CN102531013B - Method used for extracting aluminium oxide from low-grade bauxite - Google Patents
Method used for extracting aluminium oxide from low-grade bauxite Download PDFInfo
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- CN102531013B CN102531013B CN201010591478.8A CN201010591478A CN102531013B CN 102531013 B CN102531013 B CN 102531013B CN 201010591478 A CN201010591478 A CN 201010591478A CN 102531013 B CN102531013 B CN 102531013B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method used for extracting aluminium oxide from low-grade bauxite. The method comprises the following steps of: taking the low-grade bauxite, milling, adding an ammonium sulfate solution to prepare a raw slurry, calcining at the temperature of 400-450 DEG C, and heating water to dissolve out after incineration; introducing alkaline air in a digestion liquid, obtaining an ammonium sulfate solution and aluminium hydroxide deposition, and obtaining aluminium oxide after deposition incineration; according to the invention, the ammonium sulfate is prepared into a solution to be mixed with the bauxite, thereby guaranteeing more full contact of the ammonium sulfate and the bauxite, and improving the extraction yield of the aluminium oxide to be more than 90%; and meanwhile, in the method, potassium permanganate also can be added so as to separate out iron in the digestion liquid, thus improving the quality of the aluminium oxide, the alkaline air and the ammonium sulfate solution generated in a production process are respectively purified and concentrated so as to be circularly used for an aluminium oxide production process, thereby realizing cyclic utilization of resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum oxide technology field, particularly relate to a kind of method extracting aluminum oxide from low-grade bauxite.
Background technology
At present, bauxite resource as alumina producing raw material is more and more limited, and ore grade declines day by day, the enterprise of aluminum oxide produced by present domestic employing diaspore, the difficult problem faced is that the grade of diaspore is more and more lower, for low-grade bauxite (as Al/Si<3), extraction yield because of Bayer process is too low inapplicable, according to soda-lime sintering process process, not only energy consumption is high but also the quantity of slag is large also inapplicable, acidic process extraction yield is higher, but there is the problem that equipment corrosion is serious, and acidic process can bring other a lot of impurity into, affect the quality of aluminum oxide finished product.
There are some bauxite in China, alumina content can reach more than 40%, but alumina silica ratio is lower, and the alumina silica ratio of some ore is about 1; Meanwhile, there are some industrial residues in China, alumina content can reach more than 35% (as cinder of electric power plant), but its alumina silica ratio is also lower, and major part is no more than 1.This type of bauxite resource and industrial residue are said it is a kind of effective potential bauxite resource in a sense.But this type of bauxite resource adopts current process for making alumina all to there is larger problem.And existing ammonium sulfate sintering process is all joined in bauxite by solid ammonium sulfate to sinter, extraction yield can reach 80 ~ 85%.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method adopting ammonium sulfate sintering process to extract aluminum oxide from low-grade bauxite, the method adds in bauxite after being dissolved by ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate is fully contacted with bauxite, and alumina extraction ratio can reach more than 90%.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention extracts the method for aluminum oxide from low-grade bauxite: get low-grade bauxite, levigate, add ammoniumsulphate soln and be mixed with charge pulp, in the temperature lower calcination of 400 ~ 450 DEG C, calcining post-heating water-soluble go out, pass into ammonia in dissolution fluid, obtain ammoniumsulphate soln and aluminum hydroxide precipitation, after precipitation calcining, obtain aluminum oxide.
Concrete, the method for said extracted aluminum oxide is:
(1) getting low-grade bauxite, levigately accounting for more than 90% to being less than 300 object particles;
(2) ratio being 1:1.5 ~ 2 according to the mass ratio of aluminum oxide in bauxite and ammonium sulfate takes ammonium sulfate, adds the hot water dissolving of 70 ~ 80 DEG C, is added in levigate bauxite by obtained ammoniumsulphate soln and be mixed with charge pulp;
(3) charge pulp is in the temperature lower calcination 1 ~ 2 hour of 400 ~ 450 DEG C, is cooled to 70 ~ 80 DEG C after calcining, and add 70 ~ 80 DEG C of hot water grinding strippings, amount of water controls the concentration of Tai-Ace S 150 in solution after stripping within the scope of 200 ~ 250g/L;
(4) dissolution fluid passes into ammonia, obtains ammoniumsulphate soln and aluminum hydroxide precipitation, obtains aluminum oxide after precipitation calcining.
In the above-mentioned methods, need ammonium sulfate to be mixed with solution to use: the water consumption taking the liquid-solid ratio of charge pulp as 0.4 ~ 0.5ml/g control preparation ammoniumsulphate soln.
Alum liquor after hot water stripping passes into ammonia again and prepares aluminum oxide after deironing process: add potassium permanganate, and after the iron ion hydrolytic precipitation in solution, separating and filtering, obtains low iron aluminum sulfate dissolution fluid.According to MnO
2: the mol ratio of Fe is the ratio interpolation potassium permanganate of 2 ~ 3.
The inventive method can also adopt following method to carry out recycle with saving resource to the material produced in production process: pass into dissolution fluid after the ammonia decontamination produced in charge pulp calcination process, also can be used for after ammoniumsulphate soln evaporation concentration in step (4) preparing charge pulp, control the ammoniumsulphate soln concentration after concentrating consistent with the concentration needed for preparation charge pulp.
Compared with prior art, ammonium sulfate is mixed with solution and mixes with bauxite by the present invention, can ensure that ammonium sulfate contacts more fully with bauxite like this, the extraction yield of aluminum oxide is increased to more than 90%, present method can also add potassium permanganate to separate out the iron in dissolution fluid simultaneously, improve the quality of aluminum oxide, capable of circulation for process for making alumina after the ammonia produced in production process and ammoniumsulphate soln are purified respectively and concentrate, realize the recycle of resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) getting low-grade bauxite, levigately accounting for 95% to being less than 300 objects;
(2) be that 1:1.5 takes ammonium sulfate according to the mass ratio of quality of alumina in bauxite and ammonium sulfate, with the water preparation ammoniumsulphate soln of 75 DEG C, then join in bauxite, stir, make charge pulp, with the liquid-solid ratio of charge pulp for 0.4ml/g controls the water consumption preparing ammoniumsulphate soln;
(3) by the temperature lower calcination 1.5 hour of charge pulp in 430 DEG C, the ammonia produced in calcination process is collected, after having calcined, charge pulp changes grog into, by clinker cooling to about 75 DEG C, be placed in the hot water that mill adds 75 DEG C, limit edging stripping obtains Tai-Ace S 150 dissolution fluid;
(4) in gained Tai-Ace S 150 dissolution fluid according to n (MnO
2)/n (Fe) be 2.5 ratio add potassium permanganate, after the iron ion hydrolytic precipitation in solution, separating and filtering, obtains low iron aluminum sulfate solution, filter residue is through washing, and the standard that filter residue is arranged outward is the content of sulfate ion in filter residue per ton is 0.5%;
(5) in low iron aluminum sulfate solution, pass into ammonia (ammonia herein can be the ammonia produced in charge pulp calcination process, and this ammonia need use after purification), filter, obtain aluminum hydroxide precipitation and ammoniumsulphate soln;
(6) aluminium hydroxide is after washing, drying, and calcining can obtain finished product aluminum oxide; The ammonium sulfate lost in replenishment cycles in ammoniumsulphate soln, controlled concentration is consistent with the concentration needed for preparation charge pulp, returns bauxite preparation charge pulp operation.
Embodiment 2:
(1) 90% is accounted for levigate for cinder of electric power plant to being less than 300 objects;
(2) be that 1:2 takes according to the mass ratio of quality of alumina in lime-ash and ammonium sulfate, by the water dissolution of 75 DEG C, become ammoniumsulphate soln, then join in bauxite, stir, make charge pulp, with the liquid-solid ratio of charge pulp for 0.5ml/g controls the water consumption preparing ammoniumsulphate soln;
(3) by the temperature lower calcination 1 hour of charge pulp in 450 DEG C, collect the ammonia produced in calcination process, after having calcined, charge pulp changes grog into, and by clinker cooling to 70 DEG C, be placed in the hot water that mill adds 80 DEG C, limit edging stripping obtains Tai-Ace S 150 dissolution fluid;
(4) in gained Tai-Ace S 150 dissolution fluid according to n (MnO
2)/n (Fe) be 2 ratio add potassium permanganate, after the iron ion hydrolytic precipitation in solution, separating and filtering, obtains low iron aluminum sulfate solution, filter residue through washing, the standard that filter residue is arranged outward is the content of sulfate ion in filter residue per ton is 0.5%;
(5) in low iron aluminum sulfate solution, pass into ammonia (ammonia herein can be the ammonia produced in charge pulp calcination process, and this ammonia need use after purification), filter, obtain aluminum hydroxide precipitation and ammoniumsulphate soln;
(6) aluminium hydroxide is after washing, drying, and calcining can obtain finished product aluminum oxide; The ammonium sulfate lost in replenishment cycles in ammoniumsulphate soln, controlled concentration is consistent with the concentration needed for preparation charge pulp, returns bauxite preparation charge pulp operation.
Claims (5)
1. from low-grade bauxite, extract the method for aluminum oxide, it is characterized in that: get low-grade bauxite, levigate, add ammoniumsulphate soln and be mixed with charge pulp, in the temperature lower calcination of 400 ~ 450 DEG C, calcining post-heating water-soluble go out, ammonia is passed in dissolution fluid, obtain ammoniumsulphate soln and aluminum hydroxide precipitation, obtain aluminum oxide after precipitation calcining, concrete extracting method is:
(1) getting low-grade bauxite, levigately accounting for more than 90% to being less than 300 object particles;
(2) ratio being 1:1.5 ~ 2 according to the mass ratio of aluminum oxide in bauxite and ammonium sulfate takes ammonium sulfate, adds the hot water dissolving of 70 ~ 80 DEG C, is added in levigate bauxite by obtained ammoniumsulphate soln and be mixed with charge pulp;
(3) charge pulp is in the temperature lower calcination 1 ~ 2 hour of 400 ~ 450 DEG C, is cooled to 70 ~ 80 DEG C after calcining, and add 70 ~ 80 DEG C of hot water grinding strippings, amount of water controls the concentration of Tai-Ace S 150 in solution after stripping within the scope of 200 ~ 250g/L;
(4) dissolution fluid passes into ammonia, obtains ammoniumsulphate soln and aluminum hydroxide precipitation, obtains aluminum oxide after precipitation calcining,
Wherein in step (4) process, add potassium permanganate toward dissolution fluid, after the iron ion hydrolytic precipitation in solution, separating and filtering, obtains low iron aluminum sulfate dissolution fluid.
2. according to the method extracting aluminum oxide described in claim 1 from low-grade bauxite, it is characterized in that: the water consumption taking the liquid-solid ratio of charge pulp as 0.4 ~ 0.5ml/g control preparation ammoniumsulphate soln.
3., according to the method extracting aluminum oxide described in claim 1 from low-grade bauxite, it is characterized in that: according to MnO
2: the mol ratio of Fe is the ratio interpolation potassium permanganate of 2 ~ 3.
4. according to the method extracting aluminum oxide described in claim 1 from low-grade bauxite, it is characterized in that: after the ammonia decontamination produced in charge pulp calcination process, pass into dissolution fluid.
5. according to the method extracting aluminum oxide described in claim 1 from low-grade bauxite, it is characterized in that: for preparing charge pulp after the ammoniumsulphate soln evaporation concentration in step (4).
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Effective date of registration: 20160823 Address after: 100000, Beijing, Haidian District, apricot Road, No. 99, block C Patentee after: Zhong Lv international project limited-liability company Address before: 550081 Guiyang Province, Jinyang New District, Zhu Zhu Road, No. 2 Patentee before: Guiyang Aluminum & Magnesium Design Institute Co., Ltd. |