thiosulfate consumption is 18.3kg/t ore.
Claims (4)
1. take the thiosulfate gold extracting method that iron III prussiate salt is oxygenant for one kind, it is characterized in that through the following step: broken wet-milling to fineness-200 order of the placer containing golden or rock ore deposit is accounted for to 85~95%, regulating the mass concentration of ore pulp is 30~50%, to the solution, thiosulphate and the thiocarbamide that add iron III prussiate salt in ore pulp, the concentration that makes thiosulphate in whole system is 0.01~2mol/dm again
3, iron III prussiate salt concentration 0.1~1.0mmol/dm
3, thiocarbamide concentration be 0.001~10.0mmol/dm
3, then the pH value of regulation system is 8~13, and agitation leach 9~24 hours, finally reclaims according to a conventional method the gold in leach liquor.
2. according to claim 1ly take the thiosulfate gold extracting method that iron III prussiate salt is oxygenant, it is characterized in that: described iron III prussiate salt is the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide or the Trisodium hexacyanoferrate.
3. according to claim 1 and 2ly take the thiosulfate gold extracting method that iron III prussiate salt is oxygenant, it is characterized in that: the solution of described iron III prussiate salt is that iron III prussiate salt is water-soluble, and being mixed with pH value is more than 9 solution.
4. according to claim 1 and 2ly take the thiosulfate gold extracting method that iron III prussiate salt is oxygenant, it is characterized in that: the pH value of described regulation system is 8~13rd, use alkali to regulate.
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CN103276206B (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2014-07-02 | 中南大学 | Method for leaching gold in alkaline thiourea system efficiently and stably |
CN104549147B (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method and application of activated carbon for recycling gold |
CN108130428B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2021-03-05 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for extracting gold and silver from ore |
CN109280767B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-23 | 招金矿业股份有限公司 | Method for reducing sodium cyanide consumption in gold concentrate cyanidation leaching process |
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CN100424204C (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2008-10-08 | 纽蒙特美国有限公司 | Precious metal recovery using thiocyanate lixiviant |
CN1295356C (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2007-01-17 | 中南大学 | Stable alkali thiourea system and its selective immersion gold method |
CN100351407C (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-11-28 | 李宇文 | Method for extracting gold from gold tailings |
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