CN102530197A - Ship draft depth measuring device based on laser and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Ship draft depth measuring device based on laser and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102530197A CN102530197A CN2011104336395A CN201110433639A CN102530197A CN 102530197 A CN102530197 A CN 102530197A CN 2011104336395 A CN2011104336395 A CN 2011104336395A CN 201110433639 A CN201110433639 A CN 201110433639A CN 102530197 A CN102530197 A CN 102530197A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for measuring ship draft depth, in particular to a ship draft depth measuring device based on laser and a measuring method thereof, the key points are that the ship draft depth measuring device uses a hollow sealing straight pipe as a vector for converting propagation direction of laser, the two ends of the hollow sealing straight pipe are provided with transparent windows, achieves adjustment of laser ejection vertical depth and level position in a swing mode of end portion, provides matching and adjusting of a moving platform. Therefore, main devices of the whole system can be arranged on land, thereby reducing construction difficulty of the system, and also avoiding a series of handling engineering needed by equipment boarding, being convenient in construction and installment, simple in operation and implementation and easy in checking maintenance of equipment, reducing cost from construction and implementation to maintenance and the like, being rapid and accurate disembarking in detection process, and increasing detection efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring system of shipping draft, particularly a kind of shipping draft measurement mechanism and method of measurement thereof based on laser.
Background technology
The boats and ships lower apron is meant that hull is immersed in the part in the water.Boats and ships lower apron nadir is called shipping draft to the distance of the water surface.All kinds of navigation hinges such as ship lock, ship lift have stipulated that all the maximum of navigation boats and ships allows draft, and the ultra drinking water of boats and ships meeting brings serious threat to navigation hinges such as ship lock, and gently Calculation of Ship Grounding's then blocks the fairway, heavy then equipment damage, even ship is ruined the people and is died.At present, shipping draft main measuring metering method is following both at home and abroad:
(1) artificial observation method
This method relies on the professional who has been trained for a long time to obtain the boats and ships real draft through the water gauge sign of measuring boats and ships; This method can only be carried out when boats and ships pull in to shore or anchor; Influenced greatly by subjective factor and weather environment, Measuring Time is long, can't satisfy the requirement that quick disembark detects.And this method need put rope ladder when measuring, and has certain risk.
(2) super sonic water gauge method
This method is benchmark with the deck, to water surface emission super sonic, through measuring the echo time of return, records the parameters such as distance of deck in ship structure to the water surface according to the velocity of sound, calculates draft.The precision temperature influence that this method is measured is bigger, and this method can only be installed in detecting device on the ship and detects at present, can not satisfy the disembark measurement requirement.
(3) pressure sensing method
This method is the setting pressure sensor on the position of ship in ballast floating line, when drinking water deepens, obtains draft according to pressure sensor.This method need be installed in the hull outside to crucial measuring equipment, not only can not satisfy the disembark measurement requirement, and performance difficulty.
These methods receive subjective factor to influence big or checkout facility must be gone on board or following water; Because equipment is all more large-scale; Construction and installation, operation enforcement, plant maintenance etc. all have very big difficulty; Be very much inconvenience, and go on board at every turn and can't satisfy shipping management department disembark, inspection requirements fast and accurately.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to weak point according to prior art provides a kind of safe, effective, detection that need not to go on board, detects fast and accurately shipping draft measurement mechanism and method of measurement thereof based on laser.
Shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser of the present invention is realized through following approach:
Based on the shipping draft measurement mechanism of laser, its structural feature is, includes laser beam emitting device, emitting side light path system, laser receiver, mobile platform and signal processor unit, wherein:
Laser beam emitting device includes laser generator and the laser beam expanding lens that is installed on the same optical axis;
Emitting side light path system includes hollow seal straight tube, first catadioptre, second catadioptre and stepping motor; Be provided with transparent window on the top of hollow seal straight tube and the side of bottom; First catadioptre is installed in the inner chamber at transparent window place, hollow seal straight tube top; Minute surface is relative with this transparent window, and second catadioptre is installed in the inner chamber at transparent window place, hollow seal straight tube bottom, and the minute surface also transparent window with the side, bottom is relative; The driving rotating shaft of installing on the turning cylinder of stepping motor and this hollow seal straight tube top ends is connected; The minute surface core of first catadioptre is positioned on the optical axis of laser beam emitting device, and the hollow seal straight tube is positioned at bank along on the wall in the outside;
Mobile platform includes ride pedestal, guide rail, support, horizontal boom and scalable vertical cantilever; Wherein the ride pedestal is positioned on the guide rail, and guide rail is installed in the land, bank, and is parallel with the bank edge; Support is installed perpendicular to the table top of ride pedestal; One end of horizontal boom links to each other with cantilever tip portion, and the other end of horizontal boom then is connected with scalable vertical cantilever top and vertical distribution, and laser receiver is positioned at the tail end of scalable vertical cantilever;
The signal triggering end of signal processor unit is connected with laser generator, and signal receiving end is connected with laser receiver, and the signal control end is electrically connected with stepping motor.
The method of measurement of above-mentioned shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser, its main points are, comprise the steps:
Aforesaid shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser is provided,
Signal processor unit carries out analyzing and processing according to current boats and ships situation and waterlevel data, obtains the standard draft data of current boats and ships, generates instruction and energizing signal then, sends to the stepping motor of emitting side light path system through the signal control end,
Stepping motor starts, and to drive the hollow seal straight tube be center of turn with the top ends of pipe, and pipe shaft is provided with angle at the bank perpendicular to the water surface along swing on the outer side surface, this moment the hollow seal straight tube the bottom on second catadioptre be positioned at standard draft position;
Start mobile platform; Support drives horizontal boom and stretches out water surface top; The length of its horizontal boom can stride across the navigation boats and ships, and scalable vertical cantilever drives elongation, and its tail end does not have in the entry; Control the spread length of scalable vertical cantilever, be positioned on the standard draft position up to the laser receiver of its tail end;
Signal processor unit sends to detect to instruct and sends laser generator to through the signal triggering end, and laser generator emission laser converts laser beam to through laser beam expanding lens; At first this laser beam is injected the transparent window of side, emitting side light path system hollow seal straight tube top; And be incident on first catadioptre, this laser beam of first mirror reflects arrives second catadioptre, this laser beam of second mirror reflects; Transparent window through side, straight tube bottom penetrates, and gets into the water surface;
Start mobile platform, it is moved along guide rail, and scalable vertical cantilever is finely tuned, can stablize up to laser receiver and receive laser signal, promptly signal processor unit can be stablized and receives laser receiver data sent signal;
The notice boats and ships sail surveyed area into, and the signal that signal processor unit is sent according to laser receiver is handled as follows, in setting-up time; Receive the laser data of set point number, then differentiate shipping draft and meet the requirements, generate data then and store; If in setting-up time, fail to receive the laser data of set point number; Then differentiate shipping draft and exceed standard, undesirable, signal processor unit will carry out analyzing and processing to data; Generate the result and store, and the information that gives a warning.
That is to say if shipping draft does not exceed standard; Then laser receiver can unscreenedly receive the laser beam that laser beam emitting device sends; If shipping draft is checked meter; Then hull will block the underwater propagation path of laser, cause laser receiver can't receive offside and penetrate next laser.
Described each of technical scheme of the present invention formed member and all is directly installed on the land, bank; Basically need be to the underwater assembling of constructing, also avoided the equipment needed a series of carrying engineering of going on board, construction install convenience, operation are implemented simple; Equipment routing inspection is safeguarded easily; Reduced from construction, implemented, to the cost of each side such as maintenances, the disembark testing process fast, accurate, improved detection efficiency.
The present invention can further be specially:
Laser generator or be a kind of bluish-green laser device, or for a kind of blue laser, or be a kind of green (light) laser.
This is because optical maser wavelength is in blue light and in water, decays lessly to the laser in the green range, detects effective.
The first emission mirror and the second emission mirror are a kind of plane mirror perhaps, and minute surface and pairing transparent window are 45, perhaps are a kind of completely reflecting mirror, and this completely reflecting mirror is that a kind of cross-sectional plane is the prism of isosceles right triangle.
First catadioptre and second catadioptre all are the directions of propagation that is used to change laser.On selecting, with respect to plane mirror, at a plurality of images of glass surface and the formation of silver-colored face, image quality was better when flat mirror reflects had been eliminated in total reflection prism.
Laser pickoff is a kind of light sensation receptor perhaps, perhaps is a kind of ccd video camera.
Common relatively light sensation receptor; State and the hull that ccd video camera can comparatively clearly photograph laser beam be the situation of part under water; More help signal processor unit and carry out many-sided information analysis, processing and storage, and photoelectric transformation efficiency can better be mated blueness, green or bluish-green laser beam that laser generator produces.
Support on the mobile platform is a kind of parallelogram bracket, and the tranverse connecting rod on the parallelogram bracket extends to horizontal boom.
Like this, horizontal boom is convenient to the tranverse connecting rod one on the parallelogram bracket, and bending resistance effect is preferably arranged.
Signal processing device is changed to a kind of industrial control computer, and it includes central processing module, and respectively with this central processing module bonded assembly Reference data memory module, test data memory module, display module, load module and signal output module.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of shipping draft measurement mechanism and method of measurement thereof, use two ends to have the carrier of the hollow seal straight tube of transparent window as the conversion of laser propagation direction based on laser; Realize that with end swing mode its laser penetrates the adjusting on vertical depth and the level attitude simultaneously; And provide mobile platform to cooperate adjustment, so the main device of whole system can both be arranged in the land, it is little to have reduced the system construction difficulty; Also avoided the equipment needed a series of carrying engineering of going on board; Construction install convenience, operation are implemented simple, and equipment routing inspection safeguards easily, reduced from construction, implement, to the cost of each side such as maintenance; The disembark testing process fast, has accurately improved detection efficiency.
Description of drawings
The shipping draft measurement mechanism Facad structure scheme drawing that is according to the invention based on laser shown in Figure 1.
The shipping draft measurement mechanism construction profile scheme drawing that is according to the invention based on laser shown in Figure 2.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done and to further describe.
Specific embodiment
Most preferred embodiment:
With reference to accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2,, include laser beam emitting device 1, emitting side light path system, laser receiver 3, mobile platform and signal processor unit 5 based on the shipping draft measurement mechanism and the method for measurement thereof of laser.
Wherein, it is 10 532nm green laser beam expanding lens that laser beam emitting device 1 includes the semiconductor pumped total solids green (light) laser of the 532nm that is in same optical axis and multiplying power, and the 532nm green laser is decayed less in water, and matches with the photoelectric transformation efficiency of CCD.Little and the good beam quality of diode pumped solid state laser volume is suitable for laser imaging system.Laser beam expanding lens is used for the diameter of expanded beam and reduces the angle of divergence of laser beam.
Laser emission sidelight road system comprises hollow seal straight tube 21 and first catadioptre 22, second catadioptre 23 and stepping motor 24; 10 meters of hollow seal straight tube 21 length; 8 centimetres of internal diameters are provided with transparent window on the opposite flank of its top and bottom, and first catadioptre 22 and second catadioptre 23 are a kind of completely reflecting mirror; It is that a kind of cross-sectional plane is the prism of isosceles right triangle, and square edge length and prism thickness are 5 centimetres.First catadioptre 22 is installed in the inner chamber at transparent window place, hollow seal straight tube top; Minute surface becomes 45 relatively with this transparent window; Second catadioptre 23 is installed in the inner chamber at transparent window place, hollow seal straight tube bottom, and minute surface also becomes 45 with the transparent window of side, bottom relatively; The minute surface core of first catadioptre is positioned on the optical axis of laser beam emitting device, and the hollow seal straight tube is positioned at bank along on the wall in the outside, and is parallel to this wall, and said wall is perpendicular to horizontal surface.The turning cylinder of stepping motor 24 is gone up the driving rotating shaft of installing with these hollow seal straight tube 21 top ends (i.e. the position of first catadioptre installation) and is connected; It is center of turn with top total reflection prism (first catadioptre 22) loca down that the hollow seal straight tube 21 of this moment can drive at stepping motor 24, the upright position and the level attitude of adjusting bottom total reflection prism (second catadioptre 23).The horizontal direction laser of laser beam emitting device 1 emission is got into by the transparent window on sealed tube top; After direction is changed in top total reflection prism 22, in the sealing straight tube, propagate to pipe is terminal, changed into after the horizontal direction from terminal transparent window horizontal sheaf offside laser receiver by terminal total reflection prism again.
Mobile platform 4 comprises ride pedestal 41, guide rail 42, support 43, horizontal boom 44 and scalable vertical cantilever 45.Mobile platform 4 is installed in land on the bank; Wherein rail length is 20 meters, and parallel with the bank edge, mobile platform can move along guide rail; Parallelogram bracket 43 is installed on the ride pedestal 1, and it is 8 meters horizontal boom 44 that the tranverse connecting rod on this parallelogram bracket 43 extends to length.Horizontal boom 44 other ends are that 12 meters scalable vertical cantilever 45 is connected through stretching oil cylinder and extreme length, and vertical cantilever 45 is perpendicular to horizontal boom 44.The tail end of scalable vertical cantilever is equipped with laser receiver.
The method of measurement of above-mentioned shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser comprises the steps:
Aforesaid shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser is provided,
Stepping motor 24 starts; And drive hollow seal straight tube 21 top ends with pipe are center of turn; Pipe shaft is provided with angle at the bank perpendicular to the water surface along swing on the outer side surface, and second catadioptre 23 on the bottom of hollow seal straight tube 21 is positioned at 1.6 meters of standard draft positions at this moment;
Start mobile platform; Support 43 drives horizontal boom 44 and stretches out water surface top; The length of its horizontal boom 44 can stride across the navigation boats and ships, and scalable vertical cantilever 45 drives elongation, and its tail end does not have in the entry; Control the spread length of scalable vertical cantilever 45, be positioned on 1.6 meters draft positions up to the laser receiver of its tail end;
Start mobile platform, it is moved along guide rail 42, and scalable vertical cantilever 45 is finely tuned, can stablize up to laser receiver 3 and receive laser signal, promptly signal processor unit 5 can be stablized and receives laser receiver 3 data sent signals;
The notice boats and ships sail surveyed area into, and the signal that signal processor unit 5 is sent according to laser receiver is handled as follows, in setting-up time; Receive the laser data of set point number, then differentiate shipping draft and meet the requirements, generate data then and store; If in setting-up time, fail to receive the laser data of set point number, then differentiate shipping draft and exceed standard, undesirable; Signal processor unit will carry out analyzing and processing to data; Generate the result and store,, and give a warning through alarm module through LED display module display data information and warning information.
That is to say if shipping draft does not exceed standard; Then laser receiver can unscreenedly receive the laser beam that laser beam emitting device sends; If shipping draft is checked meter; Then hull will block the underwater propagation path of laser, cause laser receiver can't receive offside and penetrate next laser.Shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser according to the invention can be realized whole-course automation control, unmanned.
It is identical with prior art that the present invention does not state part.
Claims (8)
1. based on the shipping draft measurement mechanism of laser, it is characterized in that, include laser beam emitting device, emitting side light path system, laser receiver, mobile platform and signal processor unit, wherein:
Laser beam emitting device includes laser generator and the laser beam expanding lens that is installed on the same optical axis;
Emitting side light path system includes hollow seal straight tube, first catadioptre, second catadioptre and stepping motor; Be provided with transparent window on the top of hollow seal straight tube and the side of bottom; First catadioptre is installed in the inner chamber at transparent window place, hollow seal straight tube top; Minute surface is relative with this transparent window, and second catadioptre is installed in the inner chamber at transparent window place, hollow seal straight tube bottom, and the minute surface also transparent window with the side, bottom is relative; The driving rotating shaft of installing on the turning cylinder of stepping motor and this hollow seal straight tube top ends is connected; The minute surface core of first catadioptre is positioned on the optical axis of laser beam emitting device, and the hollow seal straight tube is positioned at bank along on the wall in the outside;
Mobile platform includes ride pedestal, guide rail, support, horizontal boom and scalable vertical cantilever; Wherein the ride pedestal is positioned on the guide rail, and guide rail is installed in the land, bank, and is parallel with the bank edge; Support is installed perpendicular to the table top of ride pedestal; One end of horizontal boom links to each other with cantilever tip portion, and the other end of horizontal boom then is connected with scalable vertical cantilever top and vertical distribution, and laser receiver is positioned at the tail end of scalable vertical cantilever;
The signal triggering end of signal processor unit is connected with laser generator, and signal receiving end is connected with laser receiver, and the signal control end is electrically connected with stepping motor.
2. the shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, laser generator or be a kind of bluish-green laser device, or for a kind of blue laser, or be a kind of green (light) laser.
3. the shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the first emission mirror and the second emission mirror are a kind of plane mirror, and minute surface and pairing transparent window are 45.
4. the shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the first emission mirror and the second emission mirror are a kind of completely reflecting mirror, and this completely reflecting mirror is that a kind of cross-sectional plane is the prism of isosceles right triangle.
5. the shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, laser pickoff is a kind of light sensation receptor perhaps, perhaps is a kind of ccd video camera.
6. the shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that the support on the mobile platform is a kind of parallelogram bracket, and the tranverse connecting rod on the parallelogram bracket extends to horizontal boom.
7. the shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Signal processing device is changed to a kind of industrial control computer; It includes central processing module, and respectively with this central processing module bonded assembly Reference data memory module, test data memory module, display module, load module and signal output module.
8. based on the method for measurement of the shipping draft measurement mechanism of laser, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
The described shipping draft measurement mechanism based on laser like claim 1-7 is provided,
Signal processor unit carries out analyzing and processing according to current boats and ships situation and waterlevel data, obtains the standard draft data of current boats and ships, generates instruction and energizing signal then, sends to the stepping motor of emitting side light path system through the signal control end,
Stepping motor starts, and to drive the hollow seal straight tube be center of turn with the top ends of pipe, and pipe shaft is provided with angle at the bank perpendicular to the water surface along swing on the outer side surface, this moment the hollow seal straight tube the bottom on second catadioptre be positioned at standard draft position;
Start mobile platform; Support drives horizontal boom and stretches out water surface top; The length of its horizontal boom can stride across the navigation boats and ships, and scalable vertical cantilever drives elongation, and its tail end does not have in the entry; Control the spread length of scalable vertical cantilever, be positioned on the standard draft position up to the laser receiver of its tail end;
Signal processor unit sends to detect to instruct and sends laser generator to through the signal triggering end, and laser generator emission laser converts laser beam to through laser beam expanding lens; At first this laser beam is injected the transparent window of side, emitting side light path system hollow seal straight tube top; And be incident on first catadioptre, this laser beam of first mirror reflects arrives second catadioptre, this laser beam of second mirror reflects; Transparent window through side, straight tube bottom penetrates, and gets into the water surface;
Start mobile platform, it is moved along guide rail, and scalable vertical cantilever is finely tuned, can stablize up to laser receiver and receive laser signal, promptly signal processor unit can be stablized and receives laser receiver data sent signal;
The notice boats and ships sail surveyed area into, and the signal that signal processor unit is sent according to laser receiver is handled as follows, in setting-up time; Receive the laser data of set point number, then differentiate shipping draft and meet the requirements, generate data then and store; If in setting-up time, fail to receive the laser data of set point number; Then differentiate shipping draft and exceed standard, undesirable, signal processor unit will carry out analyzing and processing to data; Generate the result and store, and the information that gives a warning.
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| CN102815380A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-12 | 上海海事大学 | System for detecting ship overload |
| CN102910266A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2013-02-06 | 太仓市旭达机械设备有限公司 | Ship draft detection device |
| CN103448881A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-18 | 江苏现代造船技术有限公司 | Ship draft measuring device and measuring method thereof |
| CN107643549A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-30 | 国电大渡河流域水电开发有限公司龚嘴水力发电总厂 | Contactless generating set air gap foreign matter on-line checking alarm structure and alarm method |
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| CN115164061A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-11 | 日照检验认证有限公司 | Ship draft measuring device |
| CN116558608A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-08 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Draft volume detection device for ship |
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| CN107643549A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-30 | 国电大渡河流域水电开发有限公司龚嘴水力发电总厂 | Contactless generating set air gap foreign matter on-line checking alarm structure and alarm method |
| CN107643549B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2024-03-01 | 国能大渡河流域水电开发有限公司龚嘴水力发电总厂 | Non-contact type generator set air gap foreign matter on-line detection alarm structure and alarm method |
| CN107677214A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-09 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | System and method for detecting air gap of generator in real time and wind generating set |
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| CN109178234A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州大学 | A kind of ship freeboard measuring system and its measurement method |
| CN109632259A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-04-16 | 重庆交通大学 | The measuring device and method of water conservancy project physical experiments free sailing model ship vertical section deflection |
| CN111409783B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 长江三峡通航管理局 | Sliding lifting device for detection cross rod of off-board mobile detection platform and use method thereof |
| CN111409783A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-14 | 长江三峡通航管理局 | Sliding lifting device for detection cross rod of off-board mobile detection platform and use method thereof |
| CN115164061A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-11 | 日照检验认证有限公司 | Ship draft measuring device |
| CN115164061B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-09-01 | 日照检验认证有限公司 | Ship draft measuring device |
| CN116558608A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-08 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Draft volume detection device for ship |
| CN116558608B (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-11-28 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Draft volume detection device for ship |
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