CN102527359A - Method for modifying activated carbon for blood perfusion - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for modifying activated carbon for blood perfusion comprises the following specific steps of: 1, modifying the activated carbon: washing 80-100-mesh coal activated carbon sold in the market with water to remove floating carbon, and treating the activated carbon by taking nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, 30% hydrogen peroxide and a saturated ammonium persulfate solution as oxidizing and modifying agents, wherein when the nitric acid is taken as the modifying agent, the processing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 0-100 DEG C, the concentration is 0.1-12mol/L, the processing time is 2-24 hours, and the ratio of the weight of the activated carbon to the volume of an oxidizing agent is about 1g/2.5mL; and 2, repeatedly eluting the processed activated carbon with sterile distilled water or deionized water during ultrasonic oscillation till the pH of an eluent is 7, and then drying the eluted activated carbon at the temperature of 120 DEG C and storing the activated carbon with a sterilized packaging bag in a sterile way. The method for modifying the activated carbon for the blood perfusion is simple, and easy to operate.

Description

A kind of modifying method of activated carbon that is used for blood perfusion

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for the activated carbon modified of blood perfusion.

Background technology

Active carbon is the adsorbent that the most often uses in the blood perfusion; Be used for disease patient's bodies such as adsorbing and removing liver failure, septicemia, uremia; And the poisonous and harmful substance in drug poisoning patient's bodies such as agricultural chemicals, hypnotic, with disease of slowing down, treating patient or the life that rescues the urgent patient.In blood perfusion,, therefore require active carbon that blood is had blood compatibility preferably because active carbon directly contacts with blood; In addition; There is bigger adsorption capacity to produce and also is blood perfusion two other important requirement active carbon with no powder, wherein, the most key with blood compatibility.

In blood perfusion, directly use general commercial active carbon that patient is carried out perfusion, its blood compatibility is poor; Show and use back patient's haemocyte (comprising white, red blood cell) and blood platelet to reduce in a large number, for this reason, need carry out modification active carbon; The method of generally using at present is to the active carbon encapsulate, promptly uses nitrocotton, silica gel, agarose etc. to active carbon parcel (L.M. Barnes, G.J.Phillips; Et al.. The cytotoxicity of highly porous medical carbon adsorbents, Carbon, 2009; 47:1887-1895. G. Kibarer, G. Akovali. Optimization studies on the features of an activated charcoal-supported urease system, Biomoteriols; 1996,17:1473-1479), active carbon obviously improves the blood compatibility of blood after the parcel; But because the package action of film, the adsorption capacity of active carbon has bigger reduction (generally about 30%); Especially to the molecule of the mesoscale that need remove in the blood perfusion, its adsorption capacity can sharply descend, and has greatly limited effect and the application (L.M.Barnes of active carbon in blood perfusion; G.J.Phillips, et al.. The cytotoxicity of highly porous medical carbon adsorbents, Carbon; 2009,47:1887-1895).Simultaneously, film-coating technique is also had relatively high expectations, and coating has approached that then compatibility is bad, the thick transparent performance that then influences film.

A kind of in addition preparation blood perfusion is the polymer pyrolysis with process of active carbon, and main points are to be raw material with the polymer with nitrogen, at high temperature uses nitrogen protection thermal decomposition polymer (D.J.Malik; G.L. arwick, I.Mathieson, et al.. Structured carbon haemoadsorbents for the removal of middle molecular weight toxins; Carbon, 2005,43:2317-2329. S.R.Sandeman; C. A.Howell, G.J.Phillips, et al.. Assessing the in vitro biocompatibility of a novel carbon device for the treatment of sepsis; Biomaterials; 2005,26:7124-7131), so just make pyrolysis gained active carbon contain part nitrogen and possess blood compatibility preferably.The advantage of this method is not use coating promptly can obtain preferably blood compatibility and the adsorption property of active carbon is unaffected, but the shortcoming raw material sources that exist are limited, and its character of active carbon receives the influence of raw material, therefore uses limited.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of straightforward procedure that makes the blood compatibility raising of active carbon; Simultaneously; Also make the charcoal absorption capacity of gained change little even raising, to change the shortcoming that existing blood perfusion is big with active carbon adsorption capacity decline behind coating even can not adsorb the mesoscale molecule.

With existing merchandise active carbon is raw material, with nitric acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate be modifier with activated carbon modified processing, then, use ultrasonic wave ultrasonic under, to wash, oven dry aseptic preservation afterwards to pH=7.When using nitric acid as modifier, treatment conditions are: temperature 0-100 ℃, and concentration 0.1-12 mol/L, time 2-24 hour.

A kind of modifying method of activated carbon that is used for blood perfusion, its concrete steps are following:

The first step, modified activated carbon: with particle diameter is that floating charcoal is removed in the eccysis of the commercially available coal mass active carbon water of 80-100 purpose, using nitric acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, 30% hydrogen peroxide and saturated ammonium persulfate solution then is that active carbon is handled in the oxidation modification agent; When using nitric acid as modifier; Treatment conditions are: temperature 0-100 ℃, and concentration 0.1-12 mol/L, time 2-24 hour; The ratio of active carbon weight and oxidant volume is approximately the 1g active carbon and adds the 2.5mL salpeter solution

Second step, use ultrasonic wave, with the active carbon of handling well with sterile distilled water or deionized water cyclic washing in ultrasonic oscillation; Directly be washed till till the pH=7 that flows out liquid; Then, washed active carbon 120 ℃ of oven dry down, is used the aseptic preservation of packaging bag of sterilization.

Adopt the beneficial effect of technique scheme to be:

1) the present invention uses the ultrasonic washing after simple processing of general commercial active carbon promptly to make, and method is simple, easy to operate.

2) use oxidizer treatment such as nitric acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate directly to introduce oxy radical etc., thereby reach the compatibility with blood.

3) no film parcel can make the adsorbance decline of gained blood perfusion charcoal few, even also can increase, and the nothing absorption such as molecule to mesoscale simultaneously hinder.

4) in washing, use ultrasonic Treatment, breakable active carbon in Powdered Activated Carbon or the use is removed, thereby at utmost avoided the generation of powder carbon granule in the blood perfusion.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

80-100 order coal mass active carbon 10g, the nitric acid 25mL that adds 3mol/L handled 10 hours in 25 ℃ water bath with thermostatic control, then, used ultrasonic wave with distilled water active carbon to be cleaned, to flowing out after liquid reaches pH=7, oven dry, the active carbon yield is 87%.Get the 1g active carbon and add 50mL water, warp cycling use of water repeatedly washes 30 times, and water body does not see that obvious powder generates.The blood perfusion of active carbon is operated as follows: accurately take by weighing the active carbon 1g that handles well, put into after the perfusion post, the sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer with pH=7.3 soaks earlier; And then with normal saline flushing perfusion post; Carry out perfusion with the 30mL new blood at last, flow velocity is 4.0mL/min, compares with former active carbon simultaneously; Behind the perfusion 40 minutes, the gained result is following:

Blood	Leucocyte (WBC)	Red blood cell (RBC)	Blood platelet (PLT)
				The blood of perfusion not	5.61	1.74	121
Through former active carbon perfusion	3.41	1.47	82
				Active carbon perfusion after treatment	4.22	1.68	95

Embodiment 2

The influence in processing time

Get 10g 80-100 order coal mass active carbon, three parts, add the nitric acid 25mL of 3mol/L respectively; In 60 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control, handled respectively 2,12 and 24 hours, then, use the ultrasonic washing of distilled water respectively; To flowing out after liquid reaches pH=7, oven dry, the active carbon yield is respectively 83,77 and 65%.Get the 1g active carbon respectively and carry out blood perfusion by preceding method, and contrast with untreated active carbon, perfusion is after 40 minutes, and the result is following:

Blood	Leucocyte (WBC)	Red blood cell (RBC)	Blood platelet (PLT)
				Former blood	4.86	1.77	83
Through former active carbon perfusion	3.29	1.55	12
				Handle the active carbon perfusion through 2h	3.53	1.59	19
Handle the active carbon perfusion through 12h	3.81	1.62	31
				Handle the active carbon perfusion through 24h	4.12	1.64	47

Embodiment 3

The influence of treatment temperature

Get 10g 80-100 order coal mass active carbon, three parts, add the nitric acid 25mL of 6mol/L respectively; In 5,60 and 100 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control, handled respectively 12 hours respectively again, then, use the ultrasonic washing of distilled water respectively; To flowing out after liquid reaches pH=7, oven dry, the active carbon yield is 85,76 and 62%.Get the 1g active carbon respectively and carry out blood perfusion by preceding method, and contrast with former active carbon, perfusion is after 40 minutes, and the result is following:

Blood	Leucocyte (WBC)	Red blood cell (RBC)	Blood platelet (PLT)
				Through former active carbon perfusion	4.60	1.83	60
5 ℃ of processing of warp active carbon perfusions	4.01	1.70	22
				60 ℃ of processing of warp active carbon perfusions	4.17	1.70	24
95 ℃ of processing of warp active carbon perfusions	4.01	1.75	22

Embodiment 4

The influence of concentration of treatment

Get 10g 80-100 order coal mass active carbon, three parts, add 0.1,3 and the nitric acid 25mL of 12mol/L respectively; In 60 ℃ water bath with thermostatic control, handled respectively 12 hours, and then, used the ultrasonic washing of distilled water respectively; To flowing out after liquid reaches pH=7, oven dry, the active carbon yield is 95,81 and 65%.Get the 1g active carbon respectively and carry out blood perfusion by preceding method, and contrast with untreated active carbon, perfusion is after 40 minutes, and the result is following:

Blood	Leucocyte (WBC)	Red blood cell (RBC)	Blood platelet (PLT)
				Former active carbon perfusion	3.18	1.62	26
Handle the active carbon perfusion through 0.1mol/L	3.17	1.69	35
				Handle the active carbon perfusion through 3mol/L	3.44	1.70	41
Handle the active carbon perfusion through 12mol/L	3.42	1.75	37

Embodiment 5

The influence of blood perfusion time

Get the active carbon of handling in aforementioned 12 hours and carry out blood perfusion, take a sample after 40,80 and 120 minutes at perfusion respectively, the result is following:

Blood	Leucocyte (WBC)	Red blood cell (RBC)	Blood platelet (PLT)
				When perfusion begins	4.60	1.83	60
40 minutes perfusion time	4.01	1.70	22
				80 minutes perfusion time	4.17	1.70	24
120 minutes perfusion time	4.01	1.75	22

Embodiment 6

Other active carbon

Get 10g 80-100 order coconut husk and wood activated charcoal respectively, add the nitric acid 25mL of 3mol/L respectively, in 60 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control, handled respectively 3 hours; Use the ultrasonic washing of distilled water more respectively; To flowing out after liquid reaches pH=7, oven dry, the active carbon yield is respectively 83 and 72%.Get the 1g active carbon respectively and carry out blood perfusion by preceding method, and contrast with untreated active carbon, perfusion is after 40 minutes, and the result is following:

Blood	Leucocyte (WBC)	Red blood cell (RBC)	Blood platelet (PLT)
				Through former cocoanut active charcoal perfusion	2.20	2.01	92
Treated cocoanut active charcoal perfusion	2.22	2.14	129
				Through protolignin's active carbon perfusion	2.28	2.09	98
Treated wood activated charcoal perfusion	2.28	2.15	106

Embodiment 7

The influence of different disposal agent

80-100 order cocoanut active charcoal 10g; Three parts; Add hydrogen peroxide, the concentrated sulfuric acid, each 50mL of saturated ammonium persulfate of 30% respectively; The active carbon that will add hydrogen peroxide was then handled 20 hours in 20 ℃ water bath with thermostatic control, and the active carbon that will add the concentrated sulfuric acid was handled 4 hours at 150 ℃, and the active carbon that will add saturated ammonium persulfate refluxed 6 hours.All active carbons all use ultrasonic wave with distillation washing, to flowing out after liquid reaches pH=7 oven dry.Get three each 1g of the active carbon of handling well and carry out blood perfusion by preceding method, and contrast with untreated active carbon, perfusion is after 40 minutes, and the result is following::

Blood	Leucocyte (WBC)	Red blood cell (RBC)	Blood platelet (PLT)
				Through former cocoanut active charcoal perfusion	2.20	2.01	92
Handle through hydrogen peroxide	2.18	2.09	131
				Handle through the concentrated sulfuric acid	2.31	1.86	109
Handle through ammonium persulfate	2.22	2.05	126

Embodiment 8

Charcoal treatment is to the influence of adsorption capacity

80-100 order coal mass active carbon (AC0) 300g, the nitric acid 500mL that adds 1.5mol/L handled 20 hours in 20 ℃ water bath with thermostatic control, took out roughly 1/4th active carbon (getting AC1) then; Remaining active carbon adds 6 mol/L nitric acid 300mL and handles 2h at 90 ℃; Take out about 100g again and (get AC2), remaining active carbon adds 10 mol/L nitric acid 200mL and handles 2h (getting AC3) again at 90 ℃, and all active carbons all use ultrasonic wave to clean with distilled water; To flowing out after liquid reaches pH=7 oven dry.Get the coconut husk and the wood activated charcoal of gained in three active carbons of handling well and the instance 6; And untreated ature of coal, coconut husk and wooden each 0.15g; Join respectively 10mL flolimat pesticide concentration be respectively 1.2,3.2 and the solution of 7.0mg/mL in; Then 20 ℃ of absorption, each active carbon of gained is following to the adsorption capacity of flolimat when the different initial concentration:

Claims (1)

1. a modifying method of activated carbon that is used for blood perfusion is characterized in that, the concrete steps of this method are:

The first step, modified activated carbon: with particle diameter is that floating charcoal is removed in the eccysis of the commercially available coal mass active carbon water of 80-100 purpose, using nitric acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, 30% hydrogen peroxide and saturated ammonium persulfate solution then is that active carbon is handled in the oxidation modification agent; When using nitric acid as modifier; Treatment conditions are: temperature 0-100 ℃, and concentration 0.1-12 mol/L, time 2-24 hour; The ratio of active carbon weight and oxidant volume is approximately the 1g active carbon and adds the 2.5mL salpeter solution

Second step, use ultrasonic wave, with the active carbon of handling well with sterile distilled water or deionized water cyclic washing in ultrasonic oscillation; Directly be washed till till the pH=7 that flows out liquid; Then, washed active carbon 120 ℃ of oven dry down, is used the aseptic preservation of packaging bag of sterilization.